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Zhang Y, Chen H, Zeng M, Guo P, Liu M, Cao B, Wang R, Hao F, Zheng X, Feng W. Futoquinol improves Aβ 25-35-induced memory impairment in mice by inhibiting the activation of p38MAPK through the glycolysis pathway and regulating the composition of the gut microbiota. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1799-1814. [PMID: 38330236 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Futoquinol (Fut) is a compound extracted from Piper kadsura that has a nerve cell protection effect. However, it is unclear whether Fut has protective effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we aimed to explore the therapeutic effect of Fut in AD and its underlying mechanism. UPLC-MS/MS method was performed to quantify Fut in the hippocampus of mice brain. The cognition ability, neuronal and mitochondria damage, and levels of Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, p-Tau, oxidative stress, apoptosis, immune cells, and inflammatory factors were measured in Aβ25-35-induced mice. The content of bacterial meta-geometry was predicted in the microbial composition based on 16S rDNA. The protein levels of HK II, p-p38MAPK, and p38MAPK were detected. PC-12 cells were cultured in vitro, and glucose was added to activate glycolysis to further explore the mechanism of action of Fut intervention in AD. Fut improved the memory and learning ability of Aβ25-35 mice, and reduced neuronal damage and the deposition of Aβ and Tau proteins. Moreover, Fut reduced mitochondrial damage, the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors. Fut significantly inhibited the expression of HK II and p-p38MAPK proteins. The in vitro experiment showed that p38MAPK was activated and Fut action inhibited after adding 10 mM glucose. Fut might inhibit the activation of p38MAPK through the glycolysis pathway, thereby reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors and improving Aβ25-35-induced memory impairment in mice. These data provide pharmacological rationale for Fut in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengli Guo
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing Cao
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ru Wang
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengxiao Hao
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weisheng Feng
- College of pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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Liu JY, Dai Y, He YX, Lin L. Effect of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1301102. [PMID: 38293672 PMCID: PMC10824956 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1301102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Berberis vulgaris, which possesses a variety of pharmacological activities. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disease with multiple pathologic factors, with cognitive decline being the main manifestation of AD. The neuroprotective effects of berberine in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been widely reported, exhibiting protective effects against risk factors associated with AD. In this study, we summarize and evaluate the effects of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in animal models of AD. Material and methods: Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to 1 June 2023. Risk of bias was assessed by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experiments (SYRCLE). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14.0 and Review Manger 5.4 software to calculate weighted standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), Morris water maze (MWM) test and β-amyloid precursor protein as outcome measures. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also assessed. Results: 19 studies involving 360 animals met the inclusion criteria, and the results of the meta-analysis showed that berberine decreased escape latency (SMD = -2.19, 95% CI: (-2.50, -1.88), p < 0.00001), increased the number of platform crossings (SMD = 4.27, 95% CI (3.38, 5.17), p < 0.00001), time in the target quadrant (SMD = 5.92, 95% CI (4.43, 7.41), p < 0.00001) and APP expression (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: (0.25, 1.21), p = 0.003). Conclusion: Berberine can regulate APP expression and improve cognitive function in animal models of AD, and the mechanism may be related to the involvement of berberine in APP processing and influence the expression of its related factors. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, CRD42023437445.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yang Liu
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao-Xi He
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Collaborative Innovation Center for Elderly Care and Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Sharma S, Mehan S, Khan Z, Gupta GD, Narula AS. Icariin prevents methylmercury-induced experimental neurotoxicity: Evidence from cerebrospinal fluid, blood plasma, brain samples, and in-silico investigations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24050. [PMID: 38226245 PMCID: PMC10788811 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes significant neurodegeneration. Methylmercury (MeHg+) is a neurotoxin that induces axonal neurodegeneration and motor nerve degeneration by destroying oligodendrocytes, degenerating white matter, inducing apoptosis, excitotoxicity, and reducing myelin basic protein (MBP). This study examines the inhibition of SIRT-1 (silence information regulator 1), Nrf-2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2), HO-1 (heme oxygenase 1), and TDP-43 (TAR-DNA-binding protein 43) accumulation in the context of ALS, as well as the modulation of these proteins by icariin (15 and 30 mg/kg, orally), a glycoside flavonoid with neuroprotective properties. Neuroprotective icariin activates SIRT-1, Nrf-2, and HO-1, mitigating inflammation and neuronal injury in neurodegenerative disorders. In-vivo and in-silico testing of experimental ALS models confirmed icariin efficacy in modulating these cellular targets. The addition of sirtinol 10 mg/kg, an inhibitor of SIRT-1, helps determine the effectiveness of icariin. In this study, we also examined neurobehavioral, neurochemical, histopathological, and LFB (Luxol fast blue) markers in various biological samples, including Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood plasma, and brain homogenates (Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, Striatum, mid-brain, and Cerebellum). These results demonstrate that the administration of icariin ameliorates experimental ALS and that the mechanism underlying these benefits is likely related to regulating the SIRT-1, Nrf-2, and HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Sharma
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Zuber Khan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam Das Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
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Congcong X, Yuanyuan Y, Caixia L, Yazhen S. The Effects and Mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Stems and Leaves Flavonoids on Myelin Sheath Degeneration Induced by Composite Aβ in Rats. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:504-511. [PMID: 37218194 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230510103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, and its characteristic pathological changes are closely associated with Aβ deposition and neurofibrillary tangles. Many studies have found that malignant changes in the myelin sheath and oligodendrocyte (OL) are accompanied by the occurrence and development of AD. Therefore, any method that can resist myelin sheath and OL disorders may be a potential strategy for AD. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stem and leaf flavonoids (SSFs) on the myelin sheath degeneration induced by Aβ25-35 combined with AlC13 and RHTGF-β1 (composite Aβ) in rats. METHODS A rat AD model was established by intracerebroventricular injection of composite Aβ. The Morris water maze was used to screen the memory impairment rat model. The successful model rats were divided into the model group and the 35, 70, and 140 mg/kg SSFS groups. The myelin sheath changes in the cerebral cortex were observed with an electron microscope. The expression of the oligodendrocyte- specific protein claudin 11 was detected with immunohistochemistry. The protein expression levels of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and myelin basic protein (MBP), sphingomyelin synthase-1 (SMS1), and sphingomyelinase-2 (SMPD2) were assayed by Western blotting. RESULTS The intracerebroventricular injection of composite Aβ caused degeneration of the myelin sheath structure and was accompanied by the decreased claudin 11, MOG, MAG, MBP, and SMS1, and increased SMPD2 protein expression in the cerebral cortex. However, 35, 70, and 140 mg/kg SSFs can differentially ameliorate the above abnormal changes induced by composite Aβ. CONCLUSION SSFs can alleviate myelin sheath degeneration and increase the protein expression of claudin 11, MOG, MAG, and MBP, and the effective mechanism may be related to the positive regulation of SMS1 and SMPD2 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Congcong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, PR China
| | - Ye Yuanyuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, PR China
| | - Li Caixia
- The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050011, PR China
| | - Shang Yazhen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, 067000, PR China
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Wang D, Zheng J, Sun X, Xie L, Yang Y. Study on the Pharmacological Mechanism of Icariin for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Techniques. Metabolites 2023; 14:1. [PMID: 38276291 PMCID: PMC10820555 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the pharmacological mechanism of icariin (ICA) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on network pharmacology and network molecular docking technology. In order to investigate the regulatory effect of ICA on the expression level of AD pathological phosphorylation regulatory proteins, this study further explored the possible molecular mechanism of ICA regulating AD autophagy through network pharmacology. Macromolecular docking network was verified by Autodock Vina 1.1.2 software. The main active ingredients of ICA, the physicochemical properties, and pharmacokinetic information of ICA were predicted using online databases and relevant information. The results showed that the targets of MAPK3, AKT1, HSP90AA1, ESR1, and HSP90AA1 were more critical in the treatment of AD. Autophagy, apoptosis, senescence factors, phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (P13K/AKT) signaling pathway, MAKP, mTOR, and other pathways were significantly associated with AD. Docking of ICA with HIF-1, BNIP3, PINK1, and Parkin pathway molecules showed that the key targets of the signaling pathway were more stably bound to ICA, which may provide a better pathway for ICA to regulate autophagy by providing a better pathway. ICA can improve AD, and its mechanism may be related to the P13K/AKT, MAKP, and mTOR signaling pathways, thereby regulating autophagy-related proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Wang
- College of Police Dog Technology, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang 110854, China; (D.W.); (J.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Jilong Zheng
- College of Police Dog Technology, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang 110854, China; (D.W.); (J.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Xingsheng Sun
- College of Police Dog Technology, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang 110854, China; (D.W.); (J.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
| | - Liuwei Xie
- College of Police Dog Technology, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang 110854, China; (D.W.); (J.Z.); (X.S.); (L.X.)
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110031, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110031, China
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Chen L, Zhen Y, Wang X, Wang J, Zhu G. Neurovascular glial unit: A target of phytotherapy for cognitive impairments. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:155009. [PMID: 37573807 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurovascular glial unit (NVGU) dysfunction has been reported to be an early and critical event in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD). Although herbal medicines, with their favorable safety profiles and low adverse effects, have been suggested to be useful for the treatment of cognitive impairment, the potential role of the NVGU as the target of the effects of herbal medicines is still unclear. PURPOSE This review aimed to retrieve evidence from experimental studies of phytopharmaceuticals targeting the NVGU for the treatment of cognitive impairment in AD and VD, and discussed the potential of phytopharmaceuticals to improve cognitive impairment from the perspective of the NVGU. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CNKI. The keywords used for searching information on the NVGU in the treatment of cognitive impairments included "Alzheimer's disease," "Vascular dementia," "Herbal medicines," "Natural products," "Neurovascular," "Adverse reaction," and "Toxicity, etc." We selected studies on the basis of predefined eligibility criteria. RESULTS NVGU mainly consists of endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and neurons, and damage to these cells can induce cognitive impairment by impairing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) as well as neuronal function. The active components of herbal medicines, including Ginkgo biloba L., Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Epimedium Folium, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Carthami flos, and Acorus tatarinowii Schott, as well as traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions have shown the potential to improve BBB function and increase CBF to prevent cognitive impairment by inhibiting astrocyte and microglia activation, protecting oligodendrocyte myelin function, reducing neuronal apoptosis, and promoting angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Herbal medicines demonstrate great potential to prevent cognitive impairment. Multiple components from herbal medicines may function through different signaling pathways to target the NVGU. Future studies using novel drug-carrier or delivery systems targeting the NVGU will certainly facilitate the development of phytopharmaceuticals for AD and VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yilan Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xuncui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Jingji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; The Second Affiliation Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230061, China.
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Brain diseases), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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Sharma HS, Feng L, Muresanu DF, Tian ZR, Lafuente JV, Buzoianu AD, Nozari A, Bryukhovetskiy I, Manzhulo I, Wiklund L, Sharma A. Stress induced exacerbation of Alzheimer's disease brain pathology is thwarted by co-administration of nanowired cerebrolysin and monoclonal amyloid beta peptide antibodies with serotonin 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB-399885. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 171:3-46. [PMID: 37783559 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the devastating neurodegenerative diseases affecting mankind worldwide with advancing age mainly above 65 years and above causing great misery of life. About more than 7 millions are affected with Alzheimer's disease in America in 2023 resulting in huge burden on health care system and care givers and support for the family. However, no suitable therapeutic measures are available at the moment to enhance quality of life to these patients. Development of Alzheimer's disease may reflect the stress burden of whole life inculcating the disease processes of these neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system. Thus, new strategies using nanodelivery of suitable drug therapy including antibodies are needed in exploring neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease brain pathology. In this chapter role of stress in exacerbating Alzheimer's disease brain pathology is explored and treatment strategies are examined using nanotechnology based on our own investigation. Our observations clearly show that restraint stress significantly exacerbate Alzheimer's disease brain pathology and nanodelivery of a multimodal drug cerebrolysin together with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to amyloid beta peptide (AβP) together with a serotonin 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB399885 significantly thwarted Alzheimer's disease brain pathology exacerbated by restraint stress, not reported earlier. The possible mechanisms and future clinical significance is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Dept. of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Zhongshan Road (West), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. China
| | - Dafin F Muresanu
- Dept. Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Mircea Eliade Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Z Ryan Tian
- Dept. Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- LaNCE, Dept. Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Anca D Buzoianu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ala Nozari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University, Albany str, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Igor Bryukhovetskiy
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia; Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Igor Manzhulo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Dept. of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Dept. of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Zheng L, Wu S, Jin H, Wu J, Wang X, Cao Y, Zhou Z, Jiang Y, Li L, Yang X, Shen Q, Guo S, Shen Y, Li C, Ji L. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of icariin in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154890. [PMID: 37229892 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Icariin (ICA) is the main active component of Epimedium, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), known to enhance cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to investigate and summarize the mechanisms through which ICA treats AD. METHODS The PubMed and CNKI databases were utilized to review the advancements in ICA's role in AD prevention and treatment by analyzing literature published between January 2005 and April 2023. To further illustrate ICA's impact on AD development, tables, and images are included to summarize the relationships between various mechanisms. RESULTS The study reveals that ICA ameliorates cognitive deficits in AD model mice by modulating Aβ via multiple pathways, including BACE-1, NO/cGMP, Wnt/Ca2+, and PI3K/Akt signaling. ICA exhibits neuroprotective properties by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis through the suppression of ER stress in AD mice, potentially linked to NF-κB, MAPK, ERK, and PERK/Eif2α signaling pathways. Moreover, ICA may safeguard neurons by attenuating mitochondrial oxidative stress injury. ICA can also enhance learning, memory, and cognition by improving synaptic structure via regulation of the PSD-95 protein. Furthermore, ICA can mitigate neuroinflammation by inactivating microglial activity through the upregulation of PPARγ, TAK1/IKK/NF-κB, and JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSION This study indicates that ICA possesses multiple beneficial effects in AD treatment. Through the integration of pharmacological and molecular biological research, ICA may emerge as a promising candidate to expedite the advancement of TCM in the clinical management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Sichen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Haichao Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaole Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yuxiao Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Zhihao Zhou
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Yaona Jiang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Linhong Li
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Qing Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Zhejiang Province Joint Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing, Institute of Seafood, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
| | - Shunyuan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuejian Shen
- Hangzhou Linping Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linping, Hangzhou 311106, China.
| | - Changyu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Liting Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Liu B, Lv LL, Liu P, Xu YY, Guo M, Liu J, Shi JS. Proteomic analysis of anti-aging effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. alkaloids in aging-accelerated SAMP8 mice. Exp Gerontol 2023; 177:112198. [PMID: 37150330 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice exhibit cognitive defects and neuron loss with aging, and were used to study anti-aging effects of Dendrobium nobile alkaloids (DNLA). DNLA (20 and 40 mg/kg) were orally administered to SAMP8 mice from 6 to 10 months of age. At 10-month of age, behavioral tests via Y-maze and Open-field and neuron damage via Nissl staining were evaluated. Protein was extracted and subjected to phosphorylated proteomic analysis followed by bioinformatic analysis. The cognitive deficits and neuron loss in hippocampus and cortex of aged SAMP8 mice were improved by DNLA. Hippocampal proteomic analysis revealed 196 differentially expressed protein/genes in SAMP8 compared to age-matched senescence-accelerated resistant SAMR1 mice. Gene Oncology enriched the tubulin binding, microtubule binding, and other activities. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) revealed endocytosis, mRNA surveillance, tight junction, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, and glucagon signaling pathway changes. Upregulated protein/genes in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mice, such as Lmtk3, Usp10, Dzip1, Csnk2b, and Rtn1, were attenuated by DNLA; whereas downregulated protein/genes, such as Kctd16, Psd3, Bsn, Atxn2l, and Kif1a, were rescued by DNLA. The aberrant protein/gene expressions of SAMP8 mice were correlated with transcriptome changes of Alzheimer's disease in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and the scores were attenuated by DNLA. Thus, DNLA improved cognitive dysfunction and ameliorated neuronal injury in aged SAMP8 mice, and attenuated aberrant protein/gene expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Ling-Li Lv
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Guizhou Health Vocational College, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Yun-Yan Xu
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mian Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Lab for Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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10
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Sharp FR, DeCarli CS, Jin LW, Zhan X. White matter injury, cholesterol dysmetabolism, and APP/Abeta dysmetabolism interact to produce Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology: A hypothesis and review. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1096206. [PMID: 36845656 PMCID: PMC9950279 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1096206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We postulate that myelin injury contributes to cholesterol release from myelin and cholesterol dysmetabolism which contributes to Abeta dysmetabolism, and combined with genetic and AD risk factors, leads to increased Abeta and amyloid plaques. Increased Abeta damages myelin to form a vicious injury cycle. Thus, white matter injury, cholesterol dysmetabolism and Abeta dysmetabolism interact to produce or worsen AD neuropathology. The amyloid cascade is the leading hypothesis for the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The failure of clinical trials based on this hypothesis has raised other possibilities. Even with a possible new success (Lecanemab), it is not clear whether this is a cause or a result of the disease. With the discovery in 1993 that the apolipoprotein E type 4 allele (APOE4) was the major risk factor for sporadic, late-onset AD (LOAD), there has been increasing interest in cholesterol in AD since APOE is a major cholesterol transporter. Recent studies show that cholesterol metabolism is intricately involved with Abeta (Aβ)/amyloid transport and metabolism, with cholesterol down-regulating the Aβ LRP1 transporter and upregulating the Aβ RAGE receptor, both of which would increase brain Aβ. Moreover, manipulating cholesterol transport and metabolism in rodent AD models can ameliorate pathology and cognitive deficits, or worsen them depending upon the manipulation. Though white matter (WM) injury has been noted in AD brain since Alzheimer's initial observations, recent studies have shown abnormal white matter in every AD brain. Moreover, there is age-related WM injury in normal individuals that occurs earlier and is worse with the APOE4 genotype. Moreover, WM injury precedes formation of plaques and tangles in human Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) and precedes plaque formation in rodent AD models. Restoring WM in rodent AD models improves cognition without affecting AD pathology. Thus, we postulate that the amyloid cascade, cholesterol dysmetabolism and white matter injury interact to produce and/or worsen AD pathology. We further postulate that the primary initiating event could be related to any of the three, with age a major factor for WM injury, diet and APOE4 and other genes a factor for cholesterol dysmetabolism, and FAD and other genes for Abeta dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charles S. DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, The MIND Institute, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Neurology, The MIND Institute, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Xinhua Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The MIND Institute, University of California at Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States
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11
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Varesi A, Campagnoli LIM, Carrara A, Pola I, Floris E, Ricevuti G, Chirumbolo S, Pascale A. Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants against Alzheimer's Disease: Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010180. [PMID: 36671042 PMCID: PMC9855271 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline. Although substantial research has been conducted to elucidate the complex pathophysiology of AD, the therapeutic approach still has limited efficacy in clinical practice. Oxidative stress (OS) has been established as an early driver of several age-related diseases, including neurodegeneration. In AD, increased levels of reactive oxygen species mediate neuronal lipid, protein, and nucleic acid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic damage, and inflammation. Thus, the identification of novel antioxidant molecules capable of detecting, preventing, and counteracting AD onset and progression is of the utmost importance. However, although several studies have been published, comprehensive and up-to-date overviews of the principal anti-AD agents harboring antioxidant properties remain scarce. In this narrative review, we summarize the role of vitamins, minerals, flavonoids, non-flavonoids, mitochondria-targeting molecules, organosulfur compounds, and carotenoids as non-enzymatic antioxidants with AD diagnostic, preventative, and therapeutic potential, thereby offering insights into the relationship between OS and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Varesi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Adelaide Carrara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pola
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Floris
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ricevuti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Alessia Pascale
- Department of Drug Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
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12
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You M, Yuan P, Li L, Xu H. HIF-1 signalling pathway was identified as a potential new pathway for Icariin's treatment against Alzheimer's disease based on preclinical evidence and bioinformatics. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1066819. [PMID: 36532735 PMCID: PMC9751333 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1066819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that is characterized by the gradual loss of memory and cognitive function. Icariin, which is a natural chemical isolated from Epimedii herba, has been shown to protect against AD. This research examined the potential mechanisms of Icariin's treatment against AD via a comprehensive review of relevant preclinical studies coupled with network pharmacology. Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, WANFANG, and VIP databases were used to identify the relevant studies. The pharmacological characteristics of Icariin were determined using the SwissADME and TCMSP databases. The overlapping targets of Icariin and AD were then utilized to conduct disease oncology (DO) analysis to identify possible hub targets of Icariin in the treatment of AD. The hub targets were then used for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses, and the interactions of the targets and Icariin were assessed via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). Results: According to the literature review, Icariin alleviates cognitive impairment by regulating the expression of Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, BACE1, tau, hyperphosphorylated tau, and inflammatory mediators. DO analysis revealed 35 AD-related hub targets, and the HIF-1 signalling pathway was ranked first according to the KEGG pathway analysis. Icariin effectively docked with the 35 hub targets and HIF-1α, and the dynamic binding of the HIF-1-Icariin complex within 100 ns indicated that Icariin contributed to the stability of HIF-1α. Conclusion: In conclusion, our research used a literature review and network pharmacology methods to identify the HIF-1 signalling pathway as a potential pathway for Icariin's treatment against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongbei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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13
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Benitez A, Jensen JH, Thorn K, Dhiman S, Fountain-Zaragoza S, Rieter WJ, Spampinato MV, Hamlett ED, Nietert PJ, Falangola MDF, Helpern JA. Greater diffusion restriction in white matter in Preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 2022; 91:864-877. [PMID: 35285067 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Alzheimer's Continuum is biologically defined by beta-amyloid deposition which, at the earliest stages, is superimposed upon white matter degeneration in aging. However, the extent to which these co-occurring changes are characterized is relatively under-explored. The goal of this study was to use Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) and biophysical modeling to detect and describe amyloid-related white matter changes in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS Cognitively unimpaired participants ages 45-85 completed brain MRI, amyloid PET (florbetapir), neuropsychological testing, and other clinical measures at baseline in a cohort study. We tested whether beta amyloid-negative (AB-) and -positive (AB+) participants differed on DKI-based conventional (i.e. Fractional Anisotropy [FA], Mean Diffusivity [MD], Mean Kurtosis [MK]) and modeling (i.e. Axonal Water Fraction [AWF], extra-axonal radial diffusivity [De,⊥ ]) metrics, and whether these metrics were associated with other biomarkers. RESULTS We found significantly greater diffusion restriction (higher FA/AWF, lower MD/ De,⊥ ) in white matter in AB+ than AB- (partial η2 = 0.08-0.19), more notably in the extra-axonal space within primarily late-myelinating tracts. Diffusion metrics predicted amyloid status incrementally over age (AUC=0.84) with modest yet selective associations, where AWF (a marker of axonal density) correlated with speed/executive functions and neurodegeneration, whereas De,⊥ (a marker of gliosis/myelin repair) correlated with amyloid deposition and white matter hyperintensity volume. INTERPRETATION These results support prior evidence of a non-monotonic change in diffusion behavior, where an early increase in diffusion restriction is hypothesized to reflect inflammation and myelin repair prior to an ensuing decrease in diffusion restriction, indicating glial and neuronal degeneration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreana Benitez
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jens H Jensen
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kathryn Thorn
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Siddhartha Dhiman
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Stephanie Fountain-Zaragoza
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - William J Rieter
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maria Vittoria Spampinato
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Eric D Hamlett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Paul J Nietert
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maria de Fatima Falangola
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Joseph A Helpern
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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