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Chergui M, Gherissi DE, Titaouine M, Kaouadji Z, Harek D, Koutti S, Boumaraf H, Gaouar SBS. Lactation traits and reproductive performances of Sahraoui female camel in two breeding systems at Algerian Sahara. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:70. [PMID: 38324093 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of the camel livestock system on individual and herd performances of milk production, lactation curve, fats, and protein concentrations. For this purpose, 13 she-camels of Sahraoui breed from the south eastern Algeria and belonging and semi-intensive system (N = 6) and intensive system (N = 7) were studied. Recording and sampling of milk were carried out at regular intervals during a full lactation. The lactation curve was estimated using Wood's gamma function and the t-test of independent groups was carried out to compare lactation performances, lactation curve, and reproductive parameters. The overall average daily milk (DMY), fat (DFY), and protein (DPY) yield were 6.77 ± 0.82 kg/day, 4.15 ± 0.91%, and 4.49 ± 0.20%, respectively. The mean of total milk yield (TMY) was 2696.39 ± 343.86 kg during a mean lactation length (LL) of 398.38 ± 20.65 days. The peak of milk production (6.79 ± 0.68 kg) was reached at 93.9 ± 55.8 days after calving. The open day (DO) and inter-calving interval (ICI) recorded in this study were 348.38 ± 30.33 and 723.38 ± 30.33 days, respectively. There is no significant difference (p > 0.05) between intensive and semi-intensive breeding systems for TMY (2795.39 ± 261.88 kg vs. 2580.89 ± 414.43 kg), DMY (6.96 ± 0.66 kg vs. 6.55 ± 1.00 kg), and LL (402.14 ± 21.18 days vs. 394 ± 21.03 days). However, the total amount of fat was significantly higher in intensive system (182.02 ± 33.91 kg) and the DPY content was significantly higher in semi-intensive system (4.60 ± 0.13%). The parameters α, β, and γ of lactation, fat, and protein curves between the two systems showed a highly significant difference (p < 0.01) for the parameters (α and β) for the milk production curve, significant (p < 0.05) for the time to reach peak yield, and no significance for the other parameters. The corresponding values of the coefficient of determination (R2) were 0.62, 0.35 for milk yield (p > 0.05), 0.12, 0.13 (p > 0.05) for fat, and 0.03, 0.11 (p < 0.05) for protein, in the intensive and semi-intensive systems, respectively. In addition, DO and ICI were not significantly different between the livestock systems, but were higher in the intensive system than the semi-intensive system (337.17 ± 26.26 vs. 712.17 ± 26.26, respectively). The study concluded that the intensive system had a higher milk performance with a more efficient lactation curve. The incomplete gamma model (Wood) used in this study was inappropriate for estimating milk yield, but acceptable for fat and protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moussa Chergui
- Laboratory Diversity of Ecosystems and Dynamics of Agricultural Production Systems in Arid Zones (DEDSPAZA), University of Biskra, BP 68, 07000, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Djalel Eddine Gherissi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Animal Production and Health (PABIOS), Institute of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, University of Souk Ahras, 41000, Souk Ahras, Algeria.
| | - Mohamed Titaouine
- Laboratory Diversity of Ecosystems and Dynamics of Agricultural Production Systems in Arid Zones (DEDSPAZA), University of Biskra, BP 68, 07000, Biskra, Algeria
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bio Resources (LGBVB), University of Biskra, PB 68, 07000, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Zoubeyda Kaouadji
- Applied Geneticin Agriculture, Ecology and Public Health (GenApAgiE), Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
- Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Sidi Bel Abbes, BP 89, 22000, Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria
| | - Derradji Harek
- National Institute of Agricultural Research of Algeria (INRAA), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Sassi Koutti
- Laboratory of the Promotion of Innovation in Agriculture in Arid Regions (PIARA), University of Biskra, BP 68, 07000, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Haroun Boumaraf
- Phoeniciculture Studies Research Laboratory (Phoenix), University of Ouargla, 1 Novembre 1954, 30001, Ouargla, Algeria
| | - Semir Bechir Suheil Gaouar
- Applied Geneticin Agriculture, Ecology and Public Health (GenApAgiE), Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
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Nagy PP, Skidmore JA, Juhasz J. Intensification of camel farming and milk production with special emphasis on animal health, welfare, and the biotechnology of reproduction. Anim Front 2022; 12:35-45. [PMID: 35974793 PMCID: PMC9374475 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Pal Nagy
- Farm and Veterinary Department, Emirates Industry for Camel Milk and Products, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Judit Juhasz
- Farm and Veterinary Department, Emirates Industry for Camel Milk and Products, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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DNA polymorphisms of FGFBP1, leptin, κ-casein, and αs1-casein genes and their association with reproductive performance in dromedary she-camels. Theriogenology 2021; 178:18-29. [PMID: 34749032 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In livestock, selection programs on reproductive traits are time consuming due to long generation interval and low heritability; however understanding the genetic factors that influence reproductive performance facilitates an accurate selection and genetic improvement of these quantitative traits. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the effect of lactation order and polymorphisms of FGFBP1, leptin, κ-casein, and αs1-casein genes on reproductive performance in dromedary she-camels. Blood samples were collected from one hundred she-camels using vacutainer tube containing EDTA as an anticoagulant for DNA extraction. PCR-DNA sequencing approach was performed to investigate the polymorphisms in fragments for coding sequence (CDS) parts of FGFBP1 (539-bp) and leptin (359-bp), 5'-flanking region of κ-casein (488-bp) and intervening non-coding fragment spanning from exon 4 to exon 6 (924-bp) of αs1-casein genes. Results revealed that there were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the investigated genes between enrolled she-camels except for leptin gene that elicited a monomorphic pattern. The identified SNPs allocated camels into different groups according to which animal harbored the explored SNPs. Multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) reveled that identified SNPs and parity order had significant effects on age at first calving (AFC), days open (DO), calving interval (CI), number of services/conception (NS/C) and milk yield traits. Determination coefficients (R2) value indicated also that variability in the phenotypic measurements of studied traits might be correlated with the identified SNPs in the reproduction related genes. This study highlights that parity order has a remarkable effect on reproductive performance. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the investigated genes could be also used as proxy predictors and genetic markers that permit a marker assisted selection for reproductive performance traits in dromedary she-camels.
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Hao M, Jiang J, Zhang Y, Wang S, Fu G, Zou F, Xie Y, Zhao S, Li W. Transcriptional profiling of buffalo mammary gland with different milk fat contents. Gene 2021; 802:145864. [PMID: 34352300 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Milk fat is the most important energy substance in milk and contributes to its quality and health benefits. Water buffalo milk is well known for its high milk quality with higher fat contents compared with cattle milk. Dehong buffalo is a unique local swamp breed in Yunnan Province with higher milk fat and excellent milk quality which provides a good model for the investigation of the molecular mechanisms of milk fat deposition. In this study, we used RNA-seq to obtain mammary tissue transcriptomics of buffalo with different milk fat phenotypes including high(H), medium (M)and low (L) fat content groups. Comparative analyses of buffalo among three groups yielded differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Analyzing the number of different genes among H_VS_L, H_VS_M, and M_VS_L showed the same expression pattern between H_VS_M. The increasing expression levels of genes including CSN1S1, BTN1A1, LALBA, ALDH1L2, SCD and MUC15, and down-regulated expression levels of genes containing CCL2, CRABP2, ADTRP, CLU and C4A in H_VS_L and M_VS_L were found. GO and KEGG enriched pathways revealed these DEGs involved in milk protein and fat as well as immune response. The findings would enhance the understanding of the interplay between the milk composition and immune response, which suggests that the immune capacity should be considered when we tried to improve the milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; College of Biology and Agriculture (College of Food Science and Technology), Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Juncai Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; Chongqing Institute of Medicinal Plant Cultivation, Chongqing 408435, China
| | - Yongyun Zhang
- Teaching Demonstration Center of the Basic Experiments of Agricultural Majors, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shaoqing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guowen Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Fengcai Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yuxiao Xie
- College of Biology and Agriculture (College of Food Science and Technology), Zunyi Normal College, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Sumei Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
| | - Weizhen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
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