1
|
Chiong MAD, Labisig HG, Espares BB, Ceniza HC, Basas AA. A Post-reflective Examination of the Physical and Mental Health Suffering During COVID-19 Through the Lens of Christ's Kenotic and Redemptive Act. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02107-3. [PMID: 39164566 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 global pandemic has brought unprecedented physical and mental health challenges to many, making the exploration of the spiritual dimension of suffering increasingly meaningful and relevant. Pope John Paul II's theologico-pastoral approach in Salvifici Doloris (SD) sheds light on how spiritual reflections and pastoral care anchored on the theology of Jesus Christ's sufferings can be put together to contribute to post-COVID-19 reflections. Given this context, this paper explores the perceptions and coping mechanisms of COVID-19 patients as they navigate the challenges of their illness. By examining patient experiences gleaned from medical and scientific journals, the study underscores the necessity of supporting individuals suffering from various diseases. As John Paul II thoughtfully remarks in Salvifici Doloris, there is a profound need to address patients' inquiries about "the cause, the reason, and equally, the purpose of suffering, and, in brief, a question about its meaning." Taking this into account, this paper contextualizes the theology of suffering articulated by Pope John Paul II in SD within the experiences of patients who contracted COVID-19 during the global pandemic. To embark on this discussion, the following themes about suffering are expounded: First, Insights into the Weight of Suffering Among Persons who Contracted COVID-19. Second, Understanding of Suffering in Salvifici Doloris, and Third, The Salvific Meaning of Suffering in COVID-19 and its Transformative Experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Anne D Chiong
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.
- University of Santo Tomas, Espana Blvd, Sampaloc, Metro Manila, Manila, 1008, Philippines.
| | - Hansson G Labisig
- Institute of Religion, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | - Benjohn B Espares
- Institute of Religion, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Allan A Basas
- Institute of Religion, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Adeleye KK, Ogungbe O, Chutiyami M, Iradukunda F. Pregnancy loss among Muslim women: A narrative review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES ADVANCES 2024; 6:100205. [PMID: 38827821 PMCID: PMC11141144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnsa.2024.100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diversity in spirituality, religion, and cultural norms among women leads to varying attitudes, grieving processes, and coping mechanisms after a pregnancy loss. Despite this, there is a limited understanding of grief, coping mechanisms, and mental health outcomes following pregnancy loss among Muslim women. Objectives This study aims to examine the impact of religion, spirituality, and faith communities on the psychological health of Muslim women during pregnancy loss. Method We systematically searched six databases with the key concepts, 'pregnancy loss' and 'Muslim women,' in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, APA PsycINFO, and Academic Search. The search strategy was developed in line with the PCOT framework: Population - Muslim Women with "pregnancy loss," "miscarriage," "stillbirth, Context - "religion," faith, "spirituality," "faith communities," Outcome - "religious practices," perception, coping mechanism, "psychological health."Studies were screened, their quality appraised, and narratively sized in line with the review aim. The review protocol was registered at Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/52QTA. Result Findings from the reviewed articles addressed the following themes: (a) Overwhelming Grief and Loss, (b) social isolation and stigmatization, (c) impact on mental health, and (d) trust in divine destiny. Islamic beliefs were strongly featured in how Muslim women processed pregnancy loss. Concepts such as tawakkul and yaqeen (trusting and certainty) were used to interpret pregnancy loss, with many women acknowledging that their Islamic faith eased the sorrow of pregnancy loss, facilitated acceptance, and strengthened their Islamic belief system. Conclusion This review revealed that there is limited information on Muslim women's experience of pregnancy loss. Professionals helping Muslim women dealing with the grief of pregnancy loss need to be aware that spirituality and faith communities play a major role in shaping their coping mechanisms. Future studies on the development of culturally congruent bereavement care models and supportive interventions for Muslim women facing pregnancy loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadijat K. Adeleye
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing University of Massachusetts, Amherst, United States
| | - Oluwabunmi Ogungbe
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Muhammad Chutiyami
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Favorite Iradukunda
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing University of Massachusetts, Amherst, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moya-Salazar J, Soto E, Cañari B, Goicochea EA, Zuñiga N, Jaime-Quispe A, Contreras-Pulache H. Prolonged grief in relatives of deceased patients due to COVID-19 is associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms: A survey-based study in Peru. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241245069. [PMID: 38628305 PMCID: PMC11020738 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241245069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Funeral practices have undergone significant changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the death of a family member from this disease has altered the typical course of the bereavement process. Therefore, this study seeks to determine the relationship between the levels of grief, anxiety, and depression in relatives of patients who died from COVID-19 in Peru. Methods A total of 250 volunteers were obtained, but after applying the inclusion criteria and not being able to contact five of them, the sample consisted of 115 participants over 18 years of age who lost a family member to COVID-19 between 2020 and 2021. They developed the Prolonged Grief Questionnaire-13 and the Zung Anxiety and Depression Questionnaires, in virtual surveys using Google FormTM (Google, CA). Results Our analysis revealed that all cases of anxiety (18.3%) were present in individuals experiencing prolonged grief (76.5%), while 49.5% (57/115) of participants exhibited symptoms of depression. Furthermore, we identified a significant association between prolonged grief and both anxiety (p = 0.005) and depression (p < 0.001). Prolonged grief predominantly affected females (45.2%) and individuals aged 31-40 years (28.7%) (p < 0.001). Regarding predictors of anxiety symptoms, we found that both age group (p = 0.035) and grief (p < 0.001) played significant roles. Gender (p = 0.019) and grief (p < 0.001) emerged as predictors of depression, while gender alone predicted grief in relatives of individuals who succumbed to COVID-19 (p = 0.019). Conclusion Our results suggest a clear association between prolonged grief and mental health issues among relatives of COVID-19 patients who have passed away. Consequently, it is imperative to provide comprehensive psychological and spiritual support throughout the grieving process, aiming to mitigate the negative impact of traumatic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeel Moya-Salazar
- Digital Transformation Center, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | - Elizabeth Soto
- Faculties of Health Science, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | - Betsy Cañari
- Faculties of Health Science, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | - Eliane A Goicochea
- Faculties of Health Science, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - Nahomi Zuñiga
- Faculties of Health Science, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | - Alexis Jaime-Quispe
- Faculties of Health Science, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moya-Salazar J, Cañari B, Zuñiga N, Jaime-Quispe A, Contreras-Pulache H. The End of Life Accompanied by COVID-19: A Qualitative Study on Changes in Behavior and Stigmatization of the Grieving Families in Peru (Part II). OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231212655. [PMID: 37934453 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231212655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 has led to changes in every aspect of life and death. In Peru, where the longest quarantine has occurred with suboptimal results, the rituals have been turned around, impacting the relatives in multiple aspects. Here, we used a qualitative approach to analyze unresolved grief, hygiene changes, and stigma through semi-structured, online (Google Meet) interviews with 15 participants aged 20-72, who had lost family members to COVID-19. The recorded and transcribed interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Most participants had unresolved grief due to the blocking of funeral rituals, which could predispose them to prolonged mourning. After the loss of relatives, hygiene measures will be improved to avoid infections and new deaths in every family, while most participants felt no stigma in their milieu, since their relatives accompanied them during the funeral, supporting them from afar. It is important that interventions are implemented to prevent the progression of grief by providing mental health opportunities for the bereaved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeel Moya-Salazar
- Digital Transformation Center, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica Del Perú, Lima, Peru
| | - Betsy Cañari
- Digital Transformation Center, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | - Nahomi Zuñiga
- Digital Transformation Center, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | - Alexis Jaime-Quispe
- Digital Transformation Center, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Palazzo L, Pizzolato L, Rigo M, Bondì G. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Its Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study with Thematic Analysis of Patients and Caregivers Who Participated in Self-Help Groups. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:822. [PMID: 37887472 PMCID: PMC10604104 DOI: 10.3390/bs13100822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study employs a qualitative methodology to explore the effects of the pandemic on the lives of ALS patients and their caregivers. It aims to understand whether and how online self-help groups have assisted families dealing with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. ALS is a neurodegenerative disease with both physical and psychosocial implications. Consequently, it significantly affects the lives of patients' caregivers. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this situation. The results show that the pandemic has had a negative impact on the well-being of ALS caregivers and patients. Furthermore, bereavement and death were dealt with in different ways by the families involved. The pandemic aggravated the health of ALS patients and increased the workload of their caregivers; however, online psychological support was appreciated for its role in providing emotional help and diminishing social isolation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Palazzo
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (M.R.); (G.B.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Testoni I, Palazzo L, Iacona E, Segalla O, Pizzolato L, Rigo M, Ferrari L. Exploring Emotions Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic through Death Education: A Qualitative Study at Italian Primary Schools. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:1920-1936. [PMID: 37754478 PMCID: PMC10528353 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13090139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of individuals, families, and children worldwide. In Italy, the implementation of measures such as lockdowns and distance learning in schools affected the mental health of children and families. METHODS This article employs a qualitative method to explore the efficacy of a death education project that aimed to help primary school children process the emotions and losses that they experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study encompassed both the children who took part in the death education project and their teachers and parents to investigate their perspectives on the emotions of the minors and the effectiveness of the project. RESULTS Distance learning posed challenges for the learning process and exacerbated social inequalities. The children suffered from limited social contact with their friends and experienced negative emotions, including anger, fear, and concern for the health of their loved ones. The death education project provided a safe space for children's emotional expression and facilitated their acquisition of coping strategies. Open communication between adults and children about illness and death proved effective in mitigating the psychological impacts of loss and preventing traumatic bereavement. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the utility of death education in enhancing children's ability to express their emotions and approach the topic of death more frankly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Testoni
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (E.I.); (O.S.); (L.P.); (M.R.); (L.F.)
- Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Lorenza Palazzo
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (E.I.); (O.S.); (L.P.); (M.R.); (L.F.)
| | - Erika Iacona
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (E.I.); (O.S.); (L.P.); (M.R.); (L.F.)
| | - Ottavia Segalla
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (E.I.); (O.S.); (L.P.); (M.R.); (L.F.)
| | - Laura Pizzolato
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (E.I.); (O.S.); (L.P.); (M.R.); (L.F.)
| | - Matteo Rigo
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (E.I.); (O.S.); (L.P.); (M.R.); (L.F.)
| | - Lea Ferrari
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Pedagogy and Applied Psychology (FISPPA), University of Padova, 35139 Padova, Italy; (L.P.); (E.I.); (O.S.); (L.P.); (M.R.); (L.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ekpechu OAJ, Nwosu AI, Okoro NF, Onuoha OO, Ololo KO, Eyisi EC, Orakwe EC, Ukah J, Aro G, Njemanze VC, Okoronkwo E, Bukola PT, Durueke NC, Seh TC. Survey of the Relationship Between Online Committee of Friends Meetings, Burials, and Coping With Bereavement Among Nigerians in Ebonyi State. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231199789. [PMID: 37647571 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231199789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Online committee of friends meeting is a new trend in Nigeria. There is a continuous online interaction that goes on among the group members. The qualitative research design was used to carry out the study. The unstructured interview method was used to get information from the study participants. It was found among other things that the bereaved read, digest and accept the online condolence messages which serve as a coping tool to the loss of the loved one. Online COF is also a veritable tool in soliciting for and raising funds from online to facilitate the burial of loved ones owing to rising cost of conducting burials in Nigeria. It was concluded that coping with death is achieved in online COF through formation of whatsapp group, condolence messaging, friends digestion of information and acceptance of the pieces of advice raised and as divine will which comes when it will.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan Ukah
- Sociology Department, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Gilbert Aro
- Political Science Department, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Ethelbert Okoronkwo
- Sociology Department, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Nwabugo Chima Durueke
- Economics and Development Studies, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Takob Clementine Seh
- Sociology Department, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee HJ, Lee DH, Lee DH, Kim JY. Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Expanded: Factor Structure, Test-Retest Reliability, and Validity in Trauma-Exposed and Bereaved Adults. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231177847. [PMID: 37220767 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231177847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is a positive psychological change experienced after trauma and it has gained global recognition in recent years. The present study aimed to validate a South Korean version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Expanded (K-PTGI-X) for use with trauma-exposed and bereaved samples. A national sample comprising South Korean adults was used for the analysis. As a result, the 4-factor bi-factor model was best supported in both the trauma and bereaved groups in terms of personal strength, new possibilities, spiritual-existential change, and being able to relate to others. Additionally, the K-PTGI-X showed satisfying reliability, concurrent validity, and discriminant validity. Lastly, regarding the group differences, women showed higher rates of PTG than men and the bereaved group exhibited higher spiritual and existential growth in the PTG than the trauma group. Given these results, implications for adaptation in various fields when assessing and encouraging PTG in practical settings are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Deok Hee Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Yun Kim
- Department of Wesley Creative Convergence, Hyupsung University, Hwaseong, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moya-Salazar J, Zuñiga N, Cañari B, Jaime-Quispe A, Chicoma-Flores K, Contreras-Pulache H. The End of Life Accompanied by COVID-19: A Qualitative Study on Grief During the First OutBreak In Peru (Part I). OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2022:302228221134424. [PMID: 36226870 PMCID: PMC9561526 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221134424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the massive deaths and high level of contagion brought about by COVID-19, burial practices and the way we bury our dead are being affected by SARS-CoV-2 confinement and control measures. Here, we aimed to examine the changing of death, dying, and mourning during the first wave and quarantine applied in Peru with the arrival of COVID-19 in 2020. Using a qualitative approach, 15 participants who lost a family member because of COVID-19 were interviewed by telephone and video call. Our results revealed that death in isolation, the loss of rituals, and the farewell to relatives have dramatically affected family members. Peruvian funeral practices were altered by health provisions, making it a challenge to accompany relatives at the end of life. This way of coping with death can affect family wellbeing, for which no interventions have yet been proposed to improve the quality of life during bereavement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeel Moya-Salazar
- School of Medicine, Faculties of
Health Science, Universidad Norbert
Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño
San Bartolomé, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | - Nahomi Zuñiga
- School of Medicine, Faculties of
Health Science, Universidad Norbert
Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | - Betsy Cañari
- School of Medicine, Faculties of
Health Science, Universidad Norbert
Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | - Alexis Jaime-Quispe
- School of Medicine, Faculties of
Health Science, Universidad Norbert
Wiener, Lima, Peru
- Qualitative Unit, Nesh Hubbs, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Hans Contreras-Pulache
- School of Medicine, Faculties of
Health Science, Universidad Norbert
Wiener, Lima, Peru
- South America Center for Education
and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert
Wiener, Lima, Peru
| |
Collapse
|