1
|
Jang Y, Elnar AG, Hur SJ, Kim GB. Factors influencing conjugated linoleic acid content of dairy products: challenges and strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39041900 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2376111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a bioactive fatty acid that provides various physiological benefits, has gained increasing attention in the food industry, and various studies have focused on enhancing its content in dairy products. The factors influencing CLA content in dairy products vary significantly, including lactation stage, breed type, seasonality, feed, management methods of the animals, the manufacturing processes, storage, and ripening periods of the product. Additionally, the incorporation of CLA-producing probiotic bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Propionibacterium, is an emerging study in this field. Studies have revealed that factors affecting the CLA content in milk affect that in dairy products as well. Furthermore, the species and strains of CLA-producing bacteria, fermentation conditions, ripening period, and type of dairy product are also contributing factors. However, production of CLA-enhanced dairy products using CLA-producing bacteria while maintaining their optimal viability and maximizing exposure to free linoleic acid remains limited. The current review emphasized the factors affecting the CLA content and related mechanisms, challenges in the application of CLA-producing probiotic bacteria, and strategies to address these challenges and enhance CLA production in dairy products. Therefore, the development of functional dairy products with enhanced CLA levels is expected to be possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Jang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Arxel G Elnar
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Przybylska P, Kuczaj M. Relationship between Selected SNPs (g.16024A/G, g.16039T/C and g.16060A/C) of the FASN Gene and the Fat Content and Fatty Acid Profile in the Milk of Three Breeds of Cows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1934. [PMID: 38998046 PMCID: PMC11240365 DOI: 10.3390/ani14131934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Fat is an important energy and nutritional component of milk and consists of fatty acids. FASN (fatty acid synthase) is an enzyme that regulates the synthesis of fatty acids in the milk and meat of cattle. It was hypothesized that knowing the relationships between the genotypes of the tested single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the content of fat and specific fatty acids would make it possible to improve milk quality in the selection process during cattle breeding. This study aimed to analyze the relationships of SNPs (g.16024A/G, g.16039T/C) of the FASN gene and their genotypes with the fat and fatty acid content of the milk of the following breeds: Polish Red-White (ZR), Polish Red (RP), and Polish Holstein-Friesian Red-White (RW). The SNP g.16060A/C was included in the study, although its effect on the fat composition of cow's milk has not yet been widely studied. Milk was obtained during test milkings. SNP genotyping was performed using the real-time PCR (HRM) method. The milk from ZR and RP cows was more often characterized by a more favorable fatty acid profile than the milk from RW cows. This information can be used by cattle breeders and consumers of so-called functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Przybylska
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 38C, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marian Kuczaj
- Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Chelmonskiego 38C, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang S, Ren H, Qin C, Su J, Song X, Li R, Cui K, Liu Y, Shi D, Liu Q, Li Z. A Characterization and Functional Analysis of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Splicing Variants in the Buffalo Mammary Gland. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:779. [PMID: 38927715 PMCID: PMC11203352 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARG) has various splicing variants and plays essential roles in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. However, little is known about the expression pattern and effect of the PPARG on milk fat synthesis in the buffalo mammary gland. In this study, we found that only PPARG-X17 and PPARG-X21 of the splicing variant were expressed in the buffalo mammary gland. Amino acid sequence characterization showed that the proteins encoded by PPARG-X17 and PPARG-X21 are endonuclear non-secreted hydrophilic proteins. Protein domain prediction found that only the PPARG-X21-encoded protein had PPAR ligand-binding domains (NR_LBD_PPAR), which may lead to functional differences between the two splices. RNA interference (RNAi) and the overexpression of PPARG-X17 and PPARG-X21 in buffalo mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were performed. Results showed that the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes (ACACA, CD36, ACSL1, GPAT, AGPAT6, DGAT1) was significantly modified (p < 0.05) by the RNAi and overexpression of PPARG-X17 and PPARG-X21. All kinds of FAs detected in this study were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) after RNAi of PPARG-X17 or PPARG-X21. Overexpression of PPARG-X17 or PPARG-X21 significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the SFA content, while significantly increased (p < 0.05) the UFA, especially the MUFA in the BMECs. In conclusion, there are two PPARG splicing variants expressed in the BMECs that can regulate FA synthesis by altering the expression of diverse fatty acid synthesis-related genes. This study revealed the expression characteristics and functions of the PPARG gene in buffalo mammary glands and provided a reference for further understanding of fat synthesis in buffalo milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuwan Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Honghe Ren
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Chaobin Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Jie Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Xinhui Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Ruijia Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Kuiqing Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.C.); (Q.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Analysis and Test Research, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| | - Qingyou Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (K.C.); (Q.L.)
| | - Zhipeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.W.); (H.R.); (C.Q.); (J.S.); (X.S.); (R.L.); (D.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ayalew W, Wu X, Tarekegn GM, Sisay Tessema T, Naboulsi R, Van Damme R, Bongcam-Rudloff E, Edea Z, Chu M, Enquahone S, Liang C, Yan P. Whole Genome Scan Uncovers Candidate Genes Related to Milk Production Traits in Barka Cattle. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6142. [PMID: 38892330 PMCID: PMC11172929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, our primary aim was to explore the genomic landscape of Barka cattle, a breed recognized for high milk production in a semi-arid environment, by focusing on genes with known roles in milk production traits. We employed genome-wide analysis and three selective sweep detection methods (ZFST, θπ ratio, and ZHp) to identify candidate genes associated with milk production and composition traits. Notably, ACAA1, P4HTM, and SLC4A4 were consistently identified by all methods. Functional annotation highlighted their roles in crucial biological processes such as fatty acid metabolism, mammary gland development, and milk protein synthesis. These findings contribute to understanding the genetic basis of milk production in Barka cattle, presenting opportunities for enhancing dairy cattle production in tropical climates. Further validation through genome-wide association studies and transcriptomic analyses is essential to fully exploit these candidate genes for selective breeding and genetic improvement in tropical dairy cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wondossen Ayalew
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.A.); (X.W.); (M.C.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.A.); (X.W.); (M.C.)
| | - Getinet Mekuriaw Tarekegn
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia
- Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Easter Bush Campus, Roslin Institute Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Tesfaye Sisay Tessema
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Rakan Naboulsi
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institute, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Renaud Van Damme
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Bioinformatics Section, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden (E.B.-R.)
| | - Erik Bongcam-Rudloff
- Department of Animal Biosciences, Bioinformatics Section, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden (E.B.-R.)
| | - Zewdu Edea
- Ethiopian Bio and Emerging Technology Institute, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 5954, Ethiopia;
| | - Min Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.A.); (X.W.); (M.C.)
| | - Solomon Enquahone
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Chunnian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.A.); (X.W.); (M.C.)
| | - Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (W.A.); (X.W.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Song N, Ma C, Guo Y, Cui S, Chen S, Chen Z, Ling Y, Zhang Y, Liu H. Identifying differentially expressed genes in goat mammary epithelial cells induced by overexpression of SOCS3 gene using RNA sequencing. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1392152. [PMID: 38835896 PMCID: PMC11148363 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1392152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is a key signaling molecule that regulates milk synthesis in dairy livestock. However, the molecular mechanism by which SOCS3 regulates lipid synthesis in goat milk remains unclear. This study aimed to screen for key downstream genes associated with lipid synthesis regulated by SOCS3 in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Goat SOCS3 overexpression vector (PC-SOCS3) and negative control (PCDNA3.1) were transfected into GMECs. Total RNA from cells after SOCS3 overexpression was used for RNA-seq, followed by differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and network prediction. SOCS3 overexpression significantly inhibited the synthesis of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, and accumulated lipid droplets. In total, 430 DEGs were identified, including 226 downregulated and 204 upregulated genes, following SOCS3 overexpression. Functional annotation revealed that the DEGs were mainly associated with lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. We found that the lipid synthesis-related genes, STAT2 and FOXO6, were downregulated. In addition, the proliferation-related genes BCL2, MMP11, and MMP13 were upregulated, and the apoptosis-related gene CD40 was downregulated. In conclusion, six DEGs were identified as key regulators of milk lipid synthesis following SOCS3 overexpression in GMECs. Our results provide new candidate genes and insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in milk lipid synthesis regulated by SOCS3 in goats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Cunxia Ma
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuzhu Guo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuangshuang Cui
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Shihao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Furukawa S, Kawaguchi K, Chikama K, Yamada R, Kamatari YO, Lim LW, Koyama H, Inoshima Y, Ikemoto MJ, Yoshida S, Hirata Y, Furuta K, Takemori H. Simple methods for measuring milk exosomes using fluorescent compound GIF-2250/2276. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149505. [PMID: 38219490 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) found in culture supernatants, blood, and breast milk. The size of these nanocomplexes limits the methods of EV analyses. In this study, nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD), a fluorophore, conjugated endosome-lysosome imager, GIF-2250 and its derivative, GIF-2276, were evaluated for exosome analyses. A correlation was established between GIF-2250 intensity and protein maker levels in bovine milk exosomes. We found that high-temperature sterilization milk may not contain intact exosomes. For precise analysis, we synthesized GIF-2276, which allows for the covalent attachment of NBD to the Lys residue of exosome proteins, and labeled milk exosomes were separated using a gel filtration system. GIF-2276 showed chromatographic peaks of milk exosomes containing >3 ng protein. The area (quantity) and retention time (size) of the exosome peaks were correlated to biological activity (NO synthesis suppression in RAW264.7 murine macrophages). Heat denaturation of purified milk-derived exosomes disrupted these indicators. Proteome analyses revealed GIF-2276-labeled immunomodulators, such as butyrophilin subfamily 1 member A1 and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor. The immunogenicity and quantity of these factors decreased by heat denaturation. When milk exosomes were purified from market-sourced milk we found that raw and low-temperature sterilization milk samples, contained exosomes (none in high-temperature sterilization milk). These results were also supported by transmission electron microscopy analyses. We also found that GIF-2276 could monitor exosome transportation into HEK293 cells. These results suggested that GIF-2250/2276 may be helpful to evaluate milk exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saho Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kyoka Kawaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kotomi Chikama
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yuji O Kamatari
- Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences of Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Lee Wah Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroko Koyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences of Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuo Inoshima
- Laboratory of Food and Environmental Hygiene, Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mitsushi J Ikemoto
- Health and Medical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan; Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8574, Japan
| | - Saishi Yoshida
- Seki Gyunyu Co. Ltd, 41, Kannonmae, Seki, Gifu, 501-3835, Japan
| | - Yoko Hirata
- Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kyoji Furuta
- GIFU EXOSOME Co. Ltd, 1-11-9, Yabuta-minani, Gifu, 500-8384, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takemori
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; The United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences of Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; GIFU EXOSOME Co. Ltd, 1-11-9, Yabuta-minani, Gifu, 500-8384, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Igoshin AV, Mishakova TM, Aitnazarov RB, Ilina AV, Larkin DM, Yudin NS. Association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the LPIN1 gene with milk production traits in cows of the Yaroslavl breed. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2024; 28:117-125. [PMID: 38465251 PMCID: PMC10917680 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-24-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipin-1 is a member of the evolutionarily conserved family of proteins and is expressed predominantly in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. On the one hand, lipin-1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol (DAG) and thus participates in the metabolic pathways of biosynthesis of storage lipids in the cell, membrane phospholipids, and intracellular signaling molecules. On the other hand, lipin-1 is able to be transported from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and is a coactivator of lipid metabolism gene transcription. It was shown, using the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations, that the lipin-1 coding gene (LPIN1) is a promising candidate gene for milk production traits in Holstein and Brown Swiss cows. However, it is unclear how much of its effect depends on the breed. The Yaroslavl dairy cattle breed was created in the 18-19 centuries in Russia by breeding northern Great Russian cattle, which were short and poor productive, but well adapted to local climatic conditions and bad food base. It was shown by whole genome genotyping and sequencing that the Yaroslavl breed has unique genetics compared to Russian and other cattle breeds. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of alleles and genotypes of three SNPs in the LPIN1 gene and to study the association of these SNPs with milk production traits in Yaroslavl cows. Blood samples from 142 cows of the Yaroslavl breed were obtained from two farms in the Yaroslavl region. Genotyping of SNPs was carried out by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Associations of SNPs with 305-day milk yield, fat yield, fat percentages, protein yield, and protein percentages were studied from the first to the fourth lactation. Statistical tests were carried out using a mixed linear model, taking into account the relationship between individuals. We identified three SNPs - rs110871255, rs207681322 and rs109039955 with a frequency of a rare allele of 0.042-0.261 in Yaroslavl cows. SNP rs110871255 was associated with fat yield during the third and fourth lactations. SNP rs207681322 was associated with milk yield for the second, third and fourth lactations, as well as protein yield for the third lactation. Thus, we identified significant associations of SNPs rs207681322 and rs110871255 in the LPIN1 gene with a number of milk production traits during several lactations in Yaroslavl cows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A V Igoshin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - T M Mishakova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - R B Aitnazarov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A V Ilina
- Federal Williams Research Center for Forage Production and Agroecology, Scientific Research Institute of Livestock Breeding and Forage Production, Yaroslavl Region, Russia
| | - D M Larkin
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - N S Yudin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|