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Chu Y, Xu L, Gan L, Qiao W, Han J, Mei X, Guo H, Li W, Pei C, Gong H, Guo X. Efficient destruction of emerging contaminants in water by UV/S(IV) process with natural reoxygenation: Effect of pH on reactive species. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 198:117143. [PMID: 33905975 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UV/sulfite systems with oxygen have recently been considered as advanced oxidation processes in view of the participation of oxysulfur radicals. However, the contribution of •OH and the efficiency of destructing emerging contaminants (ECs) in water remain largely unclear. Here, the UV/S(IV) process was applied with natural reoxygenation to degrade two typical ECs, diethyl phthalate (DEP) and bisphenol A (BPA) showing different properties. Solution pH played the key role in determining the reactive species, and both DEP and BPA were more favorably degraded at more alkaline conditions with higher utilization efficiency of SO32-. Specifically, the H•, O2•-, •OH and SO3•- were identified at acidic condition, but the amount of •OH accumulated significantly with the elevation of pH. Competitive quenching experiments showed that eaq- and •OH dominated the degradation of DEP and BPA at alkaline condition, respectively. Besides, DEP showed higher quantum efficiency for the indirect photolysis and mineralization degree than that of BPA at pH 9.2 mainly due to the direct use of the primary photoproduct. The possible transformation mechanisms of S(IV) and mineralization routes of both pollutants were proposed. This study may provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in UV/S(IV) process and a promising alternative for efficient removal of ECs in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Chu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Xu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Gan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weichuan Qiao
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Mei
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - He Guo
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Pei
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Gong
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Guo
- Center of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
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Park CM, Heo J, Wang D, Su C, Yoon Y. Heterogeneous activation of persulfate by reduced graphene oxide-elemental silver/magnetite nanohybrids for the oxidative degradation of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in water. APPLIED CATALYSIS. B, ENVIRONMENTAL 2018; 225:91-99. [PMID: 32704206 PMCID: PMC7376738 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Reduced graphene oxide hybridized with zero-valent silver and magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) (rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 nanohybrids) prepared via in situ nucleation and crystallization was used to activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) for degradation of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds (phenol, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, bisphenol A, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethinyl estradiol). The deposition of Ag0 and Fe3O4 in rGO nanosheet enhanced the catalytic removal of phenol in the heterogeneous activation of PDS. The adsorption capacities of rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 for 10 μM phenol were 1.76, 1.33, and 2.04 μmol g-1-adsorbent at pH 4, 7, and 10, respectively, which are much higher than those of single NPs studied (Ag0, nanoscale zero-valent iron, and rGO). The rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 effectively activated PDS to produce strong oxidizing SO4·and facilitate an electron transfer on the surface of the nanohybrid. The initial pseudo-first-order rate (k ini) constant for phenol degradation in PDS/rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 system was 0.46 h-1 at pH 7, which is approximately eight times higher than that in the presence of single NPs (k ini = 0.04-0.06 h-1) due to the synergistic effects between adsorption and catalytic oxidation. Among various organic contaminants tested, the simultaneous use of rGO-Ag0/Fe3O4 (0.1 g/L) and PDS (1 mM) achieved more than 99% degradation of acetaminophen and 17β-estradiol at pH 7. The radical scavenging studies with methanol and natural organic matter indicated that phenol was more likely to be degraded via free SO4·- and ·OH formation or a non-radical oxidative pathway. Our findings indicate that the rGO-Ag0/Fe O nanohybrids can be used as an efficient magnetically-separable nanocatalyst for removal of organic compounds in water and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Min Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
- National Research Council Research Associate at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Jiyong Heo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Army Academy at Youngcheon, 495 Hogook-ro, Gokyungmeon, Youngcheon, Gyeongbuk 38900, South Korea
| | - Dengjun Wang
- National Research Council Research Associate at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Chunming Su
- Groundwater, Watershed and Ecosystem Restoration Division, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 919 Kerr Research Drive, Ada, OK 74820, USA
| | - Yeomin Yoon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of South Carolina, 300 Main Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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Naumann R, Lehmann F, Goez M. Generating Hydrated Electrons for Chemical Syntheses by Using a Green Light-Emitting Diode (LED). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1078-1081. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Naumann
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Institut für Chemie; Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Florian Lehmann
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Institut für Chemie; Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Martin Goez
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Institut für Chemie; Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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Naumann R, Lehmann F, Goez M. Generating Hydrated Electrons for Chemical Syntheses by Using a Green Light-Emitting Diode (LED). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Naumann
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Institut für Chemie; Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Florian Lehmann
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Institut für Chemie; Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Martin Goez
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Institut für Chemie; Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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Zhang Y, Tao Y, Sun G, Wang L. Effects of di-n-butyl phthalate on the physiology and ultrastructure of cucumber seedling roots. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:6662-70. [PMID: 24573460 PMCID: PMC4021170 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural pollution caused by the use of plastic sheetings has been documented to be a widespread problem in most of the major crop-planting regions of the world. In order to better understand the phytotoxic mechanisms induced by phthalic acid esters involved with this problem, Cucumber sativus L. cv Jinyan No. 4 were sown in pots to the three-leaf-stage in the presence of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP; 0, 30, 50, 100, and 200 mg L(-1)) for 1, 3, 5, or 7 days. Physiology, biochemistry, and ultrastructure of seedling roots were examined. The results indicated that activities of three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)) were stimulated at low-DBP treatments and decreased under higher levels (>100 mg L(-1)) compared to the controls. On the other hand, SOD and POD provided a better defense against DBP-induced oxidative damage in the roots of cucumber seeding, compared to CAT. The productions of both malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (Pro) were promoted under DBP stress. Visible impact on the cytoderm, mitochondrion, and vacuole was detected, possibly as a consequence of free radical generation. These results suggested that activation of the antioxidant system by DBP led to the formation of reactive oxygen species that resulted in cellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Tao
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Sun
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030 People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Du N, Ma G, Yang A, Zhang H, Wang Z, Song Q. Effects of diethylphthalate and di-(2-ethyl)hexylphthalate on the physiology and ultrastructure of cucumber seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:1020-1028. [PMID: 23860597 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1884-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are one kind of persistent organic pollutants. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of diethylphthalate (DEP) and di(2-ethyl)hexylphthalate (DEHP) with different concentrations (0, 30, 50, 100, and 200 mg L(-1)) on early seedling growth of Cucumis sativus L. Physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructure of seedling leaves were examined for 7-day exposure. The three antioxidant enzymes' activities was stimulated at low-DEP treatments and decreased under higher levels (>200 mg L(-1)) compared to the controls. Furthermore, MDA and H2O2 gradually enhanced with the elevation of DEP and DEHP concentration. Significant impact on the chloroplast and mitochondrion was visible, possibly as a consequence of free radical generation. DEP induced bigger and more starch grains in chloroplasts than DEHP. This study concluded that the effects of DEP and DEHP on cucumber seedlings represented the adverse impacts of DEP and DEHP on the ecosystem and agricultural production. The environmental harm caused by DEP was severer than DEHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China,
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