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He L, Zhang Y, Jia Y, Li Z, Li J, Shang K, Ding K, Yu H, Sarker S. A novel pathogenic avipoxvirus infecting oriental turtle dove ( Streptopelia orientalis) in China shows a high genomic and evolutionary proximity with the pigeon avipoxviruses isolated globally. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0119323. [PMID: 37750697 PMCID: PMC10581063 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01193-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Avipoxviruses are considered as significant viral pathogen infecting a wide range of domestic and wild bird species globally, yet the majority of avipoxviruses that infect the wild bird species remain uncharacterized and their genetic diversities remain unclear. In this study, we present a novel pathogenic avipoxvirus isolated from the cutaneous pox lesions of a wild oriental turtle dove (Streptopelia orientalis), tentatively named as turtle dovepox virus (TDPV). The avipoxvirus was isolated by using the chorioallantoic membranes of specific pathogen-free chicken embryos which showed characteristic focal pock lesions, followed by cytopathic effects in host cells infected with oriental turtle dovepox virus. An effort in sequencing the whole genome of the poxvirus using next-generation sequencing was given, and the first whole genome sequence of TDPV was obtained. The TDPV genome was 281,386 bp in length and contained 380 predicted open reading frames (ORFs). While 336 of the predicted ORFs showed homology to other characterized avipoxviruses, the other 44 ORFs were unique. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel TDPV shared the closest genetic evolutionary linkage with the avipoxviruses isolated from pigeon in South Africa and India, of which the TDPV genome had the highest sequence similarity (92.5%) with South African pigeonpox virus (FeP2). In conclusion, the sequenced TDPV is significantly different from any other avipoxviruses isolated from avian or other natural host species considering genomic architecture and observed sequence similarity index. Thus, it likely should be considered a separate species. IMPORTANCE Over the past few decades, avipoxviruses have been found in a number of wild bird species including the oriental turtle dove. However, there is no whole genome sequence information on avipoxviruses isolated from oriental turtle dove, leaving us unclear about the evolutionary linkage of avipoxviruses in oriental turtle dove and other wild bird species. Thus, we believe that our study makes a significant contribution because it is the first report of the whole genome sequence of TDPV isolated from a wild oriental turtle dove, which enriches the genomic information of the genus Avipoxvirus, furthermore, contributes to tracking the genetic evolution of avipoxviruses-infected oriental turtle dove species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zedian Li
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jing Li
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ke Shang
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ke Ding
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Haotong Yu
- The Key Lab of Animal Disease and Public Health /Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Subir Sarker
- Biomedical Sciences & Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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Bertelloni F, Ceccherelli R, Marzoni M, Poli A, Ebani VV. Molecular Detection of Avipoxvirus in Wild Birds in Central Italy. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030338. [PMID: 35158662 PMCID: PMC8833646 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Avipoxviruses (APVs) are responsible for diseases in domestic and wild birds. Currently, the disease in domestic animals is under control in many Countries by biosafety and vaccination. In wild birds, small disease events are frequently reported worldwide, but large outbreaks are generally rare. Nevertheless, some aspects of the epidemiology of these viruses are still unclear. In this study, we explored, through molecular investigations, the diffusion of APVs among wild birds, of different orders and species, without typical macroscopic lesions. A high percentage (43.33%) of positive specimens was detected, suggesting high diffusion of the viruses and a possible role of avian wildlife as a reservoir. Aquatic birds, mainly Anseriformes, were more often infected, probably in relation to the environment where they live; in fact, APVs are frequently transmitted by mosquitos, particularly abundant in humid areas. Abstract Avipoxviruses (APVs) are important pathogens of both domestic and wild birds. The associated disease is characterized by skin proliferative lesions in the cutaneous form or by lesions of the first digestive and respiratory tracts in the diphtheritic form. Previous studies investigated these infections in symptomatic wild birds worldwide, including Italy, but data about the circulation of APVs in healthy avian wildlife are not available. The present study tested spleen samples from 300 wild birds without typical lesions to detect Avipoxvirus DNA. Overall, 43.33% of the samples scored positive. Aquatic birds were more frequently infected (55.42%) than other animals (26.40%), and in Anseriformes, high positivity was found (52.87%). The obtained results suggest that wild birds could be asymptomatic carriers of Avipoxviruses, opening new possible epidemiological scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bertelloni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | | | - Margherita Marzoni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandro Poli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Valentina Virginia Ebani
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (M.M.); (A.P.)
- Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Asif K, O’Rourke D, Legione AR, Shil P, Marenda MS, Noormohammadi AH. Whole-genome based strain identification of fowlpox virus directly from cutaneous tissue and propagated virus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261122. [PMID: 34914770 PMCID: PMC8675702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowlpox (FP) is an economically important viral disease of commercial poultry. The fowlpox virus (FPV) is primarily characterised by immunoblotting, restriction enzyme analysis in combination with PCR, and/or nucleotide sequencing of amplicons. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of FPV directly from clinical specimens prevents the risk of potential genome modifications associated with in vitro culturing of the virus. Only one study has sequenced FPV genomes directly from clinical samples using Nanopore sequencing, however, the study didn't compare the sequences against Illumina sequencing or laboratory propagated sequences. Here, the suitability of WGS for strain identification of FPV directly from cutaneous tissue was evaluated, using a combination of Illumina and Nanopore sequencing technologies. Sequencing results were compared with the sequence obtained from FPV grown in chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of chicken embryos. Complete genome sequence of FPV was obtained directly from affected comb tissue using a map to reference approach. FPV sequence from cutaneous tissue was highly similar to that of the virus grown in CAMs with a nucleotide identity of 99.8%. Detailed polymorphism analysis revealed the presence of a highly comparable number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the two sequences when compared to the reference genome, providing essentially the same strain identification information. Comparative genome analysis of the map to reference consensus sequences from the two genomes revealed that this field isolate had the highest nucleotide identity of 99.5% with an FPV strain from the USA (Fowlpox virus isolate, FWPV-MN00.2, MH709124) and 98.8% identity with the Australian FPV vaccine strain (FWPV-S, MW142017). Sequencing results showed that WGS directly from cutaneous tissues is not only rapid and cost-effective but also provides essentially the same strain identification information as in-vitro grown virus, thus circumventing in vitro culturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinza Asif
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Denise O’Rourke
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alistair R. Legione
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pollob Shil
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc S. Marenda
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amir H. Noormohammadi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, Australia
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Genomic Characterisation of a Novel Avipoxvirus Isolated from an Endangered Northern Royal Albatross ( Diomedea sanfordi). Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050575. [PMID: 34065100 PMCID: PMC8151833 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine bird populations have been declining globally with the factors driving this decline not fully understood. Viral diseases, including those caused by poxviruses, are a concern for endangered seabird species. In this study we have characterised a novel avipoxvirus, tentatively designated albatrosspox virus (ALPV), isolated from a skin lesion of an endangered New Zealand northern royal albatross (Diomedea sanfordi). The ALPV genome was 351.9 kbp in length and contained 336 predicted genes, seven of which were determined to be unique. The highest number of genes (313) in the ALPV genome were homologs of those in shearwaterpox virus 2 (SWPV2), while a further 10 were homologs to canarypox virus (CNPV) and an additional six to shearwaterpox virus 1 (SWPV1). Phylogenetic analyses positioned the ALPV genome within a distinct subclade comprising recently isolated avipoxvirus genome sequences from shearwater, penguin and passerine bird species. This is the first reported genome sequence of ALPV from a northern royal albatross and will help to track the evolution of avipoxvirus infections in this endangered species.
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Gong Y, Feng N, Bi J, Zhang X, Li Y, Sun W, Wang T, Li N, Zhao Y, Yang S, Zhang W, Tang J, Wang J, Gao Y, Xia X. Molecular Phylogeny of an Avipoxvirus Isolated from Red-Flanked Blue Robin in China. Avian Dis 2020; 64:2-6. [PMID: 32267119 DOI: 10.1637/0005-2086-64.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We first report avipoxvirus (APV) infection and an isolate named APV/03/2016 from a red-flanked blue robin (Tarsiger cyanurus) captured at Songhua Lake Scenic Area in Jilin City (Jilin Province, China) on March 24, 2016. The partial sequence of the 4b core protein gene and DNA polymerase gene of APV/03/2016 suggests that the virus belongs to the subclade B1 cluster of clade B (canarypox virus). The BLAST results showed the highest similarity of the two genes with the Pacific shearwater-isolated strain SWPV-2 (KX857215), canarypox virus strain D98-11133 (GQ487567), canarypox virus strain ATCC VR-111 (AY318871), avipoxvirus Mississippi isolate P89 (KC018048), and avipoxvirus Wisconsin isolate P92 (KC018051). The results indicate that APV/03/2016 is a canarypox-like virus. These findings demonstrate the continuous emergence of new APV hosts such as red-flanked blue robins and suggest that monitoring of APV circulation and evolution should be strengthened for T. cyanurus conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Na Feng
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jinhao Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China.,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Xinghai Zhang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yuanguo Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Weiyang Sun
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Nan Li
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Yongkun Zhao
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Songtao Yang
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Wildlife Conservation Management Station, Zhuanghe, 116400, China
| | - Jingwen Tang
- Jilin City Forestry Bureau, Jilin City, 132013, China
| | - Jianzhong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China,
| | - Yuwei Gao
- Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China,
| | - Xianzhu Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888, Changchun, 130118, China, .,Institute of Military Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, No. 666, Changchun, 130122, China,
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Kurihara T, Hirata A, Yamaguchi T, Okada H, Kameda M, Sakai H, Haridy M, Yanai T. Avipoxvirus infection in two captive Japanese cormorants (Phalacrocorax capillatus). J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:817-822. [PMID: 32378644 PMCID: PMC7324821 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cormorant fishing is a traditional Japanese fishing method using captive Japanese cormorants (Phalacrocorax capillatus). Between June and July 2017, an avian pox outbreak was reported in captive cormorant populations throughout several distant cities in Japan. We examined the lesions obtained from two such affected cormorants, which were raised in distant cities. The affected cormorants were grossly characterized by the development of cutaneous nodules around the base of the beak. Histopathologically, these nodules consisted of marked epidermal hyperplasia with ballooning degeneration of spinous cells and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions (Bollinger bodies). The lesions displayed 4b core protein (P4b) of Avipoxvirus (APV) and DNA polymerase genes, which were detected by PCR. Moreover, the nucleotide sequences detected from both cormorants were found to be identical. No identical sequence was found in any international database. These findings suggest that both examined cormorants were infected with an identical APV, which has never been previously reported. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the detected sequences were observed to cluster in subclade A3, which consists mainly of the sequences detected from several marine birds, including other cormorant species. This observation suggests that the viruses might be maintained in Japanese cormorants in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Kurihara
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hirata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.,Division of Animal Experiment, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Harue Okada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Miho Kameda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-cho Minami, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Mohie Haridy
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Tokuma Yanai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.,Current affiliation: Laboratory of Wildlife and Forensic Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
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7
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Sahu BP, Majee P, Mishra C, Dash M, Biswal S, Sahoo N, Nayak D. The emergence of subclades A1 and A3 avipoxviruses in India. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 67:510-517. [PMID: 31692237 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During the years 2010-2018, avipoxvirus (APV) outbreaks were observed in the domestic chickens and pigeons present in the eastern Indian state of Odisha. Based on typical pox lesions, followed by molecular techniques, the overall morbidity was found to be 18%-19.23% and 16.92%-23% in chickens and pigeons, respectively. The cutaneous forms of the disease were observed with varied rates of mortality, being 47.36%-52.77% in chickens and 39.13%-92% in pigeons. PCR amplification targeting the viral P4b core protein-coding gene and the DNA polymerase gene confirmed the presence of APV strains in 10 birds. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis of these two genes confirmed that the circulating strains were members of APV clade A. The subclade analysis revealed the introduction of A1 and A3 subclades in Indian chickens and pigeons, respectively. This study is the first molecular record of APVs circulating in eastern Indian birds (Odisha) and involves the first use of the polymerase gene to reveal the circulating clades of Indian APVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Pravas Sahu
- Discipline of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India
| | - Prativa Majee
- Discipline of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India
| | - Chinmayee Mishra
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Manojita Dash
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sangram Biswal
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Niranjan Sahoo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Debasis Nayak
- Discipline of Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India
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Yeo G, Wang Y, Chong SM, Humaidi M, Lim XF, Mailepessov D, Chan S, How CB, Lin YN, Huangfu T, Fernandez CJ, Hapuarachchi HC, Yap G. Characterization of Fowlpox virus in chickens and bird-biting mosquitoes: a molecular approach to investigating Avipoxvirus transmission. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:838-850. [PMID: 30907721 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian pox is a highly contagious avian disease, yet relatively little is known about the epidemiology and transmission of Avipoxviruses. Using a molecular approach, we report evidence for a potential link between birds and field-caught mosquitoes in the transmission of Fowlpox virus (FWPV) in Singapore. Comparison of fpv167 (P4b), fpv126 (VLTF-1), fpv175-176 (A11R-A12L) and fpv140 (H3L) gene sequences revealed close relatedness between FWPV strains obtained from cutaneous lesions of a chicken and four pools of Culex pseudovishnui, Culex spp. (vishnui group) and Coquellitidea crassipes caught in the vicinity of the study site. Chicken-derived viruses characterized during two separate infections two years later were also identical to those detected in the first event, suggesting repeated transmission of closely related FWPV strains in the locality. Since the study location is home to resident and migratory birds, we postulated that wild birds could be the source of FWPV and that bird-biting mosquitoes could act as bridging mechanical vectors. Therefore, we determined whether the FWPV-positive mosquito pools (n=4) were positive for avian DNA using a polymerase chain reaction-sequencing assay. Our findings confirmed the presence of avian host DNA in all mosquito pools, suggesting a role for Cx. pseudovishnui, Culex spp. (vishnui group) and Cq. crassipes mosquitoes in FWPV transmission. Our study exemplifies the utilization of molecular tools to understand transmission networks of pathogens affecting avian populations, which has important implications for the design of effective control measures to minimize disease burden and economic loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys Yeo
- 1Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Yifan Wang
- 2Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Animal and Plant Health Centre, 6, Perahu Road, Singapore 718827, Singapore
| | - Shin Min Chong
- 2Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Animal and Plant Health Centre, 6, Perahu Road, Singapore 718827, Singapore
| | - Mahathir Humaidi
- 1Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Xiao Fang Lim
- 1Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore.,†Present address: Duke-NUS Medical School, 8, College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Diyar Mailepessov
- 1Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Sharon Chan
- 3Sungei Buloh Wetlands Reserve, National Parks Board, 301, Neo Tiew Cresent, 301, Neo Tiew Cresent, Singapore 718925, Singapore.,‡Present address: Conservation Division, Central Nature Reserve, National Parks Board, 6, Island Club Road, Singapore 578775, Singapore
| | - Choon Beng How
- 3Sungei Buloh Wetlands Reserve, National Parks Board, 301, Neo Tiew Cresent, 301, Neo Tiew Cresent, Singapore 718925, Singapore
| | - Yueh Nuo Lin
- 2Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Animal and Plant Health Centre, 6, Perahu Road, Singapore 718827, Singapore
| | - Taoqi Huangfu
- 2Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Animal and Plant Health Centre, 6, Perahu Road, Singapore 718827, Singapore
| | - Charlene Judith Fernandez
- 2Agri-Food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore, Animal and Plant Health Centre, 6, Perahu Road, Singapore 718827, Singapore
| | | | - Grace Yap
- 1Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11, Biopolis Way, #06-05-08, Singapore 138667, Singapore.,§Present address: Control of Operations Branch 2, National Environment Agency, 40, Scotts Road, Singapore 228231, Singapore
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9
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Detection and Characterization of an Avipoxvirus in a Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo) in Italy Using a Multiple Gene Approach. J Wildl Dis 2019; 55:142-148. [DOI: 10.7589/2017-10-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Evidence of avian poxvirus and papillomavirus infection in Gyps fulvus in Italy. Arch Virol 2018; 164:291-295. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4055-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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11
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Croville G, Le Loc'h G, Zanchetta C, Manno M, Camus-Bouclainville C, Klopp C, Delverdier M, Lucas MN, Donnadieu C, Delpont M, Guérin JL. Rapid whole-genome based typing and surveillance of avipoxviruses using nanopore sequencing. J Virol Methods 2018; 261:34-39. [PMID: 30086381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Avian pox is an infectious disease caused by avipoxviruses (APV), resulting in cutaneous and/or tracheal lesions. Poxviruses share large genome sizes (from 130 to 360 kb), featuring repetitions, deletions or insertions as a result of a long-term recombination history. The increasing performances of next-generation sequencing (NGS) opened new opportunities for surveillance of poxviruses, based on timely and affordable workflows. We investigated the application of the 3rd generation Oxford Nanopore Minion technology to achieve real-time whole-genome sequencing directly from lesions, without any enrichment or isolation step. Fowlpox lesions were sampled on hens, total DNA was extracted and processed for sequencing on a MinION, Oxford Nanopore. We readily generated whole APV genomes from cutaneous or tracheal lesions, without any isolation or PCR-based enrichment: Fowlpox virus reads loads ranged from 0.75% to 2.62% and reads up to 61 kbp were generated and readily assembled into 3 APV complete genomes. This long read size eases the assembly step and lowers the bioinformatics capacity requirements and processing time compared to huge sets of short reads. The complete genome analysis confirmed that these Fowlpox viruses cluster within clade A1 and host full length reticuloendotheliovirus (REV) inserts. The pathobiological relevance of REV insert, although a classical feature of fowlpoxviruses (FPVs), should be further investigated. Surveillance of emerging poxviruses could greatly benefit from real-time whole genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maxime Manno
- GeT-PlaGe, INRA, Genotoul, US1426, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | | | - Christophe Klopp
- Plateforme Bioinformatique Genotoul, UR875, Biométrie et Intelligence Artificielle, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | - Cécile Donnadieu
- GeT-PlaGe, INRA, Genotoul, US1426, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Mattias Delpont
- Université de Toulouse, ENVT, INRA, UMR 1225, 31076 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Luc Guérin
- Université de Toulouse, ENVT, INRA, UMR 1225, 31076 Toulouse, France.
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12
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Bodewes R. Novel viruses in birds: Flying through the roof or is a cage needed? Vet J 2018; 233:55-62. [PMID: 29486880 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Emerging viral diseases continue to have a major global impact on human beings and animals. To be able to take adequate measures in case of an outbreak of an emerging disease, rapid detection of the causative agent is a crucial first step. In this review, various aspects of virus discovery are discussed, with a special focus on recently discovered viruses in birds. Novel viruses with a potential major impact have been discovered in domestic and wild bird species in recent years using various virus discovery methods. Only a few studies report the detection of novel viruses in endangered bird species, although increased knowledge about viruses circulating in these species is important. Additional studies focusing on the exact role of a novel virus in disease and on the impact of a novel virus on bird populations are often lacking. Intensive collaboration between different disciplines is needed to obtain useful information about the role of these novel viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bodewes
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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13
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Sarker S, Das S, Lavers JL, Hutton I, Helbig K, Imbery J, Upton C, Raidal SR. Genomic characterization of two novel pathogenic avipoxviruses isolated from pacific shearwaters (Ardenna spp.). BMC Genomics 2017; 18:298. [PMID: 28407753 PMCID: PMC5390406 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the past 20 years, many marine seabird populations have been gradually declining and the factors driving this ongoing deterioration are not always well understood. Avipoxvirus infections have been found in a wide range of bird species worldwide, however, very little is known about the disease ecology of avian poxviruses in seabirds. Here we present two novel avipoxviruses from pacific shearwaters (Ardenna spp), one from a Flesh-footed Shearwater (A. carneipes) (SWPV-1) and the other from a Wedge-tailed Shearwater (A. pacificus) (SWPV-2). Results Epidermal pox lesions, liver, and blood samples were examined from A. carneipes and A. pacificus of breeding colonies in eastern Australia. After histopathological confirmation of the disease, PCR screening was conducted for avipoxvirus, circovirus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, and fungal agents. Two samples that were PCR positive for poxvirus were further assessed by next generation sequencing, which yielded complete Shearwaterpox virus (SWPV) genomes from A. pacificus and A. carneipes, both showing the highest degree of similarity with Canarypox virus (98% and 67%, respectively). The novel SWPV-1 complete genome from A. carneipes is missing 43 genes compared to CNPV and contains 4 predicted genes which are not found in any other poxvirus, whilst, SWPV-2 complete genome was deemed to be missing 18 genes compared to CNPV and a further 15 genes significantly fragmented as to probably cause them to be non-functional. Conclusion These are the first avipoxvirus complete genome sequences that infect marine seabirds. In the comparison of SWPV-1 and −2 to existing avipoxvirus sequences, our results indicate that the SWPV complete genome from A. carneipes (SWPV-1) described here is not closely related to any other avipoxvirus genome isolated from avian or other natural host species, and that it likely should be considered a separate species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3680-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subir Sarker
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
| | - Shubhagata Das
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Lavers
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7004, Australia
| | - Ian Hutton
- Lord Howe Island Museum, Lord Howe Island, NSW, 2898, Australia
| | - Karla Helbig
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Jacob Imbery
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Chris Upton
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Shane R Raidal
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678, Australia
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