1
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Ju G, Huang Z, Zhao Y. Trialkoxysilane-Induced Iridium-Catalyzed para-Selective C-H Bond Borylation of Arenes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2847. [PMID: 38565860 PMCID: PMC10987550 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
An ideal approach for the construction of aryl boron compounds is to selectively replace a C-H bond in arenes with a C-B bond, and controlling regioselectivity is one of the most challenging aspects of these transformations. Herein, we report an iridium-catalyzed trialkoxysilane protecting group-assisted regioselective C-H borylation of arenes, including derivatives of benzaldehydes, acetophenones, benzoic acids, benzyl alcohols, phenols, aryl silanes, benzyl silanes, and multi-functionalized aromatic rings are all well tolerated and gave the para -selective C-H borylation products in a short time without the requirement of inert gases atmosphere. The site-selective C-H borylation can be adjustable by installing the developed trialkoxysilane protecting group on different functional groups on one aromatic ring. Importantly, the preparation process of the trialkoxychlorosilane is efficient and scalable. Mechanistic and computational studies reveal that the steric hindrance of the trialkoxysilane protecting group plays a key role in dictating the para-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Ju
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453000, China.
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2
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Wang K, Zhang S, Dedovets D, Pera-Titus M. Ethanol Foams Stabilized by Isobutyl-Based POSS-Organosilica Dual-Particle Assemblies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:13282-13290. [PMID: 38438276 PMCID: PMC10941061 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Nonaqueous foams in low-surface tension solvents (<25 mN·m-1) are highly desired for applications in fire extinguishers and detoxification gels. However, their formation is a Holy Grail of the chemical industry due to the need for stabilizers with low surface energy and high recyclability. Herein, we disclose a new strategy to generate abundant foams in ethanol and a variety of low-surface tension solvents relying on the interfacial coadsorption of two different particles. The particles consist of surface-active fluorinated silica particles, used as a stabilizer, and a novel amphiphilic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) decorated with isobutyl cage substituents, used as a frother. The interaction between POSS and fluorinated particles at the ethanol-air interface was thoroughly investigated by combining physicochemical methods (contact angle, dynamic surface tension, and dynamic light scattering methods) and catalytic tests using the model aerobic oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol. Both particles could be conveniently recycled for at least 5 consecutive runs with high foamability and catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Shi Zhang
- Laboratoire
du Futur (LOF), UMR 5258 CNRS-Solvay-Universite
Bordeaux 1, 178 Av Dr
Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Dmytro Dedovets
- Laboratoire
du Futur (LOF), UMR 5258 CNRS-Solvay-Universite
Bordeaux 1, 178 Av Dr
Albert Schweitzer, 33608 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Marc Pera-Titus
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
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3
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Hu F, Cheng B, Cong K, Li D, Zhang W, Qin Z, Yang R. Enhancing Char Formation and Flame Retardancy of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA)/Aluminum Hydroxide (ATH) Composites by Grafting Ladder Phenyl/Vinyl Polysilsesquioxane (PhVPOSS). Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3312. [PMID: 37571206 PMCID: PMC10422530 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The ladder phenyl/vinyl polysilsesquioxane (PhVPOSS) was used to improve the flame-retardancy performances of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/aluminum hydroxide (ATH) composites due to the reactivity of its vinyl groups. FTIR, XPS, 1H NMR, and SEM-EDS data demonstrated the PhVPOSS grafting onto EVA molecular chains. The PhVPOSS improved the thermal stability of EVA/ATH composites, as shown by the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, with the cone calorimeter (CONE) experiments, EVA/ATH/PhVPOSS showed better fire safety than the EVA/ATH composites, with the PHRR, PSPR, and PCOP reduced by 7.89%, 57.4%, and 90.9%, respectively. The mechanism investigations of flame retardancy revealed that the charring behaviors of the EVA/ATH/PhVPOSS composites were improved by the formation of Si-C bonds and Si-O bonds, and a more compact and denser char layer can contribute more to the barrier effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa Hu
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (F.H.)
- SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (F.H.)
| | - Kun Cong
- China Petroleum Engineering & Construction Corporation, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Dinghua Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (F.H.)
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (F.H.)
| | - Zhaolu Qin
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (F.H.)
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (F.H.)
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4
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Polysilsesquioxane reinforced cardanol derived elastomeric thermoset: preparation, characterization and properties. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-022-01080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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5
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Marchesi S, Miletto I, Bisio C, Gianotti E, Marchese L, Carniato F. Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ @ PSQ: Dual Luminescent Polyhedral Oligomeric Polysilsesquioxanes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7996. [PMID: 36431482 PMCID: PMC9694933 DOI: 10.3390/ma15227996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of novel luminescent amorphous POSS-based polysilsesquioxanes (PSQs) with Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions directly integrated in the polysilsesquioxane matrix is presented. Two different Tb3+/Eu3+ molar ratios were applied, with the aim of disclosing the relationships between the nature and loading of the ions and the luminescence properties. Particular attention was given to the investigation of site geometry and hydration state of the metal centers in the inorganic framework, and of the effect of the Tb3+ → Eu3+ energy transfer on the overall optical properties of the co-doped materials. The obtained materials were characterized by high photostability and colors of the emitted light ranging from orange to deep red, as a function of both the Tb3+/Eu3+ molar ratio and the chosen excitation wavelength. A good energy transfer was observed, with higher efficiency displayed when donor/sensitizer concentration was lower than the acceptor/activator concentration. The easiness of preparation and the possibility to finely tune the photoluminescence properties make these materials valid candidates for several applications, including bioimaging, sensors, ratiometric luminescence-based thermometers, and optical components in inorganic or hybrid light-emitting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Marchesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Ivana Miletto
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani, 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Bisio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- CNR-SCITEC Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, Via G. Venezian, 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Enrica Gianotti
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Piazza Sant’Eusebio, 5, 13100 Vercelli, Italy
| | - Leonardo Marchese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabio Carniato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Teresa Michel, 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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6
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Frydrych M, Sztorch B, Brząkalski D, Kozera R, Konieczna R, Osiecki T, Przekop RE. Silsesquioxane-Doped Electrospun Nanofibrillar Membranes for Separation Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173569. [PMID: 36080643 PMCID: PMC9460418 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a series of cage siloxanes (CS), e.g., three polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (SSQs) and one spherosilicate (SS) derivative, were applied as functional additives for the preparation of poly(lactic acid)-based (PLA) nanofibrillar membranes with an electrospinning technique utilizing an efficient spinning wire electrode setup. The impact of the additives’ structure, chemistry, and electrospinning parameters on the obtained materials’ morphology (scanning electron microscopy) and physicochemical (thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, contact angle analysis, air flow analysis) properties is discussed. It is presented that applying organosilicon additives may extend the already tuneable properties of the membranes produced by electrospinning performed under different conditions and that they enable to obtain nanofibres of smaller diameter, which in turn increases the membrane porosity. Furthermore, the solvent-assisted electrospinning method allowed for unparalleled mixing of the PLA matrix with the CS additives, as no traces of free additives were visible on the membranes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. The resulting membranes can be utilized as filter materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Frydrych
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogna Sztorch
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dariusz Brząkalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafał Kozera
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roksana Konieczna
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Osiecki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Straße der Nationen 62, 09111 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Robert E. Przekop
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence:
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7
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Zhang S, Dedovets D, Pera-Titus M. Oil foams stabilized by POSS/organosilica particle assemblies: application for aerobic oxidation of aromatic alcohols. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:9997-10003. [PMID: 35663126 PMCID: PMC9089673 DOI: 10.1039/d2ta00667g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel amphiphilic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) with surfactant-like behavior was synthesized. By combining this new POSS, used as a frother, with surface-active catalytic organosilica particles, used as a stabilizer, we designed a dual particle system able to generate foams in pure organic solvents. Tunable foamability and foam stability were achieved in a variety of organic solvents by simply adjusting the POSS concentration. As a result, the catalytic activity was drastically boosted in the aerobic oxidation of pure aromatic alcohols under 1 bar O2 pressure. Particles were conveniently recycled with high foamability and the catalytic efficiency was maintained for at least 7 consecutive runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Zhang
- Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone 201108 Shanghai China
- Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), UMR 5258 CNRS-Solvay-Universite Bordeaux 1 178 Av Dr Albert Schweitzer 33608 Pessac Cedex France
| | - Dmytro Dedovets
- Laboratoire du Futur (LOF), UMR 5258 CNRS-Solvay-Universite Bordeaux 1 178 Av Dr Albert Schweitzer 33608 Pessac Cedex France
| | - Marc Pera-Titus
- Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory (E2P2L), UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay 3966 Jin Du Road, Xin Zhuang Ind Zone 201108 Shanghai China
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place Cardiff CF10 3AT UK
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8
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Synthesis of Novel Luminescent Double-Decker Silsesquioxanes Based on Partially Condensed TetraSilanolPhenyl POSS and Tb3+/Eu3+ Lanthanide Ions. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, novel lanthanide-containing double-decker polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) were prepared by combining the partially condensed TetraSilanolPhenyl POSS with terbium (Tb3+) and europium (Eu3+) ions. This open-cage POSS possesses four diametrically opposite silanol groups that are able to coordinate, under mild conditions, different luminescent ions through a simple corner-capping method. The two metal-containing POSS functionalized with Tb3+ and with an equimolar combination of Tb3+ and Eu3+ show a completely condensed structure with different luminescent properties. Their emission features depend on the chemical nature of the metal ions incorporated in the framework. An improved stokes shift was detected in the bimetallic compound containing both the Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions, promoted by the occurrence of a Tb3+→Eu3+ energy transfer mechanism. These characteristics identify this metal-functionalized silica platform as a potential candidate for the development of novel luminescent devices.
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9
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Brząkalski D, Przekop RE, Frydrych M, Pakuła D, Dobrosielska M, Sztorch B, Marciniec B. Where ppm Quantities of Silsesquioxanes Make a Difference-Silanes and Cage Siloxanes as TiO 2 Dispersants and Stabilizers for Pigmented Epoxy Resins. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020494. [PMID: 35057213 PMCID: PMC8779391 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this work, silsesquioxane and spherosilicate compounds were assessed as novel organosilicon coupling agents for surface modification of TiO2 in a green process, and compared with their conventional silane counterparts. The surface-treated TiO2 particles were then applied in preparation of epoxy (EP) composites and the aspects of pigment dispersion, suspension stability, hiding power, as well as the composite mechanical and thermal properties were discussed. The studied compounds loading was between 0.005–0.015% (50–150 ppm) in respect to the bulk composite mass and resulted in increase of suspension stability and hiding power by over an order of magnitude. It was found that these compounds may be an effective alternative for silane coupling agents, yet due to their low cost and simplicity of production and manipulation, silanes and siloxanes are still the most straight-forward options available. Nonetheless, the obtained findings might encourage tuning of silsesquioxane compounds structure and probably process itself if implementation of these novel organosilicon compounds as surface treatment agents is sought for special applications, e.g., high performance coating systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Brząkalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 8 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Robert E. Przekop
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: or (R.E.P.); (B.M.)
| | - Miłosz Frydrych
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 8 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Daria Pakuła
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 8 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Marta Dobrosielska
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 141 Wołoska, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Bogna Sztorch
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 8 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 10 Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
- Correspondence: or (R.E.P.); (B.M.)
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10
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Klintuch D, Höfler MV, Wissel T, Bruhn C, Gutmann T, Pietschnig R. Trifunctional Silyl Groups as Anchoring Units in the Preparation of Luminescent Phosphole-Silica Hybrids. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:14263-14274. [PMID: 34492179 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic strategy to β-silylphospholes with three methoxy, ethoxy, chloro, hydrido, or phenyl substituents at silicon has been developed, starting from trimethoxy, triethoxy, or triphenyl silyl substituted phenyl phosphanides and 1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiyne. These trifunctional silylphospholes were attached to the surface of uniform spheric silica particles (15 μm) and, for comparison, to a polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS)-trisilanol as a molecular model to explore their luminescent properties in comparison with the free phospholes. Density functional theory calculations were performed to investigate any electronic perturbation of the phosphole system by the trifunctional silyl anchoring unit. For the immobilized phospholes, cross-polarization magic-angle-spinning NMR measurements (13C, 29Si, and 31P) were carried out to explore the bonding situation to the silica surface. Thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements were performed to approximate the amount of phospholes covering the silica surface. Identity and purity of all novel phospholes have been established with standard techniques (multinuclear NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis) and X-ray diffraction for the POSS derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Klintuch
- Institute for Chemistry and CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - Mark V Höfler
- Eduard Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical Universität (TU) Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Straße 8, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Till Wissel
- Eduard Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical Universität (TU) Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Straße 8, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Clemens Bruhn
- Institute for Chemistry and CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Institute for Chemistry and CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, Kassel 34132, Germany.,Eduard Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Technical Universität (TU) Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss Straße 8, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Rudolf Pietschnig
- Institute for Chemistry and CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich Plett-Straße 40, Kassel 34132, Germany
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11
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Stefanowska K, Szyling J, Walkowiak J, Franczyk A. Alkenyl-Functionalized Open-Cage Silsesquioxanes (RSiMe 2O) 3R' 7Si 7O 9: A Novel Class of Building Nanoblocks. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11006-11013. [PMID: 34133151 PMCID: PMC8335724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Trifunctional incompletely
condensed polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes
(RSiMe2O)3R′7Si7O9 (IC-POSSs) are considered as intriguing
building nanoblocks dedicated to constructing highly advanced organic–inorganic
molecules and polymers. Up to now, they have been mainly obtained via hydrosilylation of olefins, while the hydrosilylation
of the C≡C bonds has not been studied at all, despite the enormous
potential of this approach resulting from the possibility of introducing
3, 6, or even more functional groups into the IC-POSS structure. Therefore, in this work, we present a highly selective
and efficient synthesis of the first example of tripodal alkenyl-functionalized IC-POSSs, obtained via platinum-catalyzed
hydrosilylation of the terminal and internal alkynes, as well as symmetrically
and nonsymmetrically 1,4-disubstituted buta-1,3-diynes with silsesquioxanes
(HSiMe2O)3R′7Si7O9 (R′ = i-C4H9 (1a), (H3C)3CH2C(H3C)HCH2C (1b)). The resulting
products are synthetic intermediates that contain C=C bonds
and functional groups (e.g., OSiMe3, SiR3, Br,
F, B(O(C(CH3)2)2 (Bpin)), thienyl),
which make them suitable for application in the synthesis of novel,
complex, hybrid materials with unique properties. The first example of the synthesis of
alkenyl-functionalized
open-cage silsesquioxanes (IC-POSS) via platinum-catalyzed
hydrosilylation of C−C triple bonds in alkynes and buta-1,3-diynes
is presented. The optimized synthetic procedure allowed for the selective
and efficient synthesis of 20 new functional molecules capable of
further modification by hydrosilylation, hydroboration, or other chemical
processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Stefanowska
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jakub Szyling
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adrian Franczyk
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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12
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Brząkalski D, Przekop RE, Sztorch B, Frydrych M, Pakuła D, Jałbrzykowski M, Markiewicz G, Marciniec B. Why POSS-Type Compounds Should Be Considered Nanomodifiers, Not Nanofillers-A Polypropylene Blends Case Study. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13132124. [PMID: 34203425 PMCID: PMC8271478 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a series of silsesquioxanes (SSQ) and spherosilicates (SS), comprising a group of cage siloxane (CS) compounds, was tested as functional additives for preparation of isotactic polypropylene (iPP)-based nanocomposites and discussed in the aspect of their rationale of applicability as such additives. For this purpose, the compounds were prepared by condensation and olefin hydrosilylation reactions. The effect of these cage siloxane products on properties of obtained CS/iPP nanocomposites was analyzed by means of mechanical, microscopic (scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy), thermal (differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry), thermomechanical (Vicat softening point) analyses. The results were compared with the previous findings on CS/polyolefin composites. The role of CS compounds was discussed in terms of plastic processing additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Brząkalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Robert E. Przekop
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence: or (R.E.P.); (B.M.)
| | - Bogna Sztorch
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Miłosz Frydrych
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Daria Pakuła
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Marek Jałbrzykowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.J.); (G.M.)
| | - Grzegorz Markiewicz
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland; (M.J.); (G.M.)
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (D.B.); (M.F.); (D.P.)
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence: or (R.E.P.); (B.M.)
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Silsesquioxane Derivatives as Functional Additives for Preparation of Polyethylene-Based Composites: A Case of Trisilanol Melt-Condensation. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102269. [PMID: 33023079 PMCID: PMC7601124 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, polyethylene (PE) composites were prepared with a series of completely condensed silsesquioxanes (SSQ), as well as with open-cage hepta(isobutyl)trisilanol silsesquioxane. The effect of the additives on the thermal, mechanical, rheological, and crystalline properties of the composites obtained was determined. The dispersion of trisilanol derivative within polymer matrix was slightly better than that of the other isobutyl compounds, suggesting condensation of the additive to less polar products of different structure, which was confirmed by thermogravimetry (TG) and matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry analysis. The additives improved the thermal stability of polyethylene and formed composites of higher rigidity than the neat polyolefin. The results were compared to the literature data, with aminopropylhepta(isobutyl)silsesquioxane and vinylhepta(isobutyl)silsesquioxane being used partially as references, as PE composites thereof were reported earlier, but lacked some analytical results and required further investigation. It was proven that the practical upper loading limit for such silsesquioxane compounds as processing and functional additives for polyethylene should be fixed at around 1%.
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Synthesis and thermal curing of liquid unsaturated polysilsesquioxane and its mechanical and thermal properties. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Liu L, Zhang W, Yang R. Flame retardant epoxy composites with epoxy‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leichun Liu
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Material, School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Material, School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center of Flame Retardant Material, School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
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16
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Prigyai N, Chanmungkalakul S, Ervithayasuporn V, Yodsin N, Jungsuttiwong S, Takeda N, Unno M, Boonmak J, Kiatkamjornwong S. Lithium-Templated Formation of Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (POSS). Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15110-15117. [PMID: 31663724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A coordination complex, lithium hepta(i-butyl)silsesquioxane trisilanolate (1; Li-T7), a stable intermediate in silsesquioxane (SQ) syntheses, was successfully isolated in 65% yield and found to be highly soluble in nonpolar solvents such as hexane. The structure of Li-T7 was confirmed by NMR, IR spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and computational simulation, providing detailed elucidation of the intermolecular self-association of the SQ cage with a box-shaped Li6O6 polyhedron through strong coordination bonds. After acid treatment, Li-T7 undergoes lithium-proton cationic exchange, yielding hepta(i-butyl)silsesquioxane trisilanol (2; H-T7) quantitatively. The high yield of H-T7 seems to be influenced by Li-O bonding in the Li-T7 complex that affects the selective formation of hepta(i-butyl)silsesquioxane trisilanolate and the bulky i-butyl groups which may prevent decomposition or SQ cage-rearrangement even at reflux under alkaline conditions. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography confirms the presence of the dumbbell-shaped SQ partial cages through strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Interestingly, lowering the polarity of the reaction solution by adding dichloromethane results in formation of the cubic octa(i-butyl)silsesquioxane (3; T8) cage in a good yield (47%), which is isolated by crystallization from the reaction solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicha Prigyai
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, and Center for Inorganic and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Mahidol University , Rama VI Road , Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Supphachok Chanmungkalakul
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, and Center for Inorganic and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Mahidol University , Rama VI Road , Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Vuthichai Ervithayasuporn
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, and Center for Inorganic and Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Mahidol University , Rama VI Road , Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Nuttapon Yodsin
- Center for Organic Electronic and Alternative Energy, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Ubon Ratchathani University , Ubon Ratchathani 34190 , Thailand
| | - Siriporn Jungsuttiwong
- Center for Organic Electronic and Alternative Energy, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Ubon Ratchathani University , Ubon Ratchathani 34190 , Thailand
| | - Nobuhiro Takeda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Gunma University , Kiryu , Gunma 376-8515 , Japan
| | - Masafumi Unno
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Gunma University , Kiryu , Gunma 376-8515 , Japan
| | - Jaursup Boonmak
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Khon Kaen University , Khon Kaen 40002 , Thailand
| | - Suda Kiatkamjornwong
- Office of Research Affairs , Chulalongkorn University , 254 Phayathai Road , Wangmai, Phatumwan, Bangkok 10330 , Thailand.,FRS(T), Division of Science , the Royal Society of Thailand , Sanam Suepa , Dusit, Bangkok 10300 , Thailand
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17
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Dong Y, He J, Yang R. Phenolic resin/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) composites: Mechanical, ablative, thermal, and flame retardant properties. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Dong
- National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Jiyu He
- National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- National Laboratory of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 PR China
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18
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Chabane H, Livi S, Benes H, Ladavière C, Ecorchard P, Duchet-Rumeau J, Gérard JF. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-supported ionic liquid for designing nanostructured hybrid organic-inorganic networks. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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