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Venianaki AP, Barbagianni MS, Fthenakis GC, Galatos AD, Gouletsou PG. Ultrasonography of Testicular Maturation and Correlation with Body Growth and Semen Evaluation in Beagle Dog Model. Vet Sci 2024; 11:270. [PMID: 38922017 PMCID: PMC11209051 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This prospective study investigated the ultrasonographic appearance of the canine testis from birth to adulthood. Eight purpose-bred laboratory Beagle-breed dogs were monitored from 4 to 40 weeks of life. The following parameters were evaluated every two weeks: bodyweight and height, scrotal and testicular volume, ultrasonographically measured testicular volume, echogenicity, heterogeneity, blood-flow score, ratio of the grayscale intensity value of the testis to the capsule, ejaculate volume, motility, viability, and number of spermatozoa. A correlation analysis was carried out between the various measurements obtained. Fertility was achieved in the 36th week of life. The echogenicity of the testicular parenchyma increased with age, and subsequently to the 30th week of life remained constant. The heterogeneity of the testicular parenchyma, as was evaluated by the standard deviation of the values of grayscale intensity of the parenchyma, also increased with age and was >19 at the onset of fertility. The ratio of grayscale intensity of testicular parenchyma had values < 200 at maturity. A colour Doppler evaluation first detected blood flow in the testis in the 22nd week. After the 32nd week, distinct signals were visible. In the 36th week, >80% of the testes imaged had visible vessels. A significant correlation was found between all the evaluation methods. The findings of the study may help clinicians detect the onset of fertility in dogs, especially when semen evaluation is not feasible; however, their applicability in all breeds or individuals might possibly vary due to genetic, physiological, and developmental differences. In summary, the study ultrasonographically explores the testicular maturity in dogs, with the aim to improve clinical assessments and health management in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina P. Venianaki
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikalon 224, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (A.P.V.); (G.C.F.)
| | - Mariana S. Barbagianni
- Clinic of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (M.S.B.); (A.D.G.)
| | - George C. Fthenakis
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikalon 224, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (A.P.V.); (G.C.F.)
| | - Apostolos D. Galatos
- Clinic of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (M.S.B.); (A.D.G.)
| | - Pagona G. Gouletsou
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikalon 224, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (A.P.V.); (G.C.F.)
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Mandal DK, Kumar M, Tyagi S. Evaluation of predictive ability of linear type gonadal traits on reproductive capacity of breeding dairy bulls. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14641. [PMID: 38888049 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Dimensions of linear type traits facilitate selection of livestock for breeding and rearing. To date, use of linear type traits for selection of breeding bulls is highly concentric to scrotal circumference (SC), with probable overlook to other important traits. Present study reported the importance of various gonadal linear type traits on spermatozoa production, age-related changes in gonadal linear type traits of bulls and predictive ability of these traits on bulls' reproductive potentials. Among all gonadal traits, testicular density (TD), scrotal volume (SV), paired testicular weight (PWT) and SC were found most important predictor variables in order, which can discriminate between good/poor breeding bulls, that is, produced frozen semen doses (FSD) or not. Dimensions of gonadal traits increased significantly up to 36 months age and thereafter, development became slow and negligible. In contrast, TD decreased by 30%, 51%, 64%, 68% and 71% at 12, 24, 36, 48 and >49 months age, respectively, from its base value at 6 months. Bulls of lower TD (≤0.88 g/cm3) had significantly higher ejaculate volume (+9%), sperm motility, sperm concentration (+100 million/mL) and sperm output (+26%)/ejaculate as compared to bulls of higher TD (>0.88 g/cm3). Discriminant function was developed using TD, SV, PWT and SC to identify bulls of superior reproductive potentials. It was concluded that among the investigated traits, TD was the strongest to discriminate between FSD and Non-FSD bulls. Therefore, our findings suggested that TD could be more potential trait than SC for dairy bulls' breeding soundness evaluation and assessment of reproductive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar Mandal
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shrikant Tyagi
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Xu C, Yang X, Sui H, Tong X, Zhang D, Zheng X, Jiao J, Wang C, Cao Z, Zhang Y. Effects of different ages on frozen semen quality and in vitro fertilization efficiency in Wannan black pigs. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1395718. [PMID: 38881785 PMCID: PMC11177872 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1395718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
According to previous studies, the quality and fertilization rate of fresh sperm from boars of different ages were significantly different. However, the difference of freeze-thaw sperm quality and fertility in boars of different ages is unclear. In this study, boars of a Chinese native breed were assigned into two groups. Each group consisted of five boars aged aged either 2-3 years (young boars = YB) or 5-6 years (aging boars = AB) A total of 60 ejaculates for each group were collected and cryopreserved. Semen quality and in vitro fertility of post-thaw sperm was evaluated. The results showed that the concentration and motility of fresh sperm collected from AB were similar to YB, but their semen volume was higher than that in YB (p < 0.05). Frozen-thawed sperm of AB had lower viability than YB, and higher abnormal rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of YB (p < 0.05). There was no effect of the age on post-thaw sperm motility and time survival. Functional assessments indicated that increasing age markedly compromises the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane and acrosome, as well as mitochondrial functionality post-thaw, albeit without affecting DNA integrity. Furthermore, increasing age of boars reduces the ability of sperm to bind to the oocyte zona pellucida after thawing, delaying the time of the first embryo cleavage after fertilization. Finally, the early developmental efficiency of in vitro fertilized embryos progressing from 4-cell to blastocyst derived from post-thaw sperm in AB significantly decreased compared to those from YB (p < 0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that increasing age in boars impairs the quality and in vitro fertility of frozen thawed sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzhi Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianshu Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Heming Sui
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Tong
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital of WanBei Coal Group Hospital of WanBei Coal Group, Suzhou, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital of WanBei Coal Group Hospital of WanBei Coal Group, Suzhou, China
| | - Xianrui Zheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Jiao
- Anhui Haoyu Animal Husbandry Co. Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Chonglong Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Zubing Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Pagoto JM, Benfica LF, Borges MS, Ligori VA, Canesin RC, Mercadante MEZ, Monteiro FM. Relationship between age, scrotal circumference, postweaning weight and semen quality in Nellore and Caracu bulls: a cross sectional study. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:397. [PMID: 37934323 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age, scrotal circumference, postweaning weight and semen quality in Nellore and Caracu bulls selected for postweaning weight. Data from the andrological evaluation of 836 bulls born between 2000 and 2019, including 583 Nellore animals (Bos indicus) and 253 Caracu animals (Bos taurus), were used. The bulls were divided into categories of age at the time of assessment: category 1 consisted of animals aged 20 to 23 months (22 ± 0.76 months, 518 ± 94.17 kg), category 2 consisted of animals aged 24 to 35 months (30 ± 4.42 months, 679 ± 137.19 kg), and category 3 consisted of animals ≥ 36 months (60 ± 14.12 months, 907 ± 161.73 kg). The statistical model included the effects of breed, age category, date of semen collection, and breed x age category interaction. Heritability estimates for scrotal circumference at 13 months of age (SC1year) and semen quality traits were obtained for the sample of Nellore animals. Most semen quality traits improved with increasing age in both Nellore and Caracu animals. High heritability was observed for SC1year (0.45), while sperm motility, vigor, turbulence, and major, minor and total sperm defects exhibited low heritability (0.11, 0.019, 0.047, 0.017, 0.017 and 0.019, respectively). Spearman correlations of breeding values for postweaning weight (W378) and SC1year with the semen quality traits were low. Nellore and Caracu bulls have similar semen quality that improves with increasing age. In the Nellore breed, the heritability of SC is high, while semen quality traits exhibit low heritability. Selection for higher postweaning weight does not phenotypically affect the semen quality of bulls at breeding age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaine Martelo Pagoto
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorena Ferreira Benfica
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sant'Ana Borges
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Andrade Ligori
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Carrilho Canesin
- Beef Cattle Research Center, Institute of Animal Science (IZ), Road Carlos Tonani, 94 - Zona Industrial, Sertãozinho, São Paulo, CEP: 14160-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Eugênia Zerlotti Mercadante
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
- Beef Cattle Research Center, Institute of Animal Science (IZ), Road Carlos Tonani, 94 - Zona Industrial, Sertãozinho, São Paulo, CEP: 14160-970, Brazil
| | - Fabio Morato Monteiro
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castelane - Vila Industrial, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
- Beef Cattle Research Center, Institute of Animal Science (IZ), Road Carlos Tonani, 94 - Zona Industrial, Sertãozinho, São Paulo, CEP: 14160-970, Brazil.
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Abah KO, Fontbonne A, Partyka A, Nizanski W. Effect of male age on semen quality in domestic animals: potential for advanced functional and translational research? Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1125-1137. [PMID: 37433886 PMCID: PMC10485126 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Age and other factors like season and breed are often associated with sperm quality and fertility in domestic animals. Even though many studies assessed the relationship between the age of the male and sperm parameters, the effects have not been comprehensively evaluated. Changes in semen quality from pubertal (young) to adult and old age were identified in the bull, ram, buck, boar, dog, and stallion, respectively. The review discusses the association between male age and semen volume, the total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate, sperm concentration, motility, morphology, sperm cell function, sperm DNA integrity, oxidative stress, and antioxidant activity in these species of animals. Generally, semen characteristics improve to a certain age, which declines as the animal ages. Only a few studies evaluated the impact of advanced age or employed advanced functional sperm assessment methods to assess age-related changes in sperm quality and male fertility. Such studies in the dog or stallion, for instance, may contribute to advancing knowledge in human-assisted reproductive techniques used in patients of advanced paternal and maternal age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Owoicho Abah
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alain Fontbonne
- École Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, 94704 Maisons-Alfort, Paris France
| | - Agnieszka Partyka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Nizanski
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
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ALBUQUERQUE RDS, MONTEIRO FDDO, LIMA MM, da SILVA AOA, CUNHA MSE, da CONCEIÇÃO MEBAM, SCHEEREN VFDC, FREITAS CDP, PAPA FO, MONTEIRO BM, VIANA RB, COUTINHO LN, MIRANDA MDS, TEIXEIRA PPM. Testicular alterations and semen quality in a selected group of breeding buffaloes. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:523-527. [PMID: 36928284 PMCID: PMC10139788 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Testicular ultrasound enables the evaluation of changes in the testicular parenchyma. This study aimed to report the occurrence of hypoechogenic testicular alterations and their relationship with semen quality in five breeding buffaloes. Two buffaloes presented with hyperechoic points characteristic of fibrosis and anechoic density content between the parietal and visceral tunica. The two bulls without ultrasonographic changes showed higher average trajectory speed, linear velocity, curvilinear velocity, amplitude of lateral displacement of the spermatic head, total motility, progressive motility, fast speed, and acrosomal membrane values within the normal range. The number of spermatozoa with major and total defects was higher in the group of animals without alterations. The three buffaloes that presented with testicular alterations produced semen within established freezing standards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Moises Moreira LIMA
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Universit Federal do Pará
(UFPA), Castanhal-Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Michel Santos e CUNHA
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Universit Federal do Pará
(UFPA), Castanhal-Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Verônica Flores da Cunha SCHEEREN
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Camila de Paula FREITAS
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Frederico Ozanam PAPA
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology,
College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - Bruno Moura MONTEIRO
- Institute of Health and Animal Production, Federal Rural
University of the Amazon, Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo Batista VIANA
- Institute of Health and Animal Production, Federal Rural
University of the Amazon, Belém-Pará, Brazil
| | - Leandro Nassar COUTINHO
- Institute of Health and Animal Production, Federal Rural
University of the Amazon, Belém-Pará, Brazil
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Hedia M, El-Shalofy A. Ageing affects plasma steroid concentrations and testicular volume, echotexture and haemodynamics in rams. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14309. [PMID: 34755370 DOI: 10.1111/and.14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to determine the effect of ageing on plasma steroid concentrations and testicular volume, echotexture and haemodynamics in Ossimi rams. Twenty-four rams were allocated, by age, into three groups: young (1 year; 32.00 ± 0.78 kg, n = 6); mature (2.5 years; 48.00 ± 1.02 kg, n = 9) and aged (7.5 years; 65.00 ± 1.10 kg, n = 9). Aged rams had the highest (p ˂ 0.05) plasma testosterone concentrations 3.90 ± 0.75 ng/ml (three-fold the other groups), whereas in young rams, plasma estradiol-17β concentrations (5.85 ± 0.34 pg/ml) were approximately one-quarter (p ˂ 0.05) of other groups. Regarding pulsed-wave Doppler indices values of the (resistive index RI; and pulsatility index PI) were lower (p ˂ 0.05) in the mature (0.32 ± 0.04 and 0.36 ± 0.03, respectively) and aged (0.51 ± 0.03 and 0.77 ± 0.06) rams compared to young rams (0.62 ± 0.03 and 0.98 ± 0.07). In the young group, testicular pixel intensity was highest (p ˂ 0.05) but values of coloured area/pixels were lowest (p ˂ 0.05) compared to the other groups. In conclusion, these parameters indicate that aged rams (7.5 years) are likely to be suitable for breeding ahead of the younger aged groups (1 and 2.5 years) examined, but a final decision would need to be tempered by consideration of other parameters in the breeding soundness examination (BSE), such as physical soundness and semen characteristics. Of the parameters studied, testicular pixel intensity could be most readily incorporated in a BSE for deciding a ram's breeding efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hedia
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr El-Shalofy
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Snoj T, Blažič K, Šehić N, Vake T, Majdič G. Calves' management conditions affect sperm count in adult bulls. Acta Vet Scand 2020; 62:65. [PMID: 33239077 PMCID: PMC7690124 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-020-00563-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early maternal separation may have long-lasting physiological effects on different organ systems. Although long-lasting effects of early maternal separation are mostly studied in connection with the development and function of the central nervous system hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, animal health, behaviour and productivity, there is a lack of information about its impacts on the reproductive system. In the dairy industry, calves are often separated from mothers 1 or 2 days after birth and are not nursed. In the present retrospective study based on data from an artificial insemination (AI) centre, we compared semen parameters and fertility in bulls that were separated from their mothers one day after birth with the semen parameters of bulls that remained with their mothers and were nursed for approximately 2 months. Semen parameters were followed in 3 consecutive years in 52 maternally separated and 22 nursed bulls. Results Ejaculate volume and total sperm count in ejaculate were significantly higher in nursed bulls in comparison to maternally separated bulls at the age 25–36 and 37–48 months, but interestingly, not at the age 12–24 months, during the first year in the AI centre. Non-return rates did not differ between separated and nursed bulls. Conclusion The results suggest that early maternal separation causes long-lasting effects on the functioning of the male reproductive system, evident by reduced production of semen in adult bulls. The data suggest that with a standard of 20 million sperms per straw of frozen semen, 27–78 fewer straws can be obtained from one ejaculate of maternally separated bulls in comparison to the nursed bulls.
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Gororo E, Makuza SM, Chidzwondo F, Chatiza FP. Variation in sperm cryosurvival is not modified by replacing the cryoprotectant glycerol with ethylene glycol in bulls. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:1210-1218. [PMID: 32628298 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Breed and sire differences in sperm cryosurvival have been noted, with negative implications for sperm cryobanking and assisted reproduction programmes. This study hypothesized that these differences could be modified by using lower molecular weight cryoprotectants. Therefore, the effect of replacing glycerol (GLY) with ethylene glycol (EG) on differential cryosurvival of semen from two Sanga cattle breeds (Mashona vs. Tuli) was determined. Three to five ejaculates were collected from each of ten bulls (3-8 years) by electro-ejaculation, diluted in three Tris-egg yolk extenders (Triladyl® , 7% GLY-based and 7% EG-based) and evaluated for sperm motility, viability and morphology at three time periods (fresh - 0 hr, pre-freeze - 4 hr and post-thaw). Tuli bulls produced larger (11.8 ± 0.31 ml vs. 8.5 ± 0.38 ml) and more concentrated ejaculates of lower fresh semen quality. Breeds differed across time for motility and morphology, but not viability. Mashona bull semen had significantly higher motility and normal morphology values at each sampling time. Bulls classified as poor freezers had lower concentration (0.70 ± 0.09 × 109 sperm/ml vs. 1.37 ± 0.10 × 109 sperm/ml), sperm motility index (SMI, 35.0 ± 3.4 % vs. 67.8 ± 2.1 %) and viability (69.7 ± 1.1 % vs. 75.7 ± 1.0 %) compared to good freezers. Maintenance of semen quality by GLY and EG did not differ between breeds, poor and good freezers, or age groups. The interaction breed by extender across time did not reach statistical significance for all variables. The study revealed that bull and breed variation in sperm quality and cryosurvival is not modified by replacing GLY with EG, suggesting that cryostress tolerance of sperm may be under control of mechanisms other than differential response to GLY cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddington Gororo
- Germplasm and Reproductive Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Production & Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
| | - Stanley Marshal Makuza
- School of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
| | | | - Fungayi Primrose Chatiza
- Germplasm and Reproductive Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Production & Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
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Gore DLM, Muasya TK, Okeno TO, Mburu JN. Comparative reproductive performance of Saanen and Toggenburg bucks raised under tropical environment. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 52:2653-2658. [PMID: 32458352 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of breed and age on scrotal measurements and semen characteristics of Saanen and Toggenburg bucks raised under extensive system in the tropic. The study was conducted using Toggenburg and Saanen bucks; the bucks were allocated into two different groups based on breed and age in 2 × 2 factorial completely randomized design. The body weight was determined using a hanging weighing scale expressed in kilogrammes (kg). Scrotal circumference and scrotal length were measured using metal measuring tape. Semen characteristics evaluated were volume, consistency, mass activity and progressive motility, live sperm cells, normal morphology and spermatozoa concentration. The current study found that breed of bucks had no influence on body weight, scrotal circumference, scrotal length, volume, mass activity, progressive motility, live sperm cells and sperm morphology. The study also found that Toggenburg bucks had higher semen consistency and spermatozoa concentration as compared with Saanen bucks. Therefore, it can be concluded that Toggenburg bucks can produce high number of total spermatozoa and as a result higher semen doses for artificial insemination purposes. Further studies with more number of animals are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L M Gore
- Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genomics Group, Egerton University, P. O. Box 536, Egerton, Nakuru, 20115, Kenya.
| | - T K Muasya
- Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genomics Group, Egerton University, P. O. Box 536, Egerton, Nakuru, 20115, Kenya
| | - T O Okeno
- Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genomics Group, Egerton University, P. O. Box 536, Egerton, Nakuru, 20115, Kenya
| | - J N Mburu
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Theriogenology and Medicine, Egerton University, P. O. Box 536, Egerton, Nakuru, 20115, Kenya
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Rodrigues NN, Rossi GF, Vrisman DP, Taira AR, Souza LL, Zorzetto MF, Bastos NM, de Paz CCP, de Lima VFMH, Monteiro FM, Franco Oliveira ME. Ultrasonographic characteristics of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex glands and arterial spectral indices in peri- and post-pubertal Nelore and Caracu bulls. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 212:106235. [PMID: 31864487 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasonography can provide information about the integrity of organs; however, rarely is applied to the reproductive organ evaluation of bulls. The objective of the present study was to characterize and compare values for variables and ultrasonographic characteristics of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex glands, as well as spectral Doppler indices of the testicular and internal iliac arteries, between peri- and post-pubertal Nelore and Caracu bulls. Nelore (n = 203) and Caracu (n = 79) bulls were assigned by age class: peri-pubertal (12-15 months) and post-pubertal (> 22 months). Data were analyzed using SAS's PROC MIXED procedure (P < 0.05). The biometric variables of the testes and cauda epididymis differed between peri- and post-pubertal Nelore and Caracu bulls. There was a difference between breeds for the vesicular glands, ampulla of vas deferens, disseminate portion of the prostate, and craniocaudal dimension of the bulbourethral glands. Echogenicity of the testicular parenchyma differed between breeds and age classes. The pulsatility and resistive indices of the testicular arteries differed between Nelore and Caracu bulls. The biometric and ultrasonographic characteristics of the testes, epididymis and accessory sex glands, as well as of the arterial indices in bulls are affected by genetic group and age class, and when assessed there is useful information regarding the progression of sexual maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiara Nantes Rodrigues
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via De Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Cep 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Fazan Rossi
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via De Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Cep 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Dayane Priscila Vrisman
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via De Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Cep 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Augusto Ryonosuke Taira
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via De Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Cep 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Lelis Souza
- Centro APTA Bovinos De Corte, Instituto De Zootecnia, Rodovia Carlos Tonani, Km 94, Cep 14160-900, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Furtado Zorzetto
- Centro APTA Bovinos De Corte, Instituto De Zootecnia, Rodovia Carlos Tonani, Km 94, Cep 14160-900, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Marins Bastos
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via De Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Cep 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cristina Paro de Paz
- Centro APTA Bovinos De Corte, Instituto De Zootecnia, Rodovia Carlos Tonani, Km 94, Cep 14160-900, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | - Vera Fernanda Martins Hossepian de Lima
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via De Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Cep 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Morato Monteiro
- Centro APTA Bovinos De Corte, Instituto De Zootecnia, Rodovia Carlos Tonani, Km 94, Cep 14160-900, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Emilia Franco Oliveira
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via De Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Cep 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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Romanello N, de Brito Lourenço Junior J, Barioni Junior W, Brandão FZ, Marcondes CR, Pezzopane JRM, de Andrade Pantoja MH, Botta D, Giro A, Moura ABB, do Nascimento Barreto A, Garcia AR. Thermoregulatory responses and reproductive traits in composite beef bulls raised in a tropical climate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2018; 62:1575-1586. [PMID: 29732473 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-1557-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
It is believed that increased livestock production is limited by tropical climate. Thermal imbalance in bulls can lead to hyperthermia and alter testicular metabolism, causing subfertility or infertility. Therefore, the thermoregulation of composite Canchim bulls (5/8 Charolais × 3/8 Zebu) raised in tropical climate as well as their consequences in the physiological, hematological, hormonal, and andrological parameters were evaluated monthly. The bulls (n = 18; 30.0 ± 1.5 months; 503.8 ± 23.0 kg) were kept on pasture, in a single group, from August 2015 to March 2016, comprising the winter, spring, and summer seasons. Biometeorological variables were continuously monitored, and the Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) was calculated. A greater thermal challenge occurred in spring and summer (THI ≥ 72.0). Nevertheless, the bulls exhibited normothermia (38.6 to 38.9 °C) in these seasons. The cortisol did not vary between seasons (7.0 vs. 8.7 vs. 6.8 ng/mL; P > 0.05) and remained within the physiological patterns. Independent of the seasons, stress leukogram was also not observed, refuting the incidence of acute or chronic thermal stress. It is noteworthy that T3 and testosterone increased (P < 0.0001, P < 0.05) in spring and summer, the time that coincides with the breeding season, when there is increased metabolic requirement from the bulls. The progressive thermal challenge increase did not affect the scrotal thermoregulatory capacity, and in general, scrotal temperature remained at 5.2 °C below the internal body temperature. In summer, there was a 5% reduction in the minor sperm defects (P < 0.05) and DNA fragmentation in 2.4% of spermatozoa, a compatible value for high fertility bulls. The results show that the studied composite bulls can be considered as climatically adapted and constitute a viable alternative to be used in production systems in a tropical climate, even if the breeding seasons occur during the most critical thermal condition periods of the year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narian Romanello
- Federal University of Pará, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Castanhal, 68746-360, Brazil
| | | | - Waldomiro Barioni Junior
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Livestock Southeast, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, 13560-970, Brazil
| | | | - Cintia Righetti Marcondes
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Livestock Southeast, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - José Ricardo Macedo Pezzopane
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Livestock Southeast, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, 13560-970, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Botta
- Federal University of Pará, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Castanhal, 68746-360, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Giro
- Federal University of Pará, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Castanhal, 68746-360, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Rossetto Garcia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Livestock Southeast, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, 13560-970, Brazil.
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PERUMAL P. Effect of age and body weight on scrotal circumference and testicular growth in Nagaland swamp buffalo bulls. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v88i7.81429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A study was carried out to assess the effect of age and body weight on the scrotal circumference (SC) and testicular growth rate of swamp buffalo bulls in Nagaland. These buffaloes utilized for the present study were maintained around the villages of Medziphema block, Dimapur district, Nagaland, India. In the present study, a total of 24 swamp buffalo bulls were identified, selected and utilized. These buffaloes were grouped into four different categories as per their age and each category comprised 8 buffalo bulls. The groups were Group I: 18-24 months (6), Group II: 25-36 months (6), Group III: 37-48 months (6) and Group IV: 49 months and above (6). SCand testicular growth parameters were estimated with vernier caliper and simple measurement tape and by using dental formula, the age of animals was estimated.The Shaeffer's formula was used to estimate the body weight of buffalo bulls. Statistical analysis revealed that the SC and testicular growth parameters had significant positive correlation with body weight than age of the bulls. As compared to cattle, testicular growth parameters and SC of the swamp buffaloes were lower. The study result indicated that testicular growth parameters and SC of swamp buffalo are the useful indicators to determine the testicular development to select the buffalo bull for breeding purpose.
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Gangadhar Jadhav V, Bharath Kumar BS, Pandita S. Age-related changes in testicular parameters and their relationship to thyroid hormones and testosterone in male Murrah buffaloes. Arch Anim Breed 2018. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-61-191-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. The present study aims to investigate the age-related changes in testicular
parameters and their association with plasma triiodothyronine (T3),
thyroxine (T4), and testosterone in male Murrah buffaloes. Testicular
measurements and single blood samples were collected from male Murrah
buffaloes (n= 103) aged between 6 months and 8 years. The correlation
coefficients of average testicular length (ATL), paired testis width (PTW),
and scrotal circumference (SC) in relation to age were 0.88, 0.91, and 0.90,
respectively. The regression equation between testicular weight (TW) and age
was Y=1.48×x0.005 (r= 0.90; R2= 0.79). Plasma
T4 and testosterone increased significantly (p< 0.001) with age and
their levels ranged between 12.9 and 41.8 and 0.05 and 1.48 ng mL−1, respectively.
With respect to associations between testicular parameters and plasma hormone
levels, we observed significant (p< 0.01) correlations between ATL, PTW,
SC, TW, and plasma T4. A significant correlation (r= 0.31; p< 0.01) between plasma T4 and testosterone levels was also observed.
However, the correlations between plasma T3 and testicular parameters
and plasma T3 and testosterone were non-significant. From the present
study, we conclude that plasma T4 is positively correlated with
testicular parameters and plasma testosterone, indicating its role in testis
development and steroidogenesis.
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Hassanane MS, El Makawy AI, Helalia SM, Abdoon AS, Khalil KM, Ghanem TA, Tohamy AM, Sun XF, Shen W. First study of sperm mediated gene transfer in Egyptian river buffalo. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2017; 15:475-482. [PMID: 30647689 PMCID: PMC6296624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to find the best treatments for enhancing the ration of insertion of a desired gene construct (pEGFP-N1) onto the sperm of buffalo as the first step for the production of transgenic buffalo using sperm mediated gene transfer (SMGT). The tested conditions were plasmid DNA concentration, sperm concentration, transfecting agent concentration: Dimethyle sulphoxide (DMSO) and time of transfection. The study proved that the best conditions for producing transgenic embryos were incubation sperm solution its concentration is 107/ml sperm with 3% DMSO: with 20 µg/ml from the linarized DNA, for 15 min at 4 °C are the best conditions to produce transgenic buffalo embryo using sperm mediated gene transfer.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- Buffalo embryos
- CCC, covalently closed circular
- COCs, Cumulus oocyte complexes
- DMSO
- DMSO, Dimethyle sulphoxide
- EGFP
- EGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein
- IVF, in vitro fertilization
- MII, second meiotic division
- OD, optical density
- PBS, Phosphate buffer saline
- SMGT
- SMGT, sperm mediated gene transfer
- TCM199, tissue culture medium
- Transgenic
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Hassanane
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Aida I. El Makawy
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Sahar M. Helalia
- Cell Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S. Abdoon
- Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | - Kamal M.A. Khalil
- Genetics and Cytology Dept., Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Egypt
| | | | - Amany M. Tohamy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Institute of Reproductive Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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16
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Carreira JT, Trevizan JT, Carvalho IR, Kipper B, Rodrigues LH, Silva C, Perri SHV, Drevet JR, Koivisto MB. Does sperm quality and DNA integrity differ in cryopreserved semen samples from young, adult, and aged Nellore bulls? Basic Clin Androl 2017. [PMID: 28649382 PMCID: PMC5479005 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-017-0056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In humans, it is now well documented that rising paternal age is correlated with decreased sperm DNA integrity and embryonic developmental failures. On the other side of the coin, it is also reported that very young fathers such as teenagers carry an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes. These observations suggest that, at least in humans, there is an age window for optimal sperm DNA integrity. In bovine, little is known about sperm DNA quality in young bulls and how it evolves with age. This study aimed to fill in this gap as it may be of importance for the bovine industry to know when exactly a bull is an optimal performer for reproductive programs. Methods Forty Nellore bulls were divided into three age groups: 1.8 to 2 years – young bulls; 3.5 to 7 years – adult bulls; and 8 to 14.3 years – aged bulls. Three ejaculates were collected from each bull, cryopreserved and evaluated for various parameters including: computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, mitochondrial potential, sperm nuclear protamination, DNA oxidative damage, and Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA). Results We report here that young bulls presented superior values for motility, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, and high mitochondrial potential. However, they also presented higher values for sperm morphological abnormalities compared to adult and aged animal groups (p < 0.05). In addition, young bulls exhibited more defective protamination than older animals did. The oldest bulls showed more nuclear oxidative damage than the younger groups of bulls while both the young and aged groups were found more susceptible to DNA denaturation as revealed with the SCSA test (p < 0.05). Conclusion These results indicate that young bulls spermatozoa best survived the freezing procedure, followed by adult and aged bulls. However, young and aged bulls were found to be more susceptible to DNA damage, respectively caused by protamine deficiency and oxidation. Therefore, although young bulls have correct semen parameters according to classical evaluation, our results indicate that they may show some structural nuclear immaturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Carreira
- Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, IFMG, 05, Fazenda Varginha, Estrada Bambuí-Medeiros, Km 05, CEP38900-000 Bambuí, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - J T Trevizan
- FMVA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - I R Carvalho
- FMVA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - B Kipper
- FMVA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | | | - C Silva
- CRVLagoa, Sertãozinho, Brazil
| | - S H V Perri
- FMVA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - J R Drevet
- GReD Laboratory, CNRS UMR6293 - INSERM U1103 - Clermont Université, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M B Koivisto
- FMVA, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
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17
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Associations between feed efficiency, sexual maturity and fertility-related measures in young beef bulls. Animal 2016; 10:96-105. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731115001925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ahmad M, Nasrullah R, Ahmad N. Effect of cooling rate and equilibration time on pre-freeze and post-thaw survival of buck sperm. Cryobiology 2015; 70:233-8. [PMID: 25771348 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Survival of buck sperm is affected due to duration and temperature of stages of refrigerated or frozen storage. This study investigated interactive effect of cooling rates (moderate; MC and rapid cooling; RC); and equilibration times (0, 2, 4 and 8h) on survival before freezing at 4°C and post-thaw quality of buck sperm. Semen was collected (three Beetal bucks; replicates=6), pooled and diluted with Tris-citrate extender. Pooled semen samples were subjected to either RC (-2.2°C/min) or MC (-0.3°C/min) from 37°C to 4°C in separate aliquots and further equilibrated at 4°C for 8h. Semen was frozen using standard procedure after completion of each equilibration period i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 8h. Semen was evaluated for motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity (PMI) and normal apical ridge (NAR) before freezing and after thawing. The survival time (time for survival above threshold limit i.e. 60%) at 4°C, of motility and PMI was observed 5 and 6h respectively in RC group while >8h in MC group. Rate of decline (slope) in motility and viability was higher (P<0.05) in RC overtime during equilibration at 4°C while PMI and NAR declined at equal rate in both cooling groups. Post-thaw motility and NAR were higher (P<0.05) in MC when equilibrated for 2-8h while viability and PMI of RC was observed equal to MC group. In conclusion, survival of buck sperm is higher when cooled with moderate rate. However, RC can maintain post-thaw sperm viability and PMI equal to MC when equilibrated for 2-8h. The methods should be explored to maintain motility and NAR during rapid cooling of buck sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Rashad Nasrullah
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Scrotal Circumference and Its Relationship with Testicular Growth, Age, and Body Weight in Tho Tho (Bos indicus) Bulls. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:249537. [PMID: 27351012 PMCID: PMC4897419 DOI: 10.1155/2014/249537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to assess the relationship between the scrotal circumference and testicular parameters with body weight and age in Tho Tho bulls (Bos indicus), which were maintained at around the villages of National Research Centre on Mithun (ICAR), Jharnapani, Nagaland, India. A total of 32 Tho Tho bulls were selected and divided into four groups according to their age and each group consisted of 8 bulls, namely, Group I: 18–24 months (n = 8), Group II: 25–36 months (n = 8), Group III: 37–48 months (n = 8), and Group IV: 49 months and above (n = 8). The scrotal circumference and testicular parameters were measured with caliper and tape and age of animals was calculated with dental formula. The body weight of bulls was estimated with Shaeffer's formula. Result revealed that the scrotal circumference was highly correlated with testicular parameters and body weight compared to age. Compared to exotic cattle (Bos taurus), Tho Tho bull's testicular parameters and scrotal circumference were lower. The results of the present study in Tho Tho bulls revealed that scrotal circumference is a useful indicator and is an important selection criterion to determine the testicular development and breeding soundness in young bulls as it is highly correlated with tesicular parameters.
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20
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Waheed MM, Ghoneim IM, Hassieb MM, Alsumait AA. Evaluation of the Breeding Soundness of Male Camels (Camelus dromedarius) via Clinical Examination, Semen Analysis, Ultrasonography and Testicular Biopsy: A Summary of 80 Clinical Cases. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:790-6. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MM Waheed
- Department of Clinical Studies; College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
| | - IM Ghoneim
- Department of Clinical Studies; College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
| | - MM Hassieb
- Department of Pathology; College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources; King Faisal University; Al-Ahsa Saudi Arabia
| | - AA Alsumait
- Epidemiology and Zoonotic Disease Department; Public Authority of Agriculture & Fish Resources; Kuwait Kuwait
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21
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Comparison of two different cryopreservation protocols for freezing goat semen. Cryobiology 2014; 68:327-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Lucio ACD, Ferraudo AS, Oliveira LZD, Carmo ASD, Alves BG, Alves KA, Almeida S, Deragon LA, Pereira W, Carneiro LC, Lima VFMHD. Exploratory analysis of differences in sperm morphology in Nelore and Gir (Bos indicus) bulls. Trop Anim Health Prod 2014; 46:765-70. [PMID: 24622899 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-014-0561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of breed and season on semen quality parameters of zebu bulls. Data (1,632 registers) of semen production from Gir (n = 4) and Nelore (n = 15) bulls were collected between October 2005 and November 2009. The ejaculates were collected twice a week during various seasons (summer, fall, winter, and spring) and evaluated for the following semen parameters: ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, forward progressive motility (FPM), and sperm morphology. Factor analysis was used to determine the relationship among variables. The effect of breed (Gir and Nelore) and season and their cross effect on each parameter and extracted factor were tested using ANOVA. A negative correlation (P < 0.05) was observed between FPM and proximal droplet, as well as with abnormal loose head, abnormal small head, pouch formation, abnormal mid-piece, and strongly folded tail. Gir bull sperm showed more major defects, detached acrosome, and minor FPM (P < 0.01), whereas Nelore bulls showed a higher number of sperm with normally loose head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Costa de Lucio
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil,
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Ahmad M, Nasrullah R, Riaz H, Sattar A, Ahmad N. Changes in motility, morphology, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity during stages of cryopreservation of buck sperm. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2014; 85:972. [PMID: 24832216 DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v85i1.972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in sperm structure and function occur during the processing of semen. The present study was designed to investigate the effect on buck sperm during different stages of semen preparation including dilution, cooling, equilibration and freeze-thawing. Semen ejaculates from three mature bucks (replicates = 5) were diluted with tris-citric acid egg yolk glycerol extender at 37 ºC, cooled to 4 ºC over 90 min, equilibrated at 4 ºC for 2 h, transferred to 0.5 mL straws, placed in nitrogen vapour, frozen and thawed and then analysed. Sperm samples were assessed for percentage motility, acrosomal and plasma membrane integrity, live sperm, and morphology after dilution, cooling, equilibration and thawing. Mean percentage motility after dilution (86.0 ± 1.4%) was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) due to cooling and equilibration (77.6 ± 1.3% and 74.6 ± 1.4% respectively); furthermore, it decreased significantly (p < 0.05) after freezing and thawing (42.3 ± 2.5%). Mean percentage of live sperm was higher (p < 0.05) after dilution (89.3 ± 1.4%)compared with cooling (84.8 ± 1.8%) and equilibration (80.2 ± 2.5%) and further reduced (p < 0.05) after freezing and thawing (56.0 ± 3.4%). Sperm morphology dropped significantly (p < 0.05) from 96.4 ± 0.3% after dilution to 88.8 ± 1.3% at cooling and further decreased (p < 0.05) after freezing and thawing (81 ± 1.9%). Mean percentage of sperm with normal plasma membrane after dilution (82.2 ± 1.1%) was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at cooling or equilibration (73.8 ± 1.8) and further decreased (p < 0.05) after freezing and thawing (50.1 ± 2.9%). The percentage of sperm with normal acrosomes did not differ significantly due to dilution, cooling or equilibration (85.8 ± 1.7%, 83.2 ± 1.6%, 81.7 ± 1.8%) but was significantly reduced after freezing and thawing (45.2 ± 2.8%). In conclusion, frozen thawed sperm showed maximum damage to motility, morphology, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity following cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
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- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences.
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Dorado J, Acha D, Gálvez MJ, Ortiz I, Carrasco JJ, Díaz B, Gómez-Arrones V, Calero-Carretero R, Hidalgo M. Sperm motility patterns in Andalusian donkey (Equus asinus) semen: effects of body weight, age, and semen quality. Theriogenology 2013; 79:1100-9. [PMID: 23473870 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to (1) identify sperm subpopulations with specific motion characteristics in fresh Andalusian donkey ejaculates; (2) evaluate the effects of individual donkey and ejaculates within the same donkey on the distribution of the subpopulations found; and (3) explore the relationship between the age and the body weight of donkey donors, the sperm quality parameters, and the sperm subpopulations structure. Sixty ejaculates from 12 Andalusian donkeys (five ejaculates per donkey), ranging in age from 4 to 15 years, were collected. Immediately after collection, sperm characteristics (volume, sperm concentration, objective sperm motility, and sperm morphology) were assessed. Donkeys were evaluated for body weight. Significant (P < 0.05) correlations were established between the body weight of the donkeys and the pH (r = -0.52), sperm motility (percentage of motile spermatozoa: r = -0.31; percentage of progressive motile spermatozoa: r = -0.34), and total sperm abnormalities (r = 0.38). The correlations of the age with the measures of semen quality were low and not significant (P > 0.05). A multivariate clustering procedure separated 65,342 motile spermatozoa into four subpopulations: subpopulation 1, consisting of slow and nonprogressive spermatozoa (15.4%), subpopulation 2, consisting of moderately slow but progressive spermatozoa (35.9%), subpopulation 3, consisting of highly active but nonprogressive spermatozoa (18.5%), and subpopulation 4, consisting of highly active and progressive spermatozoa (30.2%). The distribution of these subpopulations varied significantly (P < 0.05) according to several parameters such as the individual donkey, the ejaculate of the same donkey, the total motility, and the overall sperm concentration. Our results show the existence of four well-defined motile sperm subpopulations in Andalusian donkey ejaculates, and suggest a high heterogeneity in the ejaculate structure in donkey. The relationship between the distribution of the sperm subpopulations and individual donkey, total motility, and sperm concentration shows that the spermatozoa of each have different motility patterns. However, the proportions of sperm subpopulations in the ejaculates did not vary with age and body weight. Finally, the study of discrete subpopulations of motile spermatozoa could lead to a substantial increase in information acquired during donkey semen analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dorado
- Animal Reproduction Group, Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain.
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Effect of age and season on semen quality parameters in Sahiwal bulls. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 43:1161-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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