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Zhao Y, Yang S, Wu M. Mechanism of Improving Aspirin Resistance: Blood-Activating Herbs Combined With Aspirin in Treating Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794417. [PMID: 34975490 PMCID: PMC8718695 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic thrombotic disease continues to maintain a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide at present. Aspirin, which is reckoned as the cornerstone of primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs), has been applied in clinics extensively. However, cardiovascular events continue to occur even though people utilize aspirin appropriately. Therefore, the concept of aspirin resistance (AR) was put forward by scholars, which is of great significance for the prediction of the clinical outcome of diseases. The pathogenesis of AR may be incorporated with low patient compliance, insufficient dose, genetic polymorphism, increased platelet transformation, inflammation, and the degenerative changes and calcification of platelets. The improvement of AR in the treatment of ASCVDs has gradually become a research hot spot in recent years. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regards individuals as a whole and treats them from a holistic view, which has been found to have advantages in clinical studies on the treatment of AR. Many kinds of blood-activating TCM have the effect of improving AR. The potential mechanism for the improvement of AR by blood-activating herbs combined with aspirin was explored. The combination of blood-activating herbs and aspirin to improve AR is likely to turn into a hot topic of research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Zhao
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- Comprehensive Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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2
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Cheng Y, Shao T, Huang L, Xu H, Shao P, Yang D, Ge W, Xu Y, Zhang M. Platelet Function Tests Predicting the Efficacy and Safety of Aspirin Secondary Prevention. Neurol Res 2021; 44:291-298. [PMID: 34581662 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1981103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To precisely prevent stroke, we evaluated three platelet function tests and their associations with clinical outcomes in ischemic stroke patients. METHODS On-treatment platelet reactivity of acute minor stroke patients taking aspirin plus clopidogrel was tested by light transmittance aggregometry (LTA), thromboelastography (TEG) and platelet function analyzer (PFA). Mann-Whitney U tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to assess their associations with recurrent events and clinical outcome prediction. RESULTS 127 acute minor stroke patients were stringently selected and followed for 13 months. Eight patients (6.3%) self-reported the recurrence and 13 (10.2%) patients self-reported bleeding. Recurrent patients displayed significantly higher on-treatment platelet reactivity when measured with LTA (p = 0.030) and PFA (p < 0.001). Further ROC analysis demonstrated that LTA and PFA had modest-to-fair ability to predict stroke recurrence (LTA: area under the curve [AUC], 0.765; 95% CI, 0.584-0.945, PFA: AUC, 0.832; 95% CI, 0.658-1.000). However, TEG (measured by the platelet inhibition rate) could not detect the difference between recurrent patients and non-recurrent patients (p = 0.515) and predict recurrent events (AUC, 0.569; 95% CI, 0.368-0.770). None of the tests were associated with bleeding except for PFA (p < 0.001), with AUC of PFA reaching 0.772 (0.726-0.818). CONCLUSIONS Of the three tests assessed, the predictive accuracies of PFA and LTA were satisfying for aspirin secondary prevention, while TEG's performance was poor. Only PFA could provide accurate prognostic information for bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tengfei Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Medical Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengheng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Shao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihong Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Medical Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Nanjing Neurology Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Zeymer U, Hohlfeld T, Vom Dahl J, Erbel R, Münzel T, Zahn R, Roitenberg A, Breitenstein S, Pap ÁF, Trenk D. Prospective, randomised trial of the time dependent antiplatelet effects of 500 mg and 250 mg acetylsalicylic acid i. v. and 300 mg p. o. in ACS (ACUTE). Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:625-635. [PMID: 28102427 DOI: 10.1160/th16-08-0650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the onset of action after intravenous or oral administration of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The aim of the study was to compare intravenous 250 or 500 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) with oral 300 mg in ASA naïve patients with ACS concerning the onset of antiplatelet effects measured by time dependent thromboxane inhibition. A total of 270 patients with ACS < 24 hours were randomised into one of three treatment arms comprising administration of a single dose of ASA as soon as possible after admission. The primary endpoint was platelet inhibition assessed by measurement of arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet thromboxane release (TXB2) 5 minutes (min) after study drug administration. Both 250 mg and 500 mg ASA i. v. inhibited TXB2 formation nearly completely (geometric means: from 581.7 and 573.9 ng/ml at baseline to 3.9 and 3.1 ng/ml at 5 min, respectively) compared to 300 mg oral ASA (geometric means: from 652.0 to 223.7 ng/ml) (p-value, ANCOVA: < 0.0001). Similar results were obtained for inhibition of AA-induced platelet aggregation (Multiplate ASPItest; from means 86.41 and 85.72 U to 23.04 and 20.57 U at 5 min, respectively) compared to 300 mg oral ASA from mean 87.18 to 75.56 U (p-value, ANCOVA: <0.0001). The rate of bleedings was low and comparable between the groups. In summary, the administration of a single dose of 250 or 500 mg ASA IV compared to 300 mg orally is associated with a faster and more complete inhibition of thromboxane generation and platelet aggregation. Bleeding complications were comparable between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Zeymer
- Uwe Zeymer, MD, Klinikum Ludwigshafen und Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Bremserstrasse 79, D-67063 Ludwigshafen/Rhein, Germany, Tel.: +49 621 503 2941, Fax: +49 621 503 4002, E-mail:
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Al Shamiri MQ, Abdel Gader AM, Bayoumy NM. Comparing light transmission aggregometry and PFA100 for monitoring antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary heart disease. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Sternik L. Warfarin or aspirin after mitral valve repair: Why work harder? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2016; 151:1309-10. [PMID: 26832210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Sternik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel.
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Xie M, Shan Z, Zhang Y, Chen S, Yang W, Bao W, Rong Y, Yu X, Hu FB, Liu L. Aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular events: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and subgroup analysis by sex and diabetes status. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90286. [PMID: 25360605 PMCID: PMC4215843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the benefits and harms of aspirin for the primary prevention of CVD and determine whether the effects vary by sex and diabetes status. METHODS We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases for randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of aspirin with placebo or control in people with no pre-existing CVD. Two investigators independently extracted data and assessed the study quality. Analyses were performed using Stata version 12. RESULTS Fourteen trials (107,686 participants) were eligible. Aspirin was associated with reductions in major cardiovascular events (risk ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.85-0.95), myocardial infarction (0.86; 0.75-0.93), ischemic stroke (0.86; 0.75-0.98) and all-cause mortality (0.94; 0.89-0.99). There were also increases in hemorrhagic stroke (1.34; 1.01-1.79) and major bleeding (1.55; 1.35-1.78) with aspirin. The number needed to treat to prevent 1 major cardiovascular event over a mean follow-up of 6.8 years was 284. By comparison, the numbers needed to harm to cause 1 major bleeding is 299. In subgroup analyses, pooled results demonstrated a reduction in myocardial infarction among men (0.71; 0.59-0.85) and ischemic stroke among women (0.77; 0.63-0.93). Aspirin use was associated with a reduction (0.65; 0.51-0.82) in myocardial infarction among diabetic men. In meta-regression analyses, the results suggested that aspirin therapy might be associated with a decrease in stroke among diabetic women and a decrease in MI among diabetic men and risk reductions achieved with low doses (75 mg/day) were as large as those obtained with higher doses (650 mg/day). CONCLUSIONS The use of low-dose aspirin was beneficial for primary prevention of CVD and the decision regarding an aspirin regimen should be made on an individual patient basis. The effects of aspirin therapy varied by sex and diabetes status. A clear benefit of aspirin in the primary prevention of CVD in people with diabetes needs more trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manling Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sijing Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Rong
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LL); (FBH)
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (LL); (FBH)
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With so much attention paid to adenosine diphosphate receptor blockers, is there still a role for aspirin resistance? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 66:311-2. [PMID: 24775624 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Akdogan A, Kilic L, Akman U, Dogan I, Karadag O, Bilgen SA, Buyukasik Y, Kiraz S, Ertenli I. Aspirin resistance in systemic lupus erythematosus. A pilot study. Lupus 2013; 22:835-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203313493487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are at increased risk of thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases. Aspirin is an effective treatment option for these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of aspirin resistance in SLE patients. We studied aspirin resistance in 33 SLE patients and nine healthy controls by using a Multiplate® impedance aggregometer (Dynabyte GmbH, Munich, Germany). Twenty-six SLE patients were on regular aspirin treatment. Aspirin resistance was found in five (19.2%) out of 26 patients who were on aspirin treatment. When the tests were repeated by adding acetylsalicylic acid in the medium, all of these patients became responsive to the aspirin. SLE disease activity, body mass index, smoking status, and the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies or positive lupus anticoagulant test results were no different in patients with or without aspirin resistance. ( p > 0.05 for all). Our results suggest that there may be a considerable number of SLE patients with aspirin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Akdogan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - L Kilic
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - U Akman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - I Dogan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - O Karadag
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - SA Bilgen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - Y Buyukasik
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - S Kiraz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
| | - I Ertenli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey and 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey
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Consuegra-Sánchez L, Dau D, Jaulent L, Fernández-Bergés D, Picó F, Villegas M. Cuando la resistencia a los bloqueadores del receptor de adenosindifosfato centra toda la atención, ¿la resistencia a la aspirina tiene algo que decir? Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Schnell O, Erbach M, Hummel M. Primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes with aspirin. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2012; 9:245-55. [PMID: 22508698 DOI: 10.1177/1479164112441486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. The role for aspirin in diabetes is of high clinical interest. Guidelines recommend that primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetes with aspirin should be based on the individual risk for CVD. New mechanistic studies suggest that enhanced platelet turnover may partly contribute to the fact the primary prevention studies found unequivocal results in diabetes. There is initial evidence that a potential future modification of dosages in diabetes may counteract the enhancement in platelet turnover in diabetes. The use of aspirin in diabetic patients for secondary prevention of CVD is supported by key evidence. The aim of the review is to present recent studies on aspirin for prevention of CVD in diabetes and to highlight its role also in view of new mechanistic and clinical studies with aspirin. Novel aspects of aspirin, e.g. its potential role for the prevention of cancer, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Schnell
- Diabetes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
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