1
|
Zhou Q, Weng Q, Zhang X, Liu Y, Tong J, Hao X, Shi H, Shen P, Ren H, Xie J, Chen N. Association Between NPHS2 p.R229Q and Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis/Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:937122. [PMID: 35935761 PMCID: PMC9354893 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.937122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim NPHS2 is the coding gene of podocin. This study aims to investigate the association between NPHS2 p.R229Q (rs61747728), the most frequently reported missense variant of NPHS2, and focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) or steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) based on typing the variant in a Chinese FSGS/SRNS cohort and conducting a meta-analysis. Method We recruited patients with FSGS or SRNS and healthy individuals. To conduct a meta-analysis, all studies on p.R229Q and FSGS/SRNS were searched from public databases. Results In total, we enrolled 204 patients with FSGS, 61 patients with SRNS [46 with FSGS, 9 with minimal change disease (MCD), and six patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN)], and 100 healthy controls. Unexpectedly, p.R229Q was absent in the patients from our cohort. By meta-analysis of 21 studies including 2,489 patients with FSGS/SRNS and 6,004 healthy controls, we confirmed that the A allele of p.R229Q was significantly associated with increased risk of FSGS/SRNS (allelic OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.44-2.52, P < 0.001). However, the subgroup analysis showed that the association between p.R229Q and FSGS/SRNS was true only in Caucasians (allelic OR = 2.14, 95%CI = 1.54-2.98, P < 0.001) and in early-onset patients (allelic OR: 2.13, 95% CI = 1.21-3.76, P = 0.009). Conclusion NPHS2 p.R229Q may play an important role in enhancing the susceptibility of FSGS/SRNS, especially in ethnicity of Caucasian and age of early-onset patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiongxiu Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Tong
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingyan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyuan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jingyuan Xie,
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Nan Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Butt L, Unnersjö-Jess D, Höhne M, Hahnfeldt R, Reilly D, Rinschen MM, Plagmann I, Diefenhardt P, Brähler S, Brinkkötter PT, Brismar H, Blom H, Schermer B, Benzing T. Super-Resolution Imaging of the Filtration Barrier Suggests a Role for Podocin R229Q in Genetic Predisposition to Glomerular Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 33:138-154. [PMID: 34853150 PMCID: PMC8763184 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020060858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases of the kidney's glomerular filtration barrier are a leading cause of end stage renal failure. Despite a growing understanding of genes involved in glomerular disorders in children, the vast majority of adult patients lack a clear genetic diagnosis. The protein podocin p.R229Q, which results from the most common missense variant in NPHS2, is enriched in cohorts of patients with FSGS. However, p.R229Q has been proposed to cause disease only when transassociated with specific additional genetic alterations, and population-based epidemiologic studies on its association with albuminuria yielded ambiguous results. METHODS To test whether podocin p.R229Q may also predispose to the complex disease pathogenesis in adults, we introduced the exact genetic alteration in mice using CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing (PodR231Q ). We assessed the phenotype using super-resolution microscopy and albuminuria measurements and evaluated the stability of the mutant protein in cell culture experiments. RESULTS Heterozygous PodR231Q/wild-type mice did not present any overt kidney disease or proteinuria. However, homozygous PodR231Q/R231Q mice developed increased levels of albuminuria with age, and super-resolution microscopy revealed preceding ultrastructural morphologic alterations that were recently linked to disease predisposition. When injected with nephrotoxic serum to induce glomerular injury, heterozygous PodR231Q/wild-type mice showed a more severe course of disease compared with Podwild-type/wild-type mice. Podocin protein levels were decreased in PodR231Q/wild-type and PodR231Q/R231Q mice as well as in human cultured podocytes expressing the podocinR231Q variant. Our in vitro experiments indicate an underlying increased proteasomal degradation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that podocin R231Q exerts a pathogenic effect on its own, supporting the concept of podocin R229Q contributing to genetic predisposition in adult patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linus Butt
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Unnersjö-Jess
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Höhne
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Robert Hahnfeldt
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dervla Reilly
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus M. Rinschen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,III Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Plagmann
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul Diefenhardt
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brähler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul T. Brinkkötter
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hjalmar Brismar
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Blom
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jyoti SS, Islam F, Shrabonee II, Sultana TN, Chaity NI, Nahid NA, Islam MR, Islam MS, Apu MNH. Prevalence of NPHS2 gene R229Q polymorphism in Bangladeshi children with nephrotic syndrome. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05317. [PMID: 33102883 PMCID: PMC7578689 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Limited and contradictory pharmacogenetic studies of NPHS2 gene R229Q polymorphism in nephrotic syndrome (NS) children of different ethnicities steered us to investigate the genotype frequency and associated risk of this polymorphism in Bangladeshi NS children. Methods A prospective case-control study was conducted which comprised a total of 142 children having nephrotic syndrome (NS), divided into 2 groups: case group consisted of 40 children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), and control group involved 102 children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS). Both were genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method for R229Q polymorphism. Results The results indicate the presence of R229Q polymorphism in 27.50% of SRNS and 12.75% of SSNS children. SRNS children possess 2.94-fold greater risk (p = 0.025) of carrying Arg/Gln genotype compared to SSNS children. Moreover, R229Q variant in SRNS children was observed as in a compound heterozygous form with p.Ala297Val located in exon 8. Age of onset (4–6 years) presents as a significant contributing factor (adjusted OR = 1.06; 95% CI = 1.023–1.094; p = 0.001) for SRNS susceptibility in Bangladeshi children. Contrarily, though the incidence of SRNS was higher in male children than female (80% vs 20%), gender remains to be a neutral factor (p = 0.257) in relation to SRNS susceptibility. Conclusion Compound heterozygosity of NPHS2 p.R229Q gene variant with p.Ala297Val may cause pathogenic SRNS in Bangladeshi children. Large scale studies are warranted to establish the genotype-phenotype correlation. It is recommended to screen for p.R229Q first and, if positive, for p.Ala297Val in Bangladeshi SRNS children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Sultana Jyoti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ishrat Islam Shrabonee
- Department of Pediatric, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, 2200, Bangladesh
| | - Taposhi Nahid Sultana
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Nusrat Islam Chaity
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Noor Ahmed Nahid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Reazul Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mohd Nazmul Hasan Apu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Daga S, Fallerini C, Furini S, Pecoraro C, Scolari F, Ariani F, Bruttini M, Mencarelli MA, Mari F, Renieri A, Pinto AM. Non-collagen genes role in digenic Alport syndrome. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:70. [PMID: 30808327 PMCID: PMC6391820 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alport syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous nephropathy characterized by severe symptomatology at kidney level due to ultrastructural lesions of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) as consequence of mutations in COL4 genes. The disease has been linked to COL4A3/COL4A4/COL4A5 mutations, which impair GBM functionality and can be inherited in a dominant, recessive or X-linked transmission. Although a targeted Next Generation Sequencing approach has allowed identifying families with pathogenic mutations in more than one COL4 α3-α4-α5 heterotrimer encoding genes, leading to conclude for a digenic pattern of inheritance, the role of non-collagen genes in digenic Alport syndrome has not yet been established. Methods We employed a whole-exome sequencing approach on three families in whom a digenic pattern of transmission could be suspected because of a likely biparental contribution or an unexplained phenotype in the proband. Results We identified in the three probands hypomorphic LAMA5 mutations co-inherited with pathogenic COL4 α4-α5 chains mutations. Segregation analysis revealed that the combination of LAMA5/COL4 variants co-segregate with a fully penetrant phenotype in line with a digenic inheritance. In one of the three probands an hypomorphic variant in NPHS2 was also found, suggesting that role of other kidney disease related-genes as modifiers. Conclusion These findings validate the impact of LAMA5 mutations in digenic ATS and highlight the role of extracellular matrix’s genes, basement membrane, slit diaphragm and podocyte cytoskeleton in ATS. This underline the need for a more extensive panel approach in the presence of a digenic ATS, in order to better define clinical severity and recurrence risk for family members. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12882-019-1258-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Daga
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - C Fallerini
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - S Furini
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - C Pecoraro
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - F Scolari
- Department of Nephrology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Ariani
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - M Bruttini
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - M A Mencarelli
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - F Mari
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - A Renieri
- Medical Genetics Unit, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy. .,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.
| | - A M Pinto
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lu L, Sun XM, Yin Y, Huang YF, Wang M, Wan H, Wei LB, Xiao W. The amino acid mutations of the podocin in proteinuria: a meta-analysis. Ren Fail 2015. [PMID: 26211502 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1067129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
While many previous studies have reported an association between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the podocin and proteinuria occurred, a conclusive relationship has not been defined in every oligoallelic state of amino acid (AA) mutations in podocin. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of the published data to investigate the impact of the oligoallelic AA mutations of the podocin on proteinuria; a total 16 AA mutations were investigated for oligoallelic pathogenicity. Despite significant heterogeneity within some of the comparisons, the results revealed significantly higher risks of proteinuria in early-onset (onset age <16) individuals for five mutations (P118L, R138Q, R168H, V180M, and V260E), and in all onset ages individuals for five mutations (R138Q, G140X, R229Q, V260E, and V290M) compared to non-variant individuals. We also tested the steroid response in individuals with R229Q and E237Q. No statistically significant differences in the two mutations carrier rate were observed between steroid resistance patients and controls. No AA mutation was selected for meta-analysis on the recurrence of proteinuria after renal transplantation as lack of control data. In conclusion, our meta-analysis tested the pathogenicity of the oligoallelic AA mutations in podocin and suggested the potential causative mutations, and the alleles showing an association with protein susceptibility. The sensitivity and specificity of each causative mutation are pending further testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- a School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiao-ming Sun
- a School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yi Yin
- a School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China .,b Department of Nephrology , Southern Medical University TCM-Integrated Hospital , Guangzhou , China .,c Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine , ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China , and
| | - Yan-feng Huang
- a School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China .,b Department of Nephrology , Southern Medical University TCM-Integrated Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Ming Wang
- c Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine , ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China , and
| | - Heng Wan
- d Department of Endocrinology , The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Lian-Bo Wei
- a School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China .,b Department of Nephrology , Southern Medical University TCM-Integrated Hospital , Guangzhou , China .,c Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine , ZhuJiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China , and
| | - Wei Xiao
- a School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Phelan PJ, Hall G, Wigfall D, Foreman J, Nagaraj S, Malone AF, Winn MP, Howell DN, Gbadegesin R. Variability in phenotype induced by the podocin variant R229Q plus a single pathogenic mutation. Clin Kidney J 2015; 8:538-42. [PMID: 26413278 PMCID: PMC4581382 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfv063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in podocin (NPHS2) are the most common cause of childhood onset autosomal recessive steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The disease is characterized by early-onset proteinuria, resistance to immunosuppressive therapy and rapid progression to end-stage renal disease. Compound heterozygous changes involving the podocin variant R229Q combined with another pathogenic mutation have been associated with a mild phenotype with disease onset often in adulthood. Methods We screened 19 families with early-onset SRNS for mutations in NPHS2 and WT1 and identified four disease-causing mutations (three in NPHS2 and one in WT1) prior to planned whole-exome sequencing. Results We describe two families with three individuals presenting in childhood who are compound heterozygous for R229Q and one other pathogenic NPHS2 mutation, either L327F or A297V. One child presented at age 4 years (A297V plus R229Q) and the other two at age 13 (L327F plus R229Q), one with steadily deteriorating renal function. Conclusions These cases highlight the phenotypic variability associated with the NPHS2 R229Q variant plus pathogenic mutation. Individuals may present with early aggressive disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Phelan
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute , Duke University , Durham, NC , USA ; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA ; Department of Nephrology , Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Gentzon Hall
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute , Duke University , Durham, NC , USA ; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA
| | - Delbert Wigfall
- Department of Nephrology , Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , UK
| | - John Foreman
- Department of Nephrology , Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Shashi Nagaraj
- Department of Nephrology , Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Andrew F Malone
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute , Duke University , Durham, NC , USA ; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA
| | - Michelle P Winn
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute , Duke University , Durham, NC , USA ; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine , Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA
| | - David N Howell
- Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA
| | - Rasheed Gbadegesin
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute , Duke University , Durham, NC , USA ; Department of Pediatrics , Duke University Medical Center , Durham, NC , USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ng KH, Heng CK, Khor CC, Yap HK. Genes in FSGS: Diagnostic and Management Strategies in Children. CURRENT PEDIATRICS REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40124-014-0064-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|