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Mendes C, Zaccaron RP, Casagrande LDR, Venturini LM, da Costa C, Lima IR, Wermuth TB, Arcaro S, Feuser PE, Lock Silveira PC. Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles in an animal model of chronic wound induced with Resiquimod. J Drug Target 2024; 32:1086-1100. [PMID: 38980282 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2373304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Cost-effective strategies for the treatment of chronic wounds must be developed. The green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) it is possible to guarantee a lower toxicity in biological tissues and greater safety of applicability, in addition to adding the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) to those of extracts. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of treatment with biosynthesized GNPs in a chronic wound model. Wistar rats were distributed into 7 groups: Acute Wound (AW); Chronic wound (CW); CW + GNPs-Açaí; CW + GNPs-DB; CW + AV-GNPs; CW + SafGel®; CW + 660 nm laser. The chronic injury model was induced with topically applied Resiquimod for 6 days. Treatments were then initated on the fourteenth day after the last application of Resiquimod and carried out daily for ten days. The proposed therapies with GNPs were able to significantly reduce the inflammatory score and increase the rate of wound contraction. In histology, there was a reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate and increased gene expression of fibronectin and type III collagen, mainly in the CW + AV-GNPs group. The therapies were able to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, increase anti-inflammatory cytokines, and reduce oxidative stress. The results demonstrated that the effects of GNPs appear to complement those of the extracts, thereby enhancing the tissue repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolini Mendes
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Laura de Roch Casagrande
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ligia Milanez Venturini
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Camila da Costa
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Igor Ramos Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Tiago Bender Wermuth
- Biomaterials and Nanostructured Materials Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Arcaro
- Biomaterials and Nanostructured Materials Research Group, Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, UNESC, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Emilio Feuser
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Physiopathology, Program of Postgraduate in Science of Health, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Alessandra-Perini J, Machado DE, Palmero CY, Claudino MC, de Moura RS, Palumbo Junior A, Perini JA, Nasciutti LE. Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí) exhibits cardioprotective effects after chemotherapy treatment in a breast cancer model. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:301. [PMID: 37626388 PMCID: PMC10463785 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Açaí, a Brazilian native fruit, has already been demonstrated to play a role in the progress of breast cancer and cardiotoxicity promoted by chemotherapy agents. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the combined use of açaí and the FAC-D chemotherapy protocol in a breast cancer model in vivo. METHODS Mammary carcinogenesis was induced in thirty female Wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) in the mammary gland. After sixty days, the rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 45 consecutive days. The FAC-D protocol was initiated after 90 days of induction by intraperitoneal injection for 3 cycles with a 7-day break each. After treatment, blood was collected for haematological and biochemical analyses, and tumours were collected for macroscopic and histological analyses. In the same way, heart, liver, and kidney samples were also collected for macroscopic and histological analyses. RESULTS Breast cancer was found as a cystic mass with a fibrotic pattern in the mammary gland. The histological analysis showed an invasive carcinoma area in both groups; however, in the saline group, there was a higher presence of inflammatory clusters. No difference was observed regarding body weight, glycaemia, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine, and urea in either group. However, açaí treatment decreased creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB (CKMB), troponin I and C-reactive protein levels and increased the number of neutrophils and monocytes. Heart histopathology showed normal myocardium in the açaí treatment, while the saline group presented higher toxicity effects with loss of architecture of cardiac tissue. Furthermore, the açaí treatment presented greater collagen distribution, increased hydroxyproline concentration and lower H2AX immunostaining in the heart samples. CONCLUSION Açaí decreased the number of inflammatory cells in the tumor environment and exhibited protection against chemotherapy drug cardiotoxicity with an increased immune response in animals. Thus, açaí can be considered a promising low-cost therapeutic treatment that can be used in association with chemotherapy agents to avoid heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Celia Yelimar Palmero
- Laboratório Integrado de Morfologia, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro 9UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marllow Caetano Claudino
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Roberto Soares de Moura
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônio Palumbo Junior
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Ciências Farmacêuticas (LAPESF), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Manuel Caldeira de Alvarenga Avenue, 1.203, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 23070-200, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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da Silva MACN, Tessmann JW, Borges KRA, Wolff LAS, Botelho FD, Vieira LA, Morgado-Diaz JA, Franca TCC, Barbosa MDCL, Nascimento MDDSB, Rocha MR, de Carvalho JE. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Seed Oil Exerts a Cytotoxic Role over Colorectal Cancer Cells: Insights of Annexin A2 Regulation and Molecular Modeling. Metabolites 2023; 13:789. [PMID: 37512496 PMCID: PMC10384432 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Açaí, Euterpe oleracea Mart., is a native plant from the Amazonian and is rich in several phytochemicals with anti-tumor activities. The aim was to analyze the effects of açaí seed oil on colorectal adenocarcinoma (ADC) cells. In vitro analyses were performed on CACO-2, HCT-116, and HT-29 cell lines. The strains were treated with açaí seed oil for 24, 48, and 72 h, and cell viability, death, and morphology were analyzed. Molecular docking was performed to evaluate the interaction between the major compounds in açaí seed oil and Annexin A2. The viability assay showed the cytotoxic effect of the oil in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Acai seed oil induced increased apoptosis in CACO-2 and HCT-116 cells and interfered with the cell cycle. Western blotting showed an increased expression of LC3-B, suggestive of autophagy, and Annexin A2, an apoptosis regulatory protein. Molecular docking confirmed the interaction of major fatty acids with Annexin A2, suggesting a role of açaí seed oil in modulating Annexin A2 expression in these cancer cell lines. Our results suggest the anti-tumor potential of açaí seed oil in colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and contribute to the development of an active drug from a known natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da Silva
- Faculty of Medical Science, Post-graduation in Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
- Nucleum of Basic and Applied Immunology, Pathology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Josiane Weber Tessmann
- Cell Structure and Dynamics Group, Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Kátia Regina Assunção Borges
- Nucleum of Basic and Applied Immunology, Pathology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Laís Araújo Souza Wolff
- Nucleum of Basic and Applied Immunology, Pathology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Diniz Botelho
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMCBD), Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil
| | - Leandro Alegria Vieira
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMCBD), Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil
| | - Jose Andres Morgado-Diaz
- Cell Structure and Dynamics Group, Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Tanos Celmar Costa Franca
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to Chemical and Biological Defense (LMCBD), Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitansheho 62, 500-03 Kralove, Czechia
| | - Maria do Carmo Lacerda Barbosa
- Nucleum of Basic and Applied Immunology, Pathology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | | | - Murilo Ramos Rocha
- Cell Structure and Dynamics Group, Cellular and Molecular Oncobiology Program, National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - João Ernesto de Carvalho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Post-graduation in Internal Medicine, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
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Custódio Neto da Silva MA, Araújo Souza Wolff L, Assunção Borges KR, Alvares Marques Vale A, Silva de Azevedo-Santos AP, Pascoal Xavier MA, Lacerda Barbosa MDC, Soares Brandão Nascimento MDD, Ernesto de Carvalho J. Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) byproduct reduces tumor size and modulates inflammation in Ehrlich mice model. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
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Kang Y, Park C, Lee H, Kang S, Cheon C, Kim B. Natural Products as New Approaches for Treating Bladder Cancer: From Traditional Medicine to Novel Drug Discovery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041117. [PMID: 37111603 PMCID: PMC10145408 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease that a tumor develops in the bladder lining and in some cases, the bladder muscle. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are commonly used to treat bladder cancer. However, chemotherapy can cause burning and irritation in the bladder while BCG immunotherapy, which is the main type of intravesical immunotherapy for bladder cancer, can also cause burning in the bladder and flu-like symptoms. Thus, drugs originating from natural products have attracted much attention due to the reports that they have anti-cancer properties with low adverse effects. In this study, eighty-seven papers that dealt with natural products preventing or treating bladder cancer were reviewed. The studies were classified into the following mechanism: 71 papers on cell death, 5 papers on anti-metastasis, 3 papers on anti-angiogenesis, 1 paper on anti-resistance, and 7 papers on clinical trials. Most of the natural products that induced apoptosis up-regulated proteins such as caspase-3 and caspase-9. Regarding anti-metastasis, MMP-2 and MMP-9 are regulated frequently. Regarding anti-angiogenesis, HIF-1α and VEGF-A are down-regulated frequently. Nevertheless, the number of papers regarding anti-resistance and clinical trial are too few, so more studies are needed. In conclusion, this database will be useful for future in vivo studies of the anti-bladder cancer effect of natural products, in the process of selecting materials used for the experiment.
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Altieri MA, Sarmiento-Machado LM, Romualdo GR, de Moura NA, Barbisan LF. Dietary Capsaicin Reduces Chemically Induced Rat Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 78:93-99. [PMID: 36334234 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-022-01025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP) is the compound responsible for pungency in chili peppers, presenting several biological properties. But its general safety and effectiveness in the context of carcinogenesis has not been fully clarified. Thus, the present study evaluated whether dietary CAP modifies the development of urothelial lesions induced by the carcinogen N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were randomly allocated into 6 groups: G1 - treated with 0.05% BBN in drinking water (weeks 1-12) and received a balanced diet (weeks 1-20); G2 and G3-treated with BBN (weeks 1-12) and received a balanced diet with 0.01 or 0.02% CAP (weeks 1-20), respectively; G4 and G5- only received a balanced diet with 0.01 or 0.02% CAP (weeks 1-20), respectively; G6 - only received a balanced diet (weeks 1-20). At the end of week 20, the incidence and types of urothelial lesions, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 activities were analyzed. A significant reduction was observed in the incidence and multiplicity of simple (p = 0.020 and p = 0.011) and nodular/papillary (p = 0.030 and p = 0.003) hyperplasias and papillomas/carcinomas (p = 0.023 and p = 0.020), epithelial proliferation (p = 0.007) and in the activity of the intermediate form of MMP-2 (p < 0.001) and pro-MMP-9 activities (p < 0.002), in BBN + 0.02% CAP (G3) group in comparison to BBN (G1) group. Capsaicin intake per se did not alter body weight, liver and kidney weights, urothelial histology or serum biochemical parameters. Thus, dietary CAP was safe and showed a protective effect against rat BBN-induced urothelial carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Augusto Altieri
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Manuel Sarmiento-Machado
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Nelci Antunes de Moura
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Barbisan
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu-SP, Brazil.
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Laurindo LF, Barbalho SM, Araújo AC, Guiguer EL, Mondal A, Bachtel G, Bishayee A. Açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) in Health and Disease: A Critical Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:989. [PMID: 36839349 PMCID: PMC9965320 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart.), a species belonging to the Arecaceae family, has been cultivated for thousands of years in tropical Central and South America as a multipurpose dietary plant. The recent introduction of açaí fruit and its nutritional and healing qualities to regions outside its origin has rapidly expanded global demand for açaí berry. The health-promoting and disease-preventing properties of this plant are attributed to numerous bioactive phenolic compounds present in the leaf, pulp, fruit, skin, and seeds. The purpose of this review is to present an up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical evaluation of the health benefits of açaí and its phytochemicals with a special focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that açaí possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and exerts cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, renoprotective, antilipidemic, antidiabetic, and antineoplastic activities. Moreover, clinical trials have suggested that açaí can protect against metabolic stress induced by oxidation, inflammation, vascular abnormalities, and physical exertion. Due to its medicinal properties and the absence of undesirable effects, açaí shows a promising future in health promotion and disease prevention, in addition to a vast economic potential in the food and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília, Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha 743 234, India
| | - Gabrielle Bachtel
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA
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da Silva MACN, Costa JH, Pacheco-Fill T, Ruiz ALTG, Vidal FCB, Borges KRA, Guimarães SJA, de Azevedo-Santos APS, Buglio KE, Foglio MA, Barbosa MDCL, Nascimento MDDSB, de Carvalho JE. Açai ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Seed Extract Induces ROS Production and Cell Death in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123546. [PMID: 34200718 PMCID: PMC8230419 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açai) is a native palm from the Amazon region. There are various chemical constituents of açai with bioactive properties. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and cytotoxic effects of açai seed extract on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) was applied to identify chemical compounds present in açai seed extract. LC-MS/MS and molecular networking were employed to detect the phenolic compounds of açai. The antioxidant activity of açai seed extract was measured by DPPH assay. MCF-7 breast cancer cell line viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Cell death was evaluated by flow cytometry and time-lapse microscopy. Autophagy was evaluated by orange acridin immunofluorescence assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated by DAF assay. From the molecular networking, fifteen compounds were identified, mainly phenolic compounds. The açai seed extract showed cytotoxic effects against MCF-7, induced morphologic changes in the cell line by autophagy and increased the ROS production pathway. The present study suggests that açai seed extract has a high cytotoxic capacity and may induce autophagy by increasing ROS production in breast cancer. Apart from its antioxidant activity, flavonoids with high radical scavenging activity present in açai also generated NO (nitric oxide), contributing to its cytotoxic effect and autophagy induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da Silva
- Post-Graduate Program in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz. CEP, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil;
| | - Jonas Henrique Costa
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6154, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (J.H.C.); (T.P.-F.)
| | - Taícia Pacheco-Fill
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6154, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (J.H.C.); (T.P.-F.)
| | - Ana Lúcia Tasca Gois Ruiz
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Flávia Castello Branco Vidal
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Heath, Department of Patology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (F.C.B.V.); (K.R.A.B.)
| | - Kátia Regina Assunção Borges
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Heath, Department of Patology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (F.C.B.V.); (K.R.A.B.)
| | - Sulayne Janaina Araújo Guimarães
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sicencies, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (S.J.A.G.); (A.P.S.d.A.-S.)
| | - Ana Paula Silva de Azevedo-Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Health Sicencies, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (S.J.A.G.); (A.P.S.d.A.-S.)
| | - Kaio Eduardo Buglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Mary Ann Foglio
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
| | - Maria do Carmo Lacerda Barbosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Family Health, Department of Medicine I, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil;
| | - Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão Nascimento
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Heath, Department of Patology, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís 65080-805, MA, Brazil; (F.C.B.V.); (K.R.A.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.d.D.S.B.N.); (J.E.d.C.)
| | - João Ernesto de Carvalho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas 13083-859, SP, Brazil; (A.L.T.G.R.); (K.E.B.); (M.A.F.)
- Correspondence: (M.d.D.S.B.N.); (J.E.d.C.)
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Schulz M, Gonzaga LV, Costa ACO, Fett R. Antioxidant and juçara fruits (Euterpe edulis Martius): Potential applications in toxicology. Toxicology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819092-0.00032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hayashi T, Fujita K, Hayashi Y, Hatano K, Kawashima A, McConkey DJ, Nonomura N. Mutational Landscape and Environmental Effects in Bladder Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176072. [PMID: 32842545 PMCID: PMC7503658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary tract. Although nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancers have a good prognosis, muscle-invasive bladder cancers promote metastases and have a poor prognosis. Comprehensive analyses using RNA sequence of clinical tumor samples in bladder cancer have been reported. These reports implicated the candidate genes and pathways that play important roles in carcinogenesis and/or progression of bladder cancer. Further investigations for the function of each mutation are warranted. There is suggestive evidence for several environmental factors as risk factors of bladder cancer. Environmental factors such as cigarette smoking, exposure to chemicals and gases, bladder inflammation due to microbial and parasitic infections, diet, and nutrition could induce several genetic mutations and alter the tumor microenvironment, such as immune cells and fibroblasts. The detailed mechanism of how these environmental factors induce carcinogenesis and/or progression of bladder cancer remains unclear. To identify the relationship between the mutations and the lifestyle could be useful for prevention and treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.H.); (K.H.); (A.K.); (N.N.)
- Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 21287-2101, USA;
| | - Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.H.); (K.H.); (A.K.); (N.N.)
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Ohno-higashi, Osakasayama, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-6879-3531; Fax: +81-6-6879-3539
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.H.); (K.H.); (A.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Koji Hatano
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.H.); (K.H.); (A.K.); (N.N.)
| | - Atsunari Kawashima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.H.); (K.H.); (A.K.); (N.N.)
| | - David J. McConkey
- Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA 21287-2101, USA;
| | - Norio Nonomura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; (T.H.); (Y.H.); (K.H.); (A.K.); (N.N.)
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Alegre P, Mathias L, Lourenço MA, Santos PPD, Gonçalves A, Fernandes AA, Gaiolla PSA, Minicucci MF, Zornoff L, Paiva SAR, Polegato BF. Euterpe Oleracea Mart. (Açaí) Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Energetic Metabolism in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 114:78-86. [PMID: 31751439 PMCID: PMC7025309 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20180140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) is a fruit with high antioxidant capacity and could be an adjuvant strategy to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Objective To evaluate the influence of açaí in global ischemia-reperfusion model in rats. Methods Wistar rats were assigned to 2 groups: Control (C: receiving standard chow; n = 9) and Açaí (A: receiving standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí; n = 10). After six weeks, the animals were subjected to the global ischemia-reperfusion protocol and an isolated heart study to evaluate left ventricular function. Level of significance adopted: 5%. Results There was no difference between the groups in initial body weight, final body weight and daily feed intake. Group A presented lower lipid hydroperoxide myocardial concentration and higher catalase activity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase than group C. We also observed increased myocardial activity of b-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, complex I, complex II and ATP synthase in the A group as well as lower activity of the lactate dehydrogenase and phosphofructokinase enzymes. The systolic function was similar between the groups, and the A group presented poorer diastolic function than the C group. We did not observe any difference between the groups in relation to myocardial infarction area, total and phosphorylated NF-kB, total and acetylated FOXO1, SIRT1 and Nrf-2 protein expression. Conclusion despite improving energy metabolism and attenuating oxidative stress, açai supplementation did not decrease the infarcted area or improve left ventricular function in the global ischemia-reperfusion model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alegre
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Livia Mathias
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | | | | | - Andrea Gonçalves
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leonardo Zornoff
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
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Shibuya S, Toda T, Ozawa Y, Yata MJV, Shimizu T. Acai Extract Transiently Upregulates Erythropoietin by Inducing a Renal Hypoxic Condition in Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020533. [PMID: 32092924 PMCID: PMC7071527 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart. Palmae, Arecaceae) is a palm plant native to the Brazilian Amazon. It contains many nutrients, such as polyphenols, iron, vitamin E, and unsaturated fatty acids, so in recent years, many of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of acai have been reported. However, the effects of acai on hematopoiesis have not been investigated yet. In the present study, we administered acai extract to mice and evaluated its hematopoietic effects. Acai treatment significantly increased the erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit contents compared to controls for four days. Then, we examined the hematopoietic-related markers following a single injection. Acai administration significantly increased the levels of the hematopoietic-related hormone erythropoietin in blood compared to controls and also transiently upregulated the gene expression of Epo in the kidney. Furthermore, in the mice treated with acai extract, the kidneys were positively stained with the hypoxic probe pimonidazole in comparison to the controls. These results demonstrated that acai increases the erythropoietin expression via hypoxic action in the kidney. Acai can be expected to improve motility through hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Shibuya
- Aging Stress Response Research Project Team, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan;
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.O.)
| | - Toshihiko Toda
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yusuke Ozawa
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.O.)
| | | | - Takahiko Shimizu
- Aging Stress Response Research Project Team, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan;
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (T.T.); (Y.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-562-44-5651; Fax: +81-562-48-2373
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Yildirim C, Aydin S, Donertas B, Oner S, Kilic FS. Effects of Euterpe oleracea to Enhance Learning and Memory in a Conditioned Nicotinic and Muscarinic Receptor Response Paradigm by Modulation of Cholinergic Mechanisms in Rats. J Med Food 2019; 23:388-394. [PMID: 31580752 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Euterpe oleracea (EO) includes a large number of polyphenolic compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins that have antioxidant activities. E. oleracea was suggested to ease the oxidative stress and inflammation in brain cells. Our aim was to analyze the effects of E. oleracea on learning and memory. Seventy-two (250 ± 25 g) male Wistar albino rats were used for this study. The groups consisted of control, EO100 mg/kg, EO300 mg/kg, scopolamine 1.5 mg/kg, mecamylamine 7.5 mg/kg, combinations of scopolamine with EO100 mg/kg, EO300 mg/kg, and rivastigmine 1.5 mg/kg; and mecamylamine combined with EO100 mg/kg. Before the start of the study, E. oleracea doses were provided once a day for a period of 15 days and for a 6-day experimental period. Thirty minutes after intraperitoneal scopolamine and mecamylamine injections, gastrogavage was applied to each group. Ninety minutes after the drug treatments, locomotor activity and Morris water maze tests were performed. Rats were killed and each hippocampus was used for the quantification of acetylcholine (Ach). Statistical analyses were calculated using one-way and two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA), and a value of P < .05 was considered significant. In groups EO100 mg/kg and EO300 mg/kg the results did not show any significant changes on learning and memory compared with the control group. Mecamylamine and scopolamine enhanced the latency for the escape platform, and decreased the time spent in escape platform quadrant when the memory tests were applied in reference to the control value of P < .05. Scopolamine and mecamylamine combinations of EO100 mg/kg, EO300 mg/kg, and rivastigmine were proven to improve the memory. There was significant difference between the first and fifth days of the learning tests in all the groups, but no significant difference occurred between the groups. Ach levels in hippocampi supported all memory tests. We suggest that E. oleracea made no alterations on learning and memory, but still improved nicotinic and muscarinic receptor-mediated and impaired memory just as rivastigmine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cafer Yildirim
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Sule Aydin
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Basak Donertas
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Setenay Oner
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sultan Kilic
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Eskisehir Osmangazi, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Antioxidant Properties of Amazonian Fruits: A Mini Review of In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8204129. [PMID: 30911350 PMCID: PMC6398032 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8204129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana, and French Guiana share an area of 7,295,710 km2 of the Amazon region. It is estimated that the Amazonian forest offers the greatest flora and fauna biodiversity on the planet and on its surface could cohabit 50% of the total existing living species; according to some botanists, it would contain about 16-20% of the species that exist today. This region has native fruit trees in which functional properties are reported as antioxidant and antiproliferative characteristics. Amazon plants offer a great therapeutic potential attributed to the content of bioactive phytochemicals. The aim of this mini review is to examine the state of the art of the main bioactive components of the most studied Amazonian plants. Among the main functional compounds reported were phenolic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, phytosterols, and tocopherols, with flavonoids and carotenoids being the groups of greatest interest. The main beneficial effect reported has been the antioxidant effect, evaluated in most of the fruits investigated; other reported functional properties were antimicrobial, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, analgesic, immunomodulatory, anticancer, bronchodilator, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory, including hypercholesterolemic effects, leishmanicidal activity, induction of apoptosis, protective action against diabetes, gastroprotective activity, and antidepressant effects.
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Ferreira EDS, Rogez HLG, Herman CANP. EFFECT OF THE COMBINATION OF ENZYMATIC PREPARATIONS ON THE AQUEOUS EXTRACTION YIELD OF THE OIL FROM THE PULP OF Euterpe oleracea FRUIT. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20180354s20170305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Costa HC, Silva DO, Vieira LGM. Physical properties of açai-berry pulp and kinetics study of its anthocyanin thermal degradation. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Açai ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) Seed Extract Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Lung Carcinoma Cells. Foods 2018; 7:foods7110178. [PMID: 30373103 PMCID: PMC6262440 DOI: 10.3390/foods7110178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Açai fruit has been studied for its antioxidant properties, with positive feedback against many diseases, including cancer. Although açai seeds are not edible, their composition has been studied in order to find new applications and reduce garbage generation. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects and impacts on the cell cycle and apoptosis of açai seed extract (ASE) on human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). Antioxidant activity of açai seed extract (ASE) was measured by DPPH assay, Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (ABTS/TEAC), Ferric Reducing Ability (FRAP) and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Human lung carcinoma cell viability (A549) was monitored by MTT assay method and the effects on cell cycle and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. The results indicate high antioxidant activity in ASE and high values of total phenolic compounds (37.08 ± 8.56 g gallic acid/100 g). The MTT assay showed a maximum decrease (72.07%) in the viability of A549 cells after 48 h treatment with ASE (200 µg/mL). Flow cytometer analysis revealed that ASE increased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase and promoted a high increase of apoptotic cells when compared to the untreated cells. The present study suggests that ASE has a high antioxidant capacity and may have a protective effect against lung cancer.
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18
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Alessandra-Perini J, Rodrigues-Baptista KC, Machado DE, Nasciutti LE, Perini JA. Anticancer potential, molecular mechanisms and toxicity of Euterpe oleracea extract (açaí): A systematic review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200101. [PMID: 29966007 PMCID: PMC6028114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an increasingly frequent malignancy worldwide, and despite the advances in drug development, it is still necessary to develop new plant-derived medicines. Euterpe oleracea (açaí) is abundant in South and Central America and has health benefits due to its high levels of phytochemicals, including lignans and polyphenols. The aim of this review was to systematically describe the safety and antitumor effects of açaí in preclinical models using rodents to provide a more comprehensive assessment of açaí for both therapeutic uses and the development of future clinical studies in cancer. Eligible studies were identified using four international databases (PubMed, Medline, Lilacs and SciELO) from their inception date through December 2017. The included studies were analyzed with methodological rigor (QATRS) to enable better quality control for these experimental studies. Sixty publications were identified in the databases, but only 9 articles were eligible: 6 evaluated the pharmacological effects of açaí in animal models of cancer (1 model each of esophageal cancer, urothelial cancer, melanoma and Walker-256 tumor and 2 models of colon cancer), and 3 were toxicological assays using preclinical models with rodents. Overall, 747 animals were analyzed. On a QATRS score scale of 0-20, the quality of the studies ranged from 16 to 20 points. Pulp was the main fraction of açaí administered, and an oral administration route was most common. The açaí dosage administered by gavage ranged from 30 mg/kg to 40,000 mg/kg, and açaí fed in the diet accounted for 2.5% to 5% of the diet. The anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive activities of açaí were observed in all experimental models of cancer and reduced the incidence, tumor cell proliferation, multiplicity and size of the tumors due to the antiinflammatory, antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties of açaí. No genotoxic effects were observed after açaí administration. The results of this review suggest that açaí is safe and can be used as a chemoprotective agent against cancer development. Açaí therapy may be a novel strategy for treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Alessandra-Perini
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Karina Cristina Rodrigues-Baptista
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment—ENSP, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Escorsim Machado
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- University Center IBMR, Laureate Universities, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Morphological Science Program—PCM, Biomedical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jamila Alessandra Perini
- Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Sciences—LAPESF, West Zone State University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Program of Post-graduation in Public Health and Environment—ENSP, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics—INTO, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Study of rheological properties of açai berry pulp: an analysis of its time-dependent behavior and the effect of temperature. J Biol Phys 2018; 44:557-577. [PMID: 29946928 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-018-9506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The industry of açai-based products has been growing in the last few years. Knowledge about the physical properties of açai pulp, including its rheology, is essential to the optimization of industrial processes. This work presents the rheological behavior of açai berry pulp in relation to the effects of shear rate, temperature, and time of shearing. The entire study was carried out in the temperature range of 10-70 °C. Açai pulp showed a non-Newtonian, pseudoplastic, and time-dependent behavior. Four upward and backward shear rate cycles were evaluated, resulting in complex hysteresis loops, in which thixotropy and anti-thixotropy zones were observed. Downward flow curves could be satisfactorily represented by the Power-Law rheological model. The stress profiles as a function of shear rate obtained in the first upward curves suggest a breakdown of the initial fluid structure at low shear rates. Tests were also carried out at a constant shear rate of 20 s-1 and, in this case, the Weltman model of thixotropy satisfactorily fit the experimental data. The activation energy, which was calculated by the Arrhenius equation, was 29.0 kJ/mol. The achievements of this work may be useful to further studies about açai pulp rheology and may contribute to process design in the açai industry.
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Martins ICVS, Borges NA, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B, Rogez H, Pinheiro MCN, Nascimento JLM, Mafra D. The value of the Brazilian açai fruit as a therapeutic nutritional strategy for chronic kidney disease patients. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:2207-2220. [PMID: 29915880 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit from the Amazon region in Brazil contains bioactive compounds such as α-tocopherol, anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-glycoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside), and other flavonoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the prebiotic activity of anthocyanins in modulating the composition of gut microbiota has emerged as an additional mechanism by which anthocyanins exert health-promoting effects. Açai consumption may be a nutritional therapeutic strategy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients since these patients present with oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysbiosis. However, the ability of açai to modulate these conditions has not been studied in CKD, and this review presents recent information about açai and its possible therapeutic effects in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C V S Martins
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Federal University Pará (UFPA), Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92 - Umarizal, Belém, PA, 66055-240, Brazil.
| | - Natália A Borges
- Cardiovascular Science Graduate Program, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hervé Rogez
- Centre for Agro-food Valorisation of Amazonian Bioactive Compound, UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - José L M Nascimento
- Neuroscience and Cell Biology Graduate Program, Federal University Pará (UFPA), Av. Generalíssimo Deodoro, 92 - Umarizal, Belém, PA, 66055-240, Brazil
- Neuroscience Research, Ceuma University, São Luis, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Cardiovascular Science Graduate Program, Federal University Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
- Medical Science Graduate Program, UFF, Niterói, Brazil
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Alessandra-Perini J, Perini JA, Rodrigues-Baptista KC, de Moura RS, Junior AP, dos Santos TA, Souza PJC, Nasciutti LE, Machado DE. Euterpe oleracea extract inhibits tumorigenesis effect of the chemical carcinogen DMBA in breast experimental cancer. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:116. [PMID: 29609579 PMCID: PMC5879811 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Among the processes involved in the breast tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis and inflammation play a central role, and the main factors of these processes are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and macrophages. Recently, the extract of Euterpe oleracea (açaí), a fruit that is widely found in the Amazon region, already showed antitumorigenic effects in vitro in human breast cancer cell lines. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of açaí on breast cancer using a chemically DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene) experimental model. Methods One day after initiation of treatment with açaí, mammary carcinogenesis was induced in female Wistar rats using a subcutaneous injection of 25 mg/kg of DMBA in the mammary gland. Forty rats were randomized into two groups: treated with 200 mg/kg of either açaí extract or vehicle, via gastric tube for 16 consecutive weeks. After treatment, the tumor was collected for macroscopic, histological and immunohistochemical (VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 -VEGFR-2, COX-2 and matrix metalloproteinase -MMP-9) analyses; peritoneal fluid was subjected to flow cytometry (F4–80/MAC-2+) and ELISA immunoassay (VEGF, prostaglandin E2 -PGE2 and interleukin-10 -IL-10). Heart, liver and kidney samples were collected for histological analysis. Results After 16 weeks of induction, the mammary carcinoma was confirmed by macroscopic and histological evaluation. Survival analysis indicates that açaí increased the survival (P = .0002, long-rank test) and reduced the deaths number (P = .0036, Chi-square test). Açaí treatment decreased the number of inflammatory cells and macrophage positive cells (Mac-2 + F4–80+), as well as promoting a reduction in immunostaining of VEGF, VEGFR-2 and COX-2. The açaí group also exhibited lower concentrations of PGE2, VEGF and IL-10 compared to the control. The histopathological results of the liver and kidneys showed protective effect of açaí, since in the control group, there was an increase in fibrosis, atypical cells and hemorrhagic microenvironment. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated the antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of açaí, like due to the decreases of the number of activated macrophages, resulting in the inhibition of DMBA carcinogenicity in breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2183-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Nascimento VHND, Lima CDS, Paixão JTC, Freitas JJDS, Kietzer KS. Antioxidant effects of açaí seed ( Euterpe oleracea ) in anorexia-cachexia syndrome induced by Walker-256 tumor. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 31:597-601. [PMID: 27737344 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020160090000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess antioxidant effects of açaí seed extract on anorexia-cachexia induced by Walker-256 tumor. METHODS: A population of 20 lab rats were distributed into four groups (n=5): Control Group (CG), which only received tumor inoculation. Experimental Group-100 (EG-100), with animals submitted to tumor inoculation and treated with seed extract in a 100 mg / ml concentration through gavage. Experimental Group-200 (EG-200), with animals submitted to tumor inoculation and treated with seed extract in a 200 mg / ml concentration. Placebo Group (GP), which received tumor inoculation and ethanol-water solution. We analyzed proteolysis, lipid peroxidation, tumor diameter and weight. RESULTS: Lipid peroxidation was representative only in the cerebral cortex, where there was more oxidative stress in rats treated with the extract (p = 0.0276). For proteolysis, there was less muscle damage in untreated rats (p = 0.0312). Only tumor diameter in treated rats was significantly lower (p = 0.0200) compared to untreated ones. CONCLUSIONS: The açaí seed extract showed no beneficial effect on the general framework of the cachectic syndrome in lab rats. However, some anticarcinogenic effects were observed in the tumor diameter and weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Hugo Nunes do Nascimento
- Graduation student, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual do Pará (UEPA) Brazil. Grant from Institutional Program for Scientific Initiation (PIBIC) of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; technical procedures; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Carla Dos Santos Lima
- Graduation student, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual do Pará (UEPA) Brazil. Grant from Institutional Program for Scientific Initiation (PIBIC) of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; technical procedures; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Jorge Tadeu Campos Paixão
- Graduation student, School of Medicine, Universidade Estadual do Pará (UEPA) Brazil. Grant from Institutional Program for Scientific Initiation (PIBIC) of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; technical procedures; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; manuscript writing
| | - Jofre Jacob da Silva Freitas
- PhD, Full Professor, Laboratory of Morphophysiology Applied to Health, Postgraduate Program in Surgery and Experimental Research, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; critical revision; final approval
| | - Katia Simone Kietzer
- PhD, Associate Professor, Laboratory of Morphophysiology Applied to Health, Postgraduate Program in Surgery and Experimental Research, UEPA, Belem-PA, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; critical revision, final approval
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23
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Kang MH, Choi S, Kim BH. Skin Wound Healing Effects and Action Mechanism of Acai Berry Water Extracts. Toxicol Res 2017; 33:149-156. [PMID: 28503264 PMCID: PMC5426502 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2017.33.2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the wound healing effect of acai berry water extracts (ABWE) and a possible underlying mechanism involved in its action using various in vitro and in vivo models. The wound healing effect of ABWE was evaluated by migration assay using HS68 fibroblast cells. In addition, its effect on mRNA expression of procollagen, fibronectin, and MMP-1 was determined. Moreover, the wound healing effect of ABWE was evaluated in in vivo wound models through macroscopic and microscopic observation. In addition, mRNA expression levels of wound related genes were determined. Results revealed that ABWE was not cytotoxic. It increased migration of HS68 fibroblast cells. ABWE increased mRNA expression levels of fibronectin but decreased the mRNA expression levels of MMP-1. ABWE also showed significantly potent wound healing effect in vivo based on macroscopic and histopathological observation and mRNA expression evaluation for wound related genes. Taken together, our results indicated that ABWE might have potential as a wound healing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hyun Kang
- Major in Public Health, Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seunghye Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bae-Hwan Kim
- Major in Public Health, Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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24
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Dutra RC, Campos MM, Santos AR, Calixto JB. Medicinal plants in Brazil: Pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges and perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:4-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Romualdo GR, Fragoso MF, Borguini RG, de Araújo Santiago MCP, Fernandes AAH, Barbisan LF. Protective effects of spray-dried açaí ( Euterpe oleracea Mart) fruit pulp against initiation step of colon carcinogenesis. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Colombo NBR, Rangel MP, Martins V, Hage M, Gelain DP, Barbeiro DF, Grisolia CK, Parra ER, Capelozzi VL. Caryocar brasiliense camb protects against genomic and oxidative damage in urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [PMID: 26200231 PMCID: PMC4568814 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant effects of Caryocar brasiliense Camb, commonly known
as the pequi fruit, have not been evaluated to determine their protective effects
against oxidative damage in lung carcinogenesis. In the present study, we evaluated
the role of pequi fruit against urethane-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in
forty 8-12 week old male BALB/C mice. An in vivo comet assay was
performed to assess DNA damage in lung tissues and changes in lipid peroxidation and
redox cycle antioxidants were monitored for oxidative stress. Prior supplementation
with pequi oil or its extract (15 µL, 60 days) significantly reduced urethane-induced
oxidative stress. A protective effect against DNA damage was associated with the
modulation of lipid peroxidation and low protein and gene expression of nitric oxide
synthase. These findings suggest that the intake of pequi fruit might protect against
in vivo genotoxicity and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B R Colombo
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - M P Rangel
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - V Martins
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - M Hage
- Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - D P Gelain
- Departamento de Stress Oxidativo, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, RS, BR
| | - D F Barbeiro
- Departamento de Emergência Clínica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - C K Grisolia
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, BR
| | - E R Parra
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
| | - V L Capelozzi
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, BR
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27
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Yamaguchi KKDL, Pereira LFR, Lamarão CV, Lima ES, da Veiga-Junior VF. Amazon acai: chemistry and biological activities: a review. Food Chem 2015; 179:137-51. [PMID: 25722148 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acai (acai or assai) is one of the Amazon's most popular functional foods and widely used in the world. There are many benefits to its alleged use in the growing market for nutraceuticals. The acai extracts have a range of polyphenolic components with antioxidant properties, some of those present in greater quantity are orientin, isoorientin and vanillic acid, as well as anthocyanins cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside. The presence of these substances is linked mainly to the antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, anti-proliferative and cardioprotective activities. Importantly, there are two main species of the Euterpe genus which produce acai. There are several differences between them but they are still quite unknown, from literature to producers and consumers. In this review are highlighted the chemical composition, botanical aspects, pharmacological, marketing and nutrition of these species based on studies published in the last five years in order to unify the current knowledge and dissimilarities between them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Felipe Ravazi Pereira
- Chemistry Department, Amazonas Federal University, Av. Rodrigo Octávio, 6.200, Japiim, Manaus, AM 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Victor Lamarão
- Chemistry Department, Amazonas Federal University, Av. Rodrigo Octávio, 6.200, Japiim, Manaus, AM 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty, Amazonas Federal University, Alexandre Amorin Street, 330, Aparecida, Manaus, AM 69010300, Brazil
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28
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Ding J, Xu D, Pan C, Ye M, Kang J, Bai Q, Qi J. Current animal models of bladder cancer: Awareness of translatability (Review). Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:691-699. [PMID: 25120584 PMCID: PMC4113637 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental animal models are crucial in the study of biological behavior and pathological development of cancer, and evaluation of the efficacy of novel therapeutic or preventive agents. A variety of animal models that recapitulate human urothelial cell carcinoma have thus far been established and described, while models generated by novel techniques are emerging. At present a number of reviews on animal models of bladder cancer comprise the introduction of one type of method, as opposed to commenting on and comparing all classifications, with the merits of a certain method being explicit but the shortcomings not fully clarified. Thus the aim of the present study was to provide a summary of the currently available animal models of bladder cancer including transplantable (which could be divided into xenogeneic or syngeneic, heterotopic or orthotopic), carcinogen-induced and genetically engineered models in order to introduce their materials and methods and compare their merits as well as focus on the weaknesses, difficulties in operation, associated problems and translational potential of the respective models. Findings of these models would provide information for authors and clinicians to select an appropriate model or to judge relevant preclinical study findings. Pertinent detection methods are therefore briefly introduced and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- Department of Urology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Ding Xu
- Department of Urology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Chunwu Pan
- Department of Urology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Min Ye
- Department of Urology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Urology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Bai
- Department of Urology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Urology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Yangpu, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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29
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Madka V, Zhang Y, Li Q, Mohammed A, Sindhwani P, Lightfoot S, Wu XR, Kopelovich L, Rao CV. p53-stabilizing agent CP-31398 prevents growth and invasion of urothelial cancer of the bladder in transgenic UPII-SV40T mice. Neoplasia 2013; 15:966-74. [PMID: 23908596 PMCID: PMC3730047 DOI: 10.1593/neo.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence of bladder cancer and its recurrence make it an important target for chemoprevention. About half of invasive urothelial tumors have mutations in p53. We determined the chemopreventive efficacy of a p53-stabilizing agent, CP-31398, in a transgenic UPII-SV40T mouse model of bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) that strongly resembles human TCC. After genotyping, six-week-old UPII-SV40T mice (n = 30/group) were fed control (AIN-76A) or experimental diets containing 150 or 300 ppm of CP-31398 for 34 weeks. Progression of bladder cancer growth was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. At 40 weeks of age, all mice were killed; urinary bladders were collected to determine weights, tumor incidence, and histopathology. There was a significant increase in bladder weights of transgenic versus wild-type mice (male: 140.2 mg vs 27.3 mg, P < .0001; female: 34.2 mg vs 14.8 mg, P < .0001). A significant decrease in the bladder tumor weights (by 68.6-80.2%, P < .0001 in males and by 36.9-55.3%, P < .0001 in females) was observed in CP-31398-treated mice. Invasive papillary TCC incidence was 100% in transgenic mice fed control diet. Both male and female mice exposed to CP-31398 showed inhibition of invasive TCC. CP-31398 (300 ppm) completely blocked invasion in female mice. Molecular analysis of the bladder tumors showed an increase in apoptosis markers (p53, p21, Bax, and Annexin V) with a decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor in transgenic mice fed CP-31398. These results suggest that p53-modulating agents can serve as potential chemopreventive agents for bladder TCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkateshwar Madka
- Department of Medicine, Hem-Onc Section, PC Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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30
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Gironés-Vilaplana A, Villaño D, Moreno DA, García-Viguera C. New isotonic drinks with antioxidant and biological capacities from berries (maqui, açaí and blackthorn) and lemon juice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:897-906. [PMID: 23815554 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.809406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to design new isotonic drinks with lemon juice and berries: maqui [Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz], açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.), following on from previous research. Quality parameters - including colour (CIELab parameters), minerals, phytochemical identification and quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector, total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, the antioxidant capacity (ABTS(+), DPPH• and [Formula: see text] assays) and biological activities (in vitro alpha-glucosidase and lipase inhibitory effects) - were tested in the samples and compared to commercially available isotonic drinks. The new isotonic blends with lemon and anthocyanins-rich berries showed an attractive colour, especially in maqui samples, which is essential for consumer acceptance. Significantly higher antioxidant and biological effects were determined in the new blends, in comparison with the commercial isotonic beverages.
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31
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Fragoso MF, Romualdo GR, Ribeiro DA, Barbisan LF. Açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) feeding attenuates dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:68-76. [PMID: 23597449 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect of spray-dried açaí powder (AP) intake on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in male Wistar rats. After 4 weeks of DMH administrations, the groups were fed with standard diet, a diet containing 2.5% or 5.0% AP or a diet containing 0.2% N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 10 weeks, using aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as the endpoint. Additionally, two groups were fed with standard diet or a diet containing 5.0% AP for 20 weeks, using colon tumors as the endpoint. In ACF assay, a reduction in the number of aberrant crypts (ACs) and ACF (1-3 AC) were observed in the groups fed with 5.0% AP (37% AC and 47% ACF inhibition, p=0.036) and 0.2% NAC (39% AC and 41% ACF inhibition, p=0.042). In tumor assay, a reduction in the number of invasive tumors (p<0.005) and tumor multiplicity (p=0.001) was observed in the group fed with 5.0% AP. Also, a reduction in tumor Ki-67 cell proliferation (p=0.003) and net growth index (p=0.001) was observed in the group fed with 5.0% AP. Therefore the findings of this study indicate that AP feeding may reduce the development of chemically-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana F Fragoso
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, School of Medicine, Program of Post-Graduation in Pathology, Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil
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