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Xing C, Huo L, Tang H, Lu Y, Liu G, Chen F, Hou Z. The predictive value of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in the early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease and their relationship with inflammatory factors. Immunobiology 2024; 229:152792. [PMID: 38401467 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2024.152792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The value of novel biomarkers for DKD has received increasing attention, and there is an urgent need for novel biomarkers with sensitivity, specificity and ability to detect kidney damage.miR-377 regulates many basic biological processes, plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation, migration and inflammation, and can also increase the expression of matrix proteins and fibronectin, leading to renal tubulointerstitial inflammation and renal fibrosis. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, as an inflammatory marker, is involved in the pathological process of microalbuminuria production and renal function decline, and is a predictive factor of microalbuminuria production and renal function decline, and can be used as an indicator to evaluate the progression of DKD.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 on the development of diabetic kidney disease through regulation of inflammatory factors and the mechanism of action. METHODS 80 diabetic patients were divided into two groups according to urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR): diabetic normal proteinuria group (n = 42) and diabetic proteinuria group (n = 38). Forty-three healthy people were selected as the normal control group. The serum levels of TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-18 were measured by ELISA, miR-377 was detected by qPCR, and the serum levels of phospholipase A2 were detected by electrochemiluminescence. Analyze the correlation of study group indicators, ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in diabetic kidney disease. RESULTS The average levels of serum TGF-β, IL-6, IL-18, miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in diabetic proteinuria group were significantly higher than those in normal control group and diabetic proteinuria normal group(P < 0.05). miR-377, phospholipase A2 were significantly correlated with inflammatory factors such as glomerular filtration rate and TGF-β. miR-377 and phospholipase A2 are independent predictors of diabetic kidney disease. The area under the curve of miR-377 and phospholipase A2 in the normal diabetic proteinuria group and the diabetic proteinuria group were 0.731 and 0.744, respectively. CONCLUSION miR-377 and phospholipase A2 have good diagnostic efficiency for the early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease. They can be used as early biomarkers.miR-377 and phospholipase A2 were positively correlated with inflammatory factors and involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Xing
- Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou 075000, Hebei province, China
| | - Lijing Huo
- Clinical laboratory of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
| | - Hongyue Tang
- Hebei North University, Zhang Jiakou 075000, Hebei province, China
| | - Yamin Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China.
| | - Guangxia Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
| | - Zhan Hou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei province, China
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Li W, Wei J, Huang P, Wei Y, Chang L, Liu G. Differential expression of miRNAs revealed by small RNA sequencing in traumatic tracheal stenosis. Front Genet 2024; 14:1291488. [PMID: 38259609 PMCID: PMC10800880 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1291488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Traumatic tracheal stenosis (TTS) is a major cause of complex difficult airways, without clinically definitive efficacious drugs available. The aim of this study was to provide a general view of interactions between micro and messenger ribonucleic acids (miRNAs and mRNAs) and many potential mechanisms in TTS via small RNA sequencing. Methods: In this study, the identification of miRNAs was completed using small RNA sequencing and samples from four TTS patients and four normal control cases. By using bioinformatics tools, such as miRanda and RNAhybrid, for identifying the candidate target genes of miRNAs with differential expression in each sample, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were employed for enriching the predicted target genes of miRNAs with differential expression based on the correspondence between miRNAs and their target genes. We detected the expression of the candidate miRNAs using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Twenty-four miRNAs with significant differential expression were identified, including 13 upregulated and 11 downregulated ones. Bioinformation technology was adopted to predict 2,496 target genes. These miRNA-target genes were shown to be primarily enriched in cells and organelles with catalytic activity and binding function, such as binding proteins, small molecules, and nucleotides. Finally, they were observed to process into TTS through the intercellular and signal regulation of related inflammatory signaling and fibrosis signaling pathways. QRT-PCR confirmed the upregulation of miR21-5p and miR214-3p and the downregulation of miR141-3p and miR29b-3p, which was expected to become a high-specific miRNA for TTS. Conclusion: Among all the miRNAs detected, 24 miRNAs demonstrated differential expression between the TTS and normal control groups. A total of 2,496 target genes were predicted by bioinformation technology and enriched in inflammatory and fibrotic signaling pathways. These results provide new ideas for further studies and the selection of targets for TTS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinmei Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Pingping Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuhui Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Dermatology of Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan Uninversity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangnan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Zhang Y, Zhu YY, Chen Y, Zhang L, Wang R, Ding X, Zhang H, Zhang CY, Zhang C, Gu WJ, Wang C, Wang JJ. Urinary-derived extracellular vesicle microRNAs as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for early-stage renal cell carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117672. [PMID: 37995985 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The potential of urinary-derived extracellular vesicle (uEV) microRNAs (miRNAs) as noninvasive molecular biomarkers for identifying early-stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients is rarely explored. The present study aims to explore the possibility of uEV miRNAs as novel molecular biomarkers for distinguishing early-stage RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS uEVs were extracted by ExoQuick-TC™ kit and miRNA concentrations were measured by RT-qPCR. ROC curves and bioinformatics analysis were employed to predict the diagnostic efficacy and regulatory mechanisms of dysregulated miRNAs. RESULTS Through a multiphase case-control study on uEV miRNAs screening, training, and validation in RCC cells (ACHN, Caki-1) and control cells (HK-2) and in uEVs of 125 RCC patients and 128 age- and sex-matched controls, we successfully identified four uEVs miRNAs (miR-135b-5p, miR-196b-5p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p) were significantly and stably upregulated in RCC in vitro and in vivo. When adjusted with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the AUC of the three-uEV miRNA panel (miR-135b-5p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p) was 0.785 (95 % CI = 0.729-0.842, P < 0.0001) for discriminating RCC patients from controls. Notably, this panel exhibited similar performance in distinguishing early-stage (stage Ⅰ) RCC patients, with an AUC of 0.786 (95 %CI = 0.727-0.844, P < 0.0001). Bioinformatics analysis predicted that candidate miRNAs were involved in cancer progressing. CONCLUSION Our study identified a four uEV miRNAs panel (miR-135b-5p, miR-196b-5p, miR-200c-3p, and miR-203a-3p) may serve as an auxiliary noninvasive indication of early-stage RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Huizi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Chen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunni Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wan-Jian Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jun-Jun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210002, China; Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Center of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Extracellular RNA, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Bharati J, Kumar M, Kumar N, Malhotra A, Singhal PC. MicroRNA193a: An Emerging Mediator of Glomerular Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1743. [PMID: 38136614 PMCID: PMC10742064 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding small RNAs that regulate the protein expression of coding messenger RNAs. They are used as biomarkers to aid in diagnosing, prognosticating, and surveillance of diseases, especially solid cancers. MiR-193a was shown to be directly pathogenic in an experimental mouse model of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) during the last decade. Its specific binding and downregulation of Wilm's tumor-1 (WT-1), a transcription factor regulating podocyte phenotype, is documented. Also, miR-193a is a regulator switch causing the transdifferentiation of glomerular parietal epithelial cells to a podocyte phenotype in in vitro study. Interaction between miR-193a and apolipoprotein 1 (APOL1) mRNA in glomeruli (filtration units of kidneys) is potentially involved in the pathogenesis of common glomerular diseases. Since the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in the role of miR-193a in glomerular diseases, including diabetic nephropathy and membranous nephropathy, besides FSGS. Considering the lack of biomarkers to manage FSGS and diabetic nephropathy clinically, it is worthwhile to invest in evaluating miR-193a in the pathogenesis of these diseases. What causes the upregulation of miR-193a in FSGS and how the mechanism is different in different glomerular disorders still need to be elucidated. This narrative review highlights the pathogenic mechanisms of miR-193a elevation in various glomerular diseases and its potential use in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyita Bharati
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; (J.B.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA
| | - Megan Kumar
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; (J.B.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Neil Kumar
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; (J.B.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Ashwani Malhotra
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; (J.B.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
| | - Pravin C. Singhal
- Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; (J.B.); (M.K.); (N.K.)
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY 11021, USA
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Gluba-Sagr A, Franczyk B, Rysz-Górzyńska M, Ławiński J, Rysz J. The Role of miRNA in Renal Fibrosis Leading to Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2358. [PMID: 37760798 PMCID: PMC10525803 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important health concern that is expected to be the fifth most widespread cause of death worldwide by 2040. The presence of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, ischemia, etc., stimulates the development and progression of CKD. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common pathomechanism of renal dysfunction, irrespective of the primary origin of renal injury. With time, fibrosis leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Many studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are involved in the onset and development of fibrosis and CKD. miRNAs are vital regulators of some pathophysiological processes; therefore, their utility as therapeutic agents in various diseases has been suggested. Several miRNAs were demonstrated to participate in the development and progression of kidney disease. Since renal fibrosis is an important problem in chronic kidney disease, many scientists have focused on the determination of miRNAs associated with kidney fibrosis. In this review, we present the role of several miRNAs in renal fibrosis and the potential pathways involved. However, as well as those mentioned above, other miRs have also been suggested to play a role in this process in CKD. The reports concerning the impact of some miRNAs on fibrosis are conflicting, probably because the expression and regulation of miRNAs occur in a tissue- and even cell-dependent manner. Moreover, different assessment modes and populations have been used. There is a need for large studies and clinical trials to confirm the role of miRs in a clinical setting. miRNAs have great potential; thus, their analysis may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gluba-Sagr
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rysz-Górzyńska
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Janusz Ławiński
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-055 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Motshwari DD, Matshazi DM, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP, Matsha TE, George C. MicroRNAs Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease in the General Population and High-Risk Subgroups-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021792. [PMID: 36675311 PMCID: PMC9863068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential utility of microRNAs (miRNAs) as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets, for chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been advocated. However, studies evaluating the expression profile of the same miRNA signatures in CKD report contradictory findings. This review aimed to characterize miRNAs associated with CKD and/or measures of kidney function and kidney damage in the general population, and also in high-risk subgroups, including people with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost databases were searched to identify relevant studies published in English or French languages on or before 30 September 2022. A total of 75 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria: CKD (n = 18), diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (n = 51) and HTN-associated CKD (n = 6), with no study reporting on miRNA profiles in people with HIV-associated nephropathy. In individuals with CKD, miR-126 and miR-223 were consistently downregulated, whilst in DKD, miR-21 and miR-29b were consistently upregulated and miR-30e and let-7a were consistently downregulated in at least three studies. These findings suggest that these miRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of CKD and therefore invites further research to explore their clinical utility for CKD prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipuo D. Motshwari
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
| | - Don M. Matshazi
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
| | - Rajiv T. Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) and University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Andre P. Kengne
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Parow, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Tandi E. Matsha
- SAMRC/CPUT/Cardiometabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Science, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town 7530, South Africa
- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa
| | - Cindy George
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Parow, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Correspondence:
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Priyadarshini G, Rajappa M. Predictive markers in chronic kidney disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 535:180-186. [PMID: 35995274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by gradual deterioration of the renal parenchyma and decline of functioning nephrons. CKD is now recognized as a distinct risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This risk rises in tandem with the decline in kidney function and peaks at the end-stage. It is important to identify individuals with CKD who are at a higher risk of advancing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the beginning of CVD. This will enhance the clinical benefits and so that evidence-based therapy may be started at the initial stages for those individuals. A promising biomarker must represent tissue damage, and be easy to detect using non-invasive methods. Current CKD progression indicators have difficulties in reaching this aim. Hence this review presents an update on markers studied in the last decade, which help in the prediction of CKD progression such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, urinary liver-type fatty acid-binding protein, cystatin-C, asymmetric dimethylarginine, symmetric dimethylarginine, endotrophin, methylglyoxal, sclerostin, uric acid, and miRNA-196a. Additional research is needed to determine the predictive usefulness of these indicators in clinical samples for disease development. Their utility as surrogate markers need to be explored further for the early identification of CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Priyadarshini
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Medha Rajappa
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
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Mizdrak M, Kumrić M, Kurir TT, Božić J. Emerging Biomarkers for Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040548. [PMID: 35455664 PMCID: PMC9025702 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major and serious global health problem that leads to kidney damage as well as multiple systemic diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment are two major measures to prevent further deterioration of kidney function and to delay adverse outcomes. However, the paucity of early, predictive and noninvasive biomarkers has undermined our ability to promptly detect and treat this common clinical condition which affects more than 10% of the population worldwide. Despite all limitations, kidney function is still measured by serum creatinine, cystatin C, and albuminuria, as well as estimating glomerular filtration rate using different equations. This review aims to provide comprehensive insight into diagnostic methods available for early detection of CKD. In the review, we discuss the following topics: (i) markers of glomerular injury; (ii) markers of tubulointerstitial injury; (iii) the role of omics; (iv) the role of microbiota; (v) and finally, the role of microRNA in the early detection of CKD. Despite all novel findings, none of these biomarkers have met the criteria of an ideal early marker. Since the central role in CKD progression is the proximal tubule (PT), most data from the literature have analyzed biomarkers of PT injury, such as KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1), NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), and L-FABP (liver fatty acid-binding protein).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Mizdrak
- Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Marko Kumrić
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
| | - Tina Tičinović Kurir
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Joško Božić
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia; (M.K.); (T.T.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang J, Jiang P, Tu Y, Li N, Huang Y, Jiang S, Kong W, Yuan R. Identification and validation of long non-coding RNA associated ceRNAs in intrauterine adhesion. Bioengineered 2021; 13:1039-1048. [PMID: 34968168 PMCID: PMC8805920 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2017578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is an endometrial fibrotic disease with unclear pathogenesis. Increasing evidence suggested the important role of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in diseases. This study aimed to identify and verify the key long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) associated-ceRNAs in IUA. The lncRNA/mRNA expression file was obtained by transcriptome sequencing of IUA and normal samples. The microRNAs expression date was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differential expressions of mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs were analyzed using the DESeq2 (2010) R package. Protein interaction network was constructed to explore hub genes. TargetScan and miRanda databases were used to predicate the interaction. Enrichment analysis in Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were performed to identify the biological functions of ceRNAs. Regression analysis of ceRNAs’ expression level was performed. There were 915 mRNAs and 418 lncRNAs differentially expressed. AURKA, CDC20, IL6, ASPM, CDCA8, BIRC5, UBE2C, H2AFX, RRM2 and CENPE were identified as hub genes. The ceRNAs network, including 28 lncRNAs, 28 miRNAs, and 299 mRNAs, was constructed. Regression analysis showed a good positive correlation between ceRNAs expression levels (r > 0.700, p < 0.001). The enriched functions include ion transmembrane transport, focal adhesion, cAMP signaling pathway and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. The novel lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in IUA was excavated. Crucial lncRNAs such as ADIRF-AS1, LINC00632, DIO3OS, MBNL1-AS1, MIR1-1HG-AS1, AC100803.2 was involved in the development of IUA. cGMP-PKG signaling pathway and ion transport might be new directions for IUA pathogenesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingni Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Tu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuzhen Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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