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Synthesis, Characterization of Magnetic Composites and Testing of Their Activity in Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Phenol with Oxygen. CHEMENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering6050068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development and improvement of methods for the synthesis of environmentally friendly catalysts based on base metals is currently an urgent and promising task of modern catalysis. Catalysts based on nanoscale magnetite and maghemite have fast adsorption–desorption kinetics and high chemical activity. The purpose of this work is to obtain magnetic composites, determine their physicochemical characteristics and verify their activity in the process of liquid-phase oxidation of phenol with oxygen. Magnetic nanocomposites were obtained by chemical co-deposition of salts of ferrous and trivalent iron. The synthesized magnetic composites were studied by X-ray diffractometry, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence and Mössbauer spectroscopy, IR-Fourier spectroscopy and elemental analysis. To increase the catalytic activity in oxidative processes, the magnetite surfaces were modified using cobalt nitrate salt. Further, CoFe2O4 was stabilized by adding polyethylenimine (PEI) as a surfactant. Preliminary studies of the oxidation of phenol with oxygen, as the most typical environmental pollutant were carried out on the obtained Fe3O4, CoFe2O4, CoFe2O4/PEI catalysts. The spectrum of the reaction product shows the presence of CH in the aromatic ring and double C=C bonds, stretching vibrations of the C=O groups of carbonyl compounds; the band at 3059 cm−1 corresponds to the presence of double C=C bonds and the band at 3424 cm−1 to hydroquinone compounds. The band at 1678 cm−1 and the intense band at 1646 cm−1 refer to vibrations of the C=O bonds of the carbonyl group of benzoquinone. Peaks at 1366 cm−1 and 1310 cm−1 can be related to the vibrations of C–H and C–C bonds of the quinone ring. Thus, it was demonstrated that produced magnetic composites based on iron oxide are quite effective in the oxidation of phenol with oxygen.
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Green synthesis of ZnO@ZnS core–shell nanoparticles for detection of lead and iron ions in aqueous solutions by colorimetric paper sensors. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Wet air oxidation (WAO) is an attractive technique for sewage sludge treatment. The
WAO process and the factors influencing the process are examined in detail, together with the advantages
and disadvantages. Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) is emphasized because it can lower
operational conditions, and the commonly-used and new homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts
are introduced. Homogeneous catalysts tend to be more appropriate for the CWAO treatment
of sewage sludge, and Cu-based homogeneous catalysts such as CuSO4 are the most popular for industrial
applications. Heterogeneous catalysts include non-noble metal catalysts, noble metal catalysts,
metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) catalysts, and non-metal catalysts. Non-noble metal catalysts
typically contain hetero-elements as in Mo-based, Ce-based, Cu-based, Fe-based catalysts,
multi-metal supported catalysts, and polyoxometalates catalysts. In general, Mo-based catalysts
and Ce-based catalysts have higher activities than other metal-based catalysts. The commonly-used
noble metal elements are based on Ru, Pt, Pd, Rh, and Ir. The MOF catalysts tend to have high catalytic
activity, and the non-metallic carbon catalysts may be used in environments that would otherwise
be toxic to traditional metal catalysts. To conclude, a summary of the challenges and
prospects of WAO technology in sewage sludge treatment is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-bin Li
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Duo Wang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zi-sheng Jiang
- Power China ECO-Environmental Group Co., LTD., Shenzhen 518102, China
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García M, Collado S, Oulego P, Díaz M. The wet oxidation of aqueous humic acids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 396:122402. [PMID: 32298859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Humic acids are highly distributed in aqueous environments. This article examines in depth the advanced oxidation of humic acid aqueous solutions, in order to understand more complex oxidation processes such as those of the sewage sludge or landfill leachate, or the matrix effects triggered by the humic acids of natural organic matter (NOM) in the oxidation of other aqueous compounds as herbicides. Humic acids were efficiently oxidized; higher temperatures (180-220 °C) involved higher mineralization, the formation of intermediates with lower colour and also led to a higher concentration of organic acids at the end of the treatment, particularly acetic and oxalic ones. Nevertheless, humic acid wet oxidation was not sensitive to changes in the pressure, at least in the range tested (65-95 bar), but the initial pH (4-13) was found to be a key factor. Thus, alkaline media accelerated the humic acid removal, but more refractory intermediates were generated, and the organic acids, excepting malic acid, were more stable than in neutral or acidic media. Eventually, a lumped kinetic model was proposed and successfully fitted to the experimental data, including the effect of all the operating variables studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel García
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería s/n., E-33071, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sergio Collado
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería s/n., E-33071, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Paula Oulego
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería s/n., E-33071, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mario Díaz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería s/n., E-33071, Oviedo, Spain.
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Catalytic Efficiency of Cu-Supported Pyrophyllite in Heterogeneous Catalytic Oxidation of Phenol. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03757-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kumari M, Saroha AK. Performance of various catalysts on treatment of refractory pollutants in industrial wastewater by catalytic wet air oxidation: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 228:169-188. [PMID: 30218904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous increase of industrialization and urbanization worldwide causes the depletion of natural resources such as water and air which urges the necessity to follow the environmental sustainability across the globe. This requires eco-friendly and economical technologies for depollution of wastewater and gases or zero emission approach. Therefore, in this context the treatment and reuse of wastewater is an environmental friendly approach due to shortage of fresh water. Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) is a promising technology for the treatment of toxic and non-biodegradable organic pollutants in the wastewater generated from various industries. Various heterogeneous catalysts have been extensively used for treatment of various model pollutants such as phenols, carboxylic acids, nitrogenous compounds and different types of industrial effluents. The present review focuses on the literature published on the performances of various noble and non-noble metal catalysts for the treatment of various pollutants by CWAO. Reports on biodegradability enhancement of industrial wastewater containing toxic contaminants by CWAO are reviewed. Detailed discussion is made on catalyst deactivation and their mitigation study and also on the various factors which affects the CWAO reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Kumari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Anil K Saroha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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7
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Estimating surface area of copper powder: A comparison between electrochemical, microscopy and laser diffraction methods. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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El Gaidoumi A, Doña-Rodríguez JM, Pulido Melián E, González-Díaz OM, El Bali B, Navío JA, Kherbeche A. Mesoporous pyrophyllite–titania nanocomposites: synthesis and activity in phenol photocatalytic degradation. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-018-3605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Anthonysamy SBI, Afandi SB, Khavarian M, Mohamed ARB. A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 9:740-761. [PMID: 29600136 PMCID: PMC5852466 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Various types of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for nitric oxide (NO) removal through selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with ammonia are examined in this review. A number of carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), activated carbon (AC), and graphene (GR) and non-carbon-based materials, such as Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5), TiO2, and Al2O3 supported materials, were identified as the most up-to-date and recently used catalysts for the removal of NO gas. The main focus of this review is the study of catalyst preparation methods, as this is highly correlated to the behaviour of NO removal. The general mechanisms involved in the system, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood or Eley-Riedeal mechanism, are also discussed. Characterisation analysis affecting the surface and chemical structure of the catalyst is also detailed in this work. Finally, a few major conclusions are drawn and future directions for work on the advancement of the SCR-NH3 catalyst are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syahidah Binti Afandi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Mehrnoush Khavarian
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Zhang B, You H, Wang F. Microwave-enhanced catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of quinoline: the influence of pH and H2O2dosage and identification of reactive oxygen species. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01350g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article presents a study about the initial pH and H2O2dosage influence on TOC abatement by MW-CWPO with Cu/Ni-catalyst and reactive oxygen identification based on quinoline mineralization inhibition using the specific radical scavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- PR China
| | - Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- PR China
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Zhang B, You H, Yang Z, Wang F. A highly active bimetallic oxide catalyst supported on γ-Al2O3/TiO2 for catalytic wet peroxide oxidation of quinoline solutions under microwave irradiation. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08576h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new heterogeneous wet oxidation catalyst, Cu–Ni bimetallic oxides supported on γ-Al2O3/TiO2, was synthesized using a wet impregnation method
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- PR China
| | - Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- PR China
| | - Zhongzhe Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- PR China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Harbin
- PR China
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Recent advances on wet air oxidation catalysts for treatment of industrial wastewaters. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Effect of copper loadings on product selectivities in microwave-enhanced degradation of phenol on alumina-supported copper oxides. J IND ENG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Triki M, Dafinov A, Llorca J, Medina F. Stability of ruthenium catalysts supported by aerogel mixed oxides during the wet air oxidation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid in a continuous reactor. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-012-0494-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Xu A, Sun C. Catalytic behaviour and copper leaching of Cu0.10Zn0.90Al1.90Fe0.10O4 spinel for catalytic wet air oxidation of phenol. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012; 33:1339-1344. [PMID: 22856307 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2011.626800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A Cu0.10Zn0.90Al1.90Fe0.10O4 spinel catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method was tested for catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of phenol. The catalyst showed high activity for phenol degradation. During successive test at 170 degrees C, 100% phenol conversion and 95% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal were observed. Results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that the catalyst structure remained unchanged during reaction. From the analysis of temperature programmed reduction (TPR), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectra (DR UV-Vis) and activity assay at basic solution pH, it can be suggested that the highly dispersed copper ions on the catalyst surface were almost completely dissolved into the reaction solution, whereas the tetra-coordinated copper ions were not only stable against leaching but also active towards phenol degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Xu
- Engineering Research Centre for Clean Production of Dyeing and Printing, Ministry of Education, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, PR China.
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Matveeva VG, Valetsky PM, Sulman MG, Bronstein LM, Sidorov AI, Doluda VY, Gavrilenko AV, Nikoshvili LZ, Bykov AV, Grigorjev MV, Sulman EM. Nanosized Pt-, Ru-, and Pd-containing catalysts for organic synthesis and solution of environmental issues. CATALYSIS IN INDUSTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s2070050411030068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kim KH, Ihm SK. Heterogeneous catalytic wet air oxidation of refractory organic pollutants in industrial wastewaters: a review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 186:16-34. [PMID: 21122984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Revised: 10/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) is one of the most economical and environmental-friendly advanced oxidation process. It makes a promising technology for the treatment of refractory organic pollutants in industrial wastewaters. Various heterogeneous catalysts including noble metals and metal oxides have been extensively studied to enhance the efficiency of CWAO. The present review is concerned about the literatures published in this regard. Phenolics, carboxylic acids, and nitrogen-containing compounds were taken as model pollutants in most cases, and noble metals such as Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt as well as oxides of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Ce were applied as heterogeneous catalysts. Reports on their characterization and catalytic performances for the CWAO of aqueous pollutants are reviewed. Discussions are also made on the reaction mechanisms and kinetics proposed for heterogeneous CWAO and also on the typical catalyst deactivations in heterogeneous CWAO, i.e. carbonaceous deposits and metal leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Hun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 program), KAIST, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Luna AJ, Rojas LOA, Melo DMA, Benachour M, Sousa JFD. Total catalytic wet oxidation of phenol and its chlorinated derivates with MnO2/CeO2 catalyst in a slurry. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-66322009000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Luna
- Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial, Brazil
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Han L, Zhu J, Kang J, Liang Y, Sun Y. Catalytic wet air oxidation of high-strength organic coking wastewater. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Zeolite based ceramics as catalysts for wet hydrogen peroxide catalytic oxidation of phenol and poly-phenols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(08)80095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Kim KH, Ihm SK. Characteristics of titania supported copper oxide catalysts for wet air oxidation of phenol. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2007; 146:610-6. [PMID: 17513049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Various techniques have been used to characterize the CuO(x)/TiO(2) catalysts with different copper loading. Surface area, pore volume and pore size distribution of the prepared catalysts were estimated from nitrogen adsorption isotherm. Temperature programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron spin resonance (ESR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) experiments were performed to investigate the chemical state of the copper species. The chemical state of copper in the CuO(x)/TiO(2) catalysts varied with copper loading (1-25wt.%): highly dispersed Cu(2+) cluster for 1 and 5wt.%, and bulk CuO for 7-25wt.%. The activity and mineralization selectivity of the CuO(x)/TiO(2) catalysts increased with copper loading up to 20wt.%, and remained almost constant for higher copper loading. The optimum copper loading was 20wt.% for the wet air oxidation of phenol over the CuO(x)/TiO(2) catalysts in this work. The stability of the CuO(x)/TiO(2) catalysts with different copper loading was also studied with respect to carbonaceous deposits and copper leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Hun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Kim SK, Kim KH, Ihm SK. The characteristics of wet air oxidation of phenol over CuOx/Al2O3 catalysts: effect of copper loading. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 68:287-92. [PMID: 17292442 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The nature of active copper species is well-known to vary with copper loading, i.e., isolated Cu(2+) to bulk CuO. In this work, however, the effect of copper loading on the activity and the selectivity was investigated for the wet oxidation of phenol over CuO(x)/Al(2)O(3) catalysts. The activity and the mineralization selectivity of the catalysts increased with copper loading up to 7wt% and remained almost the same at a higher loading. The optimum copper loading was about 7wt% for the wet oxidation of phenol over CuO(x)/Al(2)O(3) catalysts in this work. The nature of copper species with different loading was characterized with TPR, XRD, and XANES. The chemical states of copper in the CuO(x)/Al(2)O(3) catalysts were confirmed as varying with copper loading: isolated Cu(2+) ions for 1wt%; highly dispersed Cu(2+) cluster for 5wt% and 7wt%, and bulk CuO for 10-25wt%. The stability of the CuO(x)/Al(2)O(3) catalysts with different copper loading was also studied with respect to carbonaceous deposits and copper leaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Kyung Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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Santos A, Yustos P, Gomis S, Ruiz G, Garcia-Ochoa F. Reaction network and kinetic modeling of wet oxidation of phenol catalyzed by activated carbon. Chem Eng Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2005.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Santos A, Yustos P, Quintanilla A, Garcia-Ochoa F. Kinetic model of wet oxidation of phenol at basic pH using a copper catalyst. Chem Eng Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2005.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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