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Boccatonda A, Del Cane L, Marola L, D’Ardes D, Lessiani G, di Gregorio N, Ferri C, Cipollone F, Serra C, Santilli F, Piscaglia F. Platelet, Antiplatelet Therapy and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:473. [PMID: 38672744 PMCID: PMC11051088 DOI: 10.3390/life14040473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is not only related to traditional cardiovascular risk factors like type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, but it is also an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. MASLD has been shown to be independently related to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. MASLD is characterized by a chronic proinflammatory response that, in turn, may induce a prothrombotic state. Several mechanisms such as endothelial and platelet dysfunction, changes in the coagulative factors, lower fibrinolytic activity can contribute to induce the prothrombotic state. Platelets are players and addresses of metabolic dysregulation; obesity and insulin resistance are related to platelet hyperactivation. Furthermore, platelets can exert a direct effect on liver cells, particularly through the release of mediators from granules. Growing data in literature support the use of antiplatelet agent as a treatment for MASLD. The use of antiplatelets drugs seems to exert beneficial effects on hepatocellular carcinoma prevention in patients with MASLD, since platelets contribute to fibrosis progression and cancer development. This review aims to summarize the main data on the role of platelets in the pathogenesis of MASLD and its main complications such as cardiovascular events and the development of liver fibrosis. Furthermore, we will examine the role of antiplatelet therapy not only in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular events but also as a possible anti-fibrotic and anti-tumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Boccatonda
- Internal Medicine, Bentivoglio Hospital, AUSL Bologna, 40010 Bentivoglio, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Lorenza Del Cane
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences and Internal Medicine, University of L’Aquila, ASL Avezzano-Sulmona-L’Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.D.C.); (L.M.); (N.d.G.); (C.F.)
| | - Lara Marola
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences and Internal Medicine, University of L’Aquila, ASL Avezzano-Sulmona-L’Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.D.C.); (L.M.); (N.d.G.); (C.F.)
| | - Damiano D’Ardes
- Institute of “Clinica Medica”, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy (F.C.)
| | | | - Nicoletta di Gregorio
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences and Internal Medicine, University of L’Aquila, ASL Avezzano-Sulmona-L’Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.D.C.); (L.M.); (N.d.G.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudio Ferri
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences and Internal Medicine, University of L’Aquila, ASL Avezzano-Sulmona-L’Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.D.C.); (L.M.); (N.d.G.); (C.F.)
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Institute of “Clinica Medica”, Department of Medicine and Aging Science, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy (F.C.)
| | - Carla Serra
- Interventional, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasound Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Fabio Piscaglia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic Diseases, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Wilcox CS, Herbert C, Wang C, Ma Y, Sun P, Li T, Verbesey J, Kumar P, Kassaye S, Welch WJ, Choi MJ, Pourafshar N, Wang D. Signals From Inflamed Perivascular Adipose Tissue Contribute to Small Vessel Dysfunction in Women Living With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae094. [PMID: 38429000 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION People living with the human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) have microvascular disease. Since perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) regulates microvascular function and adipose tissue is inflamed in PWH, we tested the hypothesis that PWH have inflamed PVAT that impairs the function of their small vessels. METHODS Subcutaneous small arteries were dissected with or without (+ or -) PVAT from a gluteal skin biopsy from 11 women with treated HIV (WWH) aged < 50 years and 10 matched women without HIV and studied on isometric myographs. Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by fluorescence microscopy. Adipokines and markers of inflammation and ROS were assayed in PVAT. RESULTS PVAT surrounding the small arteries in control women significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced acetylcholine (Ach)-induced endothelium dependent relaxation and NO and reduced contractions to thromboxane and endothelin-1. However, these effects of PVAT were reduced significantly (P < 0.05) in WWH whose PVAT released less adiponectin but more markers of ROS and inflammation. Moderation of contractions by PVAT were correlated positively with adipose adiponectin. CONCLUSION PVAT from WWH has oxidative stress, inflammation and reduced release of adiponectin that may contribute to enhanced contractions and therefore could promote small artery dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Wilcox
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Carly Herbert
- Biostatistician/Data Manager, Multicenter Aids Cohort Study and the Women's Interagency HIV Study (MACS WHIS) Combined Cohort Study, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Nephrology, The Fifth Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yuchi Ma
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Philena Sun
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tian Li
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Princy Kumar
- Division of Infection Disease, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Multicenter Aids Cohort Study and the Women's Interagency HIV Study (MACS WIHS), Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Seble Kassaye
- Division of Infection Disease, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
- Multicenter Aids Cohort Study and the Women's Interagency HIV Study (MACS WIHS), Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - William J Welch
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael J Choi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Negiin Pourafshar
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and Hypertension Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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Sun G, Fuller H, Fenton H, Race AD, Downing A, Williams EA, Rees CJ, Brown LC, Loadman PM, Hull MA. The effect of aspirin and eicosapentaenoic acid on urinary biomarkers of prostaglandin E 2 synthesis and platelet activation in participants of the seAFOod polyp prevention trial. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:873-885. [PMID: 37855394 PMCID: PMC10952676 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Urinary prostaglandin (PG) E metabolite (PGE-M) and 11-dehydro (d)-thromboxane (TX) B2 are biomarkers of cyclooxygenase-dependent prostanoid synthesis. We investigated (1) the effect of aspirin 300 mg daily and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 2000 mg daily, alone and in combination, on urinary biomarker levels and, (2) whether urinary biomarker levels predicted colorectal polyp risk, during participation in the seAFOod polyp prevention trial. Urinary PGE-M and 11-d-TXB2 were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The relationship between urinary biomarker levels and colorectal polyp outcomes was investigated using negative binomial (polyp number) and logistic (% with one or more polyps) regression models. Despite wide temporal variability in PGE-M and 11-d-TXB2 levels within individuals, both aspirin and, to a lesser extent, EPA decreased levels of both biomarkers (74% [P ≤ .001] and 8% [P ≤ .05] reduction in median 11-d-TXB2 values, respectively). In the placebo group, a high (quartile [Q] 2-4) baseline 11-d-TXB2 level predicted increased polyp number (incidence rate ratio [IRR] [95% CI] 2.26 [1.11,4.58]) and risk (odds ratio [95% CI] 3.56 [1.09,11.63]). A low (Q1) on-treatment 11-d-TXB2 level predicted reduced colorectal polyp number compared to placebo (IRR 0.34 [0.12,0.93] for combination aspirin and EPA treatment) compared to high on-treatment 11-d-TXB2 values (0.61 [0.34,1.11]). Aspirin and EPA both inhibit PGE-M and 11-d-TXB2 synthesis in keeping with shared in vivo cyclooxygenase inhibition. Colorectal polyp risk and treatment response prediction by 11-d-TXB2 is consistent with a role for platelet activation during early colorectal carcinogenesis. The use of urinary 11-d-TXB2 measurement for a precision approach to colorectal cancer risk prediction and chemoprevention requires prospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Sun
- Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Harriett Fuller
- Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Hayley Fenton
- Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Amanda D. Race
- Institute of Cancer TherapeuticsUniversity of BradfordBradfordUK
| | - Amy Downing
- Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | | | - Colin J. Rees
- Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | | | - Paul M. Loadman
- Institute of Cancer TherapeuticsUniversity of BradfordBradfordUK
| | - Mark A. Hull
- Leeds Institute of Medical ResearchUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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Krekis A, King JN, D'Arcy-Howard D, Stapleton N, Elliott J, Pelligand L. Effect of meloxicam or robenacoxib administration timing on renal function and postoperative analgesia in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy: A randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2024. [PMID: 38235901 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of administration timing of meloxicam and robenacoxib on renal function, platelet cyclo-oxygenase and perioperative analgesia in 60 cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy, in a prospective randomized blinded controlled study. Twelve cats were randomly allocated to one subcutaneous treatment group: meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg) or robenacoxib (2 mg/kg) at admission (MA, RA), at induction (MI, RI) and robenacoxib at the end of surgery (RE). All cats received the same anaesthesia protocol. Plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma creatinine, drug concentrations and serum thromboxane (TxB2 ) were measured sequentially. Anaesthesia significantly increased PRA, as activity at end of the surgery was higher than 2 h later (mean ± SD: 26.6 ± 2.8 versus 10.0 ± 3.9 ng/mL/h). PRA remained higher at 2 h post-surgery in admission groups compared to induction groups (p = .01). Serum TxB2 was lower with meloxicam than robenacoxib (p = .001), and was lower in the MA than each robenacoxib group at catheter placement. Admission groups (16/24 from RA and MA groups) received earlier rescue analgesia than other groups (p = .033). In conclusion, the renin-angiotensin system was activated during anaesthesia despite cyclo-oxygenase inhibition, possibly due to hypotension or surgical stimulation. There was no effect of drug or timing on the markers of renal function but one cat receiving meloxicam at induction had suspected IRIS grade II acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Duncan D'Arcy-Howard
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Beaumont Sainsbury Animal Hospital, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Nadene Stapleton
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Beaumont Sainsbury Animal Hospital, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Elliott
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Ludovic Pelligand
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
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Reid HM, Maginn M, Perkins CM, Mulvaney EP, Boyce M, Yamamoto T, Kinsella BT. Evaluation of NTP42, a novel thromboxane receptor antagonist, in a first-in-human phase I clinical trial. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1296188. [PMID: 38178863 PMCID: PMC10764490 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1296188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The thromboxane receptor (TP) antagonist NTP42 is in clinical development for treatment of cardiopulmonary diseases, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this randomized, placebo-controlled Phase I clinical trial, NTP42, administered as the oral formulation NTP42:KVA4, was evaluated for safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) in healthy males. Methods: The first-in-human trial had three Parts: A, single ascending dose (SAD) study with seven groups given 0.25-243 mg NTP42:KVA4 or placebo; B, food effect study where one SAD group (9 mg) was also given NTP42:KVA4 or placebo after a high-fat breakfast; C, multiple ascending dose study with three groups given 15-135 mg NTP42:KVA4 or placebo once-daily for 7 days. Results: Seventy-nine volunteers participated. No serious adverse events occurred, where any drug- or placebo-related adverse events were mild to moderate, with no correlation to NTP42:KVA4 dose. NTP42 was rapidly absorbed, yielding dose proportional increases in exposure after single and repeat dosing. PK confirmed that, with a clearance (T1/2) of 18.7 h, NTP42:KVA4 is suited to once-daily dosing, can be taken with or without food, and does not accumulate on repeat dosing. At doses ≥1 mg, NTP42 led to complete and sustained inhibition of thromboxane-, but not ADP-, induced platelet aggregation ex vivo, with direct correlation between NTP42 exposure and duration of PD effects. Conclusion: Orally administered NTP42:KVA4 was well tolerated, with favorable PK/PD profiles and evidence of specific TP target engagement. These findings support continued clinical development of NTP42:KVA4 for cardiopulmonary or other relevant diseases with unmet needs. Clinical Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04919863.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Reid
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Maginn
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C. Michael Perkins
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eamon P. Mulvaney
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Malcolm Boyce
- Hammersmith Medicines Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - B. Therese Kinsella
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Furue A, Hattori K, Hosono K, Tanabe M, Sato E, Honda M, Sekiguchi K, Ito Y, Majima M, Narumiya S, Kato K, Amano H. Inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometriosis growth and neovascularization. Mol Med Rep 2023; 28:192. [PMID: 37654213 PMCID: PMC10502949 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is highly dependent on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Prostaglandin E2, an arachidonic acid metabolite, has been shown to promote the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels. However, the role of another arachidonic acid metabolite, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during endometriosis remains largely unexplored. Using a murine model of ectopic endometrial transplantation, fragments from the endometrium of WT donor mice were transplanted into the peritoneal walls of recipient WT mice (WT→WT), resulting in an increase in both the area and density of blood and lymphatic vessels. Upon transplantation of endometrial tissue from thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptor (TXA2 receptor)‑deficient (TP‑/‑) mice into TP‑/‑ mice (TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑), an increase in implant growth, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis were observed along with upregulation of pro‑angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Similar results were obtained using a thromboxane synthase (TXS) inhibitor in WT→WT mice. Furthermore, TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑ mice had a higher number of F4/80+ cells than that of WT→WT mice, with increased expression of genes related to the anti‑inflammatory macrophage phenotype in endometrial lesions. In cultured bone marrow (BM)‑derived macrophages, the levels of VEGF‑A, VEGF‑C, and VEGF‑D decreased in a TP‑dependent manner. Furthermore, TP signaling affected the polarization of cultured BM‑derived macrophages to the anti‑inflammatory phenotype. These findings imply that inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometrial implant growth and neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Furue
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hattori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kanako Hosono
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Mina Tanabe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Erina Sato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masako Honda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sekiguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Ito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Masataka Majima
- Department of Medical Therapeutics, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hideki Amano
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
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Lanas A, Tacconelli S, Contursi A, Piazuelo E, Bruno A, Ronci M, Marcone S, Dovizio M, Sopeña F, Falcone L, Milillo C, Mucci M, Ballerini P, Patrignani P. Biomarkers of Response to Low-Dose Aspirin in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092457. [PMID: 37173923 PMCID: PMC10177499 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The results of Aspirin prevention of colorectal adenomas in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) are controversial. METHODS We conducted a biomarker-based clinical study in eight FAP patients treated with enteric-coated low-dose Aspirin (100 mg daily for three months) to explore whether the drug targets mainly platelet cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 or affects extraplatelet cellular sources expressing COX-isozymes and/or off-target effects in colorectal adenomas. RESULTS In FAP patients, low-dose Aspirin-acetylated platelet COX-1 at Serine529 (>70%) was associated with an almost complete inhibition of platelet thromboxane (TX) B2 generation ex vivo (serum TXB2). However, enhanced residual urinary 11-dehydro-TXB2 and urinary PGEM, primary metabolites of TXA2 and prostaglandin (PG)E2, respectively, were detected in association with incomplete acetylation of COX-1 in normal colorectal biopsies and adenomas. Proteomics of adenomas showed that Aspirin significantly modulated only eight proteins. The upregulation of vimentin and downregulation of HBB (hemoglobin subunit beta) distinguished two groups with high vs. low residual 11-dehydro-TXB2 levels, possibly identifying the nonresponders and responders to Aspirin. CONCLUSIONS Although low-dose Aspirin appropriately inhibited the platelet, persistently high systemic TXA2 and PGE2 biosynthesis were found, plausibly for a marginal inhibitory effect on prostanoid biosynthesis in the colorectum. Novel chemotherapeutic strategies in FAP can involve blocking the effects of TXA2 and PGE2 signaling with receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Lanas
- University Hospital LB, Aragon Health Research Institute (IISAragon), CIBERehd, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Stefania Tacconelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Contursi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Piazuelo
- Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Annalisa Bruno
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Marcone
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Melania Dovizio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Federico Sopeña
- University Hospital LB, Aragon Health Research Institute (IISAragon), CIBERehd, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lorenza Falcone
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristina Milillo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Mucci
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Patrignani
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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8
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Cinicola BL, Palumbo IM, Pannunzio A, Carnevale R, Bartimoccia S, Cammisotto V, Capponi M, Brindisi G, Salvatori F, Barillà F, Martino F, D'Amico A, Poscia R, Spalice A, Zicari AM, Violi F, Loffredo L. Low Grade Endotoxemia and Oxidative Stress in Offspring of Patients with Early Myocardial Infarction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040958. [PMID: 37107333 PMCID: PMC10135978 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Offspring of patients with early myocardial infarction are at higher cardiovascular risk, but the underlying physio-pathological mechanism is unclear. NADPH oxidase-type 2 (NOX-2) plays a pivotal role as mediator of oxidative stress and could be involved in activating platelets in these patients. Furthermore, altered intestinal permeability and serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could be a trigger to promote NOX-2 activation and platelet aggregation. This study aims to evaluate the behavior of low grade endotoxemia, oxidative stress and platelet activation in offspring of patients with early myocardial infarction. Methods: We enrolled, in a cross-sectional study, 46 offspring of patients with early myocardial infarction and 86 healthy subjects (HS). LPS levels and gut permeability (assessed by zonulin), oxidative stress (assessed by serum NOX-2-derived peptide (sNOX2-dp) release, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and isoprostanes), serum nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and platelet activation (by serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and soluble P-Selectin (sP-Selectin)) were analyzed. Results: Compared to HS, offspring of patients with early myocardial infarction had higher values of LPS, zonulin, serum isoprostanes, sNOX2-dp H2O2, TXB2, p-selectin and lower NO bioavailability. Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables associated with offspring of patients with early myocardial infarction were LPS, TXB2 and isoprostanes. The multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that serum NOX-2, isoprostanes, p-selectin and H2O2 levels were significantly associated to LPS. Furthermore, serum LPS, isoprostanes and TXB2 levels were significantly associated with sNOX-2-dp. Conclusions: Offspring of patients with early myocardial infarction have a low grade endotoxemia that could generate oxidative stress and platelet activation increasing their cardiovascular risk. Future studies are needed to understand the role of dysbiosis in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Laura Cinicola
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Division of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 391, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Maria Palumbo
- Department of Clinical, Internistic, Anaesthetic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Pannunzio
- Department of Clinical, Internistic, Anaesthetic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica, 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Località Camerele, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Simona Bartimoccia
- Department of Clinical, Internistic, Anaesthetic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of Clinical, Internistic, Anaesthetic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Capponi
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Division of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Brindisi
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Division of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Salvatori
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Division of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Barillà
- Unit of Cardiology, University Hospital "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Martino
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neuropsychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra D'Amico
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 15, 00135 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Poscia
- Unita di Ricerca Clinica e Clinical Competence-Direzione Generale, AOU Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Spalice
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Division of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Zicari
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Division of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Violi
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neuropsychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Loffredo
- Department of Clinical, Internistic, Anaesthetic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
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9
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Clerici B, Cattaneo M. Pharmacological Efficacy and Gastrointestinal Safety of Different Aspirin Formulations for Cardiovascular Prevention: A Narrative Review. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10040137. [PMID: 37103016 PMCID: PMC10145431 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10040137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspirin inhibits platelet function by irreversibly inhibiting the synthesis of thromboxane A2 (TxA2). Aspirin, at low doses, is widely used for cardiovascular prevention. Gastrointestinal discomfort, mucosal erosions/ulcerations and bleeding are frequent complications of chronic treatment. To reduce these adverse effects, different formulations of aspirin have been developed, including enteric-coated (EC) aspirin, the most widely used aspirin formulation. However, EC aspirin is less effective than plain aspirin in inhibiting TxA2 production, especially in subjects with high body weight. The inadequate pharmacological efficacy of EC aspirin is mirrored by lower protection from cardiovascular events in subjects weighing >70 kg. Endoscopic studies showed that EC aspirin causes fewer erosions of the gastric mucosa compared to plain aspirin (which is absorbed in the stomach) but causes mucosal erosions in the small intestine, where it is absorbed. Several studies demonstrated that EC aspirin does not reduce the incidence of clinically relevant gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding. Similar results were found for buffered aspirin. Although interesting, the results of experiments on the phospholipid-aspirin complex PL2200 are still preliminary. Considering its favorable pharmacological profile, plain aspirin should be the preferred formulation to be used for cardiovascular prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Clerici
- Divisione di Medicina Generale II, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Fondazione Arianna Anticoagulazione, Via Paolo Fabbri 1/3, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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10
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Chiang KC, Gupta A, Sundd P, Krishnamurti L. Thrombo-Inflammation in COVID-19 and Sickle Cell Disease: Two Faces of the Same Coin. Biomedicines 2023; 11:338. [PMID: 36830874 PMCID: PMC9953430 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
People with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at greater risk of severe illness and death from respiratory infections, including COVID-19, than people without SCD (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA). Vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) in SCD and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection are both characterized by thrombo-inflammation mediated by endothelial injury, complement activation, inflammatory lipid storm, platelet activation, platelet-leukocyte adhesion, and activation of the coagulation cascade. Notably, lipid mediators, including thromboxane A2, significantly increase in severe COVID-19 and SCD. In addition, the release of thromboxane A2 from endothelial cells and macrophages stimulates platelets to release microvesicles, which are harbingers of multicellular adhesion and thrombo-inflammation. Currently, there are limited therapeutic strategies targeting platelet-neutrophil activation and thrombo-inflammation in either SCD or COVID-19 during acute crisis. However, due to many similarities between the pathobiology of thrombo-inflammation in SCD and COVID-19, therapies targeting one disease may likely be effective in the other. Therefore, the preclinical and clinical research spurred by the COVID-19 pandemic, including clinical trials of anti-thrombotic agents, are potentially applicable to VOC. Here, we first outline the parallels between SCD and COVID-19; second, review the role of lipid mediators in the pathogenesis of these diseases; and lastly, examine the therapeutic targets and potential treatments for the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajay Gupta
- KARE Biosciences, Orange, CA 89128, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine (UCI) School of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92868, USA
| | - Prithu Sundd
- Vascular Medicine Institute and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Lakshmanan Krishnamurti
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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11
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Abstract
Chemoprevention refers to the use of natural or synthetic agents to reverse, suppress, or prevent the progression or recurrence of cancer. A large body of preclinical and clinical data suggest the ability of aspirin to prevent precursor lesions and cancers, but much of the clinical data are inferential and based on descriptive epidemiology, case control, and cohort studies or studies designed to answer other questions (e.g., cardiovascular mortality). Multiple pharmacological, clinical, and epidemiologic studies suggest that aspirin can prevent certain cancers but may also cause other effects depending on the tissue or disease and organ site in question. The best-known biological targets of aspirin are cyclooxygenases, which drive a wide variety of functions, including hemostasis, inflammation, and immune modulation. Newly recognized molecular and cellular interactions suggest additional modifiable functional targets, and the existence of consensus molecular cancer subtypes suggests that aspirin may have differential effects based on tumor heterogeneity. This review focuses on new pharmacological developments and innovations in biopharmacology that clarify the potential role of aspirin in cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert S Bresalier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA;
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12
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Xulu KR, Augustine TN. Targeting Platelet Activation Pathways to Limit Tumour Progression: Current State of Affairs. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1532. [PMID: 36558983 PMCID: PMC9784118 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between cancer and a hypercoagulatory environment is well described. Thrombotic complications serve not only as a major mortality risk but the underlying molecular structure and function play significant roles in enhancing tumour progression, which is defined as the tumour's capacity to survive, invade and metastasise, amongst other hallmarks of the disease. The use of anticoagulant or antiplatelet drugs in cardiovascular disease lessens thrombotic effects, but the consequences on tumour progression require interrogation. Therefore, this review considered developments in the management of platelet activation pathways (thromboxane, ADP and thrombin), focusing on the use of Aspirin, Clopidogrel and Atopaxar, and their potential impacts on tumour progression. Published data suggested a cautionary tale in ensuring we adequately investigate not only drug-drug interactions but also those unforeseen reciprocal interactions between drugs and their targets within the tumour microenvironment that may act as selective pressures, enhancing tumour survival and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutlwano R. Xulu
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Tanya N. Augustine
- School of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
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13
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Yin B, Zhang S, Huang Y, Long Y, Chen Y, Zhao S, Zhou A, Cao M, Yin X, Luo D. The antithrombosis effect of dehydroandrographolide succinate: in vitro and in vivo studies. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:175-184. [PMID: 35014931 PMCID: PMC8757605 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2021948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Dehydroandrographolide succinate (DAS) is mainly used in the clinical treatment of various infectious diseases. Its potential effects on platelet aggregation and blood coagulation systems have not been reported systematically. OBJECTIVE To explore whether DAS exerts an antithrombotic effect and its internal mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human blood samples and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats divided into control, aspirin (30 mg/kg), and DAS groups (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg) were used to measure the platelet aggregation rate, coagulation function, coagulation factor activity, and contents of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α). The histopathology of the SD rat gastric mucosa was also observed. All rats were administered intragastric or intraperitoneal injections once a day for 3 consecutive days. RESULTS Compared to control group, DAS significantly inhibited the platelet aggregation rate (ED50 = 386.9 mg/kg) by decreasing TXB2 levels (1531.95 ± 649.90 pg/mL to 511.08 ± 411.82 pg/mL) and activating antithrombin III (AT-III) (103.22 ± 16.22% to 146.46 ± 8.96%) (p < 0.05). In addition, DAS significantly enhanced the coagulation factors FV (304.12 ± 79.65% to 443.44 ± 75.04%), FVII (324.19 ± 48.03% to 790.66 ± 225.56%), FVIII (524.79 ± 115.47% to 679.92 ± 143.34%), FX (34.90 ± 7.40% to 102.76 ± 29.41%) and FXI (38.12 ± 10.33% to 65.47 ± 34.08%), increased the content of Fg (2.18 ± 0.39 to 3.61 ± 0.37 g/L), shorten the PT (10.42 ± 0.44 to 9.22 ± 0.21 s), APTT (16.43 ± 1.4 to 14.07 ± 0.75 s) and TT time (37.04 ± 2.13 to 32.68 ± 1.29 s) (p < 0.05), while the aspirin group showed no such effect on these items but showed reduced activity of FII (89.21 ± 21.72% to 61.83 ± 8.95%) and FVIII (524.79 ± 115.47% to 306.60 ± 29.96%) (p < 0.05). Histopathological changes showed aspirin-induced gastric mucosa haemorrhage and the protective effect of DAS in the gastric mucosa. CONCLUSIONS DAS is more suitable than aspirin in thromboprophylaxis treatment, which provides a reliable theoretical and experimental basis for its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Yin
- Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuhua Zhang
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuxi Huang
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuanzhu Long
- Nanchang Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Service Centre, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiguo Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shiyun Zhao
- Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Academy of Jiangxi Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang
| | - Aiqun Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Minghua Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoming Yin
- Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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14
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Walsh SW, Al Dulaimi M, Strauss JF. Aspirin Inhibits the Inflammatory Response of Protease-Activated Receptor 1 in Pregnancy Neutrophils: Implications for Treating Women with Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13218. [PMID: 36362006 PMCID: PMC9654155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils expressing cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) extensively infiltrate maternal blood vessels in preeclampsia, associated with vascular inflammation. Because pregnancy neutrophils also express protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1, F2R thrombin receptor), which they do not in non-pregnant subjects, they can be activated by proteases. We tested the hypothesis that aspirin at a dose sufficient to inhibit COX-2 would reduce inflammatory responses in preeclampsia neutrophils. Neutrophils were isolated from normal pregnant and preeclamptic women at approximately 30 weeks' gestation. Normal pregnancy neutrophils were treated with elastase, a protease elevated in preeclampsia, or elastase plus aspirin to inhibit COX-2, or elastase plus pinane thromboxane, a biologically active structural analog of thromboxane and a thromboxane synthase inhibitor. Preeclamptic pregnancy neutrophils were treated with the same doses of aspirin or pinane thromboxane. Confocal microscopy with immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the cellular localization of the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and media concentrations of thromboxane were measured to evaluate the inflammatory response. In untreated neutrophils of normal pregnant women, p65 was localized to the cytosol. Upon stimulation with elastase, p65 translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus coincident with increased thromboxane production. When neutrophils were co-treated with aspirin or pinane thromboxane, elastase was not able to cause nuclear translocation of p65 or increase thromboxane. In untreated neutrophils of preeclamptic women, the p65 subunit was present in the nucleus and thromboxane production was elevated, but when preeclamptic neutrophils were treated with aspirin or pinane thromboxane, p65 was cleared from the nucleus and returned to the cytosol along with decreased thromboxane production. These findings suggest that COX-2 is a downstream mediator of PAR-1 and demonstrate that PAR-1- mediated inflammation can be inhibited by aspirin. Given the extensive and ubiquitous expression of PAR-1 and COX-2 in preeclamptic women, consideration should be given to treating women with preeclampsia using a dose of aspirin sufficient to inhibit COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W. Walsh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0034, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0034, USA
| | - Marwah Al Dulaimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0034, USA
| | - Jerome F. Strauss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0034, USA
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15
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Abstract
Acetaminophen is widely regarded as a safe therapy for pain and fever in patients with cardiovascular disease and those taking anticoagulants. However, recent studies report that acetaminophen, like most other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, increases blood pressure, and a formulation containing sodium increases cardiovascular risk. Those findings call into question guidelines recommending acetaminophen for patients with cardiovascular disease and pain, and those taking anticoagulants. We review evidence that acetaminophen has effects in common with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and its influence on coagulation via effects on vitamin K metabolism. Possible alternatives to acetaminophen for patients with pain are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J David Spence
- Stroke Prevention & Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (J.D.S.)
| | - Tilo Grosser
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (T.G., G.A.F.).,Department of Translational Pharmacology, Medical School EWL, Bielefeld University, Germany (T.G.)
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (T.G., G.A.F.)
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16
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Tofteng SS, Nilsson L, Mogensen AK, Nørregaard R, Nüsing R, Diatchikhine M, Lund L, Bistrup C, Jensen BL, Madsen K. Increased COX-2 after ureter obstruction attenuates fibrosis and is associated with EP 2 receptor upregulation in mouse and human kidney. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 235:e13828. [PMID: 35543087 PMCID: PMC9542224 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity protects against oxidative stress and apoptosis early in experimental kidney injury. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that COX-2 activity attenuates fibrosis and preserves microvasculature in injured kidney. The murine unilateral ureteral-obstruction (UUO) model of kidney fibrosis was employed and compared with human nephrectomy tissue with and without chronic hydronephrosis. METHODS Fibrosis and angiogenic markers were quantified in kidney tissue from wild-type and COX-2-/- mice subjected to UUO for 7 days and in human kidney tissue. COX-enzymes, prostaglandin (PG) synthases, PG receptors, PGE2 , and thromboxane were determined in human tissue. RESULTS COX-2 immunosignal was observed in interstitial fibroblasts at baseline and after UUO. Fibronectin, collagen I, III, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and fibroblast specific protein-1 mRNAs increased significantly more after UUO in COX-2-/- vs wild-type mice. In vitro, fibroblasts from COX-2-/- kidneys showed higher matrix synthesis. Compared to control, human hydronephrotic kidneys showed (i) fibrosis, (ii) no significant changes in COX-2, COX-1, PGE2 -, and prostacyclin synthases, and prostacyclin and thromboxane receptor mRNAs, (iii) increased mRNA and protein of PGE2 -EP2 receptor level but unchanged PGE2 tissue concentration, and (iv) two- to threefold increased thromboxane synthase mRNA and protein levels, and increased thromboxane B2 tissue concentration in cortex and outer medulla. CONCLUSION COX-2 protects in the early phase against obstruction-induced fibrosis and maintains angiogenic factors. Increased PGE2 -EP2 receptor in obstructed human and murine kidneys could contribute to protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe S. Tofteng
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Line Nilsson
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Amalie K. Mogensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | | | - Rolf Nüsing
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyGoethe UniversityFrankfurtGermany
| | | | - Lars Lund
- Department of UrologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark,Department of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Claus Bistrup
- Department of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Department of NephrologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Boye L. Jensen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Kirsten Madsen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular MedicineUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Department of PathologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
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17
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Griffith JA, Garner KL, Bowdridge EC, DeVallance E, Schafner KJ, Engles KJ, Batchelor TP, Goldsmith WT, Wix K, Hussain S, Nurkiewicz TR. Nanomaterial Inhalation During Pregnancy Alters Systemic Vascular Function in a Cyclooxygenase-Dependent Manner. Toxicol Sci 2022; 188:219-233. [PMID: 35642938 PMCID: PMC9333412 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy requires rapid adaptations in the uterine microcirculation to support fetal development. Nanomaterial inhalation is associated with cardiovascular dysfunction, which may impair gestation. We have shown that maternal nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) inhalation impairs microvascular endothelial function in response to arachidonic acid and thromboxane (TXA2) mimetics. However, the mechanisms underpinning this process are unknown. Therefore, we hypothesize that maternal nano-TiO2 inhalation during gestation results in uterine microvascular prostacyclin (PGI2) and TXA2 dysfunction. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed from gestational day 10-19 to nano-TiO2 aerosols (12.17 ± 1.67 mg/m3) or filtered air (sham-control). Dams were euthanized on gestational day 20, and serum, uterine radial arterioles, implantation sites, and lungs were collected. Serum was assessed for PGI2 and TXA2 metabolites. TXB2, the stable TXA2 metabolite, was significantly decreased in nano-TiO2 exposed dams (597.3 ± 84.4 vs 667.6 ± 45.6 pg/ml), whereas no difference was observed for 6-keto-PGF1α, the stable PGI2 metabolite. Radial arteriole pressure myography revealed that nano-TiO2 exposure caused increased vasoconstriction to the TXA2 mimetic, U46619, compared with sham-controls (-41.3% ± 4.3% vs -16.8% ± 3.4%). Nano-TiO2 exposure diminished endothelium-dependent vasodilation to carbaprostacyclin, a PGI2 receptor agonist, compared with sham-controls (30.0% ± 9.0% vs 53.7% ± 6.0%). Maternal nano-TiO2 inhalation during gestation decreased nano-TiO2 female pup weight when compared with sham-control males (3.633 ± 0.064 vs 3.995 ± 0.124 g). Augmented TXA2 vasoconstriction and decreased PGI2 vasodilation may lead to decreased placental blood flow and compromise maternofetal exchange of waste and nutrients, which could ultimately impact fetal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Griffith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Krista L Garner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Bowdridge
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Evan DeVallance
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Kallie J Schafner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Kevin J Engles
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Thomas P Batchelor
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Kimberley Wix
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-9229, USA
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Patrono
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | - Bianca Rocca
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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Hariri E, Kakouros N, Bunsick DA, Russell SD, Mudd JO, Laws K, Lake MW, Rade JJ. Non-platelet thromboxane generation is associated with impaired cardiovascular performance and mortality in heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H248-H255. [PMID: 35714178 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00212.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-platelet thromboxane generation, stimulated largely by oxidative stress, is a novel mortality risk factor in individuals with coronary artery disease. Though inversely associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), a potential role in the pathobiology of heart failure (HF) remains poorly defined. METHODS Non-platelet thromboxane generation and oxidative stress were assessed by measuring urine thromboxane B2 metabolites (TXB2-M) and 8-isoPGF2α by ELISA in 105 subjects taking aspirin undergoing right heart catheterization for evaluation of HF, valve disease or after transplantation. Multivariable logistic regression and survival analyses were used to define associations of TXB2-M to invasive measures of cardiovascular performance and 4-year clinical outcome. RESULTS TXB2-M was elevated (>1500 pg/mg creatinine) in 46% of subjects and correlated with HF severity by NYHA functional class and brain natriuretic peptide level, modestly with LVEF, but not with HF etiology. There was no association of oxidative stress to HF type or etiology but a trend with NYHA functional class. Multiple invasive hemodynamic parameters independently associated with TXB2-M after adjustment for oxidative stress, age, sex and race with pulmonary effective arterial elastance (Ea (pulmonary)), reflective of right ventricular afterload, being the most robust on hierarchical analysis. Similar to Ea (pulmonary), elevated urinary TXB2-M associated with increased risk of death (adjusted HR 2.15, P=0.037) and combination of death, transplant, or mechanical support initiation (adjusted HR 2.0, P=0.042). CONCLUSIONS Non-platelet TXA2 thromboxane generation independently associated with HF severity reflected by invasive measures of cardiovascular performance, particularly right ventricular afterload, and independently predicted long-term mortal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa Hariri
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.,Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Nikolaos Kakouros
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - David A Bunsick
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | | | - James O Mudd
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Katherine Laws
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | | | - Jeffrey J Rade
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States.,Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
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20
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Malacarne PF, Bezzenberger J, Lopez M, Warwick T, Müller N, Brandes RP, Rezende F. Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid and Prostanoid Crosstalk at the Receptor and Intracellular Signaling Levels to Maintain Vascular Tone. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115939. [PMID: 35682616 PMCID: PMC9180422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are signaling lipids produced by the cytochrome P450-(CYP450)-mediated epoxygenation of arachidonic acid. EETs have numerous biological effects on the vascular system, but aspects including their species specificity make their effects on vascular tone controversial. CYP450 enzymes require the 450-reductase (POR) for their activity. We set out to determine the contribution of endothelial CYP450 to murine vascular function using isolated aortic ring preparations from tamoxifen-inducible endothelial cell-specific POR knockout mice (ecPOR-/-). Constrictor responses to phenylephrine were similar between control (CTR) and ecPOR-/- mice. Contrastingly, sensitivity to the thromboxane receptor agonist U46619 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was increased following the deletion of POR. Ex vivo incubation with a non-hydrolyzable EET (14,15-EE-8(Z)-E, EEZE) reversed the increased sensitivity to U46619 to the levels of CTR. EETs had no effect on vascular tone in phenylephrine-preconstricted vessels, but dilated vessels contracted with U46619 or PGE2. As U46619 acts through RhoA-dependent kinase, this system was analyzed. The deletion of POR affected the expression of genes in this pathway and the inhibition of Rho-GTPase with SAR407899 decreased sensitivity to U46619. These data suggest that EET and prostanoid crosstalk at the receptor level and that lack of EET production sensitizes vessels to vasoconstriction via the induction of the Rho kinase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Felipe Malacarne
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (P.F.M.); (J.B.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (N.M.); (R.P.B.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Justus Bezzenberger
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (P.F.M.); (J.B.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (N.M.); (R.P.B.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Melina Lopez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (P.F.M.); (J.B.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (N.M.); (R.P.B.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Timothy Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (P.F.M.); (J.B.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (N.M.); (R.P.B.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Niklas Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (P.F.M.); (J.B.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (N.M.); (R.P.B.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ralf P. Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (P.F.M.); (J.B.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (N.M.); (R.P.B.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Flávia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (P.F.M.); (J.B.); (M.L.); (T.W.); (N.M.); (R.P.B.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-6996; Fax: +49-69-6301-7668
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21
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Rade JJ, Barton BA, Vasan RS, Kronsberg SS, Xanthakis V, Keaney JF, Hamburg NM, Kakouros N, Kickler TA. Association of Thromboxane Generation With Survival in Aspirin Users and Nonusers. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 80:233-250. [PMID: 35660296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent systemic thromboxane generation, predominantly from nonplatelet sources, in aspirin (ASA) users with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a mortality risk factor. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine the mortality risk associated with systemic thromboxane generation in an unselected population irrespective of ASA use. METHODS Stable thromboxane B2 metabolites (TXB2-M) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in banked urine from 3,044 participants (mean age 66 ± 9 years, 53.8% women) in the Framingham Heart Study. The association of TXB2-M to survival over a median observation period of 11.9 years (IQR: 10.6-12.7 years) was determined by multivariable modeling. RESULTS In 1,363 (44.8%) participants taking ASA at the index examination, median TXB2-M were lower than in ASA nonusers (1,147 pg/mg creatinine vs 4,179 pg/mg creatinine; P < 0.0001). TXB2-M were significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality irrespective of ASA use (HR: 1.96 and 2.41, respectively; P < 0.0001 for both) for TXB2-M in the highest quartile based on ASA use compared with lower quartiles, and remained significant after adjustment for mortality risk factors for similarly aged individuals (HR: 1.49 and 1.82, respectively; P ≤ 0.005 for both). In 2,353 participants without CVD, TXB2-M were associated with cardiovascular mortality in ASA nonusers (adjusted HR: 3.04; 95% CI: 1.29-7.16) but not in ASA users, while ASA use was associated with all-cause mortality in those with low (adjusted HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14-1.87) but not elevated TXB2-M. CONCLUSIONS Systemic thromboxane generation is an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality irrespective of ASA use, and its measurement may be useful for therapy modification, particularly in those without CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Rade
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Bruce A Barton
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Shari S Kronsberg
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - John F Keaney
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naomi M Hamburg
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nikolaos Kakouros
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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Drozd A, Szczuko M, Bohatyrewicz A, Jurewicz A, Kotlęga D. High Levels of Thromboxane (TX) Are Associated with the Sex-Dependent Non-Dipping Phenomenon in Ischemic Stroke Patients. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2652. [PMID: 35566778 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and high blood pressure (nondipping profile) during the rest/sleep period have been associated with an effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disorders and a more severe course in the ischemic cerebrovascular event. There are no available data on the relationship between dipping status and the pro-inflammatory metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA); therefore, we undertook a study to investigate the influence of thromboxane on the incidence of nondipping among patients after stroke. METHODS Sixty-two patients with ischemic stroke (including 34 women and 28 men) were tested for the involvement of thromboxane in the nondipping phenomenon. Subjects were analyzed for the presence of the physiological phenomenon of dipping (DIP group) versus its absence-nondipping (NDIP group). Thromboxane (TX) measurements were performed using liquid chromatography, and blood pressure was measured 24 h a day in all subjects. RESULTS The analysis of the thromboxane level in the plasma of patients after ischemic stroke showed significant differences in terms of sex (p = 0.0004). Among women in both groups, the concentration of TX was high, while similar levels were observed in the group of men from the NDIP group. However, when comparing men in the DIP and NDIP groups, a lower TX level was noticeable in the DIP group. CONCLUSIONS A higher level of TX may be associated with a disturbance of the physiological phenomenon of DIP in men and women. However, in our opinion, TX is not the main determinant of the DIP phenomenon and, at the same time, other pro-inflammatory factors may also be involved in the occurrence of this singularity.
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23
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Eschenbacher W, Kim M, Mattos J, Lawrence M, Payne S, Borish L. Activation of platelet-adherent basophils in chronic rhinosinusitis with alcohol hypersensitivity. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 128:443-450. [PMID: 35063628 PMCID: PMC8977270 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol hypersensitivity (AH), an exacerbation of respiratory symptoms in response to alcohol consumption, is common in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease and other forms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). We speculated that these reactions relate to the activation of innate immune cells including basophils and, in particular, platelet-adherent basophils by polyphenolic compounds contained within eliciting alcoholic beverages. OBJECTIVE We investigated the absolute numbers of these cells in patients with AH and the ability of relevant polyphenolic compounds to cause cellular activation. METHODS Data were collected from 412 consecutive adults presenting to a tertiary care sinonasal clinic in whom the presence of AH was elicited. The CRS phenotype was determined and results from complete blood cell count and differential were analyzed. A subset of patients was invited to donate blood samples that were used to explore the ability of relevant compounds associated with alcohol consumption to activate platelet-nonadherent and platelet-adherent basophils. Activation was quantified by flow cytometry as up-regulated expression of CD63 and as secretion of lipid metabolites. RESULTS Of the 412 patients enrolled, 69 (16.7%) endorsed having AH. Significantly higher platelet counts were seen in patients reporting AH. Red wine extract and several polyphenolic compounds produced basophil activation and this was primarily observed among platelet-adherent basophils. Platelet activation was further established as the release of thromboxane B2. CONCLUSION The presence of AH is associated with significantly higher platelet levels and compounds present in alcoholic beverages can directly mediate both their activation and the activation of platelet-adherent basophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Eschenbacher
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Margaret Kim
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - José Mattos
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Monica Lawrence
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Spencer Payne
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Larry Borish
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia; Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia.
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24
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Baratta F, Cammisotto V, Tozzi G, Coronati M, Bartimoccia S, Castellani V, Nocella C, D’Amico A, Angelico F, Carnevale R, Pignatelli P, Del Ben M. High Compliance to Mediterranean Diet Associates with Lower Platelet Activation and Liver Collagen Deposition in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061209. [PMID: 35334864 PMCID: PMC8952322 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (Med-Diet) is considered the most effective dietary patterns to obtain weight loss in NAFLD patients. Previous evidence suggested that Med-Diet adherence could reduce cardiovascular risk and have a beneficial effect on NAFLD severity. Aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between Med-Diet adherence, platelet activation (PA), and liver collagen deposition. The study was performed in 655 consecutive NAFLD outpatients from the PLINIO study, a prospective observational cohort study aimed to identify non-conventional predictors of liver fibrosis progression in NAFLD. PA was measured by the serum thromboxane B2 (TxB2), and liver collagen deposition by N-terminal propeptide of type III collagen (Pro-C3). Adherence to the Med-diet was investigated by a short nine-item validated dietary questionnaire. Patients with high Med-Diet adherence were older and had less metabolic syndrome and lower serum triglycerides, GGT, TxB2, and Pro-C3. At multivariate regression analyses, in the linear model, the Med-Diet score negatively correlated with both TxB2 (Beta = −0.106; p = 0.009) and Pro-C3 (Beta = −0.121; p = 0.002) and in the logistic model high adherence inversely correlated with higher TxB2 tertiles (II tertile: OR = 0.576, p = 0.044; III tertile: OR = 0.556, p = 0.026) and Pro-C3 tertile (III tertile: OR = 0.488, p = 0.013). Low consumption of red meat inversely correlated with higher TxB2 tertile (II tertile: OR = 0.448, p < 0.001, III tertile: OR = 0.567, p = 0.004). In conclusion, NAFLD patients with high adherence to the Med-Diet show lower PA and liver collagen deposition, suggesting a protective role of the Med-Diet against NAFLD progression and cardiovascular risk. In addition, the correlation between TxB2 and Pro-C3 suggests a link between NAFLD severity and cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Baratta
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (M.C.); (C.N.); (P.P.); (M.D.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (M.C.); (C.N.); (P.P.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Giulia Tozzi
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00146 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mattia Coronati
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (M.C.); (C.N.); (P.P.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Simona Bartimoccia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (R.C.)
| | - Valentina Castellani
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Speciality “Paride Stefanini”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Cristina Nocella
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (M.C.); (C.N.); (P.P.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Alessandra D’Amico
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesco Angelico
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.B.); (R.C.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (M.C.); (C.N.); (P.P.); (M.D.B.)
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Del Ben
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (M.C.); (C.N.); (P.P.); (M.D.B.)
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Abstract
Innate immune responses are effective for insect survival to defend against entomopathogens including a fungal pathogen, Metarhizium rileyi, that infects a lepidopteran Spodoptera exigua. In particular, the fungal virulence was attenuated by cellular immune responses, in which the conidia were phagocytosed by hemocytes (insect blood cells) and hyphal growth was inhibited by hemocyte encapsulation. However, the chemokine signal to drive hemocytes to the infection foci was little understood. The hemocyte behaviors appeared to be guided by a Ca2+ signal stimulating cell aggregation to the infection foci. The induction of the Ca2+ signal was significantly inhibited by the cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. Under the inhibitory condition, the addition of thromboxane A2 or B2 (TXA2 or TXB2) among COX products was the most effective to recover the Ca2+ signal and hemocyte aggregation. TXB2 alone induced a microaggregation behavior of hemocytes under in vitro conditions. Indeed, TXB2 titer was significantly increased in the plasma of the infected larvae. The elevated TXB2 level was further supported by the induction of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in the hemocytes and subsequent up-regulation of COX-like peroxinectins (SePOX-F and SePOX-H) in response to the fungal infection. Finally, the expression of a thromboxane synthase (Se-TXAS) gene was highly expressed in the hemocytes. RNA interference (RNAi) of Se-TXAS expression inhibited the Ca2+ signal and hemocyte aggregation around fungal hyphae, which were rescued by the addition of TXB2. Without any ortholog to mammalian thromboxane receptors, a prostaglandin receptor was essential to mediate TXB2 signal to elevate the Ca2+ signal and mediate hemocyte aggregation behavior. Specific inhibitor assays suggest that the downstream signal after binding TXB2 to the receptor follows the Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release pathway from the endoplasmic reticulum of the hemocytes. These results suggest that hemocyte aggregation induced by the fungal infection is triggered by TXB2via a Ca2+ signal through a PG receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miltan Chandra Roy
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - Kiwoong Nam
- DGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Jaesu Kim
- Department of Agricultural Convergence Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - David Stanley
- Biological Control of Insect Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Station (USDA/ARS), Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Yonggyun Kim
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
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Walsh SW, Strauss JF. Pregnancy-specific expression of protease-activated receptor 1: a therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of preeclampsia? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 226:S945-S953. [PMID: 35177224 PMCID: PMC8868505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.11.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils extensively infiltrate maternal blood vessels in preeclampsia. This could explain why multiple organs are affected in this enigmatic disorder. Lipid peroxides produced by the placenta are probably the first factors that activate neutrophils as they circulate through the intervillous space, but then a second factor specific to pregnancy comes into play, protease-activated receptor 1. The only time neutrophils express protease-activated receptor 1 is during pregnancy. This means that neutrophils can be activated by a mechanism specific to pregnancy, that is, by proteases. Two proteases that are elevated in preeclampsia and activate protease-activated receptor 1 are matrix metalloproteinase-1 and neutrophil elastase. There is an 8-fold increase in vascular protease-activated receptor 1 expression in women with preeclampsia, and protease-activated receptor 1 is also expressed on the placenta, a pregnancy-specific tissue. The question arises if the pregnancy-specific expression of protease-activated receptor 1 is essential to the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Protease activation of protease-activated receptor 1 in neutrophils of women with normal pregnancies causes activation of RhoA kinase. RhoA kinase phosphorylates nuclear factor-kappa B causing its translocation from the cytosol into the nucleus, increasing the expression of inflammatory genes. This signaling pathway is blocked by inhibition of either protease-activated receptor 1 or RhoA kinase activity. In contrast, neutrophils obtained from preeclamptic women are already activated, with nuclear factor-kappa B localized in the nucleus. Surprisingly, inhibition of either protease-activated receptor 1 or RhoA kinase results in an efflux of nuclear factor-kappa B from the nucleus back into the cytoplasm. Cyclooxygenase-2 seems to be a downstream mediator between protease-activated receptor 1 and RhoA kinase because aspirin inhibits the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B and inhibits neutrophil production of superoxide, thromboxane, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Currently, low-dose aspirin is the standard of care to prevent preeclampsia in high-risk women. Generally, the actions of low-dose aspirin are attributed to selective inhibition of maternal platelet thromboxane production. However, a recent study showed that beneficial effects extend to the placenta, where aspirin corrected the imbalance of increased thromboxane and reduced prostacyclin and oxidative stress. Selective inhibition of placental thromboxane is possible because thromboxane and prostacyclin are compartmentalized. Thromboxane is produced by trophoblast cells and prostacyclin by endothelial cells, so as aspirin crosses the placenta, its levels decline, sparing prostacyclin. Placental oxidative stress is attenuated because cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition decreases the generation of reactive oxygen species to decrease the formation of isoprostanes. The clinical manifestations of preeclampsia can be explained by protease activation of protease-activated receptor 1 in different tissues. In neutrophils, it can account for their activation and inflammatory response. In vascular tissue, protease-activated receptor 1 activation leads to enhanced vascular reactivity to angiotensin II to cause hypertension. In the placenta, it leads to oxidative stress, increased soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase, and thromboxane production. Activation of protease-activated receptor 1 on endothelial cells causes contraction, leading to edema and proteinuria, and activation on platelets leads to coagulation abnormalities. As proteases that activate protease-activated receptor 1 are elevated in the circulation of women with preeclampsia, consideration should be given to the inhibition of protease-activated receptor 1 as a treatment. Recently, The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a protease-activated receptor 1 inhibitor, creating an opportunity to test whether protease-activated receptor 1 inhibition can prevent and/or treat preeclampsia, but a standard dose of aspirin might be just as effective by blocking its downstream actions.
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27
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Conway EA, Evans NP, Ridyard AE. Urinary 11-dehydro thromboxane B 2 concentrations in 20 dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. J Vet Intern Med 2022; 36:86-96. [PMID: 34859495 PMCID: PMC8783321 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thromboembolic disease is a major cause of mortality in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA). At present, no reliable biomarkers of individual patient thrombotic risk are available. In human medicine, increased urinary thromboxane concentrations have utility as markers of prothrombotic tendency in various situations. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES First, to determine if urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (u11-dTXB) concentrations are increased in dogs with primary IMHA compared to normal dogs; second, to assess whether u11-dTXB concentration is associated with survival, known prognostic indicators, or frequency of thrombosis in dogs with IMHA. ANIMALS Twenty client-owned dogs diagnosed with primary IMHA and 17 healthy dogs volunteered by hospital staff. METHODS Prospective case-control study. A previously validated ELISA was used to measure urine 11-dTXB concentrations, which were normalized to urine creatinine concentration (u11-dTXB:Cr). Samples were obtained at presentation from patients with primary IMHA. Standard clincopathological data at baseline and survival data were collected. Urinary 11-dTXB:Cr was compared between outcome subgroups, and correlated with known markers of disease severity. RESULTS Baseline u11-dTXB:Cr was significantly higher in dogs with IMHA than in healthy dogs (median, 3.75; range, 0.83-25.36 vs 0.65; 0.24-2.57; P = .003) but did not differ between dogs with IMHA that survived and did not survive to 30 days after presentation, nor between dogs with and without clinical suspicion of thrombotic disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Urinary 11-dTXB:Cr is increased in dogs with IMHA compared to healthy controls, consistent with a prothrombotic state. However, in this IMHA population u11-dTXB:Cr was not associated with survival or suspected thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Conway
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Neil P. Evans
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUnited Kingdom
| | - Alison E. Ridyard
- Small Animal Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
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Szczuko M, Kozioł I, Kotlęga D, Brodowski J, Drozd A. The Role of Thromboxane in the Course and Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11644. [PMID: 34769074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are currently among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in many developed countries. They are distinguished by chronic and latent development, a course with stages of worsening of symptoms and a period of improvement, and a constant potential threat to life. One of the most important disorders in cardiovascular disease is ischemic stroke. The causes of ischemic stroke can be divided into non-modifiable and modifiable causes. One treatment modality from a neurological point of view is acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), which blocks cyclooxygenase and, thus, thromboxane synthesis. The legitimacy of its administration does not raise any doubts in the case of the acute phase of stroke in patients in whom thrombolytic treatment cannot be initiated. The measurement of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) in serum (a stable metabolic product of TxA2) is the only test that measures the effect of aspirin on the activity of COX-1 in platelets. Measurement of thromboxane B2 may be a potential biomarker of vascular disease risk in patients treated with aspirin. The aim of this study is to present the role of thromboxane B2 in ischemic stroke and to present effective therapies for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Scientific articles from the PubMed database were used for the work, which were selected on the basis of a search for “thromboxane and stroke”. Subsequently, a restriction was introduced for works older than 10 years, those concerning animals, and those without full text access. Ultimately, 58 articles were selected. It was shown that a high concentration of TXB2 may be a risk factor for ischemic stroke or ischemic heart disease. However, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that thromboxane could be used in clinical practice as a marker of ischemic stroke. The inclusion of ASA in the prevention of stroke has a beneficial effect that is associated with the effect on thromboxane. However, its insufficient power in 25% or even 50% of the population should be taken into account. An alternative and/or additional therapy could be a selective antagonist of the thromboxane receptor. Thromboxane A2 production is inhibited by estrogen; therefore, the risk of CVD after the menopause and among men is higher. More research is needed in this area.
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Vogelsang A, Eichler S, Huntemann N, Masanneck L, Böhnlein H, Schüngel L, Willison A, Loser K, Nieswandt B, Kehrel BE, Zarbock A, Göbel K, Meuth SG. Platelet Inhibition by Low-Dose Acetylsalicylic Acid Reduces Neuroinflammation in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9915. [PMID: 34576080 PMCID: PMC8465626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aside from the established immune-mediated etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), compelling evidence implicates platelets as important players in disease pathogenesis. Specifically, numerous studies have highlighted that activated platelets promote the central nervous system (CNS)-directed adaptive immune response early in the disease course. Platelets, therefore, present a novel opportunity for modulating the neuroinflammatory process that characterizes MS. We hypothesized that the well-known antiplatelet agent acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) could inhibit neuroinflammation by affecting platelets if applied at low-dose and investigated its effect during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model to study MS. We found that oral administration of low-dose ASA alleviates symptoms of EAE accompanied by reduced inflammatory infiltrates and less extensive demyelination. Remarkably, the percentage of CNS-infiltrated CD4+ T cells, the major drivers of neuroinflammation, was decreased to 40.98 ± 3.28% in ASA-treated mice compared to 56.11 ± 1.46% in control animals at the disease maximum as revealed by flow cytometry. More interestingly, plasma levels of thromboxane A2 were decreased, while concentrations of platelet factor 4 and glycoprotein VI were not affected by low-dose ASA treatment. Overall, we demonstrate that low-dose ASA could ameliorate the platelet-dependent neuroinflammatory response in vivo, thus indicating a potential treatment approach for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vogelsang
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.E.); (N.H.); (L.M.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Susann Eichler
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.E.); (N.H.); (L.M.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Niklas Huntemann
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.E.); (N.H.); (L.M.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Lars Masanneck
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.E.); (N.H.); (L.M.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Hannes Böhnlein
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.E.); (N.H.); (L.M.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Lisa Schüngel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.S.); (B.E.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Alice Willison
- The Northern Foundation School, Newcastle-upon-Tyne University Hospitals, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE15 8NY, UK;
| | - Karin Loser
- Department of Human Medicine, Institute of Immunology, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany;
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Rudolf Virchow Center, Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Beate E. Kehrel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.S.); (B.E.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (L.S.); (B.E.K.); (A.Z.)
| | - Kerstin Göbel
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (S.E.); (N.H.); (L.M.); (H.B.); (K.G.)
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
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Abstract
Bioactive lipid mediators play a major role in regulating inflammatory processes. Herein, early pro-inflammatory phases are characterized and regulated by prostanoids and leukotrienes, whereas specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM), including lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins, dominate during the resolution phase. While pro-inflammatory properties of prostanoids have been studied extensively, their impact on later phases of the inflammatory process has been attributed mainly to their ability to initiate the lipid-mediator class switch towards SPM. Yet, there is accumulating evidence that prostanoids directly contribute to the resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. In this mini review, we summarize the current knowledge of the resolution-regulatory properties of prostanoids and discuss potential implications for anti-inflammatory, prostanoid-targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Schmid
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
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31
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Walsh SW, Strauss JF. The Road to Low-Dose Aspirin Therapy for the Prevention of Preeclampsia Began with the Placenta. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6985. [PMID: 34209594 PMCID: PMC8268135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The road to low-dose aspirin therapy for the prevention of preeclampsia began in the 1980s with the discovery that there was increased thromboxane and decreased prostacyclin production in placentas of preeclamptic women. At the time, low-dose aspirin therapy was being used to prevent recurrent myocardial infarction and other thrombotic events based on its ability to selectively inhibit thromboxane synthesis without affecting prostacyclin synthesis. With the discovery that thromboxane was increased in preeclamptic women, it was reasonable to evaluate whether low-dose aspirin would be effective for preeclampsia prevention. The first clinical trials were very promising, but then two large multi-center trials dampened enthusiasm until meta-analysis studies showed aspirin was effective, but with caveats. Low-dose aspirin was most effective when started <16 weeks of gestation and at doses >100 mg/day. It was effective in reducing preterm preeclampsia, but not term preeclampsia, and patient compliance and patient weight were important variables. Despite the effectiveness of low-dose aspirin therapy in correcting the placental imbalance between thromboxane and prostacyclin and reducing oxidative stress, some aspirin-treated women still develop preeclampsia. Alterations in placental sphingolipids and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids not affected by aspirin, but with biologic actions that could cause preeclampsia, may explain treatment failures. Consideration should be given to aspirin's effect on neutrophils and pregnancy-specific expression of protease-activated receptor 1, as well as additional mechanisms of action to prevent preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott W. Walsh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;
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Sciacqua A, Andreozzi F, Succurro E, Pastori D, Cammisotto V, Armentaro G, Mannino GC, Fiorentino TV, Pignatelli P, Angiolillo DJ, Sesti G, Violi F. Impaired Clinical Efficacy of Aspirin in Hypoalbuminemic Patients With Diabetes Mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:695961. [PMID: 34239442 PMCID: PMC8258313 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.695961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of albumin levels on the aspirin efficacy, since aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation (PA) by cyclooxygenase one irreversible acetylation that is less effective in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients and Methods: A total of 612 aspirin (100 mg/day)-treated T2DM patients were followed-up for 54.4 ± 7.3 months. The primary endpoint, a composite of cardiovascular events (CVEs) including CV death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and coronary revascularization, was analysed according to baseline values of serum albumin (≥ or < 3.5 g/dL). Serum thromboxane (Tx)B2 was also measured. Results: 250 (40.8%) patients had serum albumin < 3.5 g/dL; these patients were overweight and had higher values of fibrinogen (p = 0.009), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.001) and fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.0001) compared to those with albumin ≥ 3.5 g/dL. During follow-up, 86 CVEs were recorded, 49 and 37 in patients with serum albumin < or ≥3.5 g/dL, respectively (p = 0.001). At multivariable Cox regression analysis, serum albumin < 3.5 g/dL (hazard ratio [HR] 1.887, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.136–3.135, p = 0.014), age (HR 1.552 for every 10 years, 95%CI 1.157–2.081, p = 0.003), fasting plasma glucose (HR 1.063, 95%CI 1.022–1.105, p = 0.002) and beta-blocker use (HR 0.440, 95%CI 0.270–0.717, p = 0.001) were associated to CVEs. Serum TxB2 levels (n = 377) were 0.32 ± 0.12 and 0.24 ± 0.12 ng/ml in patients with albumin < or ≥ 3.5 g/dL, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In T2DM patients, the efficacy of aspirin varies according to albumin levels. Hypoalbuminemia associated with impaired TxB2 inhibition and an increased risk of long-term CVEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sciacqua
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Andreozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Elena Succurro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological, and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialty Paride Stefanini, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Armentaro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gaia C Mannino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological, and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Dominick J Angiolillo
- Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Violi
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anaesthesiological, and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
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Archambault AS, Zaid Y, Rakotoarivelo V, Turcotte C, Doré É, Dubuc I, Martin C, Flamand O, Amar Y, Cheikh A, Fares H, El Hassani A, Tijani Y, Côté A, Laviolette M, Boilard É, Flamand L, Flamand N. High levels of eicosanoids and docosanoids in the lungs of intubated COVID-19 patients. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21666. [PMID: 34033145 PMCID: PMC8206770 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100540r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While COVID-19 is often benign, a subset of patients develops severe multilobar pneumonia that can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. There is no cure for severe COVID-19 and few treatments significantly improved clinical outcome. Dexamethasone and possibly aspirin, which directly/indirectly target the biosynthesis/effects of numerous lipid mediators are among those options. Our objective was to define if severe COVID-19 patients were characterized by increased bioactive lipids modulating lung inflammation. A targeted lipidomic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) by tandem mass spectrometry was done on 25 healthy controls and 33 COVID-19 patients requiring mechanical ventilation. BALs from severe COVID-19 patients were characterized by increased fatty acids and inflammatory lipid mediators. There was a predominance of thromboxane and prostaglandins. Leukotrienes were also increased, notably LTB4 , LTE4 , and eoxin E4 . Monohydroxylated 15-lipoxygenase metabolites derived from linoleate, arachidonate, eicosapentaenoate, and docosahexaenoate were also increased. Finally yet importantly, specialized pro-resolving mediators, notably lipoxin A4 and the D-series resolvins, were also increased, underscoring that the lipid mediator storm occurring in severe COVID-19 involves pro- and anti-inflammatory lipids. Our data unmask the lipid mediator storm occurring in the lungs of patients afflicted with severe COVID-19. We discuss which clinically available drugs could be helpful at modulating the lipidome we observed in the hope of minimizing the deleterious effects of pro-inflammatory lipids and enhancing the effects of anti-inflammatory and/or pro-resolving lipid mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Archambault
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Younes Zaid
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Volatiana Rakotoarivelo
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Caroline Turcotte
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Étienne Doré
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Arthrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Dubuc
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Cyril Martin
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Flamand
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Youssef Amar
- Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine Cheikh
- Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hakima Fares
- Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Amine El Hassani
- Cheikh Zaïd Hospital, Abulcasis University of Health Sciences, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Youssef Tijani
- Faculty of Medicine, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Andréanne Côté
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Laviolette
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Éric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche Arthrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Flamand
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'immunologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Flamand
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de médecine, Département de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Canada Excellence Research Chair in the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Fontányi Z, Sziva RE, Pál É, Hadjadj L, Monori-Kiss A, Horváth EM, Benkő R, Magyar A, Heinzlmann A, Benyó Z, Nádasy GL, Masszi G, Várbíró S. Vitamin D Deficiency Reduces Vascular Reactivity of Coronary Arterioles in Male Rats. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:79-92. [PMID: 34066967 PMCID: PMC8928984 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may be considered an independent cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, and it is well known that CV risk is higher in males. Our goal was to investigate the pharmacological reactivity and receptor expression of intramural coronary artery segments of male rats in cases of different vitamin D supply. METHODS Four-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into a control group (n = 11) with optimal vitamin D supply (300 IU/kgbw/day) and a VDD group (n = 11, <0.5 IU/kgbw/day). After 8 weeks of treatment, intramural coronary artery segments were microprepared, their pharmacological reactivity was examined by in vitro microangiometry, and their receptor expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Thromboxane A2 (TXA2)-agonist induced reduced vasoconstriction, testosterone (T) and 17-β-estradiol (E2) relaxations were significantly decreased, a significant decrease in thromboxane receptor (TP) expression was shown, and the reduction in estrogen receptor-α (ERα) expression was on the border of significance in the VDD group. CONCLUSIONS VD-deficient male coronary arteries showed deteriorated pharmacological reactivity to TXA2 and sexual steroids (E2, T). Insufficient vasoconstrictor capacity was accompanied by decreased TP receptor expression, and vasodilator impairments were mainly functional. The decrease in vasoconstrictor and vasodilator responses results in narrowed adaptational range of coronaries, causing inadequate coronary perfusion that might contribute to the increased CV risk in VDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Fontányi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.F.); (S.V.)
| | - Réka Eszter Sziva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.F.); (S.V.)
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.M.H.); (R.B.); (G.L.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Éva Pál
- Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (É.P.); (L.H.); (A.M.-K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Leila Hadjadj
- Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (É.P.); (L.H.); (A.M.-K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Anna Monori-Kiss
- Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (É.P.); (L.H.); (A.M.-K.); (Z.B.)
| | - Eszter Mária Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.M.H.); (R.B.); (G.L.N.)
| | - Rita Benkő
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.M.H.); (R.B.); (G.L.N.)
| | - Attila Magyar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embriology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 58, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Andrea Heinzlmann
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary Medicine, István Street 2, 1078 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Department of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (É.P.); (L.H.); (A.M.-K.); (Z.B.)
| | - György L. Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (E.M.H.); (R.B.); (G.L.N.)
| | - Gabriella Masszi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Lehel Street 59-61, 1135 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1082 Budapest, Hungary; (Z.F.); (S.V.)
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Dannenberg L, M'Pembele R, Mourikis P, Helten C, Zako S, Ahlbrecht S, Richter H, Zikeli D, Benkhoff M, Huhn-Wientgen R, Thienel M, Levkau B, Kelm M, Petzold T, Polzin A. Rivaroxaban reduces thromboxane induced platelet aggregation - the forgotten Compass Arm? Platelets 2021; 32:1126-1128. [PMID: 33788669 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1905159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Recent guidelines only recommend 'vascular dose' rivaroxaban in combination with aspirin in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) patients with high risk of ischemic events However, in the COMPASS trial, a reduction of MACCE appeared for low-dose rivaroxaban alone compared to aspirin as well. It was recently shown that FXa induces platelet aggregation via protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) which is in turn attenuated by rivaroxaban. However, a potential impact of rivaroxaban on TX B2 formation is unclear.Methods and Results: TX B2 levels were measured in supernatant from washed platelets after FXa (52 µg/ml) induced platelet aggregation. TX B2 levels were significantly higher in supernatant from FXa-stimulated platelets compared to unstimulated control (Control 23.53 ± 14.15 ng/ml vs. FXa stimulated 77.4 ± 64.14 ng/ml; p = .0025). This effect was abolished in the presence of 100pM rivaroxaban (Control 23.53 ± 14.15 ng/ml vs. FXa stimulated and rivaroxaban 22.15 ± 24.74 ng/ml; p = .5142). Next, we investigated the effects of 100pM rivaroxaban on platelet aggregation induced by U46619 (TX receptor agonist) using light transmission aggregometry. Platelet aggregation quantified by maximum of aggregation (MoA%) was significantly lower in presence of rivaroxaban (U46619 40.18 ± 20.51% vs. U46619+ rivaroxaban 19.26 ± 15.46%; p = .0274).Conclusion: Our results indicate direct effects of rivaroxaban on the cyclooxygenase-1- TX axis during platelet aggregation. Hence, it seems reasonable that the 'forgotten compass arm' (rivaroxaban alone) might be an alternative to the rivaroxaban plus aspirin combination in CCS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dannenberg
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - René M'Pembele
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Mourikis
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Carolin Helten
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Saif Zako
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Samantha Ahlbrecht
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hannah Richter
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Dorothee Zikeli
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Benkhoff
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ragnar Huhn-Wientgen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuela Thienel
- Medizinische Klinik Und Poliklinik I, Klinikum Der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians- University Munich, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute of Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Petzold
- Medizinische Klinik Und Poliklinik I, Klinikum Der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians- University Munich, Germany
| | - Amin Polzin
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Paduchová Z, Katrenčíková B, Vaváková M, Laubertová L, Nagyová Z, Garaiova I, Ďuračková Z, Trebatická J. The Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Thromboxane, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Homocysteine, and Vitamin D in Depressive Children and Adolescents: Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:1095. [PMID: 33801688 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the DEPOXIN project, we have found that a high ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids (FA) is associated with worsening of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with depressive disorder (DD) and that the 12-week omega-3 FA supplementation modulates DD symptoms. Here we present our results of the secondary outcomes: the levels of thromboxane (TXB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), homocysteine (HCy) and vitamin D. Fifty-eight patients were randomized into two arms. One group received a fish oil emulsion enriched with omega-3 FA, and the other received a sunflower oil emulsion containing omega-6 FA, for 12 weeks. Depressive symptoms were evaluated, using the Child's Depressive Inventory (CDI). The patients with DD had elevated TXB levels and decreased vitamin D levels, as compared to healthy controls. Both CDI and omega-6/omega-3 ratio correlated positively with TXB and negatively with BDNF at baseline. Compared to the omega-6 FA group, the supplementation with omega-3 FA for 12 weeks significantly reduced plasma TXB (p = 0.024) and increased BDNF (p = 0.011) levels. No changes in HCy and vitamin D were observed. Our results demonstrate the possible role of TXB and BDNF in the pathophysiology of DD and the benefits of omega-3 FA supplementation. The study was registered with the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN81655012).
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Hosseini Z, Marinello M, Decker C, Sansbury BE, Sadhu S, Gerlach BD, Bossardi Ramos R, Adam AP, Spite M, Fredman G. Resolvin D1 Enhances Necroptotic Cell Clearance Through Promoting Macrophage Fatty Acid Oxidation and Oxidative Phosphorylation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1062-1075. [PMID: 33472399 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plaque necrosis is a key feature of defective resolution in atherosclerosis. Recent evidence suggests that necroptosis promotes plaque necrosis; therefore, we sought to determine how necroptotic cells (NCs) impact resolution programs in plaques. Approach and Results: To investigate the role(s) of necroptosis in advanced atherosclerosis, we used mice deficient of Mlkl, an effector of necroptosis. Mlkl-/- mice that were injected with a gain-of-function mutant PCSK9 (AAV8-gof-PCSK9) and fed a Western diet for 16 weeks, showed significantly less plaque necrosis, increased fibrous caps and improved efferocytosis compared with AAV8-gof-PCSK9 injected wt controls. Additionally, hypercholesterolemic Mlkl-/- mice had a significant increase in proresolving mediators including resolvin D1 (RvD1) and a decrease in prostanoids including thromboxane in plaques and in vitro. We found that exuberant thromboxane released by NCs impaired the clearance of both apoptotic cells and NCs through disruption of oxidative phosphorylation in macrophages. Moreover, we found that NCs did not readily synthesize RvD1 and that exogenous administration of RvD1 to macrophages rescued NC-induced defective efferocytosis. RvD1 also enhanced the uptake of NCs via the activation of p-AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), increased fatty acid oxidation, and enhanced oxidative phosphorylation in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that NCs derange resolution by limiting key SPMs and impairing the efferocytic repertoire of macrophages. Moreover, these findings provide a molecular mechanism for RvD1 in directing proresolving metabolic programs in macrophages and further suggests RvD1 as a potential therapeutic strategy to limit NCs in tissues. Graphic Abstract: A graphic abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Hosseini
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
| | - Michael Marinello
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
| | - Christa Decker
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
| | - Brian E Sansbury
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (B.E.S., M.S.)
| | - Sudeshna Sadhu
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
| | - Brennan D Gerlach
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
| | - Ramon Bossardi Ramos
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
| | - Alejandro P Adam
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
| | - Matthew Spite
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (B.E.S., M.S.)
| | - Gabrielle Fredman
- The Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (Z.H., M.M., C.D., S.S., B.D.G., R.B.R., A.P.A., G.F.)
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Braune S, Küpper JH, Jung F. Effect of Prostanoids on Human Platelet Function: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239020. [PMID: 33260972 PMCID: PMC7730041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostanoids are bioactive lipid mediators and take part in many physiological and pathophysiological processes in practically every organ, tissue and cell, including the vascular, renal, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. In this review, we focus on their influence on platelets, which are key elements in thrombosis and hemostasis. The function of platelets is influenced by mediators in the blood and the vascular wall. Activated platelets aggregate and release bioactive substances, thereby activating further neighbored platelets, which finally can lead to the formation of thrombi. Prostanoids regulate the function of blood platelets by both activating or inhibiting and so are involved in hemostasis. Each prostanoid has a unique activity profile and, thus, a specific profile of action. This article reviews the effects of the following prostanoids: prostaglandin-D2 (PGD2), prostaglandin-E1, -E2 and E3 (PGE1, PGE2, PGE3), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane-A2 (TXA2) on platelet activation and aggregation via their respective receptors.
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Conti P, Caraffa A, Gallenga CE, Ross R, Kritas SK, Frydas I, Younes A, Di Emidio P, Ronconi G, Toniato E. IL-1 induces throboxane-A2 (TxA2) in COVID-19 causing inflammation and micro-thrombi: inhibitory effect of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1623-1627. [PMID: 32744052 DOI: 10.23812/20-34-4edit-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
IL-1 induces a significant number of metabolic and hematological changes. In experimental animals, IL-1 treatments cause hypotension due to rapid reduction of systemic blood pressure, reduced vascular resistance, increased heart rate and leukocyte aggregations. IL-1 causes endothelial dysfunction, the triggering factor of which may be of a different nature including pathogen infection. This dysfunction, which includes macrophage intervention and increased protein permeability, can be mediated by several factors including cytokines and arachidonic acid products. These effects are caused by the induction of IL-1 in various pathologies, including those caused by pathogenic viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 which provokes COVID-19. Activation of macrophages by coronavirus-19 leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, metalloproteinases and other proteolytic enzymes that can cause thrombi formation and severe respiratory dysfunction. Patients with COVID-19, seriously ill and hospitalized in intensive care, present systemic inflammation, intravascular coagulopathy with high risk of thrombotic complications, and venous thromboembolism, effects mostly mediated by IL-1. In these patients the lungs are the most critical target organ as it can present an increase in the degradation products of fibrin, fibrinogen and D-dimer, with organ lesions and respiratory failure. It is well known that IL-1 induces itself and another very important pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF, which also participates in hemodynamic states, including shock syndrome in COVID-19. Both IL-1 and TNF cause pulmonary edema, thrombosis and bleeding. In addition to hypotension and resistance of systemic blood pressure, IL-1 causes leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The formation of thrombi is the main complication of the circulatory system and functionality of the organ, and represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality. IL-1 causes platelet vascular thrombogenicity also on non-endothelial cells by stimulating the formation of thromboxane A2 which is released into the inflamed environment. IL-1 is the most important immune molecule in inducing fever, since it is involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid which increases from vascular endothelial organs of the hypothalamus. The pathogenesis of thrombosis, vascular inflammation and angigenesis involves the mediation of the activation of the prostanoid thromboxane A2 receptor. In 1986, in an interesting article (Conti P, Reale M, Fiore S, Cancelli A, Angeletti PU, Dinarello CA. In vitro enhanced thromboxane B2 release by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages after treatment with human recombinant interleukin 1. Prostaglandins. 1986 Jul;32(1):111-5), we reported for the first time that IL-1 induces thromboxane B2 (TxB2) releases in activated neutrophils and macrophages. An increase in thromboxane can induce leukocyte aggregation and systemic inflammation, which would account for the dramatic thrombi formation and organ dysfunction. Hence, IL-1 stimulates endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion, and TxB2 production. All these events are supported by the large increase in neutrophils that adhere to the lung and the decrease in lymphocytes. Therefore, ecosanoids such as TxA2 (detected as TxB2) have a powerful action on vascular inflammation and platelet aggregation, mediating the formation of thrombi. The thrombogenesis that occurs in COVID-19 includes platelet and cell aggregation with clotting abnormalities, and anti-clotting inhibitor agents are used in the prevention and therapy of thrombotic diseases. Prevention of or induction of TxA2 avoids thrombi formation induced by IL-1. However, in some serious vascular events where TxA2 increases significantly, it is difficult to inhibit, therefore, it would be much better to prevent its induction and generation by blocking its inductors including IL-1. The inhibition or lack of formation of IL-1 avoids all the above pathological events which can lead to death of the patient. The treatment of innate immune cells producing IL-1 with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) can avoid hemodynamic changes, septic shock and organ inflammation by carrying out a new therapeutic efficacy on COVID-19 induced by SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Conti
- Postgraduate Medical School, University of Chieti, 66013 Chieti, Italy
| | - Al Caraffa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - C E Gallenga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Specialist Surgery, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Ross
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - S K Kritas
- Department of Microbiology, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I Frydas
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Younes
- Centro Medico "Mai più Dolore", 65100 Pescara, Italy
| | - P Di Emidio
- Maxillofacial Surgery "G. Mazzini" Hospital, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - G Ronconi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00100 Roma, Italy
| | - E Toniato
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Hoxha M, Spahiu E, Prendi E, Zappacosta B. A Systematic Review on the Role of Arachidonic Acid Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:160-187. [PMID: 32842948 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200825164123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory neurodegenerative disease characterized by destruction of oligodendrocytes, immune cell infiltration and demyelination. Inflammation plays a significant role in MS, and the inflammatory mediators such as eicosanoids, leukotrienes, superoxide radicals are involved in pro-inflammatory responses in MS. In this systematic review we tried to define and discuss all the findings of in vivo animal studies and human clinical trials on the potential association between arachidonic acid (AA) pathway and multiple sclerosis. METHODS A systematic literature search across Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane database was conducted. This systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS A total of 146 studies were included, of which 34 were conducted in animals, 58 in humans, and 60 studies reported the role of different compounds that target AA mediators or their corresponding enzymes/ receptors, and can have a therapeutic effect in MS. These results suggest that eicosanoids have significant roles in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS. The data from animal and human studies elucidated that PGI2, PGF2α, PGD2, isoprostanes, PGE2, PLA2, LTs are increased in MS. PLA2 inhibition modulates the progression of the disease. PGE1 analogues can be a useful option in the treatment of MS. CONCLUSIONS All studies reported the beneficial effects of COX and LOX inhibitors in MS. The hybrid compounds, such as COX-2 inhibitors/TP antagonists and 5-LOX inhibitors can be an innovative approach for multiple sclerosis treatment. Future work in MS should shed light in synthesizing new compounds targeting arachidonic acid pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malvina Hoxha
- Department of Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluations of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Rruga Dritan Hoxha, Tirana. Albania
| | | | - Emanuela Prendi
- Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Rruga Dritan Hoxha, Tirana. Albania
| | - Bruno Zappacosta
- Department of Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluations of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Catholic University Our Lady of Good Counsel, Rruga Dritan Hoxha, Tirana. Albania
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J Barrett
- Department of Medicine (T.J.B., A.H.L., Y.X., J.H., J.S.B.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
| | - Angela H Lee
- Department of Medicine (T.J.B., A.H.L., Y.X., J.H., J.S.B.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
| | - Yuhe Xia
- Department of Medicine (T.J.B., A.H.L., Y.X., J.H., J.S.B.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
| | - Lawrence H Lin
- Department of Pathology (L.H.L., M.B., P.C.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
| | - Margaret Black
- Department of Pathology (L.H.L., M.B., P.C.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
| | - Paolo Cotzia
- Department of Pathology (L.H.L., M.B., P.C.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY.,Center for Biospecimen Research Development (P.C.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
| | - Judith Hochman
- Department of Medicine (T.J.B., A.H.L., Y.X., J.H., J.S.B.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
| | - Jeffrey S Berger
- Department of Medicine (T.J.B., A.H.L., Y.X., J.H., J.S.B.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY.,Department of Surgery (J.S.B.), New York University Grossman School of Medicine, NY
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Barale C, Cavalot F, Frascaroli C, Bonomo K, Morotti A, Guerrasio A, Russo I. Association between High On-Aspirin Platelet Reactivity and Reduced Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Patients Affected by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Primary Hypercholesterolemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144983. [PMID: 32679712 PMCID: PMC7404318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet hyperactivation is involved in the established prothrombotic condition of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and familial hypercholesterolemia (HC), justifying the therapy with aspirin, a suppressor of thromboxane synthesis through the irreversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, some patients on aspirin show a higher than expected platelet reactivity due, at least in part, to a pro-oxidant milieu. The aim of this study was to investigate platelet reactivity in T2DM (n = 103) or HC (n = 61) patients (aspirin, 100 mg/day) and its correlation with biomarkers of redox function including the superoxide anion scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the in vivo marker of oxidative stress urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α. As results, in T2DM and HC subjects the prevalence of high on-aspirin platelet reactivity was comparable when both non-COX-1-dependent and COX-1-dependent assays were performed, and platelet reactivity is associated with a lower SOD activity that in a stepwise linear regression appears as the only predictor of platelet reactivity. To conclude, in T2DM and HC, similarly, the impairment of redox equilibrium associated with a decrease of SOD activity could contribute to a suboptimal response to aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Barale
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Franco Cavalot
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (C.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Chiara Frascaroli
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (C.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Katia Bonomo
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (C.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Angelo Guerrasio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Isabella Russo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-9026622; Fax: +39-011-9038639
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Abstract
Background Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid [ASA]) is less efficient in some coronary patients, which increases their risk of developing thrombosis. Elevated blood levels of thromboinflammatory mediators, like soluble CD40L (sCD40L), may explain such variabilities. We hypothesized that in the presence of elevated levels of sCD40L, the efficacy of ASA may vary and aimed to determine the effects of ASA on CD40L signaling and aggregation of platelets. Methods and Results The effects of ASA on CD40L‐treated human platelets, in response to suboptimal concentrations of collagen or thrombin, were assessed at levels of aggregation, thromboxane A2 secretion, and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, nuclear factor kappa B, transforming growth factor‐β–activated kinase 1, and myosin light chain. sCD40L significantly elevated thromboxane A2 secretion in platelets in response to suboptimal doses of collagen and thrombin, which was reversed by ASA. ASA did not inhibit the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase, nuclear factor kappa B, and transforming growth factor‐β–activated kinase 1, with sCD40L stimulation alone or with platelet agonists. sCD40L potentiated platelet aggregation, an effect completely reversed and partially reduced by ASA in response to a suboptimal dose of collagen and thrombin, respectively. The effects of ASA in sCD40L‐treated platelets with collagen were related to inhibition of platelet shape change and myosin light chain phosphorylation. Conclusions ASA does not affect platelet sCD40L signaling but prevents its effect on thromboxane A2 secretion and platelet aggregation in response to collagen, via a mechanism implying inhibition of myosin light chain. Targeting the sCD40L axis in platelets may have a therapeutic potential in patients with elevated levels of sCD40L and who are nonresponsive or less responsive to ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Kojok
- The Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Centre Montreal Heart Institute Montreal Quebec Canada.,Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Mira Mohsen
- The Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Centre Montreal Heart Institute Montreal Quebec Canada.,Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Abed El Hakim El Kadiry
- The Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Centre Montreal Heart Institute Montreal Quebec Canada.,Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Walid Mourad
- Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada.,Research Centre Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Montréal Quebec Canada
| | - Yahye Merhi
- The Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Centre Montreal Heart Institute Montreal Quebec Canada.,Faculty of Medicine Université de Montréal Montreal Quebec Canada
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Santilli F, Zaccardi F, Liani R, Petrucci G, Simeone P, Pitocco D, Tripaldi R, Rizzi A, Formoso G, Pontecorvi A, Angelucci E, Pagliaccia F, Golato M, De Leva F, Vitacolonna E, Rocca B, Consoli A, Patrono C. In vivo thromboxane-dependent platelet activation is persistently enhanced in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3232. [PMID: 31671234 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Enhanced thromboxane (TX)-dependent platelet activation plays a pivotal role in atherothrombosis and characterizes type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Whether this also pertains to IGT is currently unknown. We investigated whether TXA2 -dependent platelet activation, as reflected by 11-dehydro-TXB2 (TXM) urinary excretion, is comparably abnormal in IGT as in DM, is persistent over long-term follow-up, changes as a function of metabolic disease progression, and is influenced by food intake. METHODS We prospectively investigated subjects with IGT (n = 48) and two control groups with DM diagnosed either less than 12 months (n = 60) or 12 months or more (n = 58). RESULTS Baseline TXM excretion was comparable between subjects with IGT and DM, with no evidence of a circadian variation. During a 36-month follow-up, urinary TXM excretion was stable over time in the DM groups, while tended to increase in subjects with IGT. Increasing urinary TXM excretion over time was observed in the subjects who progressed to diabetes vs nonprogressors. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that TXA2 -dependent platelet activation was at least as high in IGT as in patients with DM and further increased over time, especially in those who progressed to overt diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Zaccardi
- Diabetes Care Unit, Catholic University School of Medicine and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
- Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Rossella Liani
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanna Petrucci
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Diabetes Care Unit, Catholic University School of Medicine and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Tripaldi
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzi
- Diabetes Care Unit, Catholic University School of Medicine and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Formoso
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- Institute of Endocrinology, Catholic University School of Medicine and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ermanno Angelucci
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Chieti University Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Maria Golato
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chieti University Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca De Leva
- Diabetes Care Unit, Catholic University School of Medicine and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy
| | - Bianca Rocca
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Agostino Consoli
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio" School of Medicine, Chieti, Italy
| | - Carlo Patrono
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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Pastori D, Carnevale R, Nocella C, Bartimoccia S, Novo M, Cammisotto V, Piconese S, Santulli M, Vasaturo F, Violi F, Pignatelli P. Digoxin and Platelet Activation in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: In Vivo and In Vitro Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 7:e009509. [PMID: 30571484 PMCID: PMC6404445 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.009509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Digoxin use was shown to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation ( AF ). We hypothesized that digoxin may affect cardiovascular risk by increasing platelet activation. Methods and Results Post hoc analysis of a prospective study of anticoagulated patients with AF . Patients were divided into 2 groups balanced for age, sex, and cardiovascular risk factors: digoxin users (n=132) and nonusers (n=388). Urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (TxB2), a marker of platelet activation, and serum digoxin concentration ( SDC ) were measured. In vitro experiments were performed on platelets from healthy subjects and AF patients, which were incubated with scalar doses of digoxin (0.6-2.4 ng/mL) with or without prestimulation with a sub-threshold of collagen. Median 11-dehydro-TxB2 was 105.0 ( interquartile range, 60.0-190.0) ng/mg creatinine, and median SDC was 0.65 ( interquartile range, 0.40-1.00) ng/mL. Urinary 11-dehydro-TxB2 and SDC were correlated ( rs=0.350, P<0.001). Patients in the upper tertile of SDC showed higher 11-dehydro-TxB2 compared with non-digoxin users ( P=0.019). In vitro study showed an increased basal platelet activation in patients with AF compared with healthy subjects . Digoxin (2.4 ng/mL) induced calcium mobilization, PAC -1 (procaspase-activating compound 1) and platelet aggregation in AF patients but not in healthy subjects . After pretreatment with a sub-threshold of collagen, digoxin dose-dependent induced calcium mobilization, arachidonic acid release, TxB2 biosynthesis, PAC -1 and soluble platelet selectin expression, and platelet aggregation, which were inhibited by antibody against digoxin. Conclusions We found a significant in vivo correlation between SDC and platelet activation. Supratherapeutic SDC increased in vitro platelet aggregation via calcium-related phospholipase A2 phosphorylation. Our findings may have clinical implications for AF patients treated with digoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pastori
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- 2 Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of Rome Latina Italy
| | | | - Simona Bartimoccia
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Marta Novo
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Silvia Piconese
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Maria Santulli
- 4 Department of Experimental Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Fortunata Vasaturo
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Francesco Violi
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- 1 I Clinica Medica Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties Sapienza University of Rome Italy
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Qian F, Misra S, Prabhu KS. Selenium and selenoproteins in prostanoid metabolism and immunity. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 54:484-516. [PMID: 31996052 PMCID: PMC7122104 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1717430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that functions in the form of the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec) in a defined set of proteins. Se deficiency is associated with pathological conditions in humans and animals, where incorporation of Sec into selenoproteins is reduced along with their expression and catalytic activity. Supplementation of Se-deficient population with Se has shown health benefits suggesting the importance of Se in physiology. An interesting paradigm to explain, in part, the health benefits of Se stems from the observations that selenoprotein-dependent modulation of inflammation and efficient resolution of inflammation relies on mechanisms involving a group of bioactive lipid mediators, prostanoids, which orchestrate a concerted action toward maintenance and restoration of homeostatic immune responses. Such an effect involves the interaction of various immune cells with these lipid mediators where cellular redox gatekeeper functions of selenoproteins further aid in not only dampening inflammation, but also initiating an effective and active resolution process. Here we have summarized the current literature on the multifaceted roles of Se/selenoproteins in the regulation of these bioactive lipid mediators and their immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Qian
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and The Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. 16802, USA
| | - Sougat Misra
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and The Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. 16802, USA
| | - K. Sandeep Prabhu
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences and The Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. 16802, USA
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Taus F, Meneguzzi A, Castelli M, Minuz P. Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Target of Antiplatelet Agents. What Is the Evidence? Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1256. [PMID: 31780927 PMCID: PMC6857039 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived large extracellular vesicles (often referred to as microparticles in the field of cardiovascular disease) have been identified as effector in the atherothrombotic process, therefore representing a target of pharmacological intervention of potential interest. Despite that, limited evidence is so far available concerning the effects of antiplatelet agents on the release of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles. In the present narrative review, the mechanisms leading to vesiculation in platelets and the pathophysiological processes implicated will be discussed. This will be followed by a summary of the present evidence concerning the effects of antiplatelet agents under experimental conditions and in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Taus
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine C, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Meneguzzi
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine C, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Castelli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine C, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine C, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Abstract
Thromboxane (TX) A2 is a chemically unstable lipid mediator involved in several pathophysiologic processes, including primary hemostasis, atherothrombosis, inflammation, and cancer. In human platelets, TXA2 is the major arachidonic acid derivative via the cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 pathway. Assessment of platelet TXA2 biosynthesis can be performed ex vivo through measurement of serum TXB2, an index of platelet COX-1 activity, as well as in vivo through measurement of urinary enzymatic metabolites, a non-invasive index of platelet activation. This article reviews the main findings of four decades of clinical investigation based on these analytical approaches, focusing on the measurement of TXA2 metabolites to characterize the pathophysiologic role of transiently or persistently enhanced platelet activation and to describe the clinical pharmacology of COX-1 inhibition in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Patrono
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Rocca
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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49
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Dézsi L, Mészáros T, Őrfi E, Fülöp TG, Hennies M, Rosivall L, Hamar P, Szebeni J, Szénási G. Complement Activation-Related Pathophysiological Changes in Anesthetized Rats: Activator-Dependent Variations of Symptoms and Mediators of Pseudoallergy. Molecules 2019; 24:E3283. [PMID: 31505853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Complement (C) activation can underlie the infusion reactions to liposomes and other nanoparticle-based medicines, a hypersensitivity syndrome that can be partially reproduced in animal models. However, the sensitivities and manifestations substantially differ in different species, and C activation may not be the only cause of pathophysiological changes. In order to map the species variation of C-dependent and -independent pseudoallergy (CARPA/CIPA), here we used known C activators and C activator liposomes to compare their acute hemodynamic, hematological, and biochemical effects in rats. These C activators were cobra venom factor (CVF), zymosan, AmBisome (at 2 doses), its amphotericin B-free vehicle (AmBisombo), and a PEGylated cholesterol-containing liposome (PEG-2000-chol), all having different powers to activate C in rat blood. The pathophysiological endpoints measured were blood pressure, leukocyte and platelet counts, and plasma thromboxane B2, while C activation was assessed by C3 consumption using the Pan-Specific C3 assay. The results showed strong linear correlation between C activation and systemic hypotension, pointing to a causal role of C activation in the hemodynamic changes. The observed thrombocytopenia and leukopenia followed by leukocytosis also correlated with C3 conversion in case of C activators, but not necessarily with C activation by liposomes. These findings are consistent with the double hit hypothesis of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), inasmuch as strong C activation can fully account for all symptoms of HSRs, but in case of no-, or weak C activators, the pathophysiological response, if any, is likely to involve other activation pathways.
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50
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Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) are lipid mediators belonging to the eicosanoid family. PGs were first discovered in mammals where they are key players in a great variety of physiological and pathological processes, for instance muscle and blood vessel tone regulation, inflammation, signaling, hemostasis, reproduction, and sleep-wake regulation. These molecules have successively been discovered in lower organisms, including marine invertebrates in which they play similar roles to those in mammals, being involved in the control of oogenesis and spermatogenesis, ion transport, and defense. Prostaglandins have also been found in some marine macroalgae of the genera Gracilaria and Laminaria and very recently the PGs pathway has been identified for the first time in some species of marine microalgae. In this review we report on the occurrence of prostaglandins in the marine environment and discuss the anti-inflammatory role of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Di Costanzo
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Dato
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Adrianna Ianora
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
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