1
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Fu J, Li S, Xu M, Liu L, Chen L, Zhang D. Absorption and transport mechanism of colloidal nanoparticles (CNPs) in lamb soup based on Caco-2 cell. Food Chem 2024; 463:141196. [PMID: 39260179 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Soup is an important presence in diet, but its absorption and transport mechanism by the human body remains unclear. In this study, Caco-2 intact cell and monolayer cell models were constructed to simulate small intestine absorption on colloidal nanoparticles (CNPs) isolated from lamb soup. The intracellular localization of CNPs was viewed by laser confocal microscopy (LSCM). CNPs uptake and release pathways were explored by differences in CNPs concentrations in 5 endocytosis inhibitor models and 4 exocytosis inhibitor models. Results indicated that CNPs endocytosis by Caco-2 cells was restrained by Nystatin and Cytochalasin D, with exocytosis being inhibited by Nocodazole and Monensin. Therefore, the major absorption pathways for CNPs were caveolin-dependent endocytosis, macropinocytosis and phagocytosis. The major transport pathways were microtubule-vesicle-mediated protein transport to the membrane and transportation between the Golgi apparatus and membrane. This study may provide theoretical support for the transport mechanism of soup products in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Fu
- The College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality & Safety Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaobo Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality & Safety Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meizhen Xu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality & Safety Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ling Liu
- The College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality & Safety Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality & Safety Harvest, Storage, Transportation, Management and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
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2
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Zheng Y, Luo S, Xu M, He Q, Xie J, Wu J, Huang Y. Transepithelial transport of nanoparticles in oral drug delivery: From the perspective of surface and holistic property modulation. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:3876-3900. [PMID: 39309496 PMCID: PMC11413706 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the promising prospects of nanoparticles in oral drug delivery, the process of oral administration involves a complex transportation pathway that includes cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and exocytosis by intestinal epithelial cells, which are necessary steps for nanoparticles to enter the bloodstream and exert therapeutic effects. Current researchers have identified several crucial factors that regulate the interaction between nanoparticles and intestinal epithelial cells, including surface properties such as ligand modification, surface charge, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, intestinal protein corona formation, as well as holistic properties like particle size, shape, and rigidity. Understanding these properties is essential for enhancing transepithelial transport efficiency and designing effective oral drug delivery systems. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the surface and holistic properties that influence the transepithelial transport of nanoparticles, elucidating the underlying principles governing their impact on transepithelial transport. The review also outlines the chosen of parameters to be considered for the subsequent design of oral drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxian Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shiqin Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jiang Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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3
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Zheng M, Zhang W, Lu S. The characterization of the pectin/alginate nanoparticle for encapsulation of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-complexed naringin and its effects on cellular uptake and oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130398. [PMID: 38403221 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Naringin (NR) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) can form a water-soluble complex, but it is unstable. This study aimed to investigate the characterization of the pectin/alginate hydrogel nanoparticles (HNPs) loading HPCD-complexed naringin. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the HNPs for NR were found to be 79.23 % ± 1.31 % and 23.79 % ± 0.67 %, respectively. HNPs had an average diameter of 409.5 ± 8.5 nm, a PDI of 0.237 ± 0.014, and a zeta-potential of -33.5 ± 0.2. FTIR, XRD, and DSC analysis confirmed that the NR-HPCD complex was embedded into the HNPs. In simulated gastrointestinal digestion, the HNPs exhibited a lower cumulative release rate compared to free NR. In Caco-2 cells, the HNPs were more efficiently transported into the cells. Consequently, the HNPs resulted in a greater decrease in ROS levels, more recovery of mitochondrial membrane potential and higher content of glutathione. This study provided a carrier for encapsulating NR, making it possible for use in food or functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Shengmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
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4
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Zhang X, Xiao Y, Huang Q. Investigation of cellular uptake and transport capacity of Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles with different particle sizes in Caco-2 cell monolayer. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130060. [PMID: 38340938 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis exopolysaccharide‑selenium nanoparticles (EPS-SeNPs) were successfully constructed, characterized, and its Se release kinetics and mechanism were also evaluated in our previous studies. However, the intestinal cellular uptake and transport capacities of EPS-SeNPs remain unknown. On the basis of our previous researches, this work was designed to evaluate the uptake and transport capacities of EPS-SeNPs (EPS/Se = 20/1, 3/1, 1/1, and 3/4) in intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. Confocal laser scanning microscopy results indicated that the internalization of coumarin-6 labeled EPS-SeNPs was in a time-dependent process and eventually located in the cytoplasm, not in the nucleus. Endocytosis inhibitors were employed to evaluate the cellular uptake pathway of EPS-SeNPs, relevant results revealed that clathrin-, caveolae-, and energy-mediated pathways were participated in the internalization of EPS-SeNPs by Caco-2 cells. In addition, the transportation of EPS-SeNPs across Caco-2 cell monolayers was in a concentration-dependent manner. Different particle sizes of EPS-SeNPs presented different uptake and transport capacities in Caco-2 cells. Noteworthy, EPS/Se = 3/4 with the highest selenium content possessed the most superior cellular uptake and transport abilities in Caco-2 cells. The present work may contribute to illustrate the internalization and transport mechanism of EPS-SeNPs, thus facilitating its application in food and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yidong Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Qilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Jiang B, Zhao Y, Cao Y, Sun C, Lu W, Fang Y. Advances in the Interaction between Food-Derived Nanoparticles and the Intestinal Barrier. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3291-3301. [PMID: 38346354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The maintenance of the intestinal barrier is crucial for the overall balance of the gut and the organism. Dysfunction of the intestinal barrier is closely associated with intestinal diseases. In recent years, due to the increased presence of nanoparticles (NPs) in the human diet, there has been a growing concern regarding the safety and potential impact of these NPs on gastrointestinal health. The interactions between food-derived NPs and the intestinal barrier are numerous. This review provides an introduction to the structure and function of the intestinal barrier along with a comprehensive summary of the interactions between food NPs and the intestinal barrier. Additionally, we highlight the potential connection between the food NPs-induced dysfunction of the intestinal barrier and inflammatory bowel disease. Finally, we discuss the enhancement of food NPs on the repair of the intestinal barrier damage and the nutrients absorption. This review holds significant importance in furthering our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of food-derived NPs on the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Yiguo Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Cao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Cuixia Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
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6
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Nagar N, Naidu G, Mishra A, Poluri KM. Protein-Based Nanocarriers and Nanotherapeutics for Infection and Inflammation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:91-109. [PMID: 37699711 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious and inflammatory diseases are one of the leading causes of death globally. The status quo has become more prominent with the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To combat these potential crises, proteins have been proven as highly efficacious drugs, drug targets, and biomarkers. On the other hand, advancements in nanotechnology have aided efficient and sustained drug delivery due to their nano-dimension-acquired advantages. Combining both strategies together, the protein nanoplatforms are equipped with the advantageous intrinsic properties of proteins as well as nanoformulations, eloquently changing the field of nanomedicine. Proteins can act as carriers, therapeutics, diagnostics, and theranostics in their nanoform as fusion proteins or as composites with other organic/inorganic materials. Protein-based nanoplatforms have been extensively explored to target the major infectious and inflammatory diseases of clinical concern. The current review comprehensively deliberated proteins as nanocarriers for drugs and nanotherapeutics for inflammatory and infectious agents, with special emphasis on cancer and viral diseases. A plethora of proteins from diverse organisms have aided in the synthesis of protein-based nanoformulations. The current study specifically presented the proteins of human and pathogenic origin to dwell upon the field of protein nanotechnology, emphasizing their pharmacological advantages. Further, the successful clinical translation and current bottlenecks of the protein-based nanoformulations associated with the infection-inflammation paradigm have also been discussed comprehensively. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review discusses the plethora of promising protein-based nanocarriers and nanotherapeutics explored for infectious and inflammatory ailments, with particular emphasis on protein nanoparticles of human and pathogenic origin with reference to the advantages, ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion parameters), and current bottlenecks in development of protein-based nanotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nupur Nagar
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering (N.N., G.N., K.M.P.) and Centre for Nanotechnology (K.M.P.), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; and Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India (A.M.)
| | - Goutami Naidu
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering (N.N., G.N., K.M.P.) and Centre for Nanotechnology (K.M.P.), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; and Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India (A.M.)
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering (N.N., G.N., K.M.P.) and Centre for Nanotechnology (K.M.P.), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; and Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India (A.M.)
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering (N.N., G.N., K.M.P.) and Centre for Nanotechnology (K.M.P.), Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; and Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India (A.M.)
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7
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Guanghui L, Qi L, Anning G, Luting R, Yinghan Z, Weiyun G, Shenghua H, Fengyi G, Xiaoli P. Preparation, stability, and in vitro transport of soybean protein-based diosgenin nanoemulsions. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100982. [PMID: 38144861 PMCID: PMC10740035 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean protein isolate (SPI)-stabilized nanoemulsions (NEs) were formulated to encapsulate diosgenin (DIO) to enhance its water solubility and bioavailability. The influence of DIO concentrations on NEs' properties was investigated, and their environmental stability and cell permeability were also assessed. Results demonstrated that DIO significantly affected all the physicochemical properties of NEs. NEs with 1.0 mg/mL of DIO exhibited smaller droplet size (209 nm), lower polydispersity index (0.17), and higher stability coefficient (95.8 %). Furthermore, DIO-SPI NEs displayed better stability under appropriate pH (<4 or > 5), NaCl concentrations (≤0.3 M), temperatures (≤60 °C), and freeze-thaw cycles (≤2), as well as storage at 4 °C. Moreover, encapsulating DIO in NEs reduced its toxicity towards cells and enhanced its transport efficiency, which reached 3.16 ∼ 4.87 × 10-6. These findings highlight the potential of SPI-based NEs as a promising carrier for the efficient delivery of DIO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guanghui
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China
| | - Liu Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gao Anning
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China
| | - Ren Luting
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhang Yinghan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Guo Weiyun
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China
| | - He Shenghua
- Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan 461000, China
| | - Gao Fengyi
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan 476000, China
| | - Peng Xiaoli
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Gharibzahedi SMT, Moghadam M, Amft J, Tolun A, Hasabnis G, Altintas Z. Recent Advances in Dietary Sources, Health Benefits, Emerging Encapsulation Methods, Food Fortification, and New Sensor-Based Monitoring of Vitamin B 12: A Critical Review. Molecules 2023; 28:7469. [PMID: 38005191 PMCID: PMC10673454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this overview, the latest achievements in dietary origins, absorption mechanism, bioavailability assay, health advantages, cutting-edge encapsulation techniques, fortification approaches, and innovative highly sensitive sensor-based detection methods of vitamin B12 (VB12) were addressed. The cobalt-centered vitamin B is mainly found in animal products, posing challenges for strict vegetarians and vegans. Its bioavailability is highly influenced by intrinsic factor, absorption in the ileum, and liver reabsorption. VB12 mainly contributes to blood cell synthesis, cognitive function, and cardiovascular health, and potentially reduces anemia and optic neuropathy. Microencapsulation techniques improve the stability and controlled release of VB12. Co-microencapsulation of VB12 with other vitamins and bioactive compounds enhances bioavailability and controlled release, providing versatile initiatives for improving bio-functionality. Nanotechnology, including nanovesicles, nanoemulsions, and nanoparticles can enhance the delivery, stability, and bioavailability of VB12 in diverse applications, ranging from antimicrobial agents to skincare and oral insulin delivery. Staple food fortification with encapsulated and free VB12 emerges as a prominent strategy to combat deficiency and promote nutritional value. Biosensing technologies, such as electrochemical and optical biosensors, offer rapid, portable, and sensitive VB12 assessment. Carbon dot-based fluorescent nanosensors, nanocluster-based fluorescent probes, and electrochemical sensors show promise for precise detection, especially in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Moghadam
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonas Amft
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Division of Food Technology, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Aysu Tolun
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Gauri Hasabnis
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, 24143 Kiel, Germany
- Kiel Nano, Surface and Interface Science-KiNSIS, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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He Y, Cheng M, Yang R, Li H, Lu Z, Jin Y, Feng J, Tu L. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Nanoparticles Crossing the Intestinal Epithelial Cell Membrane. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1816. [PMID: 37514003 PMCID: PMC10384977 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the stability of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract and their penetration ability in the mucosal layer by implementing a nanoparticle delivery strategy is currently a research focus in the pharmaceutical field. However, for most drugs, nanoparticles failed in enhancing their oral absorption on a large scale (4 folds or above), which hinders their clinical application. Recently, several researchers have proved that the intestinal epithelial cell membrane crossing behaviors of nanoparticles deeply influenced their oral absorption, and relevant reviews were rare. In this paper, we systematically review the behaviors of nanoparticles in the intestinal epithelial cell membrane and mainly focus on their intracellular mechanism. The three key complex intracellular processes of nanoparticles are described: uptake by intestinal epithelial cells on the apical side, intracellular transport and basal side exocytosis. We believe that this review will help scientists understand the in vivo performance of nanoparticles in the intestinal epithelial cell membrane and assist in the design of novel strategies for further improving the bioavailability of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie He
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Meng Cheng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ruyue Yang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Haocheng Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhiyang Lu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jianfang Feng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Liangxing Tu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
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Arrua EC, Hartwig O, Loretz B, Murgia X, Ho DK, Bastiat G, Lehr CM, Salomón CJ. Formulation of benznidazole-lipid nanocapsules: Drug release, permeability, biocompatibility, and stability studies. Int J Pharm 2023:123120. [PMID: 37307960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Benznidazole, a poorly soluble in water drug, is the first-line medication for the treatment of Chagas disease, but long treatment periods at high dosages cause several adverse effects with insufficient activity in the chronic phase. According to these facts, there is a serious need for novel benznidazole formulations for improving the chemotherapy of Chagas disease. Thus, this work aimed to incorporate benznidazole into lipid nanocapsules for improving its solubility, dissolution rate in different media, and permeability. Lipid nanocapsules were prepared by the phase inversion technique and were fully characterized. Three formulations were obtained with a diameter of 30, 50, and 100 nm and monomodal size distribution with a low polydispersity index and almost neutral zeta potential. Drug encapsulation efficiency was between 83 and 92% and the drug loading was between 0.66 and 1.04%. Loaded formulations were stable under storage for one year at 4 °C. Lipid nanocapsules were found to protect benznidazole in simulated gastric fluid and provide a sustained release platform for the drug in a simulated intestinal fluid containing pancreatic enzymes. The small size and the almost neutral surface charge of these lipid nanocarriers improved their penetration through mucus and such formulations showed a reduced chemical interaction with gastric mucin glycoproteins. LNCs. The incorporation of benznidazole in lipid nanocapsules improved the drug permeability across intestinal epithelium by 10-fold compared with the non-encapsulated drug while the exposure of the cell monolayers to these nanoformulations did not affect the integrity of the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C Arrua
- Institute of Chemistry, IQUIR-CONICET, National Council Research, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Olga Hartwig
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha, 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Duy-Khiet Ho
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Guillaume Bastiat
- LUNAM Université, Micro et Nanomédecines Biomimétiques, F-49933, Angers, France and Inserm, U1066 IBS-CHU, 4 rue Larrey, F-49933 Angers Cédex 9, France
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Claudio J Salomón
- Institute of Chemistry, IQUIR-CONICET, National Council Research, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina; Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, National University of Rosario, Suipacha, 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
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11
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Jia CQ, Wang SY, Yuan Y, Wu YQ, Cai Y, Liu JW, Ma HQ. The passive diffusion improvement of Vitamin B 12 intestinal absorption by Gelucire that fit for commercialized production. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:962-971. [PMID: 37234351 PMCID: PMC10206182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (VB12) is a vital micronutrient to maintain the normal state of the hematopoietic system. It must be obtained from the diet since the human body cannot synthesize it. Moreover, the absorption of VB12 needs to be mediated by intrinsic factor on the gastrointestinal (GI) track. The abnormalities in the stomach or lack of such intrinsic factors may result in poor oral absorption of VB12. However, the very advanced formulation strategies were generally very costly and still in the development stage. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to increase the VB12 intestinal absorption by conventional excipients of Gelucire 44/14 (G44/14) or Labrasol, which could be potentially formulated as a cost effect balanced product. The in vitro Caco-2 cell model was applied for the absorption study. A novel VB12 solid dispersion was subsequently prepared and further characterized by Differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The membrane permeability of the VB12 solid dispersion was finally evaluated using ex vivo rat everted gut sac method. The results suggested that G44/14 could significantly enhance the intestinal absorption of VB12 via P-glycoprotein inhibition in vitro (P < 0.01). The membrane permeability of VB12could be significantly (P < 0.01) improved by G44/14-VB12 solid dispersion at a proportion of carrier: drug ratio of 20:1.The liquidfied solid dispersion was finally directly filled in the hard gelatin capsules. In conclusion, the cheap and simplified process of VB12 complex prepared by G44/14 could potentially increase VB12 intestinal absorption, which may be liable to commercial manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Qi Jia
- TianJin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yan Wang
- TianJin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Tianjin Center for Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring, No. 237 road Hongqinan, nankai District, Tianjin 300191, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qing Wu
- TianJin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Cai
- TianJin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun-Wei Liu
- TianJin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Xu He (Tianjin) Medical Technology Co., Ltd., No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Qiu Ma
- TianJin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
- Xu He (Tianjin) Medical Technology Co., Ltd., No.220 Dongting Road, the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA), Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Chen Y, Wang J, Xu J, Zhang J, Xu S, Zhang Q, Huang J, Peng J, Xu H, Du Q, Gong Z. Fabrication of a Polysaccharide-Protein/Protein Complex Stabilized Oral Nanoemulsion to Facilitate the Therapeutic Effects of 1,8-Cineole on Atherosclerosis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9090-9109. [PMID: 37172004 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a systemic disease characterized by lipid deposition in the blood vessel wall that urgently requires effective and safe therapeutic drugs for long-term treatment. An essential oil monomer-1,8-cineole (CIN) with ameliorative effects on vascular injuries has considerable potential for preventing the progression of AS because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and cholesterol regulatory effects. However, the high volatility and instability of CIN result in low oral bioavailability and a short half-life, thereby limiting its clinical application. We formulated a nanoemulsion using a polysaccharide-protein/protein complex (dextran-bovine serum albumin/protamine, DEX5k-BSA/PTM) as an emulsifier, with vitamin B12 (VB12) as the ligand to facilitate the transportation across the small intestine. An emulsion preparation method using a microjet followed by ultraviolet irradiation was developed to obtain the CIN-loaded oral nanoemulsion CIN@DEX5k-BSA/PTM/VB12. The nanoemulsion improved the stability of CIN both in vitro and in vivo, prolonged the retention time in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and enhanced the permeability across the mucus layer and intestinal epithelial cells to increase oral bioavailability and plaque accumulation of CIN. Validated in an AS mouse model, CIN@DEX5k-BSA/PTM/VB12 achieved prominent therapeutic efficacy combating AS. This study highlights the advantages of DEX5k-BSA/PTM and VB12 in the development of nanoemulsions for CIN and provides a promising oral nanoplatform for the delivery of essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Hadidi M, Tan C, Assadpour E, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Emerging plant proteins as nanocarriers of bioactive compounds. J Control Release 2023; 355:327-342. [PMID: 36731801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence of chronic illnesses, including cancer, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases has become a growing concern for modern society. Recently, various bioactive compounds (bioactives) are shown to have a diversity of health-beneficial impacts on a wide range of disorders. But the application of these bioactives in food and pharmaceutical formulations is limited due to their poor water solubility and low bioaccessibility/bioavailability. Plant proteins are green alternatives for designing biopolymeric nanoparticles as appropriate nanocarriers thanks to their amphiphilic nature compatible with many bioactives and unique functional properties. Recently, emerging plant proteins (EPPs) are employed as nanocarriers for protection and targeted delivery of bioactives and also improving their stability and shelf-life. EPPs could enhance the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of bioactives by different types of delivery systems. In addition, the use of EPPs in combination with other biopolymers like polysaccharides was found to make a favorable wall material for food bioactives. This review article covers the various sources and importance of EPPs along with different encapsulation techniques of bioactives. Characterization of EPPs for encapsulation is also investigated. Furthermore, the focus is on the application of EPPs as nanocarriers for food bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Hadidi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Chen Tan
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Food Industry Research Co., Gorgan, Iran; Food and Bio-Nanotech International Research Center (Fabiano), Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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14
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Enhanced oral bioavailability from food protein nanoparticles: A mini review. J Control Release 2023; 354:146-154. [PMID: 36566844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The oral route is the most desirable drug administration path. The oral bioavailability is always compromised from the poor physicochemical and/or biopharmaceutical properties of the active pharmaceutical ingredients. Food protein nanoparticles show promise for oral drug delivery, with improved biosafety and cost-effectiveness compared to polymeric nanoparticles. More importantly, diverse food proteins provide "choice and variety" to meet the challenges faced by different drugs in oral delivery resulting from low solubility, poor permeability, and gastrointestinal stability. The abundance of hydroxyl, amino, and carboxyl groups in food proteins allows easy surface modification of the nanoparticles to impart unique functions. Albeit being in its infancy, food protein nanoparticles exhibit high capability to enhance oral bioavailability of a wide range of drugs from small molecules to biomacromolecules. Considering the rapid growth of the field, the achievements and mechanisms of food protein nanoparticles in enhancing oral bioavailability are reviewed. Factors affecting the performance of food protein nanoparticles are discussed with the purpose to inspire the development of food protein nanoparticle-based oral drug delivery systems.
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15
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Yang M, Lu X, Xu J, Liu X, Zhang W, Guan R, Zhong H. Cellular uptake, transport mechanism and anti-inflammatory effect of cyanidin-3-glucoside nanoliposomes in Caco-2/RAW 264.7 co-culture model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:995391. [PMID: 36225868 PMCID: PMC9549275 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.995391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), which is the widest and richest anthocyanin (ACN) found in the edible fruit and vegetables, has been illustrated to perform a wide range of bioactivities. Nanoliposomes can inhibit C3G degradation and enhance the absorption rate of C3G as tools for conveying materials to particular locations. This experiment aims to study the absorption, transport and anti-inflammatory effects of C3G nanoliposomes in Caco-2/RAW 264.7 co-culture model, which symbolizes an intestinal inflammation system. The results indicated that the uptake and transport of C3G nanoliposomes by Caco-2/RAW 264.7 co-culture model were concentration-dependent as well as affected by temperature (37 and 4°C) and endocytic inhibitors, which revealed C3G nanoliposomes penetrate cells via endocytosis. Moreover, compared with C3G, C3G nanoliposomes significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8), suggesting a stronger anti-inflammatory potential. Conclusively, the uptake of C3G nanoliposomes by Caco-2/RAW 264.7 co-culture model is mainly involved in macropinocytosis and endocytosis mediated by carrier protein (clathrin). C3G nanoliposomes may play a better role in the treatment of LPS-induced intestinal inflammation diseases.
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16
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Liu Y, Liu Y. Construction of lipid-biomacromolecular compounds for loading and delivery of carotenoids: Preparation methods, structural properties, and absorption-enhancing mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1653-1676. [PMID: 36062817 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2118229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Due to the unstable chemical properties and poor water solubility of carotenoids, their processing adaptation and oral bioavailability are poor, limiting their application in hydrophilic food systems. Lipid-biomacromolecular compounds can be excellent carriers for carotenoid delivery by taking full advantage of the solubilization of lipids to non-polar nutrients and the water dispersion and gastrointestinal controlled release properties of biomacromolecules. This paper reviewed the research progress of lipid-biomacromolecular compounds as encapsulation and delivery carriers of carotenoids and summarized the material selection and preparation methods for biomacromolecular compounds. By considering the interaction between the two, this paper briefly discussed the effect of these compounds on carotenoid water solubility, stability, and bioavailability, emphasizing their delivery effect on carotenoids. Finally, various challenges and future trends of lipid-biomacromolecular compounds as carotenoid delivery carriers were discussed, providing new insight into efficient loading and delivery of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjun Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction for Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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17
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Singh A, Yadagiri G, Javaid A, Sharma KK, Verma A, Singh OP, Sundar S, Mudavath SL. Hijacking the intrinsic vitamin B 12 pathway for the oral delivery of nanoparticles, resulting in enhanced in vivo anti-leishmanial activity. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5669-5688. [PMID: 36017751 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00979j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Surface-functionalized vitamin B12 (VB12) biocompatible nanoparticles exploit the well-characterized uptake pathway of VB12, shielding it from enzymatic degradation and inadequate absorption. In this perspective, subsequent to escalated mucus interaction and diffusion analysis, the nanoparticles were investigated by immunostaining with the anti-CD320 antibody, and their internalization mechanisms were examined by selectively blocking specific uptake processes. It was observed that their internalization occurred via an energy-dependent clathrin-mediated mechanism, simultaneously highlighting their remarkable ability to bypass the P-glycoprotein efflux. In particular, the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for their cytocompatibility by analyzing cellular proliferation, membrane viscoelasticity, and fluidity by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and oxidative-stress detection, making them well-suited for successful translation to a clinical setup. Our previous in vitro antileishmanial results were paramount for their further in vivo and toxicity analysis, demonstrating their targeted therapeutic efficiency. The augmented surface hydrophilicity, which is attributed to VB12, and monomerization of amphotericin B in the lipid core strengthened the oral bioavailability and stability of the nanoparticles, as evidenced by the fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakriti Singh
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Ganesh Yadagiri
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Aaqib Javaid
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
| | - Krishna Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 244001, India
| | - Anurag Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh 244001, India
| | - Om Prakash Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Shyam Lal Mudavath
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India.
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18
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Zhang Y, Yang Y, Mao Y, Zhao Y, Li X, Hu J, Li Y. Effects of mono- and di-glycerides/phospholipids (MDG/PL) on the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients in a protein-based emulsion system. Food Funct 2022; 13:8168-8178. [PMID: 35822541 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01190e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipophilic nutrients are known to have relatively poor absorption, thus limiting their bioaccessibility. Consequently, researchers in food and pharmaceutical areas are exploring different techniques to promote the efficient delivery of lipophilic nutrients. The effects of two polar lipids, namely mono-, di-glycerides (MDG) and lecithin (PL), on the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients were investigated in this study with a protein-based emulsion model system. During the emulsion preparation and formation, the incorporation of MDG/PL was found to benefit the dissolution and stabilization of lipophilic nutrients, such as lutein, and could also modify the construction of the emulsion surface. An in vitro digestion study showed that the use of MDG/PL could significantly increase the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients [lutein, vitamin E, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] by 13.52%, 186.90%, and 36.17% in a protein-based emulsion system. The use of MDG and PL decreased the interfacial tension in all the samples: protein only 20.65 mN m-1, protein-PL 6.47 mN m-1, and protein-MDG/PL 4.23 mN m-1, as well as 12.11 mN m-1, 1.26 mN m-1 and 1.16 mN m-1 with the presence of bile salts. Caco-2 cell culture results showed that, with the application of MDG/PL, the absorption rate of micelles was higher than that in the other groups and this resulted in a 70% absorption increase for lutein. Therefore, MDG/PL can improve the lipophilic nutrient absorption via promoting the affinity of formed micelles to the enterocytes of the small intestine. This study exhibited the effectiveness of MDG/PL on improving the bioaccessibility of lipophilic nutrients in a protein-based emulsion system mimicking the digestion and absorption fate of breast milk in an infant's gastric intestinal tract, thus suggesting that MDG/PL can be used as a technical pathway to improve the absorption of lipophilic nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Ying Yang
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingyi Mao
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Zhao
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Abbott Nutrition Research & Development Center, Abbott Ltd, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
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Nanofortification of vitamin B-complex in food matrix: Need, regulations, and prospects. FOOD CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 4:100100. [PMID: 35769403 PMCID: PMC9235048 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Overview of nanomaterials to fortify food with vitamin B-complex. Nanofortification of food with vitamin B-complex to overcome conventional fortification challenges. Regulatory aspects, prospects, and upcoming trends of this indispensable technology are also discussed.
Micronutrient malnutrition (or hidden hunger) caused by vitamin B-complex deficiency is a significant concern in the growing population. Vitamin B-complex plays an essential role in many body functions. With the introduction of nanotechnology in the food industry, new and innovative techniques have started to develop, which holds a promising future to end malnutrition and help achieve United Nations Sustainable Developmental Goal-2 (UN SDG-2), named as zero hunger. This review highlights the need for nanofortification of vitamin B-complex in food matrix to address challenges faced by conventional fortification methods (bioavailability, controlled release, physicochemical stability, and shelf life). Further, different nanomaterials like organic, inorganic, carbon, and composites along with their applications, are discussed in detail. Among various nanomaterials, organic nanomaterials (lipid, polysaccharides, proteins, and biopolymers) were found best for fortifying vitamin B-complex in foods. Additionally, different regulatory aspects across the globe and prospects of this upcoming field are also highlighted in this review.
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Wen C, Zhang J, Zhang H, Duan Y. New Perspective on Natural Plant Protein-Based Nanocarriers for Bioactive Ingredients Delivery. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121701. [PMID: 35741899 PMCID: PMC9223235 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The health effects of bioactive substances in the human body are affected by several factors, including food processing conditions, storage conditions, light and heat, among others. These factors greatly limit the stability and bioavailability of bioactive substances. These problems can be solved by a novel protein-based nanocarrier technology, which has the excellent potential to enhance solubility, bioavailability, and the controlled release of bioactive substances. In addition, plant protein has the advantages of economy, environmental protection, and high nutrition compared to animal protein. In this review, the preparation, characterization, and application of plant protein-based nanocarriers are summarized. The research deficiency and future prospects of plant protein nanocarriers are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoting Wen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China;
| | - Jixian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China;
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Y.D.)
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Y.D.)
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21
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Resveratrol Stabilization and Loss by Sodium Caseinate, Whey and Soy Protein Isolates: Loading, Antioxidant Activity, Oxidability. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040647. [PMID: 35453332 PMCID: PMC9030250 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of protein carrier and polyphenol is variable due to their environmental sensitivity. In this study, the interaction between resveratrol and whey protein isolate (WPI), sodium caseinate (SC) and soy protein isolate (SPI) during storage were systematically investigated from the aspects of polyphenol loading, antioxidant activity and oxidability. It was revealed that resveratrol loaded more in the SPI core and existed both in the core of SC micelles and on the particle surface, while WPI and resveratrol mainly formed in complexes. The loading capacity of the three proteins ranked in order SC > SPI > WPI. ABTS assay showed that the antioxidant activity of the protein carriers in the initial state was SC > SPI > WPI. The results of sulfhydryl, carbonyl and amino acid analysis showed that protein oxidability was SPI > SC > WPI. WPI, with the least oxidation, improved the storage stability of resveratrol, and the impact of SC on resveratrol stability changed from a protective to a pro-degradation effect. Co-oxidation occurred between SPI and resveratrol during storage, which refers to covalent interactions. The data gathered here suggested that the transition between the antioxidant and pro-oxidative properties of the carrier is the primary factor to investigate its protective effect on the delivered polyphenol.
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22
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Akhtar A, Aslam S, Khan S, McClements DJ, Khalid N, Maqsood S. Utilization of diverse protein sources for the development of protein-based nanostructures as bioactive carrier systems: A review of recent research findings (2010-2021). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2719-2737. [PMID: 34565242 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1980370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Consumer awareness of the relationship between health and nutrition has caused a substantial increase in the demand for nutraceuticals and functional foods containing bioactive compounds (BACs) with potential health benefits. However, the direct incorporation of many BACs into commercial food and beverage products is challenging because of their poor matrix compatibility, chemical instability, low bioavailability, or adverse impact on food quality. Advanced encapsulation technologies are therefore being employed to overcome these problems. In this article, we focus on the utilization of plant and animal derived proteins to fabricate micro and nano-particles that can be used for the oral delivery of BACs such as omega-3 oils, vitamins and nutraceuticals. This review comprehensively discusses different methods being implemented for fabrications of protein-based delivery vehicles, types of proteins used, and their compatibility for the purpose. Finally, some of the challenges and limitations of different protein matrices for encapsulation of BACs are deliberated upon. Various approaches have been developed for the fabrication of protein-based microparticles and nanoparticles, including injection-gelation, controlled denaturation, and antisolvent precipitation methods. These methods can be used to construct particle-based delivery systems with different compositions, sizes, surface hydrophobicity, and electrical characteristics, thereby enabling them to be used in a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Akhtar
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Aslam
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sipper Khan
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Nauman Khalid
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Maqsood
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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23
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Properties and Applications of Nanoparticles from Plant Proteins. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14133607. [PMID: 34203348 PMCID: PMC8269707 DOI: 10.3390/ma14133607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles from plant proteins are preferred over carbohydrates and synthetic polymeric-based materials for food, medical and other applications. In addition to their large availability and relatively low cost, plant proteins offer higher possibilities for surface modifications and functionalizing various biomolecules for specific applications. Plant proteins also avoid the immunogenic responses associated with the use of animal proteins. However, the sources of plant proteins are very diverse, and proteins from each source have distinct structures, properties and processing requirements. While proteins from corn (zein) and wheat (gliadin) are soluble in aqueous ethanol, most other plant proteins are insoluble in aqueous conditions. Apart from zein and gliadin nanoparticles (which are relatively easy to prepare), soy proteins, wheat glutenin and proteins from several legumes have been made into nanoparticles. The extraction of soluble proteins, hydrolyzing with alkali and acids, conjugation with other biopolymers, and newer techniques such as microfluidization and electrospraying have been adopted to develop plant protein nanoparticles. Solid, hollow, and core-shell nanoparticles with varying sizes and physical and chemical properties have been developed. Most plant protein nanoparticles have been used as carriers for drugs and as biomolecules for controlled release applications and for stabilizing food emulsions. This review provides an overview of the approaches used to prepare nanoparticles from plant proteins, and their properties and potential applications. The review's specific focus is on the preparation methods and applications, rather than the properties of the proteins, which have been reported in detail in other publications.
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Surfactant-Free Glibenclamide Nanoparticles: Formulation, Characterization and Evaluation of Interactions with Biological Barriers. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1081-1092. [PMID: 34002324 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03056-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work was to formulate and characterize surfactant-free glibenclamide nanoparticles using Eudragit RLPO and polyethylene glycol as sole stabilizer. METHODS Glibenclamide nanoparticles were obtained by nanoprecipitation and evaluated in terms of drug content, encapsulation efficiency, apparent saturation solubility, drug release profile, solid state and storage stability. The influence of different stirring speed on the particle size, size distribution and zeta potential of the nanoparticles was investigated. The nanoparticle biocompatibility and permeability were analyzed in vitro on Caco-2 cell line (clone HTB-37) and its interaction with mucin was also investigated. RESULTS It was found that increasing the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol from 400 to 6000 decreased drug encapsulation, whereas the aqueous solubility and dissolution rate of the drug increased. Particle size of the nanoformulations, with and without polyethylene glycol, were between 140 and 460 nm. Stability studies confirmed that glibenclamide nanoparticles were stable, in terms of particle size, after 120 days at 4°C. In vitro studies indicated minimal interactions of glibenclamide nanoparticles and mucin glycoproteins suggesting favorable properties to address the intestinal mucus barrier. Cell viability studies confirmed the safety profile of these nanoparticles and showed an increased permeation through epithelial cells. CONCLUSION Taking into consideration these findings, polyethylene glycol is a useful polymer for stabilizing these surfactant-free glibenclamide nanoparticles and represent a promising alternative to improve the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes.
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Lu W, Nishinari K, Phillips GO, Fang Y. Colloidal nutrition science to understand food-body interaction. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Mohammadian M, Waly MI, Moghadam M, Emam-Djomeh Z, Salami M, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Nanostructured food proteins as efficient systems for the encapsulation of bioactive compounds. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sampathkumar K, Tan KX, Loo SCJ. Developing Nano-Delivery Systems for Agriculture and Food Applications with Nature-Derived Polymers. iScience 2020; 23:101055. [PMID: 32339991 PMCID: PMC7186528 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The applications of nanotechnology are wide ranging, and developing functional nanomaterials for agri-food applications from nature-derived polymers is widely conceived as a sustainable approach that is safer for human and animal consumption. In light of this, this review focuses on the advances in the development of nano-delivery systems using nature-derived polymers for agri-food applications. The review opens with a section detailing the different types of nature-derived polymers currently being used in various applications in the agri-food industry with a special mention on microbial extracellular polymeric materials. The major applications of nano-delivery systems in the food sector, such as food fortification and food preservation, as well as in the agricultural sector for controlled release of agrochemicals using nature-derived polymers are discussed. The review ends with a perspective on the safety and public perception of nano-enabled foods with a concluding remark on future directions of incorporating nano-delivery systems for agri-food purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaarunya Sampathkumar
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kei Xian Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Yang C, Wang Y, Xie Y, Liu G, Lu Y, Wu W, Chen L. Oat protein-shellac nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle for resveratrol to improve bioavailability in vitro and in vivo. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2853-2871. [PMID: 31752574 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Oat protein-shellac nanoparticles (NPs) were developed as a delivery system for resveratrol to improve bioavailability. Materials & methods: The NPs were prepared from w/w emulsion followed by cold-gelation. In vitro release and cell uptake mechanism of NPs were estimated by HPLC and confocal laser scanning microscopy. In vivo bioavailability and hepatoprotective activity of encapsulated resveratrol were studied using rat models. Results & conclusion: NPs (90-300 nm) protected resveratrol in gastric fluid, while allowing controlled release into small intestine in vitro. The optimized NPs showed improvement in resveratrol cell uptake and transport when compared with free resveratrol. NP-100S increased resveratrol bioavailability up to 72.4%, and the absorbed resveratrol effectively prevented CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by attenuating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Yike Xie
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE & PLA, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
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Li D, Li X, Wu G, Li P, Zhang H, Qi X, Wang L, Qian H. The characterization and stability of the soy protein isolate/1-Octacosanol nanocomplex. Food Chem 2019; 297:124766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ding X, Zeng N, Zhang G, Pan J, Hu X, Gong D. Influence of transglutaminase‐assisted ultrasound treatment on the structure and functional properties of soy protein isolate. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Ni Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Junhui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Nanchang University Nanchang China
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Brito A, Habeych E, Silva-Zolezzi I, Galaffu N, Allen LH. Methods to assess vitamin B12 bioavailability and technologies to enhance its absorption. Nutr Rev 2019; 76:778-792. [PMID: 29931214 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuy026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (B-12) deficiency is still relatively common in low-, medium-, and high-income countries, mainly because of dietary inadequacy and, to a lesser extent, malabsorption. This narrative review is based on a systematic search of evidence on methods to assess B-12 bioavailability and technologies to enhance its absorption. A total of 2523 scientific articles identified in PubMed and 1572 patents identified in Orbit Intelligence were prescreened. Among the reviewed methods, Schilling's test and/or its food-based version (using cobalamin-labeled egg yolk) were used for decades but have been discontinued, largely because they required radioactive cobalt. The qualitative CobaSorb test, based on changes in circulating holo-transcobalamin before and after B-12 administration, and the 14C-labeled B-12 test for quantitative measurement of absorption of a low-dose radioactive tracer are currently the best available methods. Various forms of B-12 co-formulated with chemical enhancers (ie, salcaprozate sodium, 8-amino caprylate) or supplied via biotechnological methods (ie, microbiological techniques, plant cells expressing cobalamin binding proteins), encapsulation techniques (ie, emulsions, use of chitosan particles), and alternative routes of administration (ie, intranasal, transdermal administration) were identified as potential technologies to enhance B-12 absorption in humans. However, in most cases the evidence of absorption enhancement is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Brito
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Lindsay H Allen
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, California, USA
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Hou X, Cao B, He Y, Guo T, Li Z, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Feng N. Improved self-assembled micelles based on supercritical fluid technology as a novel oral delivery system for enhancing germacrone oral bioavailability. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118586. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Feng J, Wu Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Liu S, Wang H, Li C. Enhanced Chemical Stability, Intestinal Absorption, and Intracellular Antioxidant Activity of Cyanidin-3- O-glucoside by Composite Nanogel Encapsulation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10432-10447. [PMID: 31466447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A composite nanogel was developed for cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) delivery by combining Maillard reaction and heat gelation. The starting materials utilized were ovalbumin, dextran, and pectin. C3G-loaded nanogel was spherical with a diameter of ∼185 nm, which was maintained over a wide range of pH and NaCl concentrations. The composite nanogel enhanced the chemical stability of C3G under accelerated degradation models and a simulated gastrointestinal tract. Clathrin-mediated, caveolae-mediated, and macropinocytosis-related endocytosis contributed to the higher cellular uptake of nano-C3G than that of free-C3G. The apparent permeability coefficients of C3G increased 2.16 times after nanoencapsulation. The transcytosis of the C3G-bearing nanogel occurred primarily through the clathrin-related pathway and macropinocytosis and followed the "common recycling endosomes-endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex-basolateral plasma membrane" route. Moreover, nano-C3G was more efficient in restoring the viability of cells and activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes than free-C3G in oxidative models, which may be attributed to the former's high cellular absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Feng
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 50 Zhongling Street , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Yinghui Wu
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 50 Zhongling Street , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 50 Zhongling Street , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 50 Zhongling Street , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | | | | | - Chunyang Li
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , 50 Zhongling Street , Nanjing 210014 , China
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Walia N, Chen L. Pea protein based vitamin D nanoemulsions: Fabrication, stability and in vitro study using Caco-2 cells. Food Chem 2019; 305:125475. [PMID: 31518841 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pea protein-stabilized nanoemulsions were prepared to encapsulate vitamin D with the aim to develop novel non-dairy functional foods for vitamin D fortifications. Homogenization conditions of 20 kpsi and two homogenization cycles were identified as optimal conditions for producing stable nanoemulsions. The nanoemulsions exhibited controllable sizes (170-350 nm), good stability with zeta-potential of -25 mV, and high vitamin encapsulation efficiency (94-96%). Cellular uptake efficiency of small sized nanoemulsions (233 nm) was ~2.5 times higher than large sized nanoemulsions (350 nm). Interestingly, protein-based nanoemulsions exhibited significantly higher cellular uptake than emulsions prepared using a combination of protein and lecithin. The vitamin D transport efficiency across Caco-2 cells for small sized nanoemulsions (233 nm) was ~5.3 times greater than free vitamin D suspension. This research demonstrated that pea protein can be used as an effective emulsifier for preparing food nanoemulsions, which may enhance vitamin D bioavailability and improve vitamin deficiency status in aged population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Walia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
| | - Lingyun Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
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Liu G, Yang J, Wang Y, Liu X, Guan LL, Chen L. Protein-lipid composite nanoparticles for the oral delivery of vitamin B12: Impact of protein succinylation on nanoparticle physicochemical and biological properties. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Liu G, Zhou Y, Chen L. Intestinal uptake of barley protein-based nanoparticles for β-carotene delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:87-96. [PMID: 30766780 PMCID: PMC6362262 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study introduced a barley protein microparticle for encapsulation of hydrophobic drug/nutraceutical, which could release nanoparticles upon gastric digestion and deliver encapsulated compound to a simulated intestinal environment intact. This work focused on evaluating the potential of liberated nanoparticles to improve the absorption of encapsulated compounds (e.g., β-carotene) using in vitro Caco-2 cell and ex vivo small intestine models. Nanoparticles obtained from gastric digestion of barley protein microparticles had a spherical shape and an average size of 351 nm. Nanoparticles showed low cytotoxicity in Caco-2 cells and their cellular uptake was dependent on time, concentration and temperature. In a Caco-2 cell monolayer model, significantly greater uptake and transport of β-carotene were observed when it was delivered by nanoparticles (15%), compared to free β-carotene suspension (2.6%). In an ex vivo rat jejunum model, nanoparticles showed the capacity to retain in small intestinal tissue. Approximately 2.24 and 6.04 μg nanoparticle were able to permeate through each cm2 intestinal tissue and translocate to the serosal side after 60 and 90 min, respectively. Results from this study demonstrated the absorption improving effect of the barley protein nanoparticles and suggested their potential as vehicles for hydrophobic compounds.
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38
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Modification of soy protein isolate by glutaminase for nanocomplexation with curcumin. Food Chem 2018; 268:504-512. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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39
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Martins JT, Bourbon AI, Pinheiro AC, Fasolin LH, Vicente AA. Protein-Based Structures for Food Applications: From Macro to Nanoscale. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2018.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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40
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Advances in nutraceutical delivery systems: From formulation design for bioavailability enhancement to efficacy and safety evaluation. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Qin C, Xin X, Pei X, Yin L, He W. Amorphous Nanosuspensions Aggregated from Paclitaxel⁻Hemoglobulin Complexes with Enhanced Cytotoxicity. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E92. [PMID: 30011808 PMCID: PMC6161098 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous nanosuspensions (ANSs) enable rapid release and improved delivery of a poorly water-soluble drug; however, their preparation is challenging. Here, using hemoglobin (Hb) as a carrier, ANSs aggregated from paclitaxel (PTX)⁻Hb complexes were prepared to improve delivery of the hydrophobic anti-cancer agent. An affinity study demonstrated strong interaction between Hb and PTX. Importantly, the complexes could aggregate into <300 nm ANSs with high drug loading, which acidic condition facilitated their formation. Furthermore, the ANSs possessed improved cytotoxicity against cancer cells over the crystalline nanosuspensions. Taken together, ANSs aggregated from PTX⁻Hb complexes were developed, which could kill cancer cells with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaofei Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xue Pei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lifang Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Teo A, Lee SJ, Goh KK, Wolber FM. Kinetic stability and cellular uptake of lutein in WPI-stabilised nanoemulsions and emulsions prepared by emulsification and solvent evaporation method. Food Chem 2017; 221:1269-1276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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He W, Wang Y, Lv Y, Xiao Q, Ye L, Cai B, Qin C, Han X, Cai T, Yin L. Denatured protein stabilized drug nanoparticles: tunable drug state and penetration across the intestinal barrier. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1081-1097. [PMID: 32263886 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02577c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanosuspensions of drugs are nanosized colloidal dispersions of pure particles. In contrast to conventional nanoparticles, the particles in nanosuspensions feature 100% drug loading. Stiripentol (STP) is an effective drug for severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI); however, because of its low water solubility, high oral doses of STP, up to 50 mg per kg per day in two or three divided doses, must be administered to patients, compromising therapy outcomes. Here, we report STP nanosuspensions (STP-Ns) stabilized with denatured soybean protein isolate (SPI) as a stabilizer to promote the absorption of STP and thus improve therapeutic outcomes. STP-Ns with a drug loading of up to 50% (w/w) and a diameter of 150 nm were successfully prepared. Importantly, in the presence of denatured SPI as a stabilizer, the drug state in the nanosuspensions was tunable by drug loading: low drug loading resulted in the formation of amorphous drug nanoparticles while high drug loading greater than 3.22% (w/w) in formulation induced the formation of nanosuspensions with the coexistence of amorphous and crystalline drug. This new nanosuspension formulation was related to the fact that the protein-drug complex exhibited a much stronger affinity for the drug particles over the protein itself. Interestingly, via the transcytosis pathway, the STP-Ns penetrated across the intestinal barrier into the systemic circulation, with the duodenum as the predominant absorption site. The bioavailability of the STP-Ns was 4-fold as great as that of raw crystals. The discovery of this mechanism for the use of globular protein as a stabilizer for nanosuspensions provides a new route for the preparation of amorphous drug nanoparticles. This work offers a new strategy to widen the application of globular protein and nanosuspensions of insoluble active compounds in drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China.
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Chen G, Wang K, Zhou Y, Ding L, Ullah A, Hu Q, Sun M, Oupický D. Oral Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Loaded with Near-Infrared Dye for Image-Guided Photothermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:25087-25095. [PMID: 27626389 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy exerts its anticancer effect by converting laser radiation energy into hyperthermia using a suitable photosensitizer. This study reports development of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) suitable for noninvasive oral delivery of a near-infrared photosensitizer dye IR780. The carrier encapsulating the dye (IR780@NLCs) was stable in simulated gastric and intestinal conditions and showed greatly enhanced oral absorption of IR780 when compared with the free dye. As a result of increased oral bioavailability, enhanced accumulation of the dye in subcutaneous mouse colon tumors (CT-26 cells) was observed following oral gavage of IR780@NLCs. Photothermal antitumor activity of orally administered IR780@NLCs was evaluated following local laser irradiation of the CT-26 tumors. We observed significant effect of the photothermal IR780@NLCs treatment on the rate of the tumor growth and no toxicity associated with the oral administration of IR780@NLCs. Overall, orally administered IR780@NLCs represents a safe and noninvasive method to achieve systemic tumor delivery of a photosensitizing dye for applications in photothermal anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Kaikai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yiwen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Ling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Aftab Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Qi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Minjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
| | - David Oupický
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210028, China
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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Mahmood A, Prüfert F, Efiana NA, Ashraf MI, Hermann M, Hussain S, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Cell-penetrating self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) for oral gene delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1503-1512. [PMID: 27458781 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1213236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of study was to investigate whether cell-penetrating peptides could amplify cellular uptake of plasmid DNA (pDNA) loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) by mucosal epithelial cells, thereby enhancing transfection efficiency. METHODS HIV-1 Tat peptide-oleoyl conjugate (TAT-OL) was synthesized through amide bond formation between HIV-1 Tat-protein 49-57 (TAT) and oleoyl-chloride (OL). SNEDDS formulation contained 29.7% each of Cremophor EL, Capmul MCM and Crodamol, 9.9% propylene glycol and 1% TAT-OL. SNEDDS with OL instead of TAT-OL served as control. RESULTS Fluorescent-microscopy demonstrated 0.5% (m/v) nanoemulsions were suitable for subsequent studies. Mucus diffusion of nanoemulsion loaded with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) was 1.5-fold increased by incorporation of TAT-OL. Confocal microscopy confirmed that droplets of nanoemulsions were successfully internalized. Furthermore, quantitative analysis showed that addition of TAT-OL increases uptake of nanoemulsions by 2.3- and 2.6-folds after 2 and 4 hours of incubation, respectively. Cellular internalization pathways were found with substantial decrease in uptake in presence of indomethacin and chlorpromazine. Transfection efficiency investigated on HEK-293-cells was found to be 1.7- and 1.8-fold higher for SNEDDS loaded with TAT-OL compared to Lipofectin and control, respectively. CONCLUSION In comparison to prevailing lipid and polymer-based delivery systems, these novel cell-penetrating SNEDDS likely represent most effective, simplistic and expedite dosage form for mucosal gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mahmood
- a Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Felix Prüfert
- a Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Nuri Ari Efiana
- a Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz Ashraf
- b Daniel Swarovski Research Laboratory, Department of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery , Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria.,c Department for General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery , Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité Universitätsmedizin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Martin Hermann
- d Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine , Medical University Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Shah Hussain
- e Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- a Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
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Fan W, Xia D, Zhu Q, Hu L, Gan Y. Intracellular transport of nanocarriers across the intestinal epithelium. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:856-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Polymeric nanomaterials have extensively been applied for the preparation of targeted and controlled release drug/gene delivery systems. However, problems involved in the formulation of synthetic polymers such as using of the toxic solvents and surfactants have limited their desirable applications. In this regard, natural biomolecules including proteins and polysaccharide are suitable alternatives due to their safety. According to literature, protein-based nanoparticles possess many advantages for drug and gene delivery such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and ability to functionalize with targeting ligands. This review provides a general sight on the application of biodegradable protein-based nanoparticles in drug/gene delivery based on their origins. Their unique physicochemical properties that help them to be formulated as pharmaceutical carriers are also discussed.
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Wan ZL, Guo J, Yang XQ. Plant protein-based delivery systems for bioactive ingredients in foods. Food Funct 2015; 6:2876-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00050e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The application of food-grade delivery systems for the encapsulation, protection and controlled release of bioactive food ingredients have recently gained increasing interest in the research fields of functional foods and pharmaceutics. The preparation and application of bifunctional particles provide a novel perspective for the design of plant protein-based delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Li Wan
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins
- Department of Food Science and Technology
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Guo
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins
- Department of Food Science and Technology
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Quan Yang
- Research and Development Center of Food Proteins
- Department of Food Science and Technology
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- People's Republic of China
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