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Li B, Han L, Li L. Construction of ecological security pattern in combination with landslide sensitivity: A case study of Yan'an City, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121765. [PMID: 39029175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The ecological security pattern can harmonize the relationship between natural environmental protection and socio-economic development. This study proposes a regional ecological security pattern optimization framework by integrating theory and practice with landslide sensitivity and landscape structure. Using Yan'an City as an example, this study optimizes the landscape layout of preliminary ecological sources. The landslide sensitivity index is generated using the information value model and then used to adjust the ecological resistance surface. The Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) approach is used to extract ecological corridors, locate ecological nodes utilizing circuit theory, and outline crucial ecological control areas. The results demonstrate: (1) the ecological sources are primarily composed of forestlands, with a total area of 2,352.2400 km2, concentrated in the southwest, central, and southeast regions. The optimal landscape granularity for the source patches is 600 m. (2) Yan'an is divided into four landslide sensitivity level zones: extremely high, high, medium, and low, with the overall landslide sensitivity of the region being high. (3) The highest ecological resistance is observed in built-up land and the lowest in forestland. The total number of ecological corridors is 26, avoiding most of the highly sensitive areas of landslides. (4) The number of ecological pinch points is 61, while the ecological barrier points amounted to 54. The critical ecological control areas consist mainly of cropland, forestland, and grassland, and differentiated restoration strategies are proposed to address their unique characteristics. The findings of the research can offer scientific guidance for the practice of ecological security protection in geohazard-prone areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, North Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710064, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Ling Han
- School of Land Engineering, Chang'an University, North Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710064, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, North Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710064, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Liangzhi Li
- College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang'an University, North Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710064, Shaanxi, China.
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Zhang Z, Hu B, Jiang W, Qiu H. Construction of ecological security pattern based on ecological carrying capacity assessment 1990–2040: A case study of the Southwest Guangxi Karst - Beibu Gulf. Ecol Modell 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Aguilera MA, Rojas A, Bulleri F, Thiel M. Breakwaters as habitats for synanthropes: Spatial associations of vertebrates and vegetation with anthropogenic litter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160753. [PMID: 36513231 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Urban infrastructures can provide 'novel' habitats for marine and terrestrial animals and plants, enhancing their ability to adapt to urban environments. In particular, coastal infrastructures characterized by a complex three-dimensional morphology, such as breakwaters, could provide species refuges and food. We investigated the role of breakwaters in providing habitat for vertebrates and plants, and the influence of anthropogenic litter in regulating the value of these structures as habitat. We sampled vertebrate and plant species and quantified the amount of anthropogenic litter on breakwaters and adjacent rocky habitats at several sites in three different countries (Italy, Spain and Chile). We found breakwaters to accumulate more litter items (e.g. especially plastics) than adjacent rocky habitats by means of their large-scale (i.e., 1 m) structural complexity. Birds, which used the artificial infrastructure as transitory habitat, reached similar abundances in breakwaters compared with adjacent rocky platforms. In contrast, synanthropic mammal species, such as Rattus norvegicus and feral cats, were slightly more frequent on breakwaters and appeared to use them as permanent habitat. Plants were frequent in the upper zone of breakwaters and, even though many macrophyte species can trap litter, their cover correlated negatively with anthropogenic litter density. Therefore, breakwaters provide either transitory or permanent habitats for different species, despite functioning as a sink for anthropogenic litter. Thus, new infrastructure should be designed with lower structural complexity in their supralittoral zone limiting the proliferation of synanthropic species. In addition, restricting public access to sensitive areas and enforcing littering fines could enhance the ecological value of these novel habitats by reducing the benefits to pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés A Aguilera
- Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Diagonal Las Torres, 2640 Peñalolén, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ariel Rojas
- Departamento de Calidad y Laboratorio, Empresa AQUADEUS S.L. Crta. El ballestero, Km. 2, 02340 Robledo, Albacete, Spain
| | - Fabio Bulleri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Pisa, CoNISMa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Martin Thiel
- Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo, 1281 Coquimbo, Chile; Center for Ecology and Sustainable Management of Oceanic Islands, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile; Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile
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Wang Z, Zhang J, Chen J, Gao H, Li J, Li M. Determining the ecological security pattern and important ecological regions based on the supply-demand of ecosystem services: A case study of Xuzhou City, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1087588. [PMID: 36866100 PMCID: PMC9971807 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1087588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The supply-demand for ecosystem services (ESs) is the bridge between ecological security patterns (ESPs) and human wellbeing. This study proposed a research framework of ESP of "supply-demand-corridor-node" and took Xuzhou, China, as a research case, providing a new perspective for the construction of ESPs. The framework was divided into four sections: identifying the ecological source based on the ESs supply; utilizing multi-source economic-social data to characterize the demand of ESs and constructing a resistance surface; defining the ecological corridor in the study area by employing the Linkage Mapper; and identifying crucial ecological protection/restoration areas along the ecological corridor. The results showed that the area of the supply source of ESs in Xuzhou City is 573.89 km2, accounting for 5.19% of the city's total area. The spatial distribution of 105 ecological corridors revealed that there were multiple and dense ecological corridors in the middle of the city, but few in the northwest and southeast. A total of 14 ecological protection areas were located primarily in the south of the urban area, and 10 ecological restoration areas were located primarily in the middle and north of the urban area, with a total area of 4.74 km2. The findings of this article will be useful in developing ESPs and determining important ecological protection/restoration areas in Xuzhou, China. The research framework could potentially be used in other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- School of Geography, Geomatics and Planning, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchang Chen
- Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huizhi Gao
- Guangzhou Urban Planning and Design Survey Research Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhan Li
- School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Yuan Z, Li W, Wang Y, Zhu D, Wang Q, Liu Y, Zhou L. Ecosystem Health Evaluation and Ecological Security Patterns Construction Based on VORSD and Circuit Theory: A Case Study in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region in Chongqing, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:320. [PMID: 36612641 PMCID: PMC9819774 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Constructing ecological security patterns (ESPs) is an important approach to maintaining regional ecological security and achieving sustainable development. Most previous studies on ESPs mainly focused on the supply of ecosystem services (ESs) yet did not fully consider the ecosystem health and human demand for ESs, which lacked evaluation from the perspective of human nature. Therefore, based on ecosystem health and ESs demand, this paper constructed the "vigor, organization, resilience, ESs supply-demand ratio" (VORSD) ecosystem health evaluation system and combined it with circuit theory to develop a new and comprehensive ESPs identification framework. Taking the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Chongqing section (TGRAC) as a case study, the results showed that the general ecosystem health of the TGRAC was not optimistic, and there was still a long way to go for ecological treatment and restoration. From the perspective of spatial distribution, there were significant differences in the ecosystem health between regions, and the eastern region was higher than the western region. The ecological sources area of the TGRAC was about 25,350.16 km2, mainly distributed in the northeast and southeast of forestland, grassland, and cultivated land. The total length of ecological corridors was 2291.41 km, linking the northeastern, southeastern, middle, and southwestern regions of the TGRAC. There were 82 ecological nodes and 30 ecological barriers, most of which were concentrated on the construction land and cultivated land in the southwest and should be regarded as priority areas for ecological conservation. The research results verify the regional suitability and rationality of integrating the VORSD model and circuit theory to construct ESPs, which can provide an important reference for regional ecological protection and land use pattern optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yuan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Weijie Li
- School of Geographical Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dayun Zhu
- School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Jin L, Xu Q, Yi J, Zhong X. Integrating CVOR-GWLR-Circuit model into construction of ecological security pattern in Yunnan Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:81520-81545. [PMID: 35731436 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the traditional construction of ecological security pattern, the minimum cost path is extracted as the ecological corridor based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, and the ecological nodes are identified manually. This method lacks the consideration of the exchange process of energy flow and information flow in the ecological process, resulting in a certain lack of ecological security pattern in structure and function. Therefore, an ecological security pattern construction method integrating CVOR-GWLR-Circuit model is proposed to solve the above problems by transforming natural background data into localized correction variables and adding them to the ecological security pattern evaluation model. Taking Yunnan Province as an example, firstly, the ecological security evaluation system of "Contribution, Vigor, Organization, Resilience" (CVOR) is constructed based on the importance of ecosystem services and ecosystem health, and the ecological security of Yunnan Province in 2020 is evaluated, and the ecological source areas are identified combined with nature reserves. Then, the ecological resistance surface was constructed by considering land use data and topographic factors, and the landslide sensitivity evaluation model was constructed based on geographically weighted logistic regression model (GWLR) to correct the basic resistance surface. Finally, the circuit theory model is used to extract the ecological corridor and construct the ecological security pattern in Yunnan Province. The ecological pinch points and barriers in the ecological corridor are diagnosed by the current density, so as to identify the width of the ecological corridor and identify the key areas of ecological protection and restoration. The results showed that the ecological sources area of Yunnan Province was about 69,417.78 km2, accounting for 17.6% of the total area of the study area, mainly distributed in Dehong Prefecture, southwest Yunnan, Diqing Prefecture and Nujiang Prefecture in northwest Yunnan. A total of 780 ecological corridors were generated between the ecological sources, with a total length of about 197,598.2 km, an average length of 253.3 km, and the longest path length of 932.1 km. The ecological corridors are "spider web", linking southwest, northwest, northeast, central and southeast Yunnan Province. 36 ecological pinch points and 42 ecological barriers were identified. The research results verify that the ecological security pattern constructed by integrated CVOR-GWLR-Circuit model is more reasonable, which can provide scientific basis for regional ecological protection planning and ecological corridors design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Jin
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
- GIS Technology Engineering Research Centre for West-China Resources and Environment of Education-Al Ministry, Kunming, 650500, China
- Center for Geospatial Information Engineering and Technology of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, China
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing for Universities in Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Quanli Xu
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China.
- GIS Technology Engineering Research Centre for West-China Resources and Environment of Education-Al Ministry, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Center for Geospatial Information Engineering and Technology of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, China.
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing for Universities in Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Junhua Yi
- Geomatics Engineering Faculty, Kunming Metallurgy College, Kunming, 650033, China
| | - Xincheng Zhong
- Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
- GIS Technology Engineering Research Centre for West-China Resources and Environment of Education-Al Ministry, Kunming, 650500, China
- Center for Geospatial Information Engineering and Technology of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650500, China
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing for Universities in Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
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Shen J, Wang Y. An improved method for the identification and setting of ecological corridors in urbanized areas. Urban Ecosyst 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-022-01298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Huang K, Peng L, Wang X, Deng W. Integrating circuit theory and landscape pattern index to identify and optimize ecological networks: a case study of the Sichuan Basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:66874-66887. [PMID: 35513614 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The notion of ecological networks (EN) and their identification can support approaches to nature conservation strategies aiming at biodiversity, landscape connectivity, and people's well-being. Integrating ecosystem services (ESs), morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA), circuit theory, and landscape pattern index analysis, we proposed a new framework for mapping EN that was expected to promote economic development and ecological protection. Specifically, source areas were extracted through a combination of ESs and MSPA that integrated functional and morphological spatial attributes. Resistance surfaces were determined based on habitat quality. A network linking ecological source areas was then identified using circuit theory, and landscape pattern index analysis was used to identify ecological strategy nodes in view of the heterogeneity within ecological corridors. The results showed that the Sichuan Basin involved 553 ecological sources, 641 ecological corridors, and 33 ecological nodes that altogether included 20 ecological strategy nodes. Constructing regional EN can promote the transformation of multiple, chaotic, and scattered ecological elements to systematic and networked ecological elements and ultimately promote harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. This study provided a methodology for the extraction of ecological source areas and strategy nodes and can provide a significant reference for the management and optimization of EN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Huang
- College of Geography and Resources, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Li Peng
- College of Geography and Resources, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China.
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- College of Geography and Resources, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
| | - Wei Deng
- College of Geography and Resources, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, China
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Li Y, Zhao J, Yuan J, Ji P, Deng X, Yang Y. Constructing the Ecological Security Pattern of Nujiang Prefecture Based on the Framework of "Importance-Sensitivity-Connectivity". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10869. [PMID: 36078587 PMCID: PMC9518062 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Constructing an ecological security pattern is vital to guaranteeing regional ecological security. The terrain and geomorphology of the alpine valley are complex and sensitive, meaning it is difficult to construct ecological security patterns. Therefore, the study takes Nujiang Prefecture as the study area and builds an "Importance-Sensitivity-Connectivity" (Importance of ecosystem service, eco-environmental sensitivity, and landscape connectivity) framework to carry on the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological security and identification of ecological sources. Furthermore, we constructed an ecological resistance surface using land-use type. Using the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model, the study identifies the ecological corridors and nodes to build ecological security patterns to optimize the ecological spatial structure of Nujiang Prefecture. The results showed that (1) the importance of ecosystem services was higher in the west and lower in the east. The high-sensitive areas of the ecological environment were distributed discontinuously along the banks of the Nujiang and the Lantsang River, and the areas with high landscape connectivity were distributed in patches in the Gaoligong Mountain Nature Reserve and the Biluo Snow Mountain. (2) The overall ecological security was in a good state, and the ecologically insecure areas were primarily distributed in Lanping County and the southeast region of Lushui City. (3) The primary ecological source area was identified to be 3281.35 km2 and the secondary ecological source area to be 4224.64 km2. (4) In total, 26 primary ecological corridors, 39 secondary ecological corridors, and 82 ecological nodes were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Li
- College of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Juanzhen Zhao
- College of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- College of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
- Chongqing Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Peikun Ji
- College of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xuanlun Deng
- College of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yiming Yang
- College of Earth Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Fu B, Ma R, Yang Y, Lü Y, Wu X. Identifying ecological security patterns based on the supply, demand and sensitivity of ecosystem service: A case study in the Yellow River Basin, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 315:115158. [PMID: 35525045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ecological security is the basis for ecosystems to provide various ecosystem services (ESs) to humans. Identifying ecological security patterns (ESPs) is an effective approach to determine the priority conservation areas and ensure regional ecological security. However, most previous studies on ESPs were based mainly on the supply of ESs, while the demand and sensitivity of ESs were not fully considered. In this study, a comprehensive ESP identification framework was developed by integrating the supply, demand and sensitivity of ESs with the fuzzy multicriteria decision-making and circuit theory. Taking the Yellow River Basin (YRB) as a case study, our results show that the ecological sources (139,633 km2 or 17.3%) of the YRB were located mainly in the transition area between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau, and in the Qinling Mountains and eastern plains; these areas reliably exhibited high conservation efficiency and low decision-making risk and tradeoff levels. However, the northern and western YRB had few ecological sources due to mismatches among the supply, demand and sensitivity of ESs. Based on circuit theory, ecological corridors (36,905 m and 76,878 km2) effectively connected the western, southern and eastern parts of the YRB. These ecological sources and corridors were both dominated by grassland, forest and cropland. However, ten pinch points, primarily covered by cropland, were also recognized in the eastern YRB and should be considered as priority areas for ecological conservation. Moreover, our results indicate that this comprehensive ESP identification framework could provide useful guidance to decision-makers for maintaining ESs and ecological conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhengyuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bojie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ruiming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yihe Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Construction of an Ecological Network Based on an Integrated Approach and Circuit Theory: A Case Study of Panzhou in Guizhou Province. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Protecting ecological security has become the backbone of social and economic development since declines in ecological quality due to an increase in human dominance over the natural environment. The establishment of ecological networks is an effective, comprehensive spatial regulation means to ensure regional ecological security. Panzhou city, as a case study, is a typical karst county and has been confronted with the pressure of ecological degradation in recent decades. In this study, an integrated approach combining ecological quality (EQ), ecosystem function importance (EFI), and morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) was developed to determine the ecological sources. Ecological corridors, ecological pinch areas, and ecological barriers were extracted using circuit theory to identify the restored and conserved priority areas of ecological security patterns. The results showed that (1) the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) and EFI exhibited typical geographical distributions, with the highest values concentrated in the northern and southern parts of the study area and the lowest values scattered in the middle part; (2) 26 patches with forestland, grassland, and waterbodies as the main land cover types were selected as the ecological sources; (3) 63 ecological corridors, composed of 45 key ecological corridors and 18 inactive ecological corridors, were extracted, accounting for 203.12 km and 163.31 km, respectively; (4) 82.76 km2 of pinch areas and 320.29 km2 of barriers were identified, both of which were distributed on key ecological corridors and played different roles in ecological security; and (5) 4 types of ecological security zones were established according to ecological sources, corridors, pinch areas, and barriers. This integrated approach provides a scientific method for the identification and implementation of ecological networks that can contribute to protecting regional ecological security. Our findings can serve as applicable and reasonable guidance to land administrators and policy-makers for adopting suitable territorial spatial planning, urban planning, green cities, etc.
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Wang F, Yuan X, Zhou L, Zhang M. Integrating ecosystem services and landscape connectivity to construct and optimize ecological security patterns: a case study in the central urban area Chongqing municipality, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:43138-43154. [PMID: 35091941 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization is often accompanied by the irrational utilization of natural resources and environmental degradation. Ecological security pattern (ESP) is an effective way for rational allocation of resources, which is conducive to achieving sustainable development. Taking the central urban area Chongqing municipality as the study area, ecological sources were identified by integrating ecosystem services and landscape connectivity. Combining natural and anthropogenic factors, a resistance surface was constructed and modified, and four ecological function zones were determined. Ecological corridors were extracted and prioritized by Linkage Mapper and the gravity model, and ecological nodes were also obtained. A network connectivity assessment was performed to compare the connectivity of ESPs before and after optimization. The results showed that ESPs included 2453.72 km2 of ecological sources, 189 ecological corridors, 69 ecological nodes and 4 ecological function zones. The ecological sources primarily consisted of forestland, cultivated land and water bodies in Jinyun, Zhongliang, Tongluo, Mingyue and other mountainous areas, with the maximum distribution index value at the tenth level of the terrain niche index gradient. The Yangtze River and Jialing River were also the most important ecological sources. Ecological corridors were mainly dominated by forestland and cultivated land. Ecological nodes were concentrated in Yubei, Banan and Jiulongpo districts. The optimized ESPs had higher network connectivity and closure, with a more uniform distribution of ecological corridors, and included 2461.95 km2 of ecological sources, 218 ecological corridors and 72 ecological nodes. Finally, recommendations for sustainable development were proposed. This study provides a theoretical reference for decision-making related to ecological protection and urban planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Control of Water Level Fluctuating Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Control of Water Level Fluctuating Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Lilei Zhou
- College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Control of Water Level Fluctuating Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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von Merten S, Oliveira FG, Tapisso JT, Pustelnik A, Mathias MDL, Rychlik L. Urban populations of shrews show larger behavioural differences among individuals than rural populations. Anim Behav 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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RSEI-Based Modeling of Ecological Security and Its Spatial Impacts on Soil Quality: A Case Study of Dayu, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization and industrialization have brought serious threats to urban ecological security, which refers to the health and integrity of urban ecosystems. By collecting multi-source data in the modeling of the ecological security pattern, we used the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) to identify the ecological sources (ESOs), and applied five indicators to construct the resistance surface, including land-use type, normalized vegetation index (NDVI), normalized building index (NDBI), slope, and digital elevation model (DEM). Based on the ESOs and ecological resistance surface, we calculated the cost distance of each pixel to the nearest ESO using the minimum cumulative resistance model. With the natural breakpoint method, we classified the cost distance into five levels, and constructed the ecological security pattern of Dayu. In Dayu, there were areas of at least 40% with stable ecological security. We identified 39, 31, and 43 ESOs of Dayu in 2012, 2016, and 2020, respectively. During 2012 to 2016, the number of medium ESOs decreased from 16 to 5, and the number of small ESOs increased from 13 to 26. From 2016 to 2020, the number of medium-sized ESOs increased from 5 to 18, and the number of small-sized ESOs decreased from 26 to 20. The percentage of the Level-5 (the worst) ecological security was 5.84% in 2012, 6.80% in 2016, and 4.42% in 2020. The ecological security was negatively correlated with the intensity of the human activities and varied significantly in different towns. The soil quality was positively consistent with the ecological security, and the urbanization caused damage to the soil security. A few suggestions were finally provided for decision-makers to improve the ecological environments and the soil quality.
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15
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Seitz B, Buchholz S, Kowarik I, Herrmann J, Neuerburg L, Wendler J, Winker L, Egerer M. Land sharing between cultivated and wild plants: urban gardens as hotspots for plant diversity in cities. Urban Ecosyst 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-021-01198-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AbstractPlant communities in urban gardens consist of cultivated species, including ornamentals and food crops, and wild growing species. Yet it remains unclear what significance urban gardens have for the plant diversity in cities and how the diversity of cultivated and wild plants depends on the level of urbanization. We sampled plants growing within 18 community gardens in Berlin, Germany to investigate the species diversity of cultivated and wild plants. We tested species diversity in relation to local and landscape-scale imperviousness as a measure of urbanity, and we investigated the relationship between cultivated and wild plant species within the gardens. We found that numbers of wild and cultivated plant species in gardens are high – especially of wild plant species – independent of landscape-scale imperviousness. This suggests that all community gardens, regardless of their urban contexts, can be important habitats for plant diversity along with their role in urban food provision. However, the number of all species was negatively predicted by local garden scale imperviousness, suggesting an opportunity to reduce imperviousness and create more habitats for plants at the garden scale. Finally, we found a positive relationship between the number of cultivated and wild growing species, which emphasizes that community gardens present a unique urban ecosystem where land sharing between cultivated and wild flora can transpire. As the urban agriculture movement is flourishing worldwide with gardens continuously and spontaneously arising and dissipating due to urban densification, such botanical investigations can support the argument that gardens are places for the reconciliation of plant conservation and food production.
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16
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Dissimilar use of an external heat source for thermoregulation by shrews from different geographic regions. J Therm Biol 2022; 104:103193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Importance of Ecological Land in Arid Hilly Cities in Northwest China: A Case Study of the Core Urban Area of Lanzhou. LAND 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/land10090942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cities in hilly arid areas of northwest China have generally experienced a low level of economic development; they also have unique natural characteristics such as climate, soil, terrain, environment, and surface cover. High quality ecological lands are those that provide humans and the environment with relatively high levels of ecological services including soil, water, and air purification, adsorbing pollutants, or providing water or nutrients needed by plants. In this study, ecological lands were classified as woodland, grassland, water area, and bare land. The present study constructed an ecological land model designed to evaluate the importance of such land from the perspective of ecological service function and ecological demand intensity. Results revealed that: (1) This model can help researchers to better analyze the structure and spatial characteristics of ecological land in cities and also meet the needs of ecological protection and urban management in highly urbanized areas. (2) In terms of ecological service function and ecological demand intensity, the most important ecological land is mostly distributed in densely populated and urbanized areas, and the spread of urbanization is conducive to the improvement of land ecological value for the arid hilly area of northwest China. (3) Among all types of ecological land, the water area had the highest ecological value in the study area, while the grassland had the most potential for improvement, as careful planning and use can allow grassland to function as an ecological barrier while providing good, aesthetically pleasing space for leisure activities for the general public. (4) Qilihe and Xigu districts have more generally important graded areas of forest, grassland, and bare land, although the current ecological value of these lands is limited, though they have great potential for ecological improvement.
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Avolio ML, Swan C, Pataki DE, Jenerette GD. Incorporating human behaviors into theories of urban community assembly and species coexistence. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L. Avolio
- Dept of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins Univ. Baltimore MD USA
| | - Christopher Swan
- Dept of Geography and Environmental Systems, Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA
| | - Diane E. Pataki
- School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA
| | - G. Darrel Jenerette
- Dept of Botany and Plant Sciences, Univ. of California Riverside Riverside CA USA
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Kang J, Zhang X, Zhu X, Zhang B. Ecological security pattern: A new idea for balancing regional development and ecological protection. A case study of the Jiaodong Peninsula, China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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20
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Behavioral responses of rural and urban greater white-toothed shrews (Crocidura russula) to sound disturbance. Urban Ecosyst 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-01079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Perry KI, Hoekstra NC, Delgado de la Flor YA, Gardiner MM. Disentangling landscape and local drivers of ground-dwelling beetle community assembly in an urban ecosystem. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02191. [PMID: 32510694 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Community assembly is the process by which local communities are organized and maintained from the regional species pool. Understanding processes of insect assembly are of interest in "shrinking" cities where vacant land has become abundant as a result of protracted economic decline and population loss. Vacant land represents a viable conservation space for insects such as beetles that contribute to ecosystem services including pest suppression, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. However, the inherent heterogeneity of cities may pose challenges for beetle dispersal from source populations, while quality of the urban environment may constrain establishment. The objective of this study was to investigate the constraints to ground-dwelling beetle community assembly in vacant lots and pocket prairies of Cleveland, Ohio using a functional trait-based approach. Functional traits with a strong predictive capacity for ecological functions were measured on beetle species collected via pitfall traps. Assembly of beetle communities was primarily constrained by dispersal limitations to colonization. Over 93% of species found within treatments were capable of flight, and functional diversity of beetle communities was higher across all treatments than expected by chance. Once beetles colonized, successful establishment was influenced by heavy metal contamination and mowing frequency, with these disturbances shaping communities based on body size, antennae length, and origin. Colonization of dispersal-limited species could be facilitated by increasing connectivity among greenspaces in cities, while establishment could be enhanced by managing local environmental conditions. Understanding how insect communities are structured in urban ecosystems provides context for observed patterns of biodiversity, advances conservation efforts, and fosters ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla I Perry
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Nicole C Hoekstra
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, Ohio, 44691, USA
| | | | - Mary M Gardiner
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
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22
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Wang C, Yu C, Chen T, Feng Z, Hu Y, Wu K. Can the establishment of ecological security patterns improve ecological protection? An example of Nanchang, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:140051. [PMID: 32559540 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Establishing ecological security patterns provides new ideas for maintaining regional ecological security. Methods for establishing these patterns have been extensively investigated in several studies, but the ecological protection effects of these patterns need further examination. Nanchang is the capital city of Jiangxi province and a typical representative of rapidly developing cities. With the proposal of an ecological environment protection plan for Nanchang metropolitan area, the coordinated development of ecology, economy and society has become the local development goal. This study used Nanchang City as an example for the establishment of an ecological security pattern through the circuit theory. The ecological sources of a 1068.56 km2 location and 20 ecological corridors with a total area of 957.39 km2 were identified. Three development scenarios in 2015-2040 were set up, namely, unrestricted development (UD), core area protection (CP) and ecological security pattern restriction (ESPR) scenarios. The UD scenario followed the land expansion rate from 2010 to 2015. The CP scenario used a nature reserve as a forbidden conversion area. Under the ESPR scenario, ecological security pattern was regarded as a prohibited conversion area. The CLUMondo model was used in simulating land use and evaluating the ecological protection effects of the scenarios. Through comparison, we determined that the ecological security indices under UD, CP and ESPR were 0.230, 0.242 and 0.249, respectively, from the perspective of the overall ecological security of the region. In the evaluation of the landscape characteristics of EL, under ESPR, the landscape connectivity was the best. The detailed analysis results showed that the ecological security pattern not only could protect the regional ecological security on the regional scale but also had an outstanding protection effect on the local scale. In summary, compared with the UD and CP scenarios, ecological security patterns had a better effect on regional ecological protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Wang
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chaoyue Yu
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianqian Chen
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhe Feng
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China.
| | - Yecui Hu
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China
| | - Kening Wu
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China
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23
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Oliveira FG, Mathias MDL, Rychlik L, Tapisso JT, von Merten S. Metabolic and behavioral adaptations of greater white-toothed shrews to urban conditions. Behav Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The global trend of urbanization is creating novel challenges for many animal species. Studies investigating behavioral differences between rural and urban populations often report a general increase in risk-taking behaviors in urban populations. According to the most common energy management model (the performance model), behaviors that increase access to resources, such as aggression and boldness, and behaviors that consume net energy, like locomotion and stress responses, are both positively correlated to resting metabolic rate (RMR). Thus, we expect urban populations to not only exhibit a higher level of risk-taking behavior but also a higher RMR. However, these interactions remain poorly investigated. Our main goal was to analyze the relationship between RMR and risk-taking behaviors in the greater white-toothed shrew (Crocidura russula) in rural versus urban populations. Trapped shrews were brought to captivity where we measured RMR, boldness, and exploration rate three times in each individual. Our findings revealed that urban shrews were indeed bolder and more exploratory, but contrary to our expectations, their RMR was lower than that of rural shrews. This is likely explained by differences in the environmental conditions of these two habitats, such as higher ambient temperatures and/or lower prey availability in cities. When looking at each population separately, this relationship remained similar: urban shrews with a higher RMR were less bold, and rural shrews with a higher RMR showed a lower exploration rate. We conclude that the energetic strategy of C. russula is dependent on the environmental and observational context and cannot be explained by the performance model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio G Oliveira
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria da Luz Mathias
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leszek Rychlik
- Department of Systematic Zoology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joaquim T Tapisso
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sophie von Merten
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
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24
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Beaugeard E, Brischoux F, Angelier F. Green infrastructures and ecological corridors shape avian biodiversity in a small French city. Urban Ecosyst 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-01062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Population increase and synurbization of the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis in some wooded areas of Warsaw agglomeration, Poland, in the years 1983–2018. Urban Ecosyst 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-020-01046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractStudies on the contribution of the yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis and of other vertebrates to the diet of the tawny owl Strix aluco were carried out in Warsaw (central Poland) in the years 1983–2018. The frequency of the yellow-necked mouse in owl pellets increased at the break of the 20th and 21st centuries, particularly in some woodlands in the peri-urban area of the agglomeration. In the second half of the first decade of the twenty-first century, this mouse species colonised a park in the city centre. The yellow-necked mouse may become an important competitor for the synurbic population of the striped field mouse Apodemus agrarius.
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26
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Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Landscape Connectivity and Ecological Network Construction in Long Yangxia Basin at the Upper Yellow River. LAND 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/land9080265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Analyzing multi-scale changes in landscape connectivity is an important way to study landscape ecological processes and also an important method to maintain regional biodiversity. In this study, graph-based connectivity was used to analyze the dynamics of the connectivity of natural habitats in the Long Yangxia basin of upper Yellow River valley from 1995 to 2015. We used the core areas of the nature reserves as the source regions to construct ecological networks under different thresholds, so as to identify key areas that can maintain overall landscape connectivity. The results showed that, from 1995 to 2015, the landscape connectivity in the study area increased for the first 10 years, and, since 2005, has declined. On a spatial scale, we found that both the connectivity of the ecological network and the length of the corridor increased with landscape resistance. Our analysis demonstrates the importance of the natural habitat in the southern part of the study area where connectivity was higher, as well as the sensitivity of connectivity of the northern area to human activities. Both large and medium patches contribute greatly to the overall landscape connectivity, while attention needs to be paid to the protection and management of small patches as they played “stepping stone” roles in maintaining and improving landscape connectivity. The proportions of landscape types that served as corridors, listed in order of their contribution to connectivity, were grassland, forestland, wetland and cultivated land. This suggests that, in addition to focusing on the protection of grassland and forest land, the reasonable planning and utilization of wetland and cultivated land will also have an impact on landscape connectivity. In addition, the protection of and improvement in habitats in the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve is of great significance to enhance landscape connectivity. Our study provides a scientific basis to support and improve regional landscape connectivity and biodiversity conservation over the next decade.
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Huang J, Hu Y, Zheng F. Research on recognition and protection of ecological security patterns based on circuit theory: a case study of Jinan City. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12414-12427. [PMID: 31993899 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Accelerated urbanization and population growth have resulted in the loss of ecological land and biodiversity, accompanied by the degradation of ecosystem services. Identifying and improving existing ecological security patterns are of great significance for maintaining the sustainable development of cities. In this study, Jinan, the capital of China's Shandong Province, was used as a case study area. Based on three ecosystem services, namely, soil conservation, water conservation and carbon fixation, ecological sources were determined. Furthermore, a resistance surface was constructed based on biodiversity. On these bases, the circuit theory concept of random walks was applied to simulate ecosystem processes in a heterogeneous landscape and identify ecological corridors, pinch points and barriers. A total of 25 ecological sources, 48 ecological corridors and 19 pinch points were identified, and restoration areas were delimited to three levels. These elements together constituted the ecological security patterns. Specifically, the ecological sources were mainly distributed in southern Jinan and were covered mostly with forest land. The ecological corridors were located mainly in the eastern and southwestern plains below the southern mountainous areas and were covered mostly with cropland. Furthermore, the eastern corridors were much longer than the southwestern corridors. Pinch points were distributed mostly along rivers or around large-scale construction land. Barriers were distributed mainly in Zhangqiu District and northern Licheng District. Based on these findings, hierarchical restoration areas were delimited. Differentiated development contradictions in restoration areas were discussed, and corresponding ecological protection measures were proposed. An ecological security optimization pattern of "one center, two wings, and two belts" was finally proposed to provide planning strategies for decision-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuming Huang
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, 29 Xueyuan Rd., Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yecui Hu
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, 29 Xueyuan Rd., Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, 37 Guanying Rd, Beijing, 100035, China.
| | - Fangyu Zheng
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, 29 Xueyuan Rd., Beijing, 100083, China
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Construction of the Ecological Security Pattern of Urban Agglomeration under the Framework of Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services Using Bayesian Network Machine Learning: Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11226416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Coordinating ecosystem service supply and demand equilibrium and utilizing machine learning to dynamically construct an ecological security pattern (ESP) can help better understand the impact of urban development on ecological processes, which can be used as a theoretical reference in coupling economic growth and environmental protection. Here, the ESP of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration was constructed, which made use of the Bayesian network model to dynamically identify the ecological sources. The ecological corridor and ecological strategy points were identified using the minimum cumulative resistance model and circuit theory. The ESP was constructed by combining seven ecological sources, “two horizontal and three vertical” ecological corridors, and 37 ecological strategy points. Our results found spatial decoupling between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ES) and the degradation in areas with high demand for ES. The ecological sources and ecological corridors of the urban agglomeration were mainly situated in forestlands and water areas. The terrestrial ecological corridor was distributed along the outer periphery of the urban agglomeration, while the aquatic ecological corridor ran from north to south throughout the entire region. The ecological strategic points were mainly concentrated along the boundaries of the built-up area and the intersection between construction land and ecological land. Finally, the ecological sources were found primarily on existing ecological protection zones, which supports the usefulness of machine learning in predicting ecological sources and may provide new insights in developing urban ESP.
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Xu J, Fan F, Liu Y, Dong J, Chen J. Construction of Ecological Security Patterns in Nature Reserves Based on Ecosystem Services and Circuit Theory: A Case Study in Wenchuan, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173220. [PMID: 31484402 PMCID: PMC6747240 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Facing the demands of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem service improvement, the spatial pattern optimization of nature reserves has always been a research topic of interest. However, there remains a lack of methodological guidance in the planning of nature reserves and the surrounding areas. To promote the landscape sustainability of nature reserves, we constructed ecological security patterns (ESPs) with two scenarios as a case study in Wenchuan, China. In detail, the ecological sources were identified by ecosystem service evaluation, and the resistance surface was characterized by the habitat quality. The ecological corridors were determined based on circuit theory and the minimum cumulative resistance model. The ecological sources were mainly aggregated in the protected areas, with an area of more than 1000 ha; the high-resistance values were mainly in the area with dense roads or high elevation. There were 21 corridors in the scenario of only optimizing the nature reserve, while 31 corridors were identified when considering non-nature reserves, and the landscape connectivity was enhanced accordingly. The result supported constructing the ESPs between nature and non-nature reserves in Wenchuan to further protect pandas, and a methodological contribution was made to understand the differences of ESPs between them, thus supporting a methodological formulation of sustainable landscape patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Xu
- College of Resource, Environmental and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Feifei Fan
- College of Resource, Environmental and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yanxu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Jianquan Dong
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Jixing Chen
- College of Resource, Environmental and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
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30
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Barot S, Abbadie L, Auclerc A, Barthélémy C, Bérille E, Billet P, Clergeau P, Consales JN, Deschamp-Cottin M, David A, Devigne C, Dham V, Dusza Y, Gaillard A, Gonzalez E, Hédont M, Labarraque D, Le Bastard AM, Morel JL, Petit-Berghem Y, Rémy E, Rochelle-Newall E, Veyrières M. Urban ecology, stakeholders and the future of ecology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 667:475-484. [PMID: 30833246 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The world human population is more and more urban and cities have a strong impact on the biosphere. This explains the development of urban ecology. In this context, the goal of our work is fourfold: to describe the diversity of scientific questions in urban ecology, show how these questions are organized, to assess how these questions can be built in close interactions with stakeholders, to better understand the role urban ecology can play within ecological sciences. A workshop with scientists from all relevant fields (from ecology to sociology) and stakeholders was organized by the Foundation for Research on Biodiversity (FRB). Three types of scientific issues were outlined about (1) the biodiversity of organisms living in urban areas, (2) the functioning of urban organisms and ecosystems, (3) interactions between human societies and urban ecological systems. For all types of issues we outlined it was possible to distinguish both fundamental and applied scientific questions. This allowed building a unique research agenda encompassing all possible types of scientific issues in urban ecology. As all types of ecological and evolutionary questions can be asked in urban areas, urban ecology will likely be more and more influential in the development of ecology. Taken together, the future of towns, their biodiversity and the life of city dwellers is at stake. Increasing the space for ecosystems and biodiversity within towns is more and more viewed as crucial for the well-being of town dwellers. Depending on research and the way its results are taken into account, very different towns could emerge. Urban areas can be viewed as a test and a laboratory for the future of the interactions between human and ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Barot
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences-Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRA, UPEC), 75252 Paris, France.
| | - Luc Abbadie
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences-Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRA, UPEC), 75252 Paris, France
| | - Apolline Auclerc
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INRA, ensaia) F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Etienne Bérille
- Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation pour le Climat et l'Écologie, 13290 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Philippe Billet
- Institut de Droit de l'Environnement (Université Lyon 3), 69362 Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Ambre David
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences-Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRA, UPEC), 75252 Paris, France
| | - Cédric Devigne
- Laboratoire Ecologie & Biodiversité (Université Catholique de Lille), 59 016 Lille, France
| | | | - Yann Dusza
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences-Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRA, UPEC), 75252 Paris, France
| | - Anne Gaillard
- Fédération Française du Paysage, 78000 Versailles, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Louis Morel
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (Université de Lorraine, CNRS, INRA, ensaia) F-54000 Nancy, France
| | | | | | - Emma Rochelle-Newall
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences-Paris (IRD, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INRA, UPEC), 75252 Paris, France
| | - Marion Veyrières
- Direction de l'environnement, Conseil Régional Hauts-de-France, 59019 Lille, France
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Santini L, González‐Suárez M, Russo D, Gonzalez‐Voyer A, von Hardenberg A, Ancillotto L. One strategy does not fit all: determinants of urban adaptation in mammals. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:365-376. [PMID: 30575254 PMCID: PMC7379640 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Urbanisation exposes wildlife to new challenging conditions and environmental pressures. Some mammalian species have adapted to these novel environments, but it remains unclear which characteristics allow them to persist. To address this question, we identified 190 mammals regularly recorded in urban settlements worldwide, and used phylogenetic path analysis to test hypotheses regarding which behavioural, ecological and life history traits favour adaptation to urban environments for different mammalian groups. Our results show that all urban mammals produce larger litters; whereas other traits such as body size, behavioural plasticity and diet diversity were important for some but not all taxonomic groups. This variation highlights the idiosyncrasies of the urban adaptation process and likely reflects the diversity of ecological niches and roles mammals can play. Our study contributes towards a better understanding of mammal association to humans, which will ultimately allow the design of wildlife-friendly urban environments and contribute to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Santini
- Department of Environmental ScienceInstitute of Water and Wetland ResearchRadboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Manuela González‐Suárez
- Ecology and Evolutionary BiologySchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of ReadingWhiteknightsReadingRG6 6ASUK
| | - Danilo Russo
- Wildlife Research UnitDipartimento di AgrariaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIvia Università 100I‐80055Portici, NapoliItaly
| | - Alejandro Gonzalez‐Voyer
- Instituto de EcologíaDepartamento de Ecología EvolutivaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad México04510México
| | - Achaz von Hardenberg
- Conservation Biology Research GroupDepartment of Biological SciencesUniversity of ChesterParkgate RoadChesterCH1 4BJUK
| | - Leonardo Ancillotto
- Wildlife Research UnitDipartimento di AgrariaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IIvia Università 100I‐80055Portici, NapoliItaly
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Green Roofs and Green Walls for Biodiversity Conservation: A Contribution to Urban Connectivity? SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lepczyk CA, Aronson MFJ, Evans KL, Goddard MA, Lerman SB, MacIvor JS. Biodiversity in the City: Fundamental Questions for Understanding the Ecology of Urban Green Spaces for Biodiversity Conservation. Bioscience 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/bix079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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How small cities affect the biodiversity of ground-dwelling mammals and the relevance of this knowledge in planning urban land expansion in terms of urban wildlife. Urban Ecosyst 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-016-0637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Coupling ecosystem services supply and human ecological demand to identify landscape ecological security pattern: A case study in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China. Urban Ecosyst 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11252-016-0629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Cox DTC, Inger R, Hancock S, Anderson K, Gaston KJ. Movement of feeder-using songbirds: the influence of urban features. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37669. [PMID: 27876884 PMCID: PMC5120271 DOI: 10.1038/srep37669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Private gardens provide vital opportunities for people to interact with nature. The most popular form of interaction is through garden bird feeding. Understanding how landscape features and seasons determine patterns of movement of feeder-using songbirds is key to maximising the well-being benefits they provide. To determine these patterns we established three networks of automated data loggers along a gradient of greenspace fragmentation. Over a 12-month period we tracked 452 tagged blue tits Cyantistes caeruleus and great tits Parus major moving between feeder pairs 9,848 times, to address two questions: (i) Do urban features within different forms, and season, influence structural (presence-absence of connections between feeders by birds) and functional (frequency of these connections) connectivity? (ii) Are there general patterns of structural and functional connectivity across forms? Vegetation cover increased connectivity in all three networks, whereas the presence of road gaps negatively affected functional but not structural connectivity. Across networks structural connectivity was lowest in the summer when birds maintain breeding territories, however patterns of functional connectivity appeared to vary with habitat fragmentation. Using empirical data this study shows how key urban features and season influence movement of feeder-using songbirds, and we provide evidence that this is related to greenspace fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T C Cox
- Environment &Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, U.K
| | - Richard Inger
- Environment &Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, U.K
| | - Steven Hancock
- Global Ecology Lab, University of Maryland, Maryland, MD 20742, U.S
| | - Karen Anderson
- Environment &Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, U.K
| | - Kevin J Gaston
- Environment &Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9EZ, U.K
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Redon (de) L, Le Viol I, Jiguet F, Machon N, Scher O, Kerbiriou C. Road network in an agrarian landscape: Potential habitat, corridor or barrier for small mammals? ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Belaire JA, Whelan CJ, Minor ES. Having our yards and sharing them too: the collective effects of yards on native bird species in an urban landscape. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2014; 24:2132-2143. [PMID: 29188686 DOI: 10.1890/13-2259.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Residential yards comprise a substantial portion of urban landscapes, and the collective effects of the management of many individual yards may “scale up” to affect urban biodiversity. We conducted bird surveys and social surveys in Chicago-area (Illinois, USA) residential neighborhoods to identify the relative importance of yard design and management activities for native birds. We found that groups of neighboring yards, in the aggregate, were more important for native bird species richness than environmental characteristics at the neighborhood or landscape scale. The ratio of evergreen to deciduous trees in yards and the percentage of yards with trees and plants with fruits or berries were positively associated with native bird species richness, whereas the number of outdoor cats had a negative association. The number of birdfeeders was not an important predictor for native species richness. We also found that migratory birds were observed on transects with more wildlife-friendly features in yards, and nonnative birds were observed on transects with greater numbers of outdoor cats and dogs. Our results highlight the potential importance of residential matrix management as a conservation strategy in urban areas.
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