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Habeeb Naser I, Thoulfikar A. Alamir H, Al-Shukarji AH, Ahmed BA, Qassem TA, Kamal M, Almeleebia TM, Alwaily ER, Hasan Kadhum E, Alawadi A, Alsalamy A. Choline chloride/urea as a green and efficient deep eutectic solvent in three-component and four-component synthesis of novel pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives with antibacterial and antifungal activity. Front Chem 2024; 12:1342784. [PMID: 38435668 PMCID: PMC10904593 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1342784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, choline chloride/urea was used as a green deep eutectic solvent in the three-component reaction of hydrazine/phenylhydrazine, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes for synthesizing pyrazole derivatives, and in the four-component reaction of methyl/ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine/phenylhydrazine, malononitrile, and aromatic aldehydes for synthesizing pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. Elemental analysis, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm the structure of the synthesized pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives. The antimicrobial effects of the synthesized pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c] pyrazole derivatives were investigated. In antimicrobial tests, instructions from clinical and laboratory standards institutes were used. Antimicrobial study was done on pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative species, and specialized aquatic strains and fungal species. Using choline chloride/urea, novel pyrazole derivatives and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives were synthesized, and other derivatives were synthesized with higher efficiency in less time than some previously reported methods. MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) obtained for derivatives were higher than some antibiotic drugs. Synthesis and reports of new derivatives of pyrazole and pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole, and investigation and reports of their antimicrobial properties on gram-positive, gram-negative, and specialized aquatic and fungal species are among the novel and important findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Habeeb Naser
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Iraq
| | | | - Ali Hisham Al-Shukarji
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq
| | - Batool Ali Ahmed
- Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Talal Aziz Qassem
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technics, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Maher Kamal
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Tahani M. Almeleebia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Enas R. Alwaily
- Microbiology Research Group, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Alawadi
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja’afar Al‐Sadiq University, Al‐Muthanna, Iraq
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Kusuma S, Bawiskar DB, Singh C, Panneerselvam P, Sinha P, Samal AK, Jadhav AH. Facile one pot synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives under mild conditions by using engineered MgO@DFNS as heterogeneous catalyst. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32110-32125. [PMID: 37920763 PMCID: PMC10619144 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05761e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzimidazole derivatives are considered as important heterocyclic motifs that show a wide range of pharmaceutical applications. In view of their wide-ranging bioactivities, it is imperative to direct research on the sustainable catalytic synthesis of benzimidazole. Therefore, herein, we report a novel approach for the synthesis of benzimidazole and its derivatives with engineered MgO supported on dendritic fibrous nano silica (MgO@DFNS) as a sustainable heterogeneous catalyst. The catalyst MgO@DFNS was thoroughly characterized to understand its physio-chemical properties using XRD, FE-SEM, XPS, FT-IR, zeta potential, HR-TEM, TGA, TPR and TPD. The obtained results suggested that the catalyst MgO@DFNS prepared well and have the desired characteristics in it. After the successful characterisation of the prepared catalyst MgO@DFNS, it was applied in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives via condensation of o-phenylenediamine, and various aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes under ambient temperature. The catalyst produced a clean reaction profile with excellent yields in a shorter time under the umbrella of green chemistry. The effect of reaction parameters such as the effect of time, catalyst dosage, loading of MgO, effect of solvents and effect of different homo and heterogeneous catalyst were also tested. Furthermore, to understand the scope of the catalyst different substituted diamines and substituted aldehydes were reacted and obtained desired products in good to efficient yield. In addition, a recyclability study was also conducted and it was observed that the catalyst could be recycled for up to six cycles without noticeable changes in the morphology and activity. We believe that the present methodology gave several advantages such as an eco-friendly method, easy work-up, good selectivity, high yields and quick recovery of catalyst. MgO@DFNS is highly stable for several cycles without significant loss of its activity, which possibly demonstrates its applicability at the industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kusuma
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, JAIN University Global Campus Bengaluru 562112 Karnataka India
- Aragen Life Science Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. 284-A (Part), Bommasandra Bengaluru 562106 India
| | - Dipak B Bawiskar
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, JAIN University Global Campus Bengaluru 562112 Karnataka India
| | - Chob Singh
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, JAIN University Global Campus Bengaluru 562112 Karnataka India
| | - Pratheep Panneerselvam
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, JAIN University Global Campus Bengaluru 562112 Karnataka India
| | - Pradipta Sinha
- Aragen Life Science Pvt. Ltd. Plot No. 284-A (Part), Bommasandra Bengaluru 562106 India
| | - Akshaya K Samal
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, JAIN University Global Campus Bengaluru 562112 Karnataka India
| | - Arvind H Jadhav
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, JAIN University Global Campus Bengaluru 562112 Karnataka India
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Hoot N, Sheikhhosseini E, Ahmadi SA, Ghazizadeh M, Malekshahi M, Yahyazadehfar M. Synthesis of pyridone derivatives using 2D rod like bifunctional Fe based MOF and CuO nanocomposites as a novel heterogeneous catalyst. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15753. [PMID: 37735189 PMCID: PMC10514299 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a new and efficient Rod-like bifunctional Fe-based MOF@CuO nanocomposites (RL BF Fe-based MOF@CuO NC) were synthesized as new and efficient heterogeneous catalyst through a simple method from easily available 1,3,5-benzenetricarbocylic acid linker, nitrate ferric as a source of iron and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles under microwave irradiation. The synthesized nanocatalysts were characterized with different techniques such as Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), mapping, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The RL BF Fe-based MOF@CuO NC had relatively high specific surface area (203 m2 g-1) while exhibiting superparamagnetic properties. The catalytic activity of RL BF Fe-based MOF@CuO NC was explored in a facile and green methodology to prepare diverse N‑amino-2-pyridones by one-pot four component reactions comprising aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, methyl cyanoacetate and hydrazine hydrate within mild and solvent-free conditions. This protocol enjoys features like providing the final products during low reaction times in excellent yields under solvent-free conditions. The use of easily available and inexpensive reactants for the synthesis of the catalyst, environmental compatibility, low catalyst loading, fast and clean work-up and reusability of catalyst for several cycles with consistent activity are counted as the outstanding features of this procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Hoot
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Sayed Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Ghazizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Moslem Malekshahi
- Department of Chemistry, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
- Department of Physics, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
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Moghaddam FM, Aghili S, Daneshfar M, Moghimi H, Daneshfar Z. Bread waste in the form of CoFe2O4@TBW catalyst was used as a green biocatalyst to synthesize pyranopyrazole and tetraketone derivatives. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Bakhtiarian M, Khodaei MM. Pyridinium-based dual acidic ionic liquid supported on the pectin for efficient synthesis of pyrazoles. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gorji A, Akbarpour T, Khazaei A. Synthesis of hexahydroquinolines, 5-amino-1,3-diphenyl-1 h-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile and 1-aminoalkyl-2-naphthols derivatives using an engineered copper-based nano-magnetic catalyst (Fe 3O 4@CQD@Si(OEt)(CH 2) 3NH@CC@Ad@Cu(OAc) 2). Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2097276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Gorji
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Kusuma S, Patil KN, Srinivasappa PM, Chaudhari N, Soni A, Nabgan W, Jadhav AH. Ferrocene anchored activated carbon as a versatile catalyst for the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepines via one-pot environmentally benign conditions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:14740-14756. [PMID: 35702231 PMCID: PMC9112409 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00202g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
1,5-Benzodiazepine is considered as one of the central moieties in the core unit of most drug molecules. Construction of such moieties with a new C–N bond under solvent-free and mild reaction conditions is challenging. Herein, we present a benign protocol for one pot synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives by using ferrocene (FC) supported activated carbon (AC) as a heterogeneous catalyst. The catalyst FC/AC was characterized by several analytical and spectroscopic techniques to reveal its physicochemical properties and for structural confirmation. The synthesized catalyst FC/AC was explored for its catalytic activity in the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepines through condensation of o-phenylenediamine (OPDA) and ketones (aromatic and aliphatic) under solvent-free conditions. The robust 10 wt% FC/AC catalyst demonstrated appreciable activity with 99% conversion of diamines and 91% selectivity towards the synthesis of the desired benzodiazepine derivatives under solvent-free conditions at 90 °C in 8 h. Additionally, several reaction parameters such as catalyst loading, reaction temperature, effect of reaction time and effect of different solvents on selectivity were also studied and discussed in-depth. To understand the scope of the reaction, several symmetrical and unsymmetrical ketones along with different substituted diamines were tested with the synthesized catalyst. All prepared reaction products were obtained in good to efficient yields and were isolated and identified as 1,5-benzodiazepines and no side products were observed. The obtained catalyst characterization data and the activity studies suggested that, the synergetic effect occurred due to the uniform dispersion of ferrocene over the AC surface with numerous acidic sites which triggered the reaction of diamine and ketone to form the corresponding benzodiazepine derivative and the same was illustrated in the plausible mechanism. Furthermore, the synthesized catalyst was tested for leaching and recyclability, and the results confirmed that catalyst can be used for up to six consecutive cycles without much loss in the catalytic activity and its morphology which makes the process sustainable and economical for scale-up production. The present method offered several advantages such as an ecofriendly method, excellent yields, sustainable catalytic transformation, easy work-up and isolation of products, and quick recovery of catalyst. 1,5-Benzodiazepine is considered as one of the central moieties in the core unit of most drug molecules.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kusuma
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India .,Aragen Life Science Pvt. Ltd. (GVK Bioscience Pvt. Ltd.) Plot No. 284-A(Part) Bengaluru-562106 India
| | - Komal N Patil
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India
| | | | - Nitin Chaudhari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University Gandhinagar Gujarat 382007 India
| | - Ajay Soni
- Aragen Life Science Pvt. Ltd. (GVK Bioscience Pvt. Ltd.) Plot No. 284-A(Part) Bengaluru-562106 India
| | - Walid Nabgan
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor 81310 Malaysia.,Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili Av Paisos Catalans 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Arvind H Jadhav
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India
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