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Alexiev U, Rühl E. Visualization of Nanocarriers and Drugs in Cells and Tissue. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024; 284:153-189. [PMID: 37566121 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, the visualization of nanocarriers and drugs in cells and tissue is reviewed. This topic is tightly connected to modern drug delivery, which relies on nanoscopic drug formulation approaches and the ability to probe nanoparticulate systems selectively in cells and tissue using advanced spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. We first give an overview of the breadth of this research field. Then, we mainly focus on topical drug delivery to the skin and discuss selected visualization techniques from spectromicroscopy, such as scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging. These techniques rely on the sensitive and quantitative detection of the topically applied drug delivery systems and active substances, either by exploiting their molecular properties or by introducing environmentally sensitive probes that facilitate their detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Alexiev
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Eckart Rühl
- Physikalische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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2
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Álamo P, Pallarès V, Céspedes MV, Falgàs A, Sanchez JM, Serna N, Sánchez-García L, Voltà-Duràn E, Morris GA, Sánchez-Chardi A, Casanova I, Mangues R, Vazquez E, Villaverde A, Unzueta U. Fluorescent Dye Labeling Changes the Biodistribution of Tumor-Targeted Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111004. [PMID: 33105866 PMCID: PMC7690626 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent dye labeling is a common strategy to analyze the fate of administered nanoparticles in living organisms. However, to which extent the labeling processes can alter the original nanoparticle biodistribution has been so far neglected. In this work, two widely used fluorescent dye molecules, namely, ATTO488 (ATTO) and Sulfo-Cy5 (S-Cy5), have been covalently attached to a well-characterized CXCR4-targeted self-assembling protein nanoparticle (known as T22-GFP-H6). The biodistribution of labeled T22-GFP-H6-ATTO and T22-GFP-H6-S-Cy5 nanoparticles has been then compared to that of the non-labeled nanoparticle in different CXCR4+ tumor mouse models. We observed that while parental T22-GFP-H6 nanoparticles accumulated mostly and specifically in CXCR4+ tumor cells, labeled T22-GFP-H6-ATTO and T22-GFP-H6-S-Cy5 nanoparticles showed a dramatic change in the biodistribution pattern, accumulating in non-target organs such as liver or kidney while reducing tumor targeting capacity. Therefore, the use of such labeling molecules should be avoided in target and non-target tissue uptake studies during the design and development of targeted nanoscale drug delivery systems, since their effect over the fate of the nanomaterial can lead to considerable miss-interpretations of the actual nanoparticle biodistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Álamo
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (P.Á.); (V.P.); (M.V.C.); (A.F.); (I.C.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC Campus Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Pallarès
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (P.Á.); (V.P.); (M.V.C.); (A.F.); (I.C.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC Campus Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Virtudes Céspedes
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (P.Á.); (V.P.); (M.V.C.); (A.F.); (I.C.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
| | - Aïda Falgàs
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (P.Á.); (V.P.); (M.V.C.); (A.F.); (I.C.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC Campus Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julieta M. Sanchez
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- ICTA & Cátedra de Química Biológica, Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIBYT) (CONICET—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), FCEFyN, UNC. Av. Velez Sarsfield 1611, X 5016GCA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Naroa Serna
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-García
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Eric Voltà-Duràn
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gordon A. Morris
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Applied Science, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK;
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-Chardi
- Servei de Microscòpia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isolda Casanova
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (P.Á.); (V.P.); (M.V.C.); (A.F.); (I.C.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC Campus Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (P.Á.); (V.P.); (M.V.C.); (A.F.); (I.C.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC Campus Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.M.); or (A.V.); (U.U.)
| | - Esther Vazquez
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antonio Villaverde
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.M.); or (A.V.); (U.U.)
| | - Ugutz Unzueta
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Sant Antoni Mª Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; (P.Á.); (V.P.); (M.V.C.); (A.F.); (I.C.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), C/Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (N.S.); (L.S.-G.); (E.V.-D.); (E.V.)
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC Campus Sant Pau), 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.M.); or (A.V.); (U.U.)
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3
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Qi J, Hu X, Dong X, Lu Y, Lu H, Zhao W, Wu W. Towards more accurate bioimaging of drug nanocarriers: turning aggregation-caused quenching into a useful tool. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 143:206-225. [PMID: 31158405 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the current challenges in the monitoring of drug nanocarriers lies in the difficulties in discriminating the carrier-bound signals from the bulk signals of probes. Environment-responsive probes that enable signal switching are making steps towards a solution to this problem. Aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), a phenomenon generally regarded as unfavorable in bioimaging, has turned out to be a promising characteristic for achieving environment-responsiveness and eliminating free-probe interference. So-called ACQ probes emit fluorescence when dispersed molecularly within the carrier matrix but quench immediately and absolutely once they are released into the ambient aqueous environment upon the degradation of the nanocarriers. Therefore, the fluorescence observed represents integral nanocarriers. Based on this rationale, the in vivo fates of various nanocarriers have been explored using live imaging equipment, with very interesting findings revealing the role of the particles. The current applications are however restricted to nanocarriers with highly hydrophobic matrices (lipid or polyester nanoparticles) or with a hydrophobic core-hydrophilic shell structure (micelles). The ACQ-based bioimaging strategy is emerging as a promising tool to achieve more accurate bioimaging of drug nanocarriers. This review article provides an overview of the ACQ phenomenon and the rationale for and examples of applications, as well as the limitations of the ACQ-based strategy, with a focus on improving the accuracy of bioimaging of nanoparticles.
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Gómez-Vallejo V, Puigivila M, Plaza-García S, Szczupak B, Piñol R, Murillo JL, Sorribas V, Lou G, Veintemillas S, Ramos-Cabrer P, Llop J, Millán A. PEG-copolymer-coated iron oxide nanoparticles that avoid the reticuloendothelial system and act as kidney MRI contrast agents. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:14153-14164. [PMID: 29999506 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In vitro experiments have shown the great potential of magnetic nanocarriers for multimodal imaging diagnosis and non-invasive therapies. However, their extensive clinical application is still jeopardized by a fast retention in the reticuloendothelial system (RES). The other issue that restrains their potential performance is slow degradation and excretion, which increases their risks of toxicity. We report a promising case in which multicore iron oxide nanoparticles coated with a poly(4-vinylpyridine) polyethylene glycol copolymer show low RES retention and high urinary excretion, as confirmed by single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT), gamma counting, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electron microscopy (EM) biodistribution studies. These iron oxide-copolymer nanoparticles have a high PEG density in their coating which may be responsible for this effect. Moreover, they show a clear negative contrast in the MR imaging of the kidneys. These nanoparticles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of approximately 20 nm were nevertheless able to cross the glomerulus wall which has an effective pore size of approximately 6 nm. A transmission electron microscopy inspection of kidney tissue revealed the presence of iron containing nanoparticle clusters in proximal tubule cells. This therefore makes them exceptionally useful as magnetic nanocarriers and as new MRI contrast agents for the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - María Puigivila
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Department, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Sandra Plaza-García
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Department, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Boguslaw Szczupak
- Department of Telecommunications and Teleinformatics, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafael Piñol
- ICMA, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 10, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - José L Murillo
- ICMA, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 10, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Victor Sorribas
- Departamento de Toxicología, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gustavo Lou
- ICMA, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 10, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | | | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Department, Molecular Imaging Unit, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain. and Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jordi Llop
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Imaging Group, CIC biomaGUNE, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Angel Millán
- ICMA, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 10, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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Marianecci C, Rinaldi F, Hanieh PN, Di Marzio L, Paolino D, Carafa M. Drug delivery in overcoming the blood-brain barrier: role of nasal mucosal grafting. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:325-335. [PMID: 28184152 PMCID: PMC5291459 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s100075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a fundamental role in protecting and maintaining the homeostasis of the brain. For this reason, drug delivery to the brain is much more difficult than that to other compartments of the body. In order to bypass or cross the BBB, many strategies have been developed: invasive techniques, such as temporary disruption of the BBB or direct intraventricular and intracerebral administration of the drug, as well as noninvasive techniques. Preliminary results, reported in the large number of studies on the potential strategies for brain delivery, are encouraging, but it is far too early to draw any conclusion about the actual use of these therapeutic approaches. Among the most recent, but still pioneering, approaches related to the nasal mucosa properties, the permeabilization of the BBB via nasal mucosal engrafting can offer new potential opportunities. It should be emphasized that this surgical procedure is quite invasive, but the implication for patient outcome needs to be compared to the gold standard of direct intracranial injection, and evaluated whilst keeping in mind that central nervous system diseases and lysosomal storage diseases are chronic and severely debilitating and that up to now no therapy seems to be completely successful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Marianecci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Rinaldi
- Center for Life Nano Science@ Sapienza, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nadia Hanieh
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Di Marzio
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti, Italy
| | - Donatella Paolino
- IRC FSH-Interregional Research Center for Food Safety & Health, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, University of Catanzaro “Magna Græcia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Carafa
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
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Niu S, Zhang LK, Zhang L, Zhuang S, Zhan X, Chen WY, Du S, Yin L, You R, Li CH, Guan YQ. Inhibition by Multifunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles Loaded with Alpha-Synuclein RNAi Plasmid in a Parkinson's Disease Model. Theranostics 2017; 7:344-356. [PMID: 28042339 PMCID: PMC5197069 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lewy bodies are considered as the main pathological characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD). The major component of Lewy bodies is α-synuclein (α-syn). The use of gene therapy that targeting and effectively interfere with the expression of α-syn in neurons has received tremendous attention. In this study, we used magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with oleic acid molecules as a nano-carrier. N-isopropylacrylamide derivative (NIPAm-AA) was photo-immobilized onto the oleic acid molecules, and shRNA (short hairpin RNA) was absorbed. The same method was used to absorb nerve growth factor (NGF) to NIPAm-AA to specifically promote neuronal uptake via NGF receptor-mediated endocytosis. Additionally, shRNA plasmid could be released into neurons because of the temperature and pH sensitivity of NIPAm-AA interference with α-syn synthesis. We investigated apoptosis in neurons with abrogated α-syn expression in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that multifunctional superparamagnetic nanoparticles carrying shRNA for α-syn could provide effective repair in a PD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiqin Niu
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ling-Kun Zhang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Siyi Zhuang
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiuyu Zhan
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wu-Ya Chen
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Shiwei Du
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Liang Yin
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Rong You
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chu-Hua Li
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yan-Qing Guan
- School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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7
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Wackerlig J, Schirhagl R. Applications of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles and Their Advances toward Industrial Use: A Review. Anal Chem 2015; 88:250-61. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Wackerlig
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14 (UZA2), A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AW Groningen, Netherlands
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8
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Hsieh CT, Ötvös SB, Wu YC, Mándity IM, Chang FR, Fülöp F. Highly Selective Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Potentially Bioactive Deuterated Chalcone Derivatives. Chempluschem 2015; 80:859-864. [PMID: 31973339 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201402426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The selective synthesis of various dideuterochalcones as potentially bioactive deuterium-labeled products is presented, by means of the highly controlled partial deuteration of antidiabetic chalcone derivatives. The benefits of continuous-flow processing in combination with on-demand electrolytic D2 gas generation has been exploited to avoid over-reaction to undesired side products and to achieve selective deuterium addition to the carbon-carbon double bond of the starting enones without the need for unconventional catalysts or expensive special reagents. The roles of pressure, temperature, and residence time proved crucial for the fine-tuning of the sensitive balance between the product selectivity and the reaction rate. The presented flow-chemistry-based deuteration technique lacks most of the drawbacks of the classical batch methods, and is convenient, time- and cost-efficient, and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged (Hungary)
| | - Sándor B Ötvös
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged (Hungary).,MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged (Hungary)
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - István M Mándity
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged (Hungary)
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan (R.O.C.).,Research Center for Natural Products and New Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Ferenc Fülöp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged (Hungary).,MTA-SZTE Stereochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged (Hungary)
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9
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Chiarelli PA, Kievit FM, Zhang M, Ellenbogen RG. Bionanotechnology and the future of glioma. Surg Neurol Int 2015; 6:S45-58. [PMID: 25722933 PMCID: PMC4338483 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.151334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Designer nanoscaled materials have the potential to revolutionize diagnosis and treatment for glioma. This review summarizes current progress in nanoparticle-based therapies for glioma treatment including targeting, drug delivery, gene delivery, and direct tumor ablation. Preclinical and current human clinical trials are discussed. Although progress in the field has been significant over the past decade, many successful strategies demonstrated in the laboratory have yet to be implemented in human clinical trials. Looking forward, we provide examples of combined treatment strategies, which harness the potential for nanoparticles to interact with their biochemical environment, and simultaneously with externally applied photons or magnetic fields. We present our notion of the "ideal" nanoparticle for glioma, a concept that may soon be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Chiarelli
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Forrest M Kievit
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA ; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Richard G Ellenbogen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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10
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Ostrowski A, Nordmeyer D, Boreham A, Holzhausen C, Mundhenk L, Graf C, Meinke MC, Vogt A, Hadam S, Lademann J, Rühl E, Alexiev U, Gruber AD. Overview about the localization of nanoparticles in tissue and cellular context by different imaging techniques. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:263-80. [PMID: 25671170 PMCID: PMC4311646 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The increasing interest and recent developments in nanotechnology pose previously unparalleled challenges in understanding the effects of nanoparticles on living tissues. Despite significant progress in in vitro cell and tissue culture technologies, observations on particle distribution and tissue responses in whole organisms are still indispensable. In addition to a thorough understanding of complex tissue responses which is the domain of expert pathologists, the localization of particles at their sites of interaction with living structures is essential to complete the picture. In this review we will describe and compare different imaging techniques for localizing inorganic as well as organic nanoparticles in tissues, cells and subcellular compartments. The visualization techniques include well-established methods, such as standard light, fluorescence, transmission electron and scanning electron microscopy as well as more recent developments, such as light and electron microscopic autoradiography, fluorescence lifetime imaging, spectral imaging and linear unmixing, superresolution structured illumination, Raman microspectroscopy and X-ray microscopy. Importantly, all methodologies described allow for the simultaneous visualization of nanoparticles and evaluation of cell and tissue changes that are of prime interest for toxicopathologic studies. However, the different approaches vary in terms of applicability for specific particles, sensitivity, optical resolution, technical requirements and thus availability, and effects of labeling on particle properties. Specific bottle necks of each technology are discussed in detail. Interpretation of particle localization data from any of these techniques should therefore respect their specific merits and limitations as no single approach combines all desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Ostrowski
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Nordmeyer
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Boreham
- Department of Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cornelia Holzhausen
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Mundhenk
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Graf
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Department of Dermatology, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Department of Dermatology, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Hadam
- Department of Dermatology, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Department of Dermatology, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckart Rühl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry - Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Alexiev
- Department of Physics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Achim D Gruber
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Antimisiaris S, Mourtas S, Markoutsa E, Skouras A, Papadia K. Nanoparticles for Diagnosis and/or Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Healthc Mater 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118774205.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Fenrich KK, Zhao EY, Wei Y, Garg A, Rose PK. Isolating specific cell and tissue compartments from 3D images for quantitative regional distribution analysis using novel computer algorithms. J Neurosci Methods 2014; 226:42-56. [PMID: 24487018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolating specific cellular and tissue compartments from 3D image stacks for quantitative distribution analysis is crucial for understanding cellular and tissue physiology under normal and pathological conditions. Current approaches are limited because they are designed to map the distributions of synapses onto the dendrites of stained neurons and/or require specific proprietary software packages for their implementation. NEW METHOD To overcome these obstacles, we developed algorithms to Grow and Shrink Volumes of Interest (GSVI) to isolate specific cellular and tissue compartments from 3D image stacks for quantitative analysis and incorporated these algorithms into a user-friendly computer program that is open source and downloadable at no cost. RESULTS The GSVI algorithm was used to isolate perivascular regions in the cortex of live animals and cell membrane regions of stained spinal motoneurons in histological sections. We tracked the real-time, intravital biodistribution of injected fluorophores with sub-cellular resolution from the vascular lumen to the perivascular and parenchymal space following a vascular microlesion, and mapped the precise distributions of membrane-associated KCC2 and gephyrin immunolabeling in dendritic and somatic regions of spinal motoneurons. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Compared to existing approaches, the GSVI approach is specifically designed for isolating perivascular regions and membrane-associated regions for quantitative analysis, is user-friendly, and free. CONCLUSIONS The GSVI algorithm is useful to quantify regional differences of stained biomarkers (e.g., cell membrane-associated channels) in relation to cell functions, and the effects of therapeutic strategies on the redistributions of biomolecules, drugs, and cells in diseased or injured tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith K Fenrich
- CIHR Group in Sensory-Motor Integration, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6; Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6; Aix Marseille University, Developmental Biology Institute of Marseille-Luminy (IBDML), CNRS 7288, Case 907 - Parc Scientifique de Luminy, 13009 Marseille, France; Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, 3-88 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 2G4.
| | - Ethan Y Zhao
- CIHR Group in Sensory-Motor Integration, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6; Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Yuan Wei
- CIHR Group in Sensory-Motor Integration, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6; Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Anirudh Garg
- CIHR Group in Sensory-Motor Integration, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6; Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - P Ken Rose
- CIHR Group in Sensory-Motor Integration, Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6; Center for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
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13
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Shen YC, Zhou X, Xia XT, Yan GP, Dong JP, Lan XL, Guo JF, Zhang YX. Synthesis and properties of neutral gadolinium and technetium-99m-labeled complexes. J COORD CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2014.892591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Chun Shen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Xia
- Center for PET of Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Ping Yan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ju-Ping Dong
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Lan
- Center for PET of Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun-Fang Guo
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong-Xue Zhang
- Center for PET of Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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