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Thermoregulatory Response of Blackbelly Adult Ewes and Female Lambs during the Summer under Tropical Conditions in Southern Mexico. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141860. [PMID: 35883406 PMCID: PMC9311599 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High environmental temperatures cause heat stress in ewes, resulting in thermoregulatory problems. In this study, the thermoregulatory responses of Blackbelly adult ewes (G1, n = 14) and female lambs (G2, n = 7), during the summer under tropical conditions, in southern Mexico were analyzed. Different physiological variables and skin temperatures (ST) of the ewes were recorded. Breathing frequency (BF) values were similar between groups at 116.73 ± 33.598 bpm (G1) and 113.661 ± 34.515 bpm (G2) (p > 0.05). In the case of skin elasticity (SE), there were no significant differences between the time of day and the age of the ewes (p > 0.05). Significant differences were observed between groups for BF, rectal temperature (RT), and heart rate (HR) values (p < 0.05). All ST values, for both groups, were significantly higher during the afternoon (p < 0.001). In general, all Blackbelly adult ewes and female lambs during the summer present severe heat stress conditions as a result of an increase in physiological constants and ST. It is concluded that all ewes thermoregulate body temperature by modifying different physiological variables to counteract the effect of heat stress.
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Artificial shade effects on behavior and body weight of pregnant grazing red deer (Cervus elaphus). J Vet Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zuñiga-Garcia S, Meza-Herrera CA, Mendoza-Cortina A, Otal-Salaverri J, Perez-Marin C, Lopez-Flores NM, Carrillo E, Calderon-Leyva G, Gutierrez-Guzman UN, Veliz-Deras FG. Effect of Social Rank upon Estrus Induction and Some Reproductive Outcomes in Anestrus Goats Treated With Progesterone + eCG. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1125. [PMID: 32630701 PMCID: PMC7401613 DOI: 10.3390/ani10071125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the possible role of the social rank [R] (i.e., low-LSR, middle-MSR, or high-HSR) in anestrus goats exposed to a P4 + eCG [D] (i.e., 100 or 350 IU) estrus induction protocol (EIP). Adult, multiparous (two to three lactations), multiracial, dairy-type goats (Alpine-Saanen-Nubian x Criollo goats (n = 70; 25°51' North) managed under stall-fed conditions were all ultrasound evaluated to confirm anestrus status while the R was determined 30 d prior to the EIP. The variables of estrus induction (EI, %), estrus latency (LAT, h), estrus duration (DUR, h), ovulation (OVU, %), ovulation rate (OR, n), corpus luteum size (CLS, cm), pregnancy (PREG, %), kidding (KIDD, %), and litter size (LS, n) as affected by R, D, and the R × D interaction, were evaluated. While OVU and CLS favored (p < 0.05) HSR (96% and + 1.04 ± 0.07 cm), an increased (p < 0.05) LS occurred in D350 vs. D100 (2.06 ± 0.2 vs. 1.36 ± 0.2); neither R nor D affected (p > 0.05; 38.5%) KIDD. However, EI, LAT, DUR, OR, and PREG were affected by the R × D interaction. The HSR group had the largest (p < 0.05) EI % and DUR h, irrespective of D. The shortest (p < 0.05) LAT occurred in D350, irrespective of R. While the largest (p < 0.05) OR occurred in HSR and MSR within D350, the HSR + D350 group had the largest PREG (p < 0.05). These research outcomes are central to defining out-of-season reproductive strategies designed to attenuate seasonal reproduction in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Zuñiga-Garcia
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico; (S.Z.-G.); (G.C.-L.)
| | - Cesar A. Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230 Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico; (C.A.M.-H.); (A.M.-C.); (N.M.L.-F.)
| | - Adela Mendoza-Cortina
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230 Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico; (C.A.M.-H.); (A.M.-C.); (N.M.L.-F.)
| | - Julio Otal-Salaverri
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Carlos Perez-Marin
- Instituto de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Noé M. Lopez-Flores
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, 35230 Bermejillo, Durango, Mexico; (C.A.M.-H.); (A.M.-C.); (N.M.L.-F.)
- Instituto de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain;
| | | | - Guadalupe Calderon-Leyva
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico; (S.Z.-G.); (G.C.-L.)
| | - Ulises N. Gutierrez-Guzman
- Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, 35111 Venecia, Durango, Mexico;
| | - Francisco G. Veliz-Deras
- Unidad Laguna, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Periférico Raúl López Sánchez y Carretera a Santa Fe, 27054 Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico; (S.Z.-G.); (G.C.-L.)
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Meza-Herrera C, Menendez-Buxadera A, Serradilla J, Lopez-Villalobos N, Baena-Manzano F. Estimates of genetic parameters and heterosis for birth weight, one-month weight and litter size at birth in five goat breeds. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Habibu B, Dzenda T, Ayo J, Yaqub L, Kawu M. Haematological changes and plasma fluid dynamics in livestock during thermal stress, and response to mitigative measures. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Variations in the Temperature-Humidity Index and Dorsal Fat Thickness during the Last Trimester of Gestation and Early Postpartum Period Affect Fertility of Bos indicus Cows in the Tropics. Vet Med Int 2018; 2018:2360430. [PMID: 30140424 PMCID: PMC6081557 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2360430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to measure the influence of the temperature-humidity index (THI) and the variation of fat thickness on reproductive performance, ninety-two Bos indicus cows kept under grazing conditions were used in two farms in Veracruz (Mexico) and Puntarenas (Costa Rica). THI was calculated with the average environmental temperature and relative humidity. Measurements of fat thickness (FAT) were taken two weeks apart from the last trimester of gestation to approximately 80 days postpartum (dpp). Natural breeding was used in both farms. Time to conception was calculated based on the interval from days at risk to conception (DRC), which had to be at least 28 dpp. THI was between 65.4 ± 2.9 and 73.2 ± 1.5 in Veracruz and 75.4 ± 0.26 and 76.5 ± 0.55 in Puntarenas. Variations in THI were observed in Puntarenas whereas in Veracruz THI variations were more prominent. In Veracruz, loss of fat during the last trimester of gestation was on average 8.5%, whereas in the postpartum period it was 18.4% (P = 0.042). In Puntarenas, the variation in the last trimester of gestation was on average 18.7% and in the postpartum period was 10.5% (P = 0.012). The relative change in FAT in Veracruz was 36.7%, and in Puntarenas it was 29.3%. Overall, 60% of the cows became pregnant. FAT decreased the interval of DRC (R2=0.06; P=0.033) with a high relationship (R2=0.76; P< 0.0001) between THI and time to conception, in both farms. In conclusion, THI levels influence the reproductive performance in early postpartum period affecting DRC.
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Macías-Cruz U, Stevens JC, Correa-Calderón A, Mellado M, Meza-Herrera CA, Avendaño-Reyes L. Effects of pre-lambing maternal energy supplementation on post-weaning productive performance and thermoregulatory capacity of heat-stressed male lambs. J Therm Biol 2018; 75:7-12. [PMID: 30017055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional requirements of sheep during late gestation increase as a consequence of high fetal growth, mammary tissue development and colostrum synthesis. While prepartum energy supplementation is a nutritional strategy to improve lamb postnatal performance in thermoneutral environments, this has not been studied under heat stress. This study aimed to evaluate effects of maternal energy supplementation during the last third of pregnancy on post-weaning feedlot performance and thermoregulation capacity of heat-stressed male lambs born from multiple births. Twenty Dorper x Pelibuey entire male lambs with initial body weight of 18.2 ± 0.4 kg, aged 2.7 mo (weaned) and born in multiple pregnancies were used in a 32 d feeding study. Treatments were based in the prenatal origin of the lambs: 1) ewes fed 100 (n = 10, Control) and 2) 125% (n = 10, Supplemented) of metabolizable energy requirements from day 100 of gestation to lambing. Lambs were housed outdoor in individual pens under summer environment conditions in an arid region (temperature = 36 ± 4.4 °C and temperature-humidity index = 81 ± 3.9 units). Overall feedlot performance was not affected by pre-partum maternal feeding, although lower (P = 0.04) growth rate and feed efficiency occurred during the last 8 d of the study in lambs born from supplemented ewes. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate and hair coat temperature during daytime were unaffected by prepartum supplementation. Serum concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, urea, total protein and thyroid hormones were similar between lambs born from control and supplemented ewes. It is concluded that, in hair sheep breeds, prepartum energy supplementation did not alter overall post-weaning productive performance and thermoregulation capacity of heat-stressed male lambs that were born in multiple pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Macías-Cruz
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California 21705, México
| | - Jazmín C Stevens
- Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cd. Juárez, Chihuahua, México
| | - Abelardo Correa-Calderón
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California 21705, México
| | - Miguel Mellado
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Saltillo, Coahuila 25315, México
| | - Cesar A Meza-Herrera
- Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Bermejillo, Durango 35230, México
| | - Leonel Avendaño-Reyes
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California 21705, México.
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Kahwage PR, Esteves SN, Jacinto MAC, Junior WB, Pezzopane JRM, de Andrade Pantoja MH, Bosi C, Miguel MCV, Mahlmeister K, Garcia AR. High systemic and testicular thermolytic efficiency during heat tolerance test reflects better semen quality in rams of tropical breeds. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1819-1829. [PMID: 28497170 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the capacity of Morada Nova (MN) and Santa Inês (SIN) rams to maintain body and testicular homeothermy under thermal challenge. For 5 days in the summer, 16 males (SIN = 7 and MN = 9) underwent a heat tolerance test, i.e., period 1-animals maintained in the shade (11 to 12 h); period 2-animals exposed to sunlight (12 to 13 h); and period 3-animals returned to the shade (13 to 14 h). The respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature, and infrared surface temperatures (IRT) of the trunk, back, eyeball, and testicles were assessed in each period. The index of capacity of tolerance to insolation (ICTI), which indicates the animals' level of adaptability, was calculated for each animal. Semen quality and testicular parenchyma integrity were assessed before and after the thermal challenge. Statistical analyses were performed at 5% significance. In period 1, the variables had baseline values for both genotypes. In period 2, the variables involved in thermolysis significantly increased (P < 0.05), which matches a thermal discomfort situation. In period 3, the variables returned to baseline values and some values were lower than those in period 1. Semen quality and testicular parenchyma integrity suffered no negative effects with the thermal challenge. IRT ocular and IRT testicular were positively correlated (P < 0.05). It is concluded that MN and SIN rams had efficient thermolytic mechanisms that favor preserving gonadal functionality. The animals were considered resilient to a thermal challenge. In addition, infrared thermography was an efficient tool to verify body and testicular thermoregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Reis Kahwage
- Post graduate Program in Animal Science, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Novita Esteves
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock (CPPSE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Waldomiro Barioni Junior
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock (CPPSE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristian Bosi
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock (CPPSE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Kaue Mahlmeister
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock (CPPSE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rossetto Garcia
- Embrapa Southeast Livestock (CPPSE), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation/Embrapa Southeast Livestock (CPPSE), Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, Fazenda Canchim, Sao Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil.
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Habibu B, Makun H, Yaqub L, Buhari H, Aluwong T, Kawu M. Comparative evaluation of haematological parameters and erythrocyte membrane stability in pregnant and lactating goats in different seasons of tropical Savannah. Theriogenology 2017; 99:30-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Narayan E, Parisella S. Influences of the stress endocrine system on the reproductive endocrine axis in sheep (Ovis aries). ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2017.1321972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Narayan
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Simone Parisella
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
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Vicente-Pérez R, Avendaño-Reyes L, Mejía-Vázquez Á, Álvarez-Valenzuela FD, Correa-Calderón A, Mellado M, Meza-Herrera CA, Guerra-Liera JE, Robinson P, Macías-Cruz U. Prediction of rectal temperature using non-invasive physiologic variable measurements in hair pregnant ewes subjected to natural conditions of heat stress. J Therm Biol 2016; 55:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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