1
|
Lanzoni L, Chagunda MGG, Fusaro I, Chincarini M, Giammarco M, Atzori AS, Podaliri M, Vignola G. Assessment of Seasonal Variation in Methane Emissions of Mediterranean Buffaloes Using a Laser Methane Detector. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243487. [PMID: 36552406 PMCID: PMC9774287 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A direct assessment of the methane (CH4) emission level and its variability factors is needed in each animal species in order to target the best mitigation strategy for the livestock sector. Therefore, the present study aimed to (1) test a laser methane detector (LMD) for the first time in Italian Mediterranean buffaloes (IMB), a non-invasive tool to quantify CH4 emissions; (2) test the effect of season on the emissions; and (3) compare the results measured directly with the ones estimated with the existing equations. CH4 emissions of twenty non-productive IMB, under the same feeding regimen, were monitored for 12 days in summer and winter. Significantly higher THI (74.46 ± 1.88 vs. 49.62 ± 4.87; p < 0.001), lower DMI (2.24 ± 0.04 vs. 2.51 ± 0.03% DMI/kg live weight; p < 0.001) and lower emission intensities (0.61 ± 0.15 vs. 0.75 ± 0.13; p < 0.001) were found during the summer period when compared with winter. LMD was found to be a versatile tool to be used in buffaloes, and it was clear that a summer increase in THI could act as a stressor for the animals, influencing their emissions. In addition, measured emissions were significantly higher than when estimated with the existing equations (p < 0.001), suggesting the need for further research in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Lanzoni
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Mizeck G. G. Chagunda
- Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Isa Fusaro
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Matteo Chincarini
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Melania Giammarco
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Alberto Stanislao Atzori
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Michele Podaliri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Vignola
- Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Piano d’Accio, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Palangi V, Lackner M. Management of Enteric Methane Emissions in Ruminants Using Feed Additives: A Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243452. [PMID: 36552373 PMCID: PMC9774182 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In ruminants' metabolism, a surplus of hydrogen is removed from the reduction reaction of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) by the formation of methane by methanogenic bacteria and archaea methanogens. The balance of calculations between VFA (volatile fatty acids), CO2, and CH4 indicates that acetate and butyrate play a role in methane production, while the formation of propionate maintains hydrogen and therefore reduces methane production. CH4 formation in ruminant livestock is not desired because it reduces feed efficiency and contributes to global warming. Therefore, numerous strategies have been investigated to mitigate methane production in ruminants. This review focuses on feed additives which have the capability of reducing methane emissions in ruminants. Due to the environmental importance of methane emissions, such studies are needed to make milk and meat production more sustainable. Additionally, the additives which have no adverse effects on rumen microbial population and where the reduction effects are a result of their hydrogen sink property, are the best reduction methods. Methane inhibitors have shown such a property in most cases. More work is needed to bring methane-reducing agents in ruminant diets to full market maturity, so that farmers can reap feed cost savings and simultaneously achieve environmental benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valiollah Palangi
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (M.L.)
| | - Maximilian Lackner
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien, Hoechstaedtplatz 6, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Circe Biotechnologie GmbH, Kerpengasse 125, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (M.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang ZW, Wang YL, Chen YY, Zhang LT, Zhang YJ, Liu YQ, Guo YX, Yang HJ. The Dietary Supplemental Effect of Nitroethanol in Comparison with Monensin on Methane Emission, Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Female Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020327. [PMID: 33525565 PMCID: PMC7911303 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The objective of present study was to determine the effects of 2-nitroethanol (NEOH) in comparison with monensin on methane (CH4) emission, growth performance and carcass characteristics in female lambs. Both monensin and NEOH are potent CH4 inhibitors that can reduce dietary energy loss. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion rate were improved with monensin and NEOH addition, suggesting that NEOH in comparison with monensin presented a similarly lasting beneficial effect on feed efficiency for female lambs. In addition, monensin and NEOH increased the net muscle percentage to carcass weight (p = 0.03), and they caused a reduction in feed consumption and feed costs resulting in a higher net revenue and economic efficiency. In summary, NEOH in comparison with monensin presented a greater promoting effect on energy utilization in the female feedlotting lambs by inhibiting rumen methanogenesis more efficiently. Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the dietary supplemental effects of 2-nitroethanol (NEOH) in comparison with monensin on methane (CH4) emission, growth performance and carcass characteristics in female lambs. Sixty female, small-tailed Chinese Han lambs (3.5 ± 0.3 month) were randomly allotted into three dietary treatment groups: (1) Control group, a basal control diet, (2) monensin group, the basal diet added with 40 mg/kg monensin, (3) NEOH group, the basal diet added with 277 mg/kg nitroethanol, and the feedlotting trial lasted for 70 days. Although dietary addition of monensin and NEOH did not affect nutrient digestibility of lambs, both monensin and NEOH decreased the calculated CH4 production (12.7% vs. 17.4% decrease; p < 0.01). In addition, the CH4 production represents less dietary energy loss in the monensin and NEOH group than in the control, indicating that monensin and NEOH are potent CH4 inhibitors that can reduce dietary energy loss. Dietary addition of monensin and NEOH decreased dry matter intake (p < 0.01); however, they increased the ADG of female lambs (p < 0.01). As a result, both monensin and NEOH increased feed conversion efficiency of the feedlotting lambs (p < 0.01), suggesting that feed energy saved from CH4 production promoted the feed efficiency and ADG in the present study. Except for the fact that NEOH addition increased the net muscle percentage to carcass weight (p = 0.03), neither monensin nor NEOH had a significant influence on carcass characteristics of female lambs (p > 0.05). From an economic point of view, NEOH and monensin caused a reduction in feed consumption costs, therefore resulting in a higher net revenue and economic efficiency than the control. In summary, dietary supplementation of NEOH in comparison with monensin presented a more promoting effect on energy utilization in female lambs by inhibiting rumen methanogenesis more efficiently, and NEOH improved the net revenue and economic efficiency more significantly than monensin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.-W.Z.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-Y.C.); (L.-T.Z.)
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yan-Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.-W.Z.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-Y.C.); (L.-T.Z.)
| | - Yong-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.-W.Z.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-Y.C.); (L.-T.Z.)
| | - Luo-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.-W.Z.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-Y.C.); (L.-T.Z.)
| | - Ying-Jie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.-J.Z.); (Y.-Q.L.)
| | - Yue-Qin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.-J.Z.); (Y.-Q.L.)
| | - Yun-Xia Guo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Hong-Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.-W.Z.); (Y.-L.W.); (Y.-Y.C.); (L.-T.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu J, Bai Y, Lang X, Wang C, Shi X, Casper DP, Zhang L, Liu H, Liu T, Gong X, Liang T, Zhang R. Dietary supplementation with oregano essential oil and monensin in combination is antagonistic to growth performance of yearling Holstein bulls. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8119-8129. [PMID: 32684446 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work indicated that feeding oregano essential oil (OEO) in combination with monensin (MON) may not be mutually beneficial to dairy calf growth performance. To evaluate this observation further, a 240-d long-term growth experiment was conducted using 12 young growing Holstein bulls using a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Main factors were OEO and MON arranged in 4 individual treatments: (1) ration fed without OEO or MON (control), (2) OEO fed at 26 mg/kg of dry matter (DM), (3) MON fed at 25 mg/kg of DM, and (4) OEO and MON fed in combination (OEO+MON). Holstein bulls were 70 d of age and similar in body weight (BW; 93.3 ± 4.54 kg) and individually fed for 240 d. The targeted feeding rates of OEO and MON were blended into 200 g of concentrate and top dressed each morning to a corn stalklage-based ration. Body weights, frame measurements, and blood samples were collected monthly. Interactions of OEO by MON were detected for BW, BW gain, average daily gain, and a trend for feed conversion. Bulls fed OEO or MON demonstrated greater final BW (368, 385, 381, and 358 kg for control, OEO, MON, and OEO+MON, respectively), and BW gains (278, 292, 285, and 265 kg) and average daily gain (1.16, 1.22, 1.19, 1.11 kg/d) were greatest for bulls fed OEO or MON compared with bulls fed OEO+MON; bulls fed the control were intermediate and similar to bulls fed MON. Intake of DM was greater for bulls fed OEO (6.55, 6.99, 6.60, and 6.42 kg/d) compared with bulls fed remaining treatments. Frame growth gain measurements for heart girth, abdominal girth, withers height, body length, and cannon bone circumference were similar for bulls fed all treatments. Serum triglyceride (0.23, 0.25, 0.28, and 0.24 mmol/L) concentrations were greater for bulls fed MON compared with bulls fed the control and OEO+MON, and bulls fed OEO were intermediate and similar. Cholesterol (2.06, 2.29, 2.20, and 2.07 mmol/L) concentrations were greater for bulls fed OEO compared with bulls fed the control and OEO+MON, and bulls fed MON were intermediate and similar. Serum antioxidant measurements were similar for bulls fed all treatments. Serum IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations were similar for bulls fed all treatments. Feeding OEO or MON separately can improve growth performance of growing Holstein bulls. We do not know why the combination of OEO and MON is antagonistic to growth performance of Holstein bulls. However, these technologies should not be fed in combination to growing dairy cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wu
- Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China; Key Laboratory for Sheep, Goat, and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P. R. China; Institute of Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, No. 967 East Street Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Yan Bai
- Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730070, P. R. China; Key Laboratory for Sheep, Goat, and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P. R. China.
| | - Xia Lang
- Key Laboratory for Sheep, Goat, and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P. R. China; Animal Husbandry, Pasture, and Green Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Cailian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Sheep, Goat, and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P. R. China; Animal Husbandry, Pasture, and Green Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Shi
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | | | - Liping Zhang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Haibo Liu
- Institute of Agricultural and Economic Information, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P. R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Xuyin Gong
- Key Laboratory for Sheep, Goat, and Cattle Germplasm and Straw Feed in Gansu Province, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P. R. China; Animal Husbandry, Pasture, and Green Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 1 Agricultural Academy Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Tingyu Liang
- Institute of Rural Development, Northwest Normal University, No. 967 East Street Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village Anning, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang ZW, Wang YL, Chen YY, Wang WK, Zhang LT, Luo HL, Yang HJ. Nitroethanol in Comparison with Monensin Exhibits Greater Feed Efficiency Through Inhibiting Rumen Methanogenesis More Efficiently and Persistently in Feedlotting Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E784. [PMID: 31614547 PMCID: PMC6826695 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the dietary supplemental effects of nitroethanol (NEOH) in comparison with monensin on growth performance and estimated methane (CH4) production in feedlotting lambs. Sixty male, small-tailed Chinese Han lambs were arranged at random into three dietary treatment groups: (1) a basal control diet (CTR), (2) the basal diet added with 40 mg/kg monensin (MON), (3) the basal diet added with 277 mg/kg nitroethanol (NEOH). During the 32-day lamb feeding, monensin and nitroethanol were added in period 1 (day 0-16) and then withdrawn in the subsequent period 2 (day 17-32) to determine their withdrawal effects. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion rate in the whole period ranked: NEOH > MON > CTR (p < 0.01), suggesting that the dietary addition of NEOH in comparison with monensin presented a more lasting beneficial effect on feed efficiency. Methane emission was estimated with rumen VFA production and gross energy intake. Both monensin and NEOH addition in comparison with the control remarkably decreased CH4 emission estimate (24.0% vs. 26.4% decrease; p < 0.01) as well as CH4 emission per kg ADG (8.7% vs. 14.0% decrease; p < 0.01), but the NEOH group presented obvious lasting methanogenesis inhibition when they were withdrawn in period 2. Moreover, the in vitro methanogenic activity of rumen fluids was also decreased with monensin or NEOH addition (12.7% vs. 30.5% decrease; p < 0.01). In summary, the dietary addition of NEOH in comparison with monensin presented a greater promoting effect on growth performance in feedlotting lambs by inhibiting rumen methanogenesis more efficiently and persistently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yan-Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yong-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wei-Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Luo-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hai-Ling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hong-Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|