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Dora CP, Kushwah V, Yadav V, Kuche K, Jain S. Gemcitabine-Phospholipid Complex Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles for Improving Drug Loading, Stability, and Efficacy against Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2699-2712. [PMID: 38747900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to encapsulate gemcitabine (GEM) using a phospholipid complex (PLC) in lipid nanoparticles (NPs) to achieve several desirable outcomes, including high drug loading, uniform particle size, improved therapeutic efficacy, and reduced toxicities. The successful preparation of GEM-loaded lipid NPs (GEM-NPs) was accomplished using the emulsification-solidification method, following optimization through Box-Behnken design. The size of the GEM-NP was 138.5 ± 6.7 nm, with a low polydispersity index of 0.282 ± 0.078, as measured by a zetasizer and confirmed by transmission electron and atomic force microscopy. GEM-NPs demonstrated sustained release behavior, surpassing the performance of the free GEM and phospholipid complex. Moreover, GEM-NPs exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and cell uptake in Panc-2 and Mia PaCa cells compared to the free GEM. The in vivo pharmacokinetics revealed approximately 4-fold higher bioavailability of GEM-NPs in comparison with free GEM. Additionally, the pharmacodynamic evaluation conducted in a DMBA-induced pancreatic cancer model, involving histological examination, serum IL-6 level estimation, and expression of cleaved caspase-3, showed the potential of GEM-NPs in the management of pancreatic cancer. Consequently, the lipid NP-based approach developed in our investigation demonstrates high stability and uniformity and holds promise for enhancing the therapeutic outcomes of GEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander Parkash Dora
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, sector-67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Varun Kushwah
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, sector-67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Vivek Yadav
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, sector-67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Kaushik Kuche
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, sector-67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S.A.S. Nagar, sector-67, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
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2
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Cheng Y, Qu Z, Jiang Q, Xu T, Zheng H, Ye P, He M, Tong Y, Ma Y, Bao A. Functional Materials for Subcellular Targeting Strategies in Cancer Therapy: Progress and Prospects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2305095. [PMID: 37665594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies have made significant progress in cancer treatment. However, tumor adjuvant therapy still faces challenges due to the intrinsic heterogeneity of cancer, genomic instability, and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Functional materials possess unique biological properties such as long circulation times, tumor-specific targeting, and immunomodulation. The combination of functional materials with natural substances and nanotechnology has led to the development of smart biomaterials with multiple functions, high biocompatibilities, and negligible immunogenicities, which can be used for precise cancer treatment. Recently, subcellular structure-targeting functional materials have received particular attention in various biomedical applications including the diagnosis, sensing, and imaging of tumors and drug delivery. Subcellular organelle-targeting materials can precisely accumulate therapeutic agents in organelles, considerably reduce the threshold dosages of therapeutic agents, and minimize drug-related side effects. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the research progress in subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy based on functional nanomaterials. Moreover, it explains the challenges and prospects of subcellular organelle-targeting functional materials in precision oncology. The review will serve as an excellent cutting-edge guide for researchers in the field of subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Qu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Mingdi He
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Anyu Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
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3
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Taghipour YD, Zarebkohan A, Salehi R, Rahimi F, Torchilin VP, Hamblin MR, Seifalian A. An update on dual targeting strategy for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2022; 349:67-96. [PMID: 35779656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The key issue in the treatment of solid tumors is the lack of efficient strategies for the targeted delivery and accumulation of therapeutic cargoes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Targeting approaches are designed for more efficient delivery of therapeutic agents to cancer cells while minimizing drug toxicity to normal cells and off-targeting effects, while maximizing the eradication of cancer cells. The highly complicated interrelationship between the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, and the physiological and pathological barriers that are required to cross, dictates the need for the success of targeting strategies. Dual targeting is an approach that uses both purely biological strategies and physicochemical responsive smart delivery strategies to increase the accumulation of nanoparticles within the TME and improve targeting efficiency towards cancer cells. In both approaches, either one single ligand is used for targeting a single receptor on different cells, or two different ligands for targeting two different receptors on the same or different cells. Smart delivery strategies are able to respond to triggers that are typical of specific disease sites, such as pH, certain specific enzymes, or redox conditions. These strategies are expected to lead to more precise targeting and better accumulation of nano-therapeutics. This review describes the classification and principles of dual targeting approaches and critically reviews the efficiency of dual targeting strategies, and the rationale behind the choice of ligands. We focus on new approaches for smart drug delivery in which synthetic and/or biological moieties are attached to nanoparticles by TME-specific responsive linkers and advanced camouflaged nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Davatgaran Taghipour
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Fariborz Rahimi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine and Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (NanoRegMed Ltd), London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, United Kingdom
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4
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Xie F, Li R, Shu W, Zhao L, Wan J. Self-assembly of Peptide dendrimers and their bio-applications in theranostics. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100239. [PMID: 35295319 PMCID: PMC8919296 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has brought revolutionized advances in disease diagnosis and therapy. Self-assembled peptide dendrimers own novel physicochemical properties through the synergistic effects of the polypeptide chain, dendrimer and nano-structure, exhibiting great potential in theranostic. This review provides comprehensive insights into various peptide dendrimers for self-assembly. Their nanosize, morphology and composition are presented to understand self-assembly behaviors precisely. We further introduce the emerging theranostic applications based on specific imaging and efficient delivery recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Xie
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Rongxin Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Weikang Shu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
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5
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Vats K, Sharma R, Sharma AK, Sarma HD, Satpati D. Assessment of 177 Lu-labeled carboxyl-terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer-RGD peptide conjugate. J Pept Sci 2021; 28:e3366. [PMID: 34463002 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Structurally unique polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers implanted with targeting biological moiety along with complexed radiometal constitute a favorable nano-system for diagnosis and therapy of targeted tumor sites. In the present study, carboxyl functionalities of PAMAM- generation 4 dendrimer (PAMAM-G4-COOH) were conjugated with ε-amino group of lysine of cRGDfK peptide to impart integrin αv β3 targeting capability. Reaction of p-NH2 -Bn-DOTA with PAMAM was accomplished via acid-amine coupling using EDC/NHS for 177 Lu-complexation. 177 Lu-labeled nano-system, 177 Lu-PAMAM-DOTA-cRGDfK demonstrated receptor-mediated uptake in murine melanoma B16F10 cells during in vitro cell uptake studies. In vivo biodistribution studies demonstrated low tumor uptake and retention of 177 Lu-PAMAM-DOTA-cRGDfK which may be attributed to rapid blood clearance. However, fast clearance from non-target organs resulted in higher target to background ratio. Tumor uptake of targeted nano-system, 177 Lu-PAMAM-DOTA-cRGDfK was observed to be significantly (p < 0.05) higher in comparison to 177 Lu-PAMAM-DOTA without the targeting peptide. Inhibition studies with unlabeled cRGDfK resulted in 60% reduction in tumor uptake of 177 Lu-PAMAM-DOTA-cRGDfK, indicating specificity of the developed nano-system towards integrin αv β3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusum Vats
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Radiochemistry and Isotope Group, Mumbai, India.,Chemical Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Radiochemistry and Isotope Group, Mumbai, India.,Chemical Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Amit Kumar Sharma
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Radiochemistry and Isotope Group, Mumbai, India.,Chemical Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Haladhar D Sarma
- Radiation Biology and Health Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Drishty Satpati
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Radiochemistry and Isotope Group, Mumbai, India.,Chemical Sciences, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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6
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Escaping the endosome: assessing cellular trafficking mechanisms of non-viral vehicles. J Control Release 2021; 335:465-480. [PMID: 34077782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-viral vehicles hold therapeutic promise in advancing the delivery of a variety of cargos in vitro and in vivo, including small molecule drugs, biologics, and especially nucleic acids. However, their efficacy at the cellular level is limited by several delivery barriers, with endolysosomal degradation being most significant. The entrapment of vehicles and their cargo in the acidified endosome prevents access to the cytosol, nucleus, and other subcellular compartments. Understanding the factors that contribute to uptake and intracellular trafficking, especially endosomal entrapment and release, is key to overcoming delivery obstacles within cells. In this review, we summarize and compare experimental techniques for assessing the extent of endosomal escape of a variety of non-viral vehicles and describe proposed escape mechanisms for different classes of lipid-, polymer-, and peptide-based delivery agents. Based on this evaluation, we present forward-looking strategies utilizing information gained from mechanistic studies to inform the rational design of efficient delivery vehicles.
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7
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Gonzaga RV, do Nascimento LA, Santos SS, Machado Sanches BA, Giarolla J, Ferreira EI. Perspectives About Self-Immolative Drug Delivery Systems. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3262-3281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Wei R, Zhong S, Qiao L, Guo M, Shao M, Wang S, Jiang B, Yang Y, Gu C. Steroid 5α-Reductase Type I Induces Cell Viability and Migration via Nuclear Factor-κB/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1501. [PMID: 32983992 PMCID: PMC7484213 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system. Steroid 5α-reductase type I (SRD5A1), as an important part of the steroid metabolism, converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone and regulates sex hormone levels, which accommodates tumor occurrence or development. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of SRD5A1 in CRC remains unclear. We compared SRD5A1 expression in CRC tissues with normal controls by immunohistochemistry and found that elevated SRD5A1 in CRC was relevant for poor patient prognosis. Furthermore, inducible downregulation of SRD5A1 by small hairpin RNA reduced cell viability, promoted cell cycle arrest, and induced cell apoptosis and cellular senescence of CRC cells, as well as attenuated cell migration ability. In the following experiments, we used dutasteride (an inhibitor of SRD5A1/2) to explore its inhibitory effect on the biological processes of CRC cells, as mentioned earlier. Further mechanism study demonstrated that the repression of SRD5A1 abolished the expression of p65 and vascular endothelial growth factor, suggesting that SRD5A1 might regulate cell viability and migration through nuclear factor-κB/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings implicate SRD5A1 acting as a novel biomarker for CRC diagnosis and prognosis and provide compelling evidence for the future evaluation of dutasteride as a promising candidate for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang Wei
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sixia Zhong
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Qiao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengjie Guo
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Miaomiao Shao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Suyu Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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9
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Li G, Zhang Y, Tang W, Zheng J. Comprehensive investigation of in vitro hemocompatibility of surface modified polyamidoamine nanocarrier. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 74:267-279. [PMID: 31476147 DOI: 10.3233/ch-190641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Junmeng Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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10
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Gessner I, Neundorf I. Nanoparticles Modified with Cell-Penetrating Peptides: Conjugation Mechanisms, Physicochemical Properties, and Application in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2536. [PMID: 32268473 PMCID: PMC7177461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on their tunable physicochemical properties and the possibility of producing cell-specific platforms through surface modification with functional biomolecules, nanoparticles (NPs) represent highly promising tools for biomedical applications. To improve their potential under physiological conditions and to enhance their cellular uptake, combinations with cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) represent a valuable strategy. CPPs are often cationic peptide sequences that are able to translocate across biological membranes and to carry attached cargos inside cells and have thus been recognized as versatile tools for drug delivery. Nevertheless, the conjugation of CPP to NP surfaces is dependent on many properties from both individual components, and further insight into this complex interplay is needed to allow for the fabrication of highly stable but functional vectors. Since CPPs per se are nonselective and enter nearly all cells likewise, additional decoration of NPs with homing devices, such as tumor-homing peptides, enables the design of multifunctional platforms for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we have updated the recent advances in the field of CPP-NPs, focusing on synthesis strategies, elucidating the influence of different physicochemical properties, as well as their application in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Gessner
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstr 6, 50939 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Ines Neundorf
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Str. 47a, 50674 Cologne, Germany
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11
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Sapra R, Verma RP, Maurya GP, Dhawan S, Babu J, Haridas V. Designer Peptide and Protein Dendrimers: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11391-11441. [PMID: 31556597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendrimers have attracted immense interest in science and technology due to their unique chemical structure that offers a myriad of opportunities for researchers. Dendritic design allows us to present peptides in a branched three-dimensional fashion that eventually leads to a globular shape, thus mimicking globular proteins. Peptide dendrimers, unlike other classes of dendrimers, have immense applications in biomedical research due to their biological origin. The diversity of potential building blocks and innumerable possibilities for design, along with the fact that the area is relatively underexplored, make peptide dendrimers sought-after candidates for various applications. This review summarizes the stepwise evolution of peptidic dendrimers along with their multifaceted applications in various fields. Further, the introduction of biomacromolecules such as proteins to a dendritic scaffold, resulting in complex macromolecules with discrete molecular weights, is an altogether new addition to the area of organic chemistry. The synthesis of highly complex and fully folded biomacromolecules on a dendritic scaffold requires expertise in synthetic organic chemistry and biology. Presently, there are only a handful of examples of protein dendrimers; we believe that these limited examples will fuel further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Sapra
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Ram P Verma
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Govind P Maurya
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Sameer Dhawan
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Jisha Babu
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - V Haridas
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , Hauz Khas , New Delhi 110016 , India
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12
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Improved antitumor efficacy and reduced toxicity of docetaxel using anacardic acid functionalized stealth liposomes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 172:213-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Vieira Gonzaga R, da Silva Santos S, da Silva JV, Campos Prieto D, Feliciano Savino D, Giarolla J, Igne Ferreira E. Targeting Groups Employed in Selective Dendrons and Dendrimers. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:E219. [PMID: 30413047 PMCID: PMC6320891 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of compounds with directed action to a defined organ or tissue is a very promising approach, since it can decrease considerably the toxicity of the drug/bioactive compound. For this reason, this kind of strategy has been greatly important in the scientific community. Dendrimers, on the other hand, comprise extremely organized macromolecules with many peripheral functionalities, stepwise controlled synthesis, and defined size. These nanocomposites present several biological applications, demonstrating their efficiency to act in the pharmaceutical field. Considering that, the main purpose of this review was describing the potential of dendrons and dendrimers as drug targeting, applying different targeting groups. This application has been demonstrated through interesting examples from the literature considering the last ten years of publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Vieira Gonzaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Soraya da Silva Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Joao Vitor da Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Diego Campos Prieto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
| | | | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
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14
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Ma P, Sun Y, Chen J, Li H, Zhu H, Gao X, Bi X, Zhang Y. Enhanced anti-hepatocarcinoma efficacy by GLUT1 targeting and cellular microenvironment-responsive PAMAM-camptothecin conjugate. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:153-165. [PMID: 29282992 PMCID: PMC6058575 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1419511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient targeting of drugs to tumor cell and subsequent rapid drug release remain primary challenges in the development of nanomedicines for cancer therapy. Here, we constructed a glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)-targeting and tumor cell microenvironment-sensitive drug release Glucose–PEG–PAMAM-s-s–Camptothecin-Cy7 (GPCC) conjugate to tackle the dilemma. The conjugate was characterized by a small particle size, spherical shape, and glutathione (GSH)-sensitive drug release. In vitro tumor targeting was explored in monolayer (2D) and multilayer tumor spheroid (3D) HepG2 cancer cell models (GLUT1+). The cellular uptake of GPCC was higher than that in the control groups and that in normal L02 cells (GLUT1−), likely due to the conjugated glucose moiety. Moreover, the GPCC conjugate exhibited stronger cytotoxicity, higher S arrest and enhanced apoptosis and necrosis rate in HepG2 cells than control groups but not L02 cells. However, the cytotoxicity of GPCC was lower than that of free CPT, which could be explained by the slower release of CPT from the GPCC compared with free CPT. Additional in vivo tumor targeting experiments demonstrated the superior tumor-targeting ability of the GPCC conjugate, which significantly accumulated in tumor meanwhile minimize in normal tissues compared with control groups. The GPCC conjugate showed better pharmacokinetic properties, enabling a prolonged circulation time and increased camptothecin area under the curve (AUC). These features contributed to better therapeutic efficacy and lower toxicity in H22 hepatocarcinoma tumor-bearing mice. The GLUT1-targeting, GSH-sensitive GPCC conjugate provides an efficient, safe and economic approach for tumor cell targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkai Ma
- a School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Yi Sun
- b Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology , Academy of Military Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- a School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Hongpin Li
- a School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Hongyu Zhu
- a School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Xing Gao
- a School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Xinning Bi
- a School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- a School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Beijing , China
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15
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Gajbhiye KR, Gajbhiye V, Siddiqui IA, Gajbhiye JM. cRGD functionalised nanocarriers for targeted delivery of bioactives. J Drug Target 2018; 27:111-124. [PMID: 29737883 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2018.1473409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The integrins αvβ3 play a very imperative role in angiogenesis and are overexpressed in endothelial cells of the tumour. Recent years have witnessed huge exploration in the field of αvβ3 integrin-mediated bioactive targeting for treatment of cancer. In these studies, the cRGD peptide has been employed extensively owing to their binding capacity to the αvβ3 integrin. Principally, RGD-based approaches comprise of antagonist molecules of the RGD sequence, drug-RGD conjugates, and most importantly tethering of the nanocarrier surface with the RGD peptide as targeting ligand. Targeting tumour vasculature or cells via cRGD conjugated nanocarriers have emerged as a promising technique for delivering chemotherapeutic drugs and imaging agents for cancer theranostics. In this review, primary emphasis has been given on the application of cRGD-anchored nanocarriers for targeted delivery of drugs, imaging agents, etc. for tumour therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Gajbhiye
- a Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
| | - V Gajbhiye
- b Nanobioscience , Agharkar Research Institute , Pune , India
| | - Imtiaz A Siddiqui
- c Department of Dermatology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA
| | - J M Gajbhiye
- a Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune , India
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16
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Cao J, Ge R, Zhang M, Xia J, Han S, Lu W, Liang Y, Zhang T, Sun Y. A triple modality BSA-coated dendritic nanoplatform for NIR imaging, enhanced tumor penetration and anticancer therapy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9021-9037. [PMID: 29717725 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr09552j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Functional theranostic systems for drug delivery capable of concurrent near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, active tumor targeting and anticancer therapies are desired for concise cancer diagnosis and treatment. Dendrimers with controllable size and surface functionalities are good candidates for such platforms. However, integration of active targeting ligands and imaging agents separately on the surface or encapsulation of the imaging agents in the inner core of the dendrimers will result in a more complex composition or reduced drug loading efficiency. Herein, we reported a PAMAM-based theranostic system, with a simple integrin-specific imaging ligand prepared from two motifs. One motif is a NIR carbocyanine fluorescent dye (Cyp) for precise in vivo monitoring of the system and identification of tumor or cancer cells, and the other is a novel tumor-penetrating cyclic peptide (CRGDKGPDC, abbreviated iRGD). BSA was non-covalently bonded with Cyp to reduce NIR agent fluorescence-quenching aggregates and enhance imaging signals. The chemotherapy effect of these dendritic systems was achieved by encapsulating paclitaxel into the hydrophobic interior of the dendrimers. In vitro and in vivo targeting and penetrating studies revealed that a significantly high amount of the dendritic systems was endocytosed by HepG2 cells and enhanced accumulation and penetration at tumor sites. Our safety evaluation showed that masking of cationic-end groups of PAMAM to neutral or anionic groups has resulted in decreased or even zero-toxicity. The preliminary antitumor efficacy of the dendritic system was evaluated. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that paclitaxel-encapsulated functionalized PAMAM can efficiently kill HepG2 cancer cells. In conclusion, our functionalized theranostic dendritic system could be a promising nanocarrier to effectively deliver drugs to deep tumor regions for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266021, China.
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17
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Ma P, Chen J, Bi X, Li Z, Gao X, Li H, Zhu H, Huang Y, Qi J, Zhang Y. Overcoming Multidrug Resistance through the GLUT1-Mediated and Enzyme-Triggered Mitochondrial Targeting Conjugate with Redox-Sensitive Paclitaxel Release. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:12351-12363. [PMID: 29569435 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b18437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is thought to be the major obstacle leading to the failure of paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy. To solve this problem, a glucose transporter-mediated and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)-triggered mitochondrion-targeting conjugate [glucose-polyethylene glycol (PEG)-peptide-triphenylphosponium-polyamidoamine (PAMAM)-PTX] composed of a PAMAM dendrimer and enzymatic detachable glucose-PEG was constructed for mitochondrial delivery of PTX. The conjugate was characterized by a 30 nm sphere particle, MMP2-sensitive PEG outer layer detachment from PAMAM, and glutathione (GSH)-sensitive PTX release. It showed higher cellular uptake both in glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) overexpressing MCF-7/MDR monolayer cell (2D) and multicellular tumor spheroids (3D). The subcellular location study showed that it could specifically accumulate in the mitochondria. Moreover, it exhibited higher cytotoxicity against MCF-7/MDR cells, which significantly reverse the MDR of MCF-7/MDR cells. The MDR reverse might be caused by reducing the ATP content through destroying the mitochondrial membrane as well as by down-regulating P-gp expression. In vivo imaging and tissue distribution indicated more conjugate accumulated in the tumor of the tumor-bearing mice model. Consequently, the conjugate showed better tumor inhibition rate and lower body weight loss, which demonstrated that it possessed high efficiency and low toxicity. This study provides glucose-mediated GLUT targeting, MMP2-responsive PEG detachment, triphenylphosponium-mediated mitochondria targeting, and a GSH-sensitive intracellular drug release conjugate that has the potential to be exploited for overcoming MDR of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkai Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Xinning Bi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Zhihui Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Xing Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Hongpin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Hongyu Zhu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Yunfang Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Jing Qi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica , Beijing University of Chinese Medicine , Yangguang South Street , Beijing 102488 , China
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18
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Santos S, Gonzaga R, Silva J, Savino D, Prieto D, Shikay J, Silva R, Paulo L, Ferreira E, Giarolla J. Peptide dendrimers: drug/gene delivery and other approaches. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are versatile hyperbranched molecules, which have deserved attention especially for their potential in many applications, including biological. Peptide dendrimers comprise interesting classes of dendrimers, and their use has been emphasized as a drug/bioactive compound delivery system, mostly in the antineoplastic area. The bioactive molecules can be covalently linked or entrapped inside the peptide derivative. Self-assembled nanocarriers are a recent trend in the design of potential delivery systems, and pH-sensitive carriers, one of their methods, have been designed to control their systems. In addition, the use of targeting peptides or other specific groups that direct the drug/bioactive compounds to specific organs is an important trend in the search for better drug delivery systems. Recent examples have been given in the literature, showing that gene delivery as another important peptide dendrimer application. It is worth emphasizing that some peptide dendrimers show activity per se, without bioactive compounds. Immune compounds and vaccines are presented herein, as well as uses of other peptide dendrimers are briefly discussed in this review, which encompasses around 10 years of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.S. Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R.V. Gonzaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J.V. Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D.F. Savino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D. Prieto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J.M. Shikay
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R.S. Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L.H.A. Paulo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E.I. Ferreira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J. Giarolla
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kushwah V, Agrawal AK, Dora CP, Mallinson D, Lamprou DA, Gupta RC, Jain S. Novel Gemcitabine Conjugated Albumin Nanoparticles: a Potential Strategy to Enhance Drug Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment. Pharm Res 2017; 34:2295-2311. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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20
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Zhao J, Li Q, Hao X, Ren X, Guo J, Feng Y, Shi C. Multi-targeting peptides for gene carriers with high transfection efficiency. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8035-8051. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02012k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-viral gene carriers for gene therapy have been developed for many years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xuefang Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xiangkui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- China
- Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht
| | - Jintang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- China
- Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300350
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Changcan Shi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
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