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Fouché M, Bonnet H, Bonnet DMV, Wenden B. Transport capacity is uncoupled with endodormancy breaking in sweet cherry buds: physiological and molecular insights. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1240642. [PMID: 38752012 PMCID: PMC11094712 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1240642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Introduction To avoid the negative impacts of winter unfavorable conditions for plant development, temperate trees enter a rest period called dormancy. Winter dormancy is a complex process that involves multiple signaling pathways and previous studies have suggested that transport capacity between cells and between the buds and the twig may regulate the progression throughout dormancy stages. However, the dynamics and molecular actors involved in this regulation are still poorly described in fruit trees. Methods Here, in order to validate the hypothesis that transport capacity regulates dormancy progression in fruit trees, we combined physiological, imaging and transcriptomic approaches to characterize molecular pathways and transport capacity during dormancy in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) flower buds. Results Our results show that transport capacity is reduced during dormancy and could be regulated by environmental signals. Moreover, we demonstrate that dormancy release is not synchronized with the transport capacity resumption but occurs when the bud is capable of growth under the influence of warmer temperatures. We highlight key genes involved in transport capacity during dormancy. Discussion Based on long-term observations conducted during six winter seasons, we propose hypotheses on the environmental and molecular regulation of transport capacity, in relation to dormancy and growth resumption in sweet cherry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Fouché
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie 1332, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Bénédicte Wenden
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie 1332, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Velappan Y, Considine JA, Signorelli S, Considine MJ. Contrasting seasonal dynamics of dormancy, respiratory metabolism and cell cycle state in grapevine buds of a subtropical and Mediterranean climate. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yazhini Velappan
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- The Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - John A. Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Agronomía Universidad de la República Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Michael J. Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- The UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development South Perth WA Australia
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Guillamón JG, Dicenta F, Sánchez-Pérez R. Advancing Endodormancy Release in Temperate Fruit Trees Using Agrochemical Treatments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:812621. [PMID: 35111185 PMCID: PMC8802331 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.812621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endodormancy in temperate fruit trees like Prunus is a protector state that allows the trees to survive in the adverse conditions of autumn and winter. During this process, plants accumulate chill hours. Flower buds require a certain number of chill hours to release from endodormancy, known as chilling requirements. This step is crucial for proper flowering and fruit set, since incomplete fulfillment of the chilling requirements produces asynchronous flowering, resulting in low quality flowers, and fruits. In recent decades, global warming has endangered this chill accumulation. Because of this fact, many agrochemicals have been used to promote endodormancy release. One of the first and most efficient agrochemicals used for this purpose was hydrogen cyanamide. The application of this agrochemical has been found to advance endodormancy release and synchronize flowering time, compressing the flowering period and increasing production in many species, including apple, grapevine, kiwi, and peach. However, some studies have pointed to the toxicity of this agrochemical. Therefore, other non-toxic agrochemicals have been used in recent years. Among them, Erger® + Activ Erger® and Syncron® + NitroActive® have been the most popular alternatives. These two treatments have been shown to efficiently advance endodormancy release in most of the species in which they have been applied. In addition, other less popular agrochemicals have also been applied, but their efficiency is still unclear. In recent years, several studies have focused on the biochemical and genetic variation produced by these treatments, and significant variations have been observed in reactive oxygen species, abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellin (GA) levels and in the genes responsible for their biosynthesis. Given the importance of this topic, future studies should focus on the discovery and development of new environmentally friendly agrochemicals for improving the modulation of endodormancy release and look more deeply into the effects of these treatments in plants.
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Signorelli S, Shaw J, Hermawaty D, Wang Z, Verboven P, Considine JA, Considine MJ. The initiation of bud burst in grapevine features dynamic regulation of the apoplastic pore size. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:719-729. [PMID: 31037309 PMCID: PMC6946006 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The physiological constraints on bud burst in woody perennials, including vascular development and oxygenation, remain unresolved. Both light and tissue oxygen status have emerged as important cues for vascular development in other systems; however, grapevine buds have only a facultative light requirement, and data on the tissue oxygen status have been confounded by the spatial variability within the bud. Here, we analysed apoplastic development at early stages of grapevine bud burst and combined molecular modelling with histochemical techniques to determine the pore size of cell walls in grapevine buds. The data demonstrate that quiescent grapevine buds were impermeable to apoplastic dyes (acid fuchsin and eosin Y) until after bud burst was established. The molecular exclusion size was calculated to be 2.1 nm, which would exclude most macromolecules except simple sugars and phytohormones until after bud burst. We used micro-computed tomography to demonstrate that tissue oxygen partial pressure data correlated well with structural heterogeneity of the bud and differences in tissue density, confirming that the primary bud complex becomes rapidly and preferentially oxygenated during bud burst. Taken together, our results reveal that the apoplastic porosity is highly regulated during the early stages of bud burst, suggesting a role for vascular development in the initial, rapid oxygenation of the primary bud complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Signorelli
- The School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Correspondence: or
| | - Jeremy Shaw
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Dina Hermawaty
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zi Wang
- Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Verboven
- Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - John A Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michael J Considine
- The School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, South Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Correspondence: or
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Yu J, Conrad AO, Decroocq V, Zhebentyayeva T, Williams DE, Bennett D, Roch G, Audergon JM, Dardick C, Liu Z, Abbott AG, Staton ME. Distinctive Gene Expression Patterns Define Endodormancy to Ecodormancy Transition in Apricot and Peach. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:180. [PMID: 32180783 PMCID: PMC7059448 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Dormancy is a physiological state that plants enter for winter hardiness. Environmental-induced dormancy onset and release in temperate perennials coordinate growth cessation and resumption, but how the entire process, especially chilling-dependent dormancy release and flowering, is regulated remains largely unclear. We utilized the transcriptome profiles of floral buds from fall to spring in apricot (Prunus armeniaca) genotypes with contrasting bloom dates and peach (Prunus persica) genotypes with contrasting chilling requirements (CR) to explore the genetic regulation of bud dormancy. We identified distinct gene expression programming patterns in endodormancy and ecodormancy that reproducibly occur between different genotypes and species. During the transition from endo- to eco-dormancy, 1,367 and 2,102 genes changed in expression in apricot and peach, respectively. Over 600 differentially expressed genes were shared in peach and apricot, including three DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM) genes (DAM4, DAM5, and DAM6). Of the shared genes, 99 are located within peach CR quantitative trait loci, suggesting these genes as candidates for dormancy regulation. Co-expression and functional analyses revealed that distinctive metabolic processes distinguish dormancy stages, with genes expressed during endodormancy involved in chromatin remodeling and reproduction, while the genes induced at ecodormancy were mainly related to pollen development and cell wall biosynthesis. Gene expression analyses between two Prunus species highlighted the conserved transcriptional control of physiological activities in endodormancy and ecodormancy and revealed genes that may be involved in the transition between the two stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yu
- Genome Science and Technology Program, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Anna O. Conrad
- Forest Health Research and Education Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Véronique Decroocq
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Equipe de Virologie, INRA, Universite de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Tetyana Zhebentyayeva
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Schatz Center for Tree Molecular Genetics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Daniel E. Williams
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Dennis Bennett
- Appalachian Fruit Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture—Agriculture Research Service, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Guillaume Roch
- GAFL Fruit and Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, INRA Centre PACA, Montfavet, France
| | - Jean-Marc Audergon
- GAFL Fruit and Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, INRA Centre PACA, Montfavet, France
| | - Christopher Dardick
- Appalachian Fruit Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture—Agriculture Research Service, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Zongrang Liu
- Appalachian Fruit Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture—Agriculture Research Service, Kearneysville, WV, United States
| | - Albert G. Abbott
- Forest Health Research and Education Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Margaret E. Staton
- Genome Science and Technology Program, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agriculture, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Margaret E. Staton,
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6
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Vimont N, Fouché M, Campoy JA, Tong M, Arkoun M, Yvin JC, Wigge PA, Dirlewanger E, Cortijo S, Wenden B. From bud formation to flowering: transcriptomic state defines the cherry developmental phases of sweet cherry bud dormancy. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:974. [PMID: 31830909 PMCID: PMC6909552 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bud dormancy is a crucial stage in perennial trees and allows survival over winter to ensure optimal flowering and fruit production. Recent work highlighted physiological and molecular events occurring during bud dormancy in trees. However, they usually examined bud development or bud dormancy in isolation. In this work, we aimed to further explore the global transcriptional changes happening throughout bud development and dormancy onset, progression and release. Results Using next-generation sequencing and modelling, we conducted an in-depth transcriptomic analysis for all stages of flower buds in several sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars that are characterized for their contrasted dates of dormancy release. We find that buds in organogenesis, paradormancy, endodormancy and ecodormancy stages are defined by the expression of genes involved in specific pathways, and these are conserved between different sweet cherry cultivars. In particular, we found that DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM), floral identity and organogenesis genes are up-regulated during the pre-dormancy stages while endodormancy is characterized by a complex array of signalling pathways, including cold response genes, ABA and oxidation-reduction processes. After dormancy release, genes associated with global cell activity, division and differentiation are activated during ecodormancy and growth resumption. We then went a step beyond the global transcriptomic analysis and we developed a model based on the transcriptional profiles of just seven genes to accurately predict the main bud dormancy stages. Conclusions Overall, this study has allowed us to better understand the transcriptional changes occurring throughout the different phases of flower bud development, from bud formation in the summer to flowering in the following spring. Our work sets the stage for the development of fast and cost effective diagnostic tools to molecularly define the dormancy stages. Such integrative approaches will therefore be extremely useful for a better comprehension of complex phenological processes in many species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Vimont
- INRA, UMR1332 BFP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, Cedex, France.,Agro Innovation International, Centre Mondial d'Innovation, Groupe Roullier, 35400, St Malo, France.,The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Mathieu Fouché
- INRA, UMR1332 BFP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, Cedex, France
| | - José Antonio Campoy
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain.,Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Present address: Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Meixuezi Tong
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Mustapha Arkoun
- Agro Innovation International, Centre Mondial d'Innovation, Groupe Roullier, 35400, St Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Agro Innovation International, Centre Mondial d'Innovation, Groupe Roullier, 35400, St Malo, France
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Leibniz-Institute für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau (IGZ), Plant Adaptation, Grossbeeren, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Cortijo
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1LR, UK.
| | - Bénédicte Wenden
- INRA, UMR1332 BFP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, Cedex, France.
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7
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Beauvieux R, Wenden B, Dirlewanger E. Bud Dormancy in Perennial Fruit Tree Species: A Pivotal Role for Oxidative Cues. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:657. [PMID: 29868101 PMCID: PMC5969045 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
For perennial plants, bud dormancy is a crucial step as its progression over winter determines the quality of bud break, flowering, and fruiting. In the past decades, many studies, based on metabolic, physiological, subcellular, genetic, and genomic analyses, have unraveled mechanisms underlying bud dormancy progression. Overall, all the pathways identified are interconnected in a very complex manner. Here, we review early and recent findings on the dormancy processes in buds of temperate fruit trees species including hormonal signaling, the role of plasma membrane, carbohydrate metabolism, mitochondrial respiration and oxidative stress, with an effort to link them together and emphasize the central role of reactive oxygen species accumulation in the control of dormancy progression.
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8
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Meitha K, Agudelo-Romero P, Signorelli S, Gibbs DJ, Considine JA, Foyer CH, Considine MJ. Developmental control of hypoxia during bud burst in grapevine. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:1154-1170. [PMID: 29336037 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Dormant or quiescent buds of woody perennials are often dense and in the case of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) have a low tissue oxygen status. The precise timing of the decision to resume growth is difficult to predict, but once committed, the increase in tissue oxygen status is rapid and developmentally regulated. Here, we show that more than a third of the grapevine homologues of widely conserved hypoxia-responsive genes and nearly a fifth of all grapevine genes possessing a plant hypoxia-responsive promoter element were differentially regulated during bud burst, in apparent harmony with resumption of meristem identity and cell-cycle gene regulation. We then investigated the molecular and biochemical properties of the grapevine ERF-VII homologues, which in other species are oxygen labile and function in transcriptional regulation of hypoxia-responsive genes. Each of the 3 VvERF-VIIs were substrates for oxygen-dependent proteolysis in vitro, as a function of the N-terminal cysteine. Collectively, these data support an important developmental function of oxygen-dependent signalling in determining the timing and effective coordination bud burst in grapevine. In addition, novel regulators, including GASA-, TCP-, MYB3R-, PLT-, and WUS-like transcription factors, were identified as hallmarks of the orderly and functional resumption of growth following quiescence in buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlia Meitha
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- The School of Molecular and Chemical Sciences and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Patricia Agudelo-Romero
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- The School of Molecular and Chemical Sciences and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- The School of Molecular and Chemical Sciences and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 12900, Uruguay
| | - Daniel J Gibbs
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - John A Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- The School of Molecular and Chemical Sciences and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- The School of Molecular and Chemical Sciences and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Michael J Considine
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- The School of Molecular and Chemical Sciences and UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Primary Industries and Rural Development, South Perth, 6151, Australia
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Ionescu IA, López-Ortega G, Burow M, Bayo-Canha A, Junge A, Gericke O, Møller BL, Sánchez-Pérez R. Transcriptome and Metabolite Changes during Hydrogen Cyanamide-Induced Floral Bud Break in Sweet Cherry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1233. [PMID: 28769948 PMCID: PMC5511853 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Release of bud dormancy in perennial woody plants is a temperature-dependent process and thus flowering in these species is heavily affected by climate change. The lack of cold winters in temperate growing regions often results in reduced flowering and low fruit yields. This is likely to decrease the availability of fruits and nuts of the Prunus spp. in the near future. In order to maintain high yields, it is crucial to gain detailed knowledge on the molecular mechanisms controlling the release of bud dormancy. Here, we studied these mechanisms using sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), a crop where the agrochemical hydrogen cyanamide (HC) is routinely used to compensate for the lack of cold winter temperatures and to induce flower opening. In this work, dormant flower buds were sprayed with hydrogen cyanamide followed by deep RNA sequencing, identifying three main expression patterns in response to HC. These transcript level results were validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and supported further by phytohormone profiling (ABA, SA, IAA, CK, ethylene, JA). Using these approaches, we identified the most up-regulated pathways: the cytokinin pathway, as well as the jasmonate and the hydrogen cyanide pathway. Our results strongly suggest an inductive effect of these metabolites in bud dormancy release and provide a stepping stone for the characterization of key genes in bud dormancy release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A. Ionescu
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Meike Burow
- DynaMo Center, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Alexander Junge
- Center for Non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Oliver Gericke
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Birger L. Møller
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Pérez
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
- VILLUM Center for Plant Plasticity, University of CopenhagenFrederiksberg, Denmark
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10
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Parada F, Noriega X, Dantas D, Bressan-Smith R, Pérez FJ. Differences in respiration between dormant and non-dormant buds suggest the involvement of ABA in the development of endodormancy in grapevines. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 201:71-78. [PMID: 27448722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine buds (Vitis vinifera L) enter endodormancy (ED) after perceiving the short-day (SD) photoperiod signal and undergo metabolic changes that allow them to survive the winter temperatures. In the present study, we observed an inverse relationship between the depth of ED and the respiration rate of grapevine buds. Moreover, the respiration of dormant and non-dormant buds differed in response to temperature and glucose, two stimuli that normally increase respiration in plant tissues. While respiration in non-dormant buds rose sharply in response to both stimuli, respiration in dormant buds was only slightly affected. This suggests that a metabolic inhibitor is present. Here, we propose that the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) could be this inhibitor. ABA inhibits respiration in non-dormant buds and represses the expression of respiratory genes, such as ALTERNATIVE NADH DEHYDROGENASE (VaND1, VvaND2), CYTOCHROME OXIDASE (VvCOX6) and CYTOCHROME C (VvCYTC), and induces the expression of VvSnRK1, a gene encoding a member of a highly conserved family of protein kinases that act as energy sensors and regulate gene expression in response to energy depletion. In addition to inducing ED the SD-photoperiod up-regulated the expression of VvNCED, a gene that encodes a key enzyme in ABA synthesis. Taken together, these results suggest that ABA through the mediation of VvSnRK1, could play a key role in the regulation of the metabolic changes accompanying the entry into ED of grapevine buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Parada
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ximena Noriega
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Débora Dantas
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologías Agropecuarias, Avda, Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Bressan-Smith
- Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologías Agropecuarias, Avda, Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes RJ, Brazil.
| | - Francisco J Pérez
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
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11
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Vergara R, Noriega X, Parada F, Dantas D, Pérez FJ. Relationship between endodormancy, FLOWERING LOCUS T and cell cycle genes in Vitis vinifera. PLANTA 2016; 243:411-419. [PMID: 26438218 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-015-2415-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In grapevines, the increased expression of VvFT , genes involved in the photoperiodic control of seasonal growth ( VvAP1, VvAIL2 ) and cell cycle genes ( VvCDKA, VvCDKB2, VvCYCA1, VvCYCB, VvCYCD3.2 ) in the shoot apex relative to the latent bud, suggests a high mitotic activity of the apex which could prevent them to enter into endodormancy. Additionally, the up-regulation of these genes by the dormancy-breaking compound hydrogen cyanamide (H 2 CN 2 ) strongly suggests that VvFT plays a key role in regulating transcriptionally cell cycle genes. At the end of the growing season, short-day (SD) photoperiod induces the transition of latent grapevine buds (Vitis vinifera L) from paradormancy (PD) to endodormancy (ED), which allows them to survive the cold temperatures of winter. Meanwhile, the shoot apex gradually decreases its growth without entering into ED, and as a result of the fall of temperatures at the beginning of autumn, dies. To understand developmental differences and contrasting responses to environmental cues between both organs, the expression of cell cycle genes, and of genes involved in photoperiodic control of seasonal growth in trees, such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), APETALA1 (AP1) and AINTEGUMENTA-like (AIL) was analyzed at the shoot apex and latent buds of vines during the transition from PD to ED. After shift to SD photoperiod, increased expression of cell cycle genes in the shoot apex suggests a high mitotic activity in this organ which could prevent them from entering into ED. Additionally, the increased expression of VvFT, VvAP1and VvAIL2 in the shoot apex, and the up-regulation of VvFT, VvAP1and cell cycle genes VvCDKA, VvCDKB2, VvCYCA.1, by the dormancy-breaking compound hydrogen cyanamide (H2CN2), strongly suggests that VvFT plays a key role in regulating transcriptionally cell cycle genes, giving thus, more support to the model for photoperiodic control of seasonal growth in trees. Furthermore, downregulation of VvFT by the SD photoperiod detected in leaves and buds of grapevines highlights the importance of VvFT in the induction of growth cessation and in ED development, probably by regulating the expression of cell cycle genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Vergara
- Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Noriega
- Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Parada
- Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Débora Dantas
- Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologías Agropecuarias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Avda Alberto Lamego 2000, Campos Dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
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Zhang H, Li H, Lai B, Xia H, Wang H, Huang X. Morphological Characterization and Gene Expression Profiling during Bud Development in a Tropical Perennial, Litchi chinensis Sonn. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1517. [PMID: 27833615 PMCID: PMC5080376 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Tropical evergreen perennials undergo recurrent flush growth, and their terminal buds alternate between growth and dormancy. In sharp contrast to the intensive studies on bud development in temperate deciduous trees, there is little information about bud development regulation in tropical trees. In this study, litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) was used as a model tropical perennial for morphological characterization and transcriptomic analysis of bud development. Litchi buds are naked with apical meristem embraced by rudimentary leaves, which are brown at dormant stage (Stage I). They swell and turn greenish as buds break (Stage II), and as growth accelerates, the rudimentary leaves elongate and open exposing the inner leaf primodia. With the outgrowth of the needle-like leaflets, bud growth reaches a maximum (Stage III). When leaflets expand, bud growth cease with the abortion of the rudimentary leaves at upper positions (Stage IV). Then buds turn brown and reenter dormant status. Budbreak occurs again when new leaves become hard green. Buds at four stages (Stage I to IV) were collected for respiration measurements and in-depth RNA sequencing. Respiration rate was the lowest at Stage I and highest at Stage II, decreasing toward growth cessation. RNA sequencing obtained over 5 Gb data from each of the bud samples and de novo assembly generated a total of 59,999 unigenes, 40,119 of which were annotated. Pair-wise comparison of gene expression between stages, gene profiling across stages, GO/KEGG enrichment analysis, and the expression patterns of 17 major genes highlighted by principal component (PC) analysis displayed significant changes in stress resistance, hormone signal pathways, circadian rhythm, photosynthesis, cell division, carbohydrate metabolism, programmed cell death during bud development, which might be under epigenetic control involving chromatin methylation. The qPCR results of 8 selected unigenes with high PC scores agreed with the RPKM values obtained from RNA-seq. Three Short Vegetative Phase (SVP) genes, namely LcSVP1, LcSVP2, and LcSVP3 displayed different expression patterns, suggesting their differential roles in bud development regulation. The study brought an understanding about biological processes associated with the phase transitions, molecular regulation of bud development, as well as cyclic bud growth as a strategy to survive tropical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Zhang
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Hua Li
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Biao Lai
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Haoqiang Xia
- Gene Denovo Biotechnology Co. Ltd.Guangzhou, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Xuming Huang
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xuming Huang
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13
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Meitha K, Konnerup D, Colmer TD, Considine JA, Foyer CH, Considine MJ. Spatio-temporal relief from hypoxia and production of reactive oxygen species during bud burst in grapevine (Vitis vinifera). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2015; 116:703-11. [PMID: 26337519 PMCID: PMC4578006 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plants regulate cellular oxygen partial pressures (pO2), together with reduction/oxidation (redox) state in order to manage rapid developmental transitions such as bud burst after a period of quiescence. However, our understanding of pO2 regulation in complex meristematic organs such as buds is incomplete and, in particular, lacks spatial resolution. METHODS The gradients in pO2 from the outer scales to the primary meristem complex were measured in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) buds, together with respiratory CO2 production rates and the accumulation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, from ecodormancy through the first 72 h preceding bud burst, triggered by the transition from low to ambient temperatures. KEY RESULTS Steep internal pO2 gradients were measured in dormant buds with values as low as 2·5 kPa found in the core of the bud prior to bud burst. Respiratory CO2 production rates increased soon after the transition from low to ambient temperatures and the bud tissues gradually became oxygenated in a patterned process. Within 3 h of the transition to ambient temperatures, superoxide accumulation was observed in the cambial meristem, co-localizing with lignified cellulose associated with pro-vascular tissues. Thereafter, superoxide accumulated in other areas subtending the apical meristem complex, in the absence of significant hydrogen peroxide accumulation, except in the cambial meristem. By 72 h, the internal pO2 gradient showed a biphasic profile, where the minimum pO2 was external to the core of the bud complex. CONCLUSIONS Spatial and temporal control of the tissue oxygen environment occurs within quiescent buds, and the transition from quiescence to bud burst is accompanied by a regulated relaxation of the hypoxic state and accumulation of reactive oxygen species within the developing cambium and vascular tissues of the heterotrophic grapevine buds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlia Meitha
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia
| | - Dennis Konnerup
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia, Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timothy D Colmer
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia
| | - John A Considine
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia, Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, Yorkshire LS29JT, UK and
| | - Michael J Considine
- School of Plant Biology, and The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009 Australia, Centre for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, Yorkshire LS29JT, UK and Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, South Perth, WA, 6151 Australia
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14
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Johansson M, Ibáñez C, Takata N, Eriksson ME. The perennial clock is an essential timer for seasonal growth events and cold hardiness. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1158:297-311. [PMID: 24792060 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0700-7_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, changes in global temperatures have led to changes in local environments affecting the growth conditions for many species. This is a trend that makes it even more important to understand how plants respond to local variations and seasonal changes in climate. To detect daily and seasonal changes as well as acute stress factors such as cold and drought, plants rely on a circadian clock. This chapter introduces the current knowledge and literature about the setup and function of the circadian clock in various tree and perennial species, with a focus on the Populus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Johansson
- Molecular Cell Physiology, Bielefeld University, 100131, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany,
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15
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Rubio S, Donoso A, Pérez FJ. The dormancy-breaking stimuli "chilling, hypoxia and cyanamide exposure" up-regulate the expression of α-amylase genes in grapevine buds. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 171:373-81. [PMID: 24594388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that respiratory stress is involved in the mechanism underlying the dormancy-breaking effect of hydrogen cyanamide (H2CN2) and sodium azide in grapevine buds; indeed, reductions in oxygen levels (hypoxia) and inhibitors of respiration promote bud-break in grapevines. In this study, we showed that, hypoxia increased starch hydrolysis soluble sugar consumption and up-regulated the expression of α-amylase genes (Vvα-AMYs) in grapevine buds, suggesting that these biochemical changes induced by hypoxia, may play a relevant role in the release of buds from endodormancy (ED). Three of the four Vvα-AMY genes that are expressed in grapevine buds were up-regulated by hypoxia and a correlation between changes in sugar content and level of Vvα-AMY gene expression during the hypoxia treatment was found, suggesting that soluble sugars mediate the effect of hypoxia on Vvα-AMY gene expression. Exogenous applications of soluble sugars and sugar analogs confirmed this finding and revealed that osmotic stress induces the expression of Vvα-AMY1 and Vvα-AMY3 and that soluble sugars induces Vvα-AMY2 and Vvα-AMY4 gene expression. Interestingly, the plant hormone gibberellic acid (GA3) induced the expression of Vvα-AMY3 and Vvα-AMY4 genes, while dormancy breaking stimuli, chilling and cyanamide exposure, mainly induced the expression of Vvα-AMY1 and Vvα-AMY2 genes, suggesting that these two α-amylase genes might be involved in the release of grapevine buds from the ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Rubio
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amanda Donoso
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco J Pérez
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile.
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Putterill J, Zhang L, Yeoh CC, Balcerowicz M, Jaudal M, Gasic EV. FT genes and regulation of flowering in the legume Medicago truncatula. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2013; 40:1199-1207. [PMID: 32481188 DOI: 10.1071/fp13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time is an important contributor to plant productivity and yield. Plants integrate flowering signals from a range of different internal and external cues in order to flower and set seed under optimal conditions. Networks of genes controlling flowering time have been uncovered in the flowering models Arabidopsis, wheat, barley and rice. Investigations have revealed important commonalities such as FT genes that promote flowering in all of these plants, as well as regulators that are unique to some of them. FT genes also have functions beyond floral promotion, including acting as floral repressors and having a complex role in woody polycarpic plants such as vines and trees. However, much less is known overall about flowering control in other important groups of plants such as the legumes. This review discusses recent efforts to uncover flowering-time regulators using candidate gene approaches or forward screens for spring early flowering mutants in the legume Medicago truncatula. The results highlight the importance of a Medicago FT gene, FTa1, in flowering-time control. However, the mechanisms by which FTa1 is regulated by environmental signals such as long days (photoperiod) and vernalisation (winter cold) appear to differ from Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Putterill
- Flowering Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Flowering Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chin Chin Yeoh
- Flowering Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Martin Balcerowicz
- Flowering Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mauren Jaudal
- Flowering Lab, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Erika Varkonyi Gasic
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited (Plant and Food Research) Mt Albert, Private Bag 92169, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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