1
|
Kuo YH, Shiau AL, Tung CL, Su YC, Li CF, Su BH, Tsao CJ, Wu CL, Feng YH, Wu P. Expression of prothymosin α in lung cancer is associated with squamous cell carcinoma and smoking. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5740-5746. [PMID: 31105795 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prothymosin α (ProTα) is a nuclear protein that serves a role in oncogenesis, by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis in various malignancies. The present study was designed to investigate ProTα expression in resected human non-small cell lung cancer to define the clinicopathological associations of ProTα-positive lung cancer. Immunohistochemical staining of ProTα was performed using tumor sample slides from 149 patients with non-small cell lung cancer, who underwent surgical resection. Association between the expression of ProTα and the following clinicopathological parameters was accessed: Age, sex, stage, lymph node involvement, pathological subtype, recurrence and cigarette smoking. A total of 85 tumors (57%) were classified as ProTα-positive lung cancer by staining intensity and 73 tumors (49%) were regarded as ProTα-positive by scoring index. The majority of patients with ProTα-positive tumors were younger (P=0.05) and had squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.01) compared with older and adenocarcinoma. Positive expression of ProTα by staining intensity was associated with a higher incidence rate of cancer recurrence (P=0.05) compared with negative ProTα expression. ProTα was also associated with cigarette smoking, particularly in the group with squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, the present data suggested that ProTα-positive non-small cell lung cancer was associated with younger patients, squamous cell carcinoma, cigarette smoking and a higher incidence recurrence rate, subsequently indicating a subtype consisting of patients with smoking-associated inferior outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan, R.O.C.,College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan 71710, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ai-Li Shiau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Ling Tung
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chu Su
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan 71004, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Bing-Hua Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Jung Tsao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 73657, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Liang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yin-Hsun Feng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pensee Wu
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen YH, Chang CF, Lai YY, Sun CY, Ding YJ, Tsai JN. von Hippel-Lindau gene plays a role during zebrafish pronephros development. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2015. [PMID: 26194803 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
von Hippel-Lindau (pVHL)-mediated ubiquitination of HIF-1α plays a central role in the cellular responses to changes in oxygen availability. In the present study, using zebrafish as a model, we showed that specific knockdown of endogenous vhl leads to pronephros malformation and renal failure. Knockdown of vhl resulted in abnormal kidney development, including curved and cystic pronephric tubule or/and cystic and atrophic glomerulus. Co-injecting capped vhl messenger RNA (mRNA) partially rescued pronephros morphant phenotype, confirming the specificity of the morpholino oligonucleotide (MO)-induced pronephric defects. In keeping with the pronephros phenotype, renal function was affected as well in vhl morphants. Dextran clearance abilities of vhl morphants were significantly reduced as compared with those of control embryos. Further analysis indicated that glomerular integrity is impaired in vhl morphants, while the organization of pronephric duct was minimally affected. Vhl morphants display global increased vegf signaling and angiogenesis. In addition, we found that vhl morphants displayed elevated expression of vegfa in podocytes and increased angiogenesis at pronephric glomerulus and the nearby vessels. Treatment of vegf inducer to embryos also caused pronephros phenotype resembling vhl morphants, further supporting that increased vegfa signaling contribute to the pronephros morphant phenotype. Our study establishes the zebrafish as an alternative vertebrate model system for studying Vhl function during kidney development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-Chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei, Taiwan. .,Bachelor's Program in Advanced Material Sciences, Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Fang Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yu Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-Chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-Chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ning Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding YJ, Wang BC, Wen CC, Sun CY, Lee HH, Lee FP, Yang LL, Chen YH. Evaluation of the teratogenic effects of three traditional Chinese medicines, Si Jun Zi Tang, Liu Jun Zi Tang and Shenling Baizhu San, during zebrafish pronephros development. J Toxicol Pathol 2015; 28:141-9. [PMID: 26441476 PMCID: PMC4588208 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2013-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the teratogenic effects of three common Chinese
medical prescriptions, Si Jun Zi Tang (SJZT), Liu Jun Zi Tang (LJZT) and Shenling Baizhu
San (SLBS), during zebrafish pronephros development. We used the transgenic zebrafish line
Tg(wt1b:EGFP) to assess the teratogenic effects using
12 different protocols, which comprised combinations of 4 doses (0, 25, 250, 1,250 ng/mL)
and 3 exposure methods [methods I, 12–36 hours post fertilization (hpf), II, 24–48 hpf,
and III, 24–36 hpf]. As a result, few defects in the kidneys were observed in the embryos
exposed to 25 ng/mL of each medical prescription. The percentage of kidney malformation
phenotypes increased as the exposure concentrations increased (25 ng/mL, 0–10%; 250 ng/mL,
0–60%; 1,250 ng/mL, 80–100%). Immunohistochemistry for α6F, which is a basolateral and
renal tubular differentiation marker, revealed no obvious defective phenotypes in either
SJZT- or LJZT-treated embryos, indicating that these Chinese medical prescriptions had
minimal adverse effects on the pronephric duct. However, SLBS-treated embryos displayed a
defective phenotype in the pronephric duct. According to these findings, we suggest (1)
that the Chinese medical prescriptions induced kidney malformation phenotypes that are
dose dependent and (2) that the embryonic zebrafish kidney was more sensitive to SLBS than
SJZT and LJZT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ju Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan 251
| | - Bo-Cheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan 251
| | - Chi-Chung Wen
- Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan 251
| | - Chiao-Yin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 222, McGinn Road, Keelung, Taiwan 204
| | - Hsun-Hua Lee
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, No. 291, Zhongzheng Road, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, Taiwan 235
| | - Fei-Peng Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wan Fang Hospital, No. 111, Xinlung Road, Sec. 3, Taipei, Taiwan 116 ; Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei, Taiwan 110
| | - Ling-Ling Yang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, and Center of e-CAM, Taipei Medical University,No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei, Taiwan 110 ; Department of Health and Creative Vegetarian Science, Fo Guang University, No. 160, Linwei Road, Jiaosi, Yilan County, Taiwan 262
| | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei City, Taiwan 251
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen YH, Lee YT, Wen CC, Chen YC, Chen YJ. Modeling pegylated liposomal doxorubicin-induced hand-foot syndrome and intestinal mucositis in zebrafish. Onco Targets Ther 2014; 7:1169-75. [PMID: 25061318 PMCID: PMC4085292 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s63785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) has been widely used to treat cancer. The adverse effects of PLD noted in clinical practice, especially hand-foot syndrome (HFS), are regarded as unique, and the management methods for them remain limited. This study was aimed at developing a feasible experimental model for translational medicine to solve this clinical issue by using skin fluorescent transgenic zebrafish. We established an optimal protocol for the administration of Lipo-Dox™, a PLD in current clinical use, to the Tg(k18:dsred) zebrafish line expressing red fluorescence in keratinocytes. We made use of bodyweight, survival rate, gross observation, flssuorescent microscopic assessment, and pathological examination of the zebrafish to assess this model. The consecutive administration protocol of PLD resulted in growth retardation of the zebrafish embryo and survival impairment, indicating establishment of a significant toxicity. We observed fin necrosis and keratinocyte dissociation phenotypes in the PLD-treated fish after consecutive administration. The skin toxicity induced by the Lipo-Dox injection was subsequently reversible, which might be compatible with a clinical course of skin recovery after discontinuation of Lipo-Dox administration. Furthermore, we found that the number of intestinal goblet cells, an important marker of intestinal inflammation, in the Lipo-Dox-injected zebrafish was markedly increased, accompanied by impaired mucosal integrity. The intestinal inflammation induced by Lipo-Dox resembled the intestinal mucositis the clinical patients suffered from after the administration of PLD. In conclusion, we established a zebrafish model for PLD-induced HFS. The intestinal mucositis simultaneously noted in the PLD-treated zebrafish validated the similarity of clinical courses after administration of PLD. This model is easily assessable, efficient, and worthy for use in developing a new therapeutic protocol for prevention or treatment of HFS as well as intestinal mucositis. Further clinical investigations to validate the correlation between human and zebrafish data are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Wen
- Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chen Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan ; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng CC, Chou CY, Chang YC, Wang HW, Wen CC, Chen YH. Protective Role of Comfrey Leave Extracts on UV-induced Zebrafish Fin Damage. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 27:115-21. [PMID: 25352712 PMCID: PMC4110935 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2013-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In zebrafish, UV exposure leads to fin malformation phenotypes including fin reduction
or absence. The present study evaluated UV-protective activities of comfrey leaves
extracts in a zebrafish model by recording fin morphological changes. Chemopreventive
effects of comfrey leave extracts were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox
proportional hazards regression. The results showed that (1) the mean times of return to
normal fin in the UV+comfrey (50 and 100 ppm) groups were 3.43 and 2.86 days and were
quicker compared with that in the UV only group (4.21 days); (2) zebrafish fins in the
UV+comfrey (50 and 100 ppm) groups were 2.05 and 3.25 times more likely to return to
normal than those in the UV only group; and (3) comfrey leave extracts had UV-absorbance
abilities and significantly reduced ROS production in UV-exposed zebrafish embryos, which
may attenuate UV-mediated apoptosis. In conclusion, comfrey leaves extracts may have the
potential to be developed as UV-protective agents to protect zebrafish embryos from
UV-induced damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Cheng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chia-Yi University, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yuan Chou
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151 Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Wen Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chia-Yi University, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chung Wen
- Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151 Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ding YJ, Chen XG, Chen YH. Molecular structure and developmental expression of two zebrafish Ankylosis Progressive Homolog (ankh) genes, ankha and ankhb. Russ J Dev Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360413060106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
Qiao Q, Liu W, Wu K, Song T, Hu J, Huang X, Wen J, Chen L, Zhang X. Female zebrafish (Danio rerio) are more vulnerable than males to microcystin-LR exposure, without exhibiting estrogenic effects. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2013; 142-143:272-282. [PMID: 24076620 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) released during cyanobacterial blooms exert varied toxicity on fish. Up to now, the reproductive toxicity of MCs on fish has rarely been reported. The present study investigated the reproductive toxicity of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) on male and female zebrafish (Danio rerio) by subchronic immersion in 1, 5, 20 μg/L for 30 d. After MC-LR exposure, the hatchability and the 17 beta-estradiol (E2) concentration in gonads significantly decreased in the 20 μg/L group. In the 5 and 20 μg/L groups, the whole body vitellogenin (VTG) levels significantly increased in females, while considerably decreased in males. The VTG1 transcriptional level significantly reduced in the liver of both female and male treated fish. Marked histological lesions were observed in the livers, ovaries and testes in MC-LR treated fish. Apoptotic rate in the ovaries significantly increased. Significant down-regulation of Bcl-2 transcriptional level was found in the gonads of all MC-LR treated fish, while marked up-regulation of Bax transcription level was determined in the 20 μg/L female treatment group, but a significant down-regulation in males. Although the transcriptional level of caspase-3 dropped in ovaries of the 5 and 20 μg/L treatment groups, the significant increase of caspase-3 activation levels in the ovaries and testes were detected. The present findings indicate that MC-LR exposure exerts diverse reproductive toxicity in zebrafish with females exhibiting more sensitivity than males. The present study also confirmed for the first time that MC-LR does not cause any estrogenic effects in adult zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qiao
- Fisheries College of Huazhong Agricultural University, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Emmanouilidou A, Karetsou Z, Tzima E, Kobayashi T, Papamarcaki T. Knockdown of prothymosin α leads to apoptosis and developmental defects in zebrafish embryos. Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 91:325-32. [PMID: 24032683 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2012-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) is an abundant nuclear protein involved in cellular processes intricately linked to development, such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. Although it is known that ProTα inhibits the formation of apoptosome and blocks caspase-3 activity, its mechanism of function in the apoptotic machinery is still under investigation. We have studied the cellular role of ProTα by knocking down its expression in HeLa cells with small hairpin RNA (shRNA) in the absence of apoptotic stimuli. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the live cell population was significantly decreased with a concomitant increase of the apoptotic populations. To understand the physiological role of ProTα within the context of embryonic development, we knocked down the Ptmab zebrafish ortholog using 2 specific morpholino oligonucleotides. Ptmab morphants exhibited growth retardation, bended trunks, and curly tails. The frequency of occurrence of the phenotypic defects was increased in a morpholino dose-dependent manner. Co-injection of ptmaa mRNA with ptmab morpholino partially rescued the morphological defects. Immunostaining with the anti-phospho-histone H3 (pH3) antibody suggested that the abnormalities of Ptmab morphants could be due to defective cell proliferation that results in growth imbalances. TUNEL fluorescent labelling and Acridine Orange staining of the morphants showed high rates of cell death in the head and tail regions. Concomitantly, the active form of caspase-3 was detected in Ptmab morphants. Our data suggest a conserved anti-apoptotic role of ProTα between zebrafish and humans, and provide the first evidence that ProTα is important for early embryogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Emmanouilidou
- a Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen YH, Tsai IT, Wen CC, Wang YH, Cheng CC, Hu SC, Chen YH. Fin reduction is a novel and unexpected teratogenic effect of amikacin-treated zebrafish embryos. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 22:151-8. [PMID: 22242631 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2011.610385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We used zebrafish as a model to assess amikacin-induced embryotoxicity. We exposed zebrafish embryos to amikacin, using different amikacin doses (0-10 ppm), durations (12-48 h), and onsets (0, 24, 48 hpf). Amikacin-induced embryonic toxicity and reduced survival rate were found dependent on the exposure dose, duration and onset. Based on immunostaining with neuron-specific antibodies, amikacin reduced the number and size of zebrafish neuromasts. In addition, Amikacin caused pelvic, dorsal and anal fin defects in dose-dependent and duration-dependent manners. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunostaining revealed that amikacin-induced fin defects were not due to reduction of proliferating mesenchymal cells. TUNEL assay demonstrated that amikacin-induced fin defects might not associate with apoptosis. Therefore, further investigations are required to elucidate if other cell death pathways are involved in amikacin-induced fin defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsin Chen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tsai IT, Yang ZS, Lin ZY, Wen CC, Cheng CC, Chen YH. Flavone is efficient to protect zebrafish fins from UV-induced damage. Drug Chem Toxicol 2012; 35:341-6. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2011.622771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
Chen CF, Chu CY, Chen TH, Lee SJ, Shen CN, Hsiao CD. Establishment of a transgenic zebrafish line for superficial skin ablation and functional validation of apoptosis modulators in vivo. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20654. [PMID: 21655190 PMCID: PMC3105106 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zebrafish skin is composed of enveloping and basal layers which form a first-line defense system against pathogens. Zebrafish epidermis contains ionocytes and mucous cells that aid secretion of acid/ions or mucous through skin. Previous studies demonstrated that fish skin is extremely sensitive to external stimuli. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that modulate skin cell apoptosis in zebrafish. Methodology/Principal Findings This study aimed to create a platform to conduct conditional skin ablation and determine if it is possible to attenuate apoptotic stimuli by overexpressing potential apoptosis modulating genes in the skin of live animals. A transgenic zebrafish line of Tg(krt4:NTR-hKikGR)cy17 (killer line), which can conditionally trigger apoptosis in superficial skin cells, was first established. When the killer line was incubated with the prodrug metrodinazole, the superficial skin displayed extensive apoptosis as judged by detection of massive TUNEL- and active caspase 3-positive signals. Great reductions in NTR-hKikGR+ fluorescent signals accompanied epidermal cell apoptosis. This indicated that NTR-hKikGR+ signal fluorescence can be utilized to evaluate apoptotic events in vivo. After removal of metrodinazole, the skin integrity progressively recovered and NTR-hKikGR+ fluorescent signals gradually restored. In contrast, either crossing the killer line with testing lines or transiently injecting the killer line with testing vectors that expressed human constitutive active Akt1, mouse constitutive active Stat3, or HPV16 E6 element displayed apoptosis-resistant phenotypes to cytotoxic metrodinazole as judged by the loss of reduction in NTR-hKikGR+ fluorescent signaling. Conclusion/Significance The killer/testing line binary system established in the current study demonstrates a nitroreductase/metrodinazole system that can be utilized to conditionally perform skin ablation in a real-time manner, and provides a valuable tool to visualize and quantify the anti-apoptotic potential of interesting target genes in vivo. The current work identifies a potential use for transgenic zebrafish as a high-throughput platform to validate potential apoptosis modulators in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Fang Chen
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yu Chu
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hao Chen
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Jye Lee
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ning Shen
- Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Genome Research Center, Academia Sinica, NanKang, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (C-NS); (C-DH)
| | - Chung-Der Hsiao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
- Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (C-NS); (C-DH)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen YH, Chang CY, Wang YH, Wen CC, Chen YC, Hu SC, Yu DS, Chen YH. Embryonic exposure to diclofenac disturbs actin organization and leads to myofibril misalignment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 92:139-47. [DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
14
|
Chen YH, Wen CC, Lin CY, Chou CY, Yang ZS, Wang YH. UV-induced fin damage in zebrafish as a system for evaluating the chemopreventive potential of broccoli and cauliflower extracts. Toxicol Mech Methods 2010; 21:63-9. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.529191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|