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Chen S, Luan Q, Qiu S, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Sun S, Wang J, Yin Y. An efficient and convenient Fiber -2- based latex agglutination test for the detection of antibodies against fowl adenovirus serotype 4 in clinical samples. J Virol Methods 2023; 319:114760. [PMID: 37290574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To detect the antibody against fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) in clinical practice, the latex agglutination test (LAT) was developed by using the Fiber-2 protein of FAdV-4 as an antigen bound to sensitized latex microspheres. The concentration, time, and temperature of sensitization latex microspheres by the Fiber-2 protein were studied and optimized; the specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability of LAT were tested; and the method developed in the study was applied. The results showed that the optimum sensitization concentration of Fiber-2 protein was 0.8mg/mL, the time was 120min, and the temperature was 37℃. Except for antiserum against FAdV-4 and FAdV-10, LAT developed in the study could not agglutinate antisera against FAdV-1, FAdV-2, FAdV-3, FAdV-4, FAdV-5, FAdV-6, FAdV-8a, FAdV-8b, FAdV-11, Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, egg drop syndrome virus and Clostridium perfringens. Compared with the commercial FAdV-4 ELISA Kit, the titers in 21 clinical samples were low when tested by the developed LAT method, but there was no significant difference. The coefficients of variation among different batches and the same batch of latex-sensitized particles were between 0-13.3% and 0-8.7%, respectively. The critical value of immune protective antibody against FAdV-4 was 25, and the titers in 40.9% of clinical samples were higher than the immune critical point. The results showed that the Fiber-2-based LAT developed in the study has the characteristics of high specificity, sensitivity and repeatability, has the advantages of free equipment, long shelf life, and fast and easy operation, and is an effective and convenient method for serological diagnosis of FAdV-4 infection and evaluating the efficacy of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qingdong Luan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150038, China
| | - Shimei Qiu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yanjin Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shufang Sun
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, 266032, China.
| | - Jianlin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Yanbo Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Podgorski II, Harrach B, Benkő M, Papp T. Characterization of monkey adenoviruses with three fiber genes. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 108:105403. [PMID: 36610683 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2023.105403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the occurrence of three fiber genes in monkey adenoviruses had already been described, the relatedness of the "extra" fibers have not yet been discussed. Here we report the genome analysis of two simian adenovirus (SAdV) serotypes from Old World monkeys and the phylogenetic analysis of the multiple fiber genes found in these and related AdVs. One of the newly sequenced serotypes (SAdV-2), isolated from a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), was classified into species Human mastadenovirus G (HAdV-G), while the other serotype (SAdV-17), originating from a grivet (Chlorocebus aethiops), classified to Simian mastadenovirus F (SAdV-F). We identified unique features in the gene content of these SAdVs compared to those typical for other members of the genus Mastadenovirus. Namely, in the E1B region of SAdV-2, the 19K gene was replaced by an ITR repetition and a copy of the E4 ORF1 gene. Among the 37 genes in both SAdVs, three genes of different lengths, predicted to code for the cellular attachment proteins (the fibers), were found. These proteins exhibit high diversity. Yet, phylogenetic calculations of their conserved parts could reveal the probable evolutionary steps leading to the multiple-fibered contemporary HAdV and SAdV species. Seemingly, there existed (a) common ancestor(s) with two fiber genes for the lineages of the AdVs in species SAdV-B, -E, -F and HAdV-F, alongside a double-fibered ancestor for today's SAdV-C and HAdV-G, which later diverged into descendants forming today's species. Additionally, some HAdV-G members picked up a third fiber gene either to the left-hand or to the in-between position from the existing two. A SAdV-F progenitor also obtained a third copy to the middle, as observed in SAdV-17. The existence of three fiber genes in these contemporary AdVs brings novel possibilities for the design of optimised AdV-based vectors with potential multiple target binding abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva I Podgorski
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Harrach
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Mária Benkő
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tibor Papp
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary.
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An Inactivated Novel Trivalent Vaccine Provides Complete Protection against FAdV-4 Causing Hepatitis-Hydropericardium Syndrome and FAdV-8b/-11 Causing Inclusion Body Hepatitis. Transbound Emerg Dis 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/5122382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) related to FAdV-8b and FAdV-11 have been increased in chickens in China since 2015. Clinical concurrent infections of FAdV-4, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11 are quite common, yet there are no commercially available trivalent vaccines against infection by these three serotypes. In our previous study, a bivalent vaccine based on a recombinant FAdV-4, of which fiber-1 was replaced with the fiber of FAdV-8b, has been developed. In this study, a novel recombinant rFAdV-4-fiber/8b + 11 was constructed by inserting FAdV-11 fiber gene into the 1966-bp deletion region of rFAdV-4-fiber/8b genome. The in vitro replication ability of the rFAdV-4-fiber/8b + 11 was similar to the parental FAdV-4. One dose immunization with the inactivated rFAdV-4-fiber/8b + 11 vaccine generated robust immune responses against FAdV-4, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11, and provided efficient clinical protection against FAdV-4, FAdV-8b, and FAdV-11 challenge. This study provides a novel strategy for developing potential trivalent vaccines for the prevention and control of HHS and IBH.
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Chavan VG, Awandkar SP, Kulkarni MB, Chavhan SG, Kulkarni RC, Agnihotri AA. Molecular phylodynamics of fowl adenovirus serotype 11 and 8b from inclusion body hepatitis outbreaks. Virus Genes 2023; 59:148-157. [PMID: 36315316 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-022-01949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotypes are involved in a variety of clinical manifestations in poultry and has resulted in substantial economic loss to the poultry farmers. Despite the endemicity of Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in South Asian countries, including India, its etiology is not well studied. In western India, the rural poultry flocks obtained from the vaccinated parents were experiencing disease outbreaks with substantial economic losses due to heavy outbreaks and mortality. Therefore, the study was conducted to decipher the molecular epidemiology of the FAdV from field outbreaks in western India. A total of 37 commercial broiler poultry flocks and 29 village poultry flocks of western India were visited during 2019 to 2021. Out of these, 19.14% flocks showed incidence of IBH during the age of 15 to 35 days. The mortality ranged from 3.3 percent to 55.28 percent. The samples were subjected for amplification of partial hexon gene covering loop 1 and loop 2. The results revealed 48.28% positivity by PCR. The sequence analysis identified 14 isolates as species D serotype 11 with 0.97 to 0.99% divergence and two as species E serotype 8b with 0.99% divergence. The FAdV-11 isolates showed amino acid substitutions D195N, T399A, N417S, and N496H. The amino acids I188 and N195 were conserved in FAdV-11. The molecular clock in Bayesian methods was used to determine most common ancestor. The isolates MH379249 and MH379248 were determined the most recent common ancestor for FAdV-11 and FAdV-8b isolates. The analysis suggested evolution of 10 FAdV-11 strains in 2012, and four FAdV-11 strains and two FAdV-8b strains in 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishranti G Chavan
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Sudhakar P Awandkar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India.
| | - Mahesh B Kulkarni
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Sambhaji G Chavhan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Ram C Kulkarni
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
| | - Aditya A Agnihotri
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal & Fishery Sciences University, Udgir, India
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Ugwu CC, Hair-Bejo M, Nurulfiza MI, Omar AR, Ideris A. Efficacy, humoral, and cell-mediated immune response of inactivated fowl adenovirus 8b propagated in chicken embryo liver cells using bioreactor in broiler chickens. Vet World 2022; 15:2681-2692. [PMID: 36590109 PMCID: PMC9798058 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2681-2692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) 8b causes inclusion body hepatitis, resulting in major economic losses globally among chickens. The objectives were to inactivate FAdV 8b isolate propagated in chicken embryo liver (CEL) cells using a stirred tank bioreactor (UPM08136P5B1) and determine the humoral and cell-mediated immune response, efficacy, and virus shedding in broiler chickens. Materials and Methods The FAdV 8b isolate UPM08136P5B1 was inactivated using binary ethyleneimine, adjuvanted with Montanide 71VG, inoculated into day-old broiler chickens in a booster group (BG) and non-booster group (NBG), and challenged with a pathogenic FAdV 8b strain. Clinical signs, gross lesions, body weight (BW), liver: body weight ratio, FAdV antibody titer using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and histopathological changes were recorded. The CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-lymphocyte profiles of the liver, spleen, and thymus using flow cytometry, and viral load in liver and cloacal shedding using quantitative polymerase chain reaction were evaluated. Results Chickens in the challenged control group (CCG) exhibited mild clinical signs, gross lesions, and histopathological changes, which were absent in the inoculated groups, and had lower BW and higher liver BW ratio than chickens in the unchallenged control group (UCG); BG and NBG on 35- and 42-days post-inoculation (DPI). Chickens in NBG and BG had higher antibodies than UCG on 7, 21, 35, and 42 DPI. The challenged BG and NBG produced higher antibodies than the CCG on 35 DPI. T-lymphocytes were higher among the inoculated groups than UCG in the liver, spleen, and thymus. Inoculated challenged groups recorded higher CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes on 35 and 42 DPI than CCG. The challenged control group had a significantly higher viral load in the liver than challenged that in BG on 35 DPI and BG and NBG on 42 DPI. The challenged control group had significantly higher challenge FAdV shedding than challenged inoculated groups on 35 and NBG on 42 DPI. Conclusion UPM08136P5B1 was successfully inactivated and mixed with Montanide 71VG. The inactivated vaccine candidate that induced humoral and cellular immunity was effective, reduced FAdV load in the liver, and shedding in the cloaca, and could be useful against FAdV 8b infections in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidozie Clifford Ugwu
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri 460114, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Hair-Bejo
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia,Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia,Corresponding author: Mohd Hair-Bejo, e-mail: Co-authors: CCU: , MIN: , ARO: , AI:
| | - Mat Isa Nurulfiza
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia,Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aini Ideris
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia,Laboratory of Vaccines and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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Li S, Zhao R, Yang Q, Wu M, Ma J, Wei Y, Pang Z, Wu C, Liu Y, Gu Y, Liao M, Sun H. Phylogenetic and pathogenic characterization of current fowl adenoviruses in China. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 105:105366. [PMID: 36115642 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) continue to outbreak and cause huge economic losses to the poultry industry in China. The homologous recombination accounts for the diversity serotypes of adenovirus. However, the prevalence, recombination and pathogenicity of current FAdVs remain unclear. Herein, the prevalence, phylogenetic feature and pathogenicity of FAdVs in China in 2019 were characterized. Our findings showed that multiple species and serotypes of FAdVs currently circulate in China, including A, C, D and E species, and 1, 2, 4, 8a and 8b serotypes. Notably, the recombination occurred between FAdV-8a and FAdV-8b, and the recombination regions included Hexon, Fiber, ORF19 and ORF20. All five FAdVs replicated effectively in various chicken tissues, and viral shedding peaked at 4-8 dpi. Except CH/GDSZ/1905(FAdV-1/A), the remaining FAdVs caused obvious inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, of which CH/JSXZ/1905(FAdV-4/C) caused hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome (HHS) with a mortality rate of 62.5%. Taken together, our findings illustrate the prevalence, recombination and pathogenicity of current FAdVs in China and strengthen surveillance and further pathogenicity studies of FAdVs are extremely urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Qingzhou Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Meihua Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Jinhuan Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yifan Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Zifeng Pang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Changrong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Yongxia Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Avian Influenza and Other Major Poultry Diseases, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China.
| | - Hailiang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province, China; National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, China.
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Abghour S, Mouahid M, Darkaoui S, Berrada J, Zro K, Kichou F. Pathogenicity of field strain of fowl aviadenovirus serotype 11 isolated from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis in Morocco. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261284. [PMID: 34914781 PMCID: PMC8675708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of inclusion body hepatitis have emerged in Morocco since 2013 and has resulted in significant economic losses to poultry farms. Three isolates of the causative virus, Fowl adenonovirus (FAdV)were characterized from chickens with IBH, but their pathogenicity has never been investigated. In this work, the pathogenicity of an isolate FAdV 11 (MOR300315 strain) was evaluated by inoculating a group of 40 SPF chickens at 3 days of age by oral route. A group of 40 chicks injected with phosphate-buffered saline solution was used as a control group. The infected chickens showed decreased weight gain from 3dpi. Necropsy displayed pallor and enlargement in liver, swelling and slight hemorrhage in kidney and spleen at 6 dpi. Histopathological changes were mainly characterized by severe and extensive hepatic necrosis associated with the presence of basophilic intra-nuclear inclusion bodies within hepatocytes. The FAdV was reisolated in chicken embryo fibroblast cell culture from liver tissue homogenate of infected chicken from 3 to 6 dpi. Viral DNA was detected by PCR in liver, kidney, spleen and cloacal swabs from 3 to 13 dpi. Antibody response against inoculated FAdV was appeared from 9 dpi. These results confirmed that the FAdV 11 strain is pathogenic in chicken. This study is the first experimental infection of FAdV 11 in chicken in Morocco, which increase our understanding of its pathogenicity in chickens and indicate that preventive measures against FAdV infection in poultry farms should be implemented in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Abghour
- Division of Pharmacy and Veterinary Inputs, ONSSA, Rabat, Morocco
- Hassan 2nd Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Sami Darkaoui
- Division of Pharmacy and Veterinary Inputs, ONSSA, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jaouad Berrada
- Hassan 2nd Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalil Zro
- Department of Development of Production Sectors, Ministry of Agriculture and Maritime Fisheries, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Faouzi Kichou
- Hassan 2nd Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Rabat, Morocco
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8
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Sohaimi NM, Hair-Bejo M. A recent perspective on fiber and hexon genes proteins analyses of fowl adenovirus toward virus infectivity-A review. Open Vet J 2021; 11:569-580. [PMID: 35070851 PMCID: PMC8770197 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2021.v11.i4.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) is a double-stranded DNA virus with a non-enveloped structure comprising three major proteins known as hexon, penton, and fiber. Molecular analysis which emphasizes on hexon and fiber proteins is currently the major focus of curiosity for FAdV antigenicity and pathogenicity. Recently, disease outbreaks associated with FAdV infections such as inclusion body hepatitis, hepatitis hydropericardium syndrome, and gizzard erosion, were commonly reported and continue to increase worldwide. Studies on the virulence gene of the virus were intensively conducted to provide a better understanding on the role of these major capsid proteins in the development of a safe and effective vaccine against the disease in the poultry industry. This paper highlights the variations of the fiber and hexon genes, their importance in genotypes and serotypes differentiation, and infectivity between FAdV strains. It appears that the L1 loop of hexon and the knob of fiber genes are the infectivity markers for FAdV infection. The fiber-2 protein plays a major role in FAdV pathogenicity than the hexon protein, while the fiber-1 protein is important for viral replication and assembly, regardless of virulence capability instead of infectivity. The hexon protein plays a major role in virus infectivity and tissue tropism. These findings could further enhance the knowledge of FAdV strains’ classification and evolution, diagnosis, and strategies to prevent and control FAdV infection and outbreaks in chicken farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norfitriah Mohamed Sohaimi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hair-Bejo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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9
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The fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) induce cellular pathway in chickens to produce interferon and antigen-presented molecules (MHCI/II). Poult Sci 2021; 100:101406. [PMID: 34428643 PMCID: PMC8385439 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
FAdV-4 is the major strain of adenovirus that responsible for hydro-pericardial syndrome (HPS) in poultry. In this study, the virus's specific gene fragments were isolated from clinically suspected cases and amplified by PCR. Finally, after a viral infection to investigate the immune response of the host, the gene expression of MHC (major histo-compatible) molecules (MHCIα, MHCIIβ), Ii (Invariant Chain) gene, inflammatory cytokines (IFN-β, IFN-γ, and IL-1β), and transcription factors (MDA5, STING, IRF7, and NF-kB) were detected by real-time PCR (fluorescence technology). The results of sequence comparison showed that the clinically isolated virus was 100% homologous to a virulent strain of avian adenovirus group C serotype 4 (FAdV-4), which were named AH-FAdV-4. The TCID50 and pathogenicity of the virus were determined that was 106.52/0.1 mL with a mortality rate of 100% in chickens and 0% in ducks. Furthermore, results showed that the expression level of MHCIα, MHCIIβ, and Ii genes in chicken embryo kidney cells significantly (P < 0.01) upregulated (increased) after infection, which was 43, 5.2, and 2.5 times higher than the control group. With the addition of PDTC, an inhibitor of NF-kB, then the expression level of MHCIα, MHCIIβ, and Ii was decreased significantly (P < 0.01) than the control group. The transcription levels of these genes were decreased 0.64, 0.27, and 0.26 respectively. Simultaneously, the expression levels of IFN-β, IFN-γ, and IL-1β were also significantly (P < 0.01) up-regulated (increased) 7.8, 22.7, and 5 times higher than the control group. It was found that up-regulation of STING and NF-κB pathways are directly involved in the regulation of inflammatory cytokines (IFN-β, IFN-γ, and IL-1β), MHC molecules (MHCIα, MHCIIβ), and Ii gene. The results also showed that the gene regulation pathways consecutively increased the expression levels of MDA5, STING, IRF7, and NF-kB. It is conducted that the expression levels of cytokines, MHC molecules, and li gene were increased by STING and NF-kB pathways.
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10
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Yuan F, Song H, Hou L, Wei L, Zhu S, Quan R, Wang J, Wang D, Jiang H, Liu H, Liu J. Age-dependence of hypervirulent fowl adenovirus type 4 pathogenicity in specific-pathogen-free chickens. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101238. [PMID: 34157559 PMCID: PMC8237352 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypervirulent fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (hvFAdV-4) has emerged as a major pathogen of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) with increased mortality in chickens, resulting in economic losses to the Chinese poultry industry since June 2015. Here, we isolated a hypervirulent FAdV-4 (hvFAdV-4) strain (designated GD616) from 25-day-old meat-type chickens with severe HHS in Guangdong Province China in June 2017. The whole genome of the strain GD616 shares high homology with those in the recently-reported hvFAdV-4 isolates in China, with natural deletions of ORF19 and ORF27. A comparative analysis of Hexon and Fiber-2 proteins revealed that 2 unique amino acid residues at positions 378 and 453 of the Fiber-2 protein might be associated with virulence due to their occurrences in all the hvFAdV-4 isolates only. To systemically evaluate the effect of age on the susceptibility of chickens to hvFAdV-4, we used this hvFAdV-4 strain to intramuscularly inoculate 7- to 180-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens for the evaluation of pathogenicity. These results showed that the pathogenicity of the hvFAdV-4 strain GD616 to chickens exhibited age-relatedness, with younger than 59-day-old chickens showing 100% morbidity and mortality, while 180-day-old chickens still exhibited a hydropericardium syndrome-like clinicopathology with 60% morbidity and 20% mortality. These findings enrich the current available knowledge regarding the pathogenicity of the hypervirulent FAdV-4 virus in chickens with a wide range of ages, which assists with the selection of suitable-aged chickens for the evaluation of hvFAdV-4 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yuan
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqi Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Quan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jue Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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11
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Sabarudin NS, Tan SW, Phang YF, Omar AR. Molecular characterization of Malaysian fowl adenovirus (FAdV) serotype 8b species E and pathogenicity of the virus in specific-pathogen-free chicken. J Vet Sci 2021; 22:e42. [PMID: 34313038 PMCID: PMC8318787 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is an economically important viral disease primarily affecting broiler and breeder chickens. All 12 serotypes of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) can cause IBH. Objectives To characterize FAdV isolates based on phylogenetic analysis, and to study the pathogenicity of FAdV-8b in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens following virus inoculation via oral and intramuscular (IM) routes. Methods Suspected organ samples were subjected to virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for FAdV detection. Hexon gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed on FAdV-positive samples for serotype identification. One FAdV-8b isolate, UPM/FAdV/420/2017, was selected for fiber gene characterization and pathogenicity study and was inoculated in SPF chickens via oral and IM routes. Results The hexon gene phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to FAdV-8b. The fiber gene-based phylogenetic analysis of isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 supported the grouping of that isolate into FAdV species E. Pathogenicity study revealed that, chickens infected with UPM/FAdV/420/2017 via the IM route had higher clinical score values, higher percent mortality, higher degree of the liver lesions, higher antibody response (p < 0.05), and higher virus shedding amounts (p < 0.05) than those infected via the oral route. The highest virus copy numbers were detected in liver and gizzard. Conclusions FAdV-8b is the dominant FAdV serotype in Malaysia, and pathogenicity study of the FAdV-8b isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 indicated its ability to induce IBH in young SPF chickens when infected via oral or IM routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syazana Sabarudin
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yuen Fun Phang
- Regional Operating Unit South East Asia and South Korea, Boehringer Ingelheim Singapore Pte Ltd, 199555 Singapore
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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12
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Lv L, Lu H, Wang K, Shao H, Mei N, Ye JQ, Chen HJ. Emerging of a novel natural recombinant fowl adenovirus in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 68:283-288. [PMID: 32657542 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of hydropericardium syndrome and inclusion body hepatitis caused by fowl adenovirus (FAdV) have occurred in China since June 2015, resulting in significant economic loss to poultry industry. In this study, a novel FAdV, designated as AH720, with recombination among serotype FAdV-8a and FAdV-8b was isolated and characterized in China. Full genome analysis revealed that the AH720 has the genome backbone from FAdV-8b and the fibre gene from FAdV-8a. In an infection study, although AH720 was not lethal to chickens, AH720 did cause characteristic lesions of inclusion body hepatitis in the infected chickens. All these data not only provide strong evidences for the recombination among different serotype FAdVs, but also highlight the necessary for monitoring the molecular epidemiology of such recombinant FAdV to develop efficient strategies against FAdV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lv
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Shao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Nan Mei
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Qiang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Jun Chen
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
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13
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Lu H, Wang W, Zhang J, Shao H, Li L, Li T, Xie Q, Wan Z, Qin A, Ye J. An efficient fiber-based ELISA for detection of antibody against fowl adenovirus serotypes 7 and 8. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 32:444-449. [PMID: 32270752 DOI: 10.1177/1040638720913354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of inclusion body hepatitis caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 8 (FAdV-8) has caused significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. However, a rapid serology test kit specific to FAdV-8 is not available to date. We developed a fiber-based ELISA using the purified GST-fiber of FAdV-8 as coating antigen to measure antibodies against FAdV-8. Specificity analysis showed that our ELISA could react with sera against FAdV-7, -8a, and -8b, but not with sera against the other pathogens tested. Moreover, detection of positive sera with our ELISA had 83% and 94% agreement with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and a commercial ELISA from BioChek, respectively. Our ELISA was also effective in the detection of antibodies against FAdV-8 in sera from both experimentally infected and clinically vaccinated chickens. Our FAdV-8 fiber-based ELISA can be a valuable tool to specifically and sensitively detect antibodies against FAdV-7 and/or -8 in infected or vaccinated chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Weikang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Hongxia Shao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Luyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Tuofan Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Quan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Zhimin Wan
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Aijian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
| | - Jianqiang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine; and Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China; and Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Lu, Wang, Shao, L. Li, T. Li, Xie, Wan, Qin, Ye).,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China (Zhang)
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14
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Mohamed Sohaimi N, Bejo MH, Omar AR, Ideris A, Mat Isa N. Molecular characterization of fowl adenovirus isolate of Malaysia attenuated in chicken embryo liver cells and its pathogenicity and immunogenicity in chickens. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225863. [PMID: 31891571 PMCID: PMC6938336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) is the causative agent of inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) in chickens with significant economic losses due to high mortality and poor production. It was objectives of the study to attenuate and determine the molecular characteristic of FAdV isolate (UPM1137) of Malaysia passages in primary chicken embryo liver (CEL) cells. The cytopathic effect (CPE) was recorded and the present of the virus was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nucleotide and amino acid changes were determined and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. The pathogenicity and immunogenicity of the virus at passage 35 (CEL35) with virus titre of 106.7TCID50/mL was determined in day old specific pathogen free (SPF) chicks via oral or subcutaneous route of inoculation. The study demonstrated that the FAdV isolate was successfully propagated and attenuated in CEL cells up to 35th consecutive passages (CEL35) with delayed of CPE formation within 48 to 72 post inoculation (pi) from CEL20 onwards. The virus caused typical CPE with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies, refractile and clumping of cells. The virus is belong to serotype 8b with substitution of amino acid at position 44, 133 and 185 in L1 loop of hexon gene and in knob of fiber gene at position 348 and 360 at CEL35. It is non-pathogenic, but immunogenic in SPF chickens. It was concluded that the FAdV isolate was successfully attenuated in CEL cells with molecular changes in major capsid proteins which affect its infectivity in cell culture and SPF chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Hair Bejo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aini Ideris
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurulfiza Mat Isa
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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15
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Lu H, Shao H, Chen H, Zhang J, Wang W, Li T, Xie Q, Qin A, Ye J. Identification of novel B cell epitopes in the fiber protein of serotype 8 Fowl adenovirus. AMB Express 2019; 9:172. [PMID: 31673824 PMCID: PMC6823311 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0895-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS) and inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) caused by fowl adenovirus (FAdV) infection have resulted in significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Epidemiological analysis revealed that serotype FAdV-8 is one of the major pathogenic FAdVs currently prevalent in domestic flocks. Although the fiber protein of FAdV plays vital roles in viral infection and pathogenesis, the B cell epitope in the fiber protein is less known. In this study, two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to fiber protein of FAdV-8, designated as 4D9 and 5F10, were prepared. Although the mAb 4D9 and 5F10 could not neutralize FAdV-8 infection, 4D9 and 5F10 showed good activities of indirect immunofluorescence, western blot and immunoprecipitation. Epitope analysis revealed that mAb 5F10 recognized 187-219aa in the fiber whereas mAb 4D9 recognized 113-149aa in the fiber. Sequence analysis showed that the epitope recognized by mAb 5F10 was conserve across serotypes FAdV-7, 8a and 8b whereas that for mAb 4D9 was only conserve in FAdV-8b. The generation of mAbs specific to fiber of FAdV-8 and the identification of the novel B cell epitopes here lay the foundation for further studying the antigenicity of the fiber and developing specific diagnosis for FAdV-8.
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16
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Steer-Cope PA, Sandy JR, O'Rourke D, Scott PC, Browning GF, Noormohammadi AH. Vaccination with FAdV-8a induces protection against inclusion body hepatitis caused by homologous and heterologous strains. Avian Pathol 2019; 48:396-405. [PMID: 31042049 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2019.1612032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fowl aviadenoviruses (FAdV) are important avian pathogens, responsible for several poultry diseases prevalent worldwide, including inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). FAdV intraspecies cross-protection has been clearly demonstrated, but there is little evidence that any interspecies cross-protection exists. The present study aimed to assess the inter- and intraspecies protection between three FAdV field isolates (FAdV-8a, FAdV-8b, FAdV-11) identified in association with severe IBH outbreaks. Inocula prepared using inactivated plaque-purified virus with adjuvant Montanide™ ISA 71VG, were injected intramuscularly into 3-week-old SPF chickens. At 6-weeks of age, the birds were challenged with 106 TCID50 of homologous or heterologous virus intraperitoneally, and full post mortem examination performed at 4 days post-challenge. Various tissues were examined for gross and histological lesions and assessed for the presence of virus by PCR-HRM. All homologous-type vaccine/challenge groups exhibited protection against IBH lesions with no virus detected in the tissues. Unvaccinated groups challenged with virus showed evidence of FAdV-induced lesions; however, FAdV-8a demonstrated lower pathogenicity compared with FAdV-8b and FAdV-11. In the heterologous-type vaccine/challenge groups, FAdV-8a vaccine was shown to protect against challenge with both FAdV-8b and FAdV-11. FAdV-8a and 8b belong to species E and were therefore anticipated to cross-protect. However, FAdV-11 belongs to species D and therefore cross-protection by FAdV-8a was an uncharacteristic and unique finding of this study. Further research is required to disseminate the molecular basis for the interspecies cross-protection between FAdV-8a and FAdV-11. Nonetheless, the FAdV-8a isolate was shown to have substantial potential as a vaccine candidate in countries where FAdV-8a, 8b or 11 are prevalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope A Steer-Cope
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Werribee , Australia.,Poultry CRC, University of New England , Armidale , Australia
| | - Jeanine R Sandy
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Werribee , Australia
| | - Denise O'Rourke
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Werribee , Australia
| | - Peter C Scott
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Werribee , Australia
| | - Glenn F Browning
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Werribee , Australia
| | - Amir H Noormohammadi
- Asia-Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Werribee , Australia.,Poultry CRC, University of New England , Armidale , Australia
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17
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Sohaimi NM, Bejo MH, Omar AR, Ideris A, Isa NM. Hexon and fiber gene changes in an attenuated fowl adenovirus isolate from Malaysia in embryonated chicken eggs and its infectivity in chickens. J Vet Sci 2019; 19:759-770. [PMID: 30173491 PMCID: PMC6265588 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.6.759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) is distributed worldwide and causes economic losses in the poultry industry. The objectives of this study were to determine the hexon and fiber gene changes in an attenuated FAdV isolate from Malaysia in specific pathogen-free chicken embryonated eggs (SPF CEE) and its infectivity in commercial broiler chickens. SPF CEE were inoculated with 0.1 mL FAdV inoculum via the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) for 20 consecutive passages. The isolate at passage 20 (E20), with a virus titer of 108.7TCID50/mL (TCID50, 50% tissue culture infective dose), was inoculated (0.5 mL) into one-day-old commercial broiler chicks either via oral or intraperitoneal routes. The study demonstrated that 100% embryonic mortality was recorded from E2 to E20 with a delayed pattern at E17 onwards. The lesions were confined to the liver and CAM. Substitutions of amino acids in the L1 loop of hexon at positions 49 and 66, and in the knob of fiber at positions 318 and 322 were recorded in the E20 isolate. The isolate belongs to serotype 8b and is non-pathogenic to broiler chickens, but it is able to induce a FAdV antibody titer. It appears that molecular changes in the L1 loop of hexon and the knob of fiber are markers for FAdV infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norfitriah M Sohaimi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd H Bejo
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul R Omar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Aini Ideris
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Nurulfiza M Isa
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Malaysia
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18
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Pei Y, Corredor JC, Krell PJ, Nagy É. Fowl adenovirus 9 ORF19, a lipase homolog, is nonessential for virus replication and is suitable for foreign gene expression. Virus Res 2019; 260:129-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Zhang Y, Liu R, Tian K, Wang Z, Yang X, Gao D, Zhang Y, Fu J, Wang H, Zhao J. Fiber2 and hexon genes are closely associated with the virulence of the emerging and highly pathogenic fowl adenovirus 4. Emerg Microbes Infect 2018; 7:199. [PMID: 30514838 PMCID: PMC6279807 DOI: 10.1038/s41426-018-0203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Since May 2015, outbreaks of hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome (HHS) caused by fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) with a novel genotype have been reported in China, causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. A previous comparative analysis revealed that highly virulent FAdV-4 isolates contain various genomic deletions and multiple distinct mutations in the major structural genes fiber2 and hexon. To identify the genes responsible for the virulence of HHS-associated novel FAdV-4 isolates, FAdV-4 infectious clones were constructed by directly cloning the whole genome of a highly pathogenic FAdV-4 isolate (CH/HNJZ/2015) and that of a nonpathogenic strain (ON1) into a p15A-cm vector using the ExoCET method. Subsequently, the fiber2, hexon, and 1966-bp fragment-replaced mutant/recombinant viruses were constructed using Redαβ recombineering and ccdB counter-selection techniques. The pathogenicity of the rescued viruses was compared with that of the rescued parent viruses rHNJZ and rON1 in 3-week-old SPF chickens. Chickens infected with the rescued viruses carrying the fiber2 and/or hexon gene of the HNJZ strain developed similar clinical signs to the natural infection, with distinctive gross lesions and characteristic histological signs indicative of HHS observed in sick/dead chickens. Our results clearly demonstrated that the virulence of the novel highly pathogenic FAdV-4 strain was independent of the 1966-bp deletion and that the fiber2 and hexon genes have crucial roles in FAdV-4 pathogenicity. The data presented in this report will provide further insights into the crucial factors determining the pathogenicity of FAdV strains. Furthermore, the infectious clones generated based on the FAdV-4 genome can be used as a platform for studies of gene function and for the development of recombinant vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruxin Liu
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Kaiyue Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xia Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Dongsheng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Youming Zhang
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Hailong Wang
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Jun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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20
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Ruan S, Zhao J, He Z, Yang H, Zhang G. Analysis of pathogenicity and immune efficacy of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 isolates. Poult Sci 2018; 97:2647-2653. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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21
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Wang P, Zhang J, Wang W, Li T, Liang G, Shao H, Gao W, Qin A, Ye J. A novel monoclonal antibody efficiently blocks the infection of serotype 4 fowl adenovirus by targeting fiber-2. Vet Res 2018. [PMID: 29523195 PMCID: PMC5845368 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent outbreak of hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome caused by serotype 4 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-4) has resulted in significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. However, little is known about the molecular pathogenesis of FAdV-4. In this study, a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting the fiber-2 protein of FAdV-4 was generated, mAb 3C2. Indirect immunofluorescence assay showed that mAb 3C2 neither reacted with serotype 8 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-8) nor reacted with the fiber-1 protein of FAdV-4; it specifically reacted with the fiber-2 protein of FAdV-4. Notably, mAb 3C2 could efficiently immunoprecipitate the fiber-2 protein in chicken liver cells either infected with FAdV-4 or transfected with pcDNA3.1-Fiber2. Moreover, mAb 3C2 demonstrated marked neutralizing activity against FAdV-4 and could efficiently inhibit the infection of FAdV-4 in vitro. Using truncated fiber-2 constructs, the epitope recognized by mAb 3C2 was determined to be located between amino acids 416-448 at the C-terminus of fiber-2. Our data not only provide a foundation for the establishment of a rapid fiber-2 peptide-based diagnostic assay for FAdV-4 but also highlight the critical role of the fiber-2 protein in mediating infection by FAdV-4. Furthermore, the epitope recognized by 3C2 might serve as a novel target for the development of a vaccine targeting FAdV-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weikang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tuofan Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangchen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxia Shao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China.,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aijian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China. .,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianqiang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, 225127, Jiangsu, China. .,Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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22
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Slaine PD, Ackford JG, Kropinski AM, Kozak RA, Krell PJ, Nagy É. Molecular characterization of pathogenic and nonpathogenic fowl aviadenovirus serotype 11 isolates. Can J Microbiol 2016; 62:993-1002. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fowl aviadenoviruses, many of which are of importance in veterinary medicine, are classified into 5 species. In this study, a pathogenic isolate and a nonpathogenic isolate of fowl aviadenovirus serotype 11 (FAdV-11) of species Fowl aviadenovirus D were characterized. Growth rates were analyzed for the 2 isolates, showing notable differences. The complete genomic sequences of the viruses were fully determined and were analyzed. The genomes of the 2 isolates showed 98.1% sequence identity and revealed 6 nonsynonymous mutations between the Ontario isolates. Two of the 6 mutations were also found in the sequences of recently published pathogenic Chinese fowl aviadenovirus 11 isolates, suggesting potential molecular markers that could be associated with pathogenesis. Deletions were found in the L5 region within the overlapping coding sequences for the 100, 22, and 33 kDa proteins, and these were found in only the nonpathogenic isolates. This molecular pattern was identified in FAdV-9, another nonpathogenic FAdV-D species virus. Furthermore, the tandem repeat regions varied dramatically; the pathogenic isolates contained a reduced number of tandem repeats compared with the nonpathogenic isolates. Lastly, a protein produced early in infection was analyzed using bioinformatics to determine its role in disease. This study highlights several candidate molecular determinants of avian adenovirus genomes related to pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D. Slaine
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - James G. Ackford
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Andrew M. Kropinski
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Robert A. Kozak
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Peter J. Krell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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23
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Absalón AE, Morales-Garzón A, Vera-Hernández PF, Cortés-Espinosa DV, Uribe-Ochoa SM, García LJ, Lucio-Decanini E. Complete genome sequence of a non-pathogenic strain of Fowl Adenovirus serotype 11: Minimal genomic differences between pathogenic and non-pathogenic viruses. Virology 2016; 501:63-69. [PMID: 27865971 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted the clinicopathological characterization of a non-pathogenic FAdV-D serotype 11 strain MX95, isolated from healthy chickens, and its entire genome was sequenced. Experiments in SPF chickens revealed that the strain is a non-pathogenic virus that did not cause death at challenge doses of 1×106 TCID50. Additionally, the infection in SPF chickens caused no apparent damage in most of the organs analyzed by necropsy and histopathology, but it did cause inclusion body hepatitis; nevertheless it did not generate severe infectious clinical symptoms. The virus was detected in several chicken organs, including the lymphoid organs, by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) until 42 days. The genome of FAdV-11 MX95 has a size of 44,326bp, and it encodes 36 open reading frames (ORFs). Comparative analysis of the genome indicated only 0.8% dissimilarity with a highly virulent serotype 11 that was previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel E Absalón
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico.
| | - Andrés Morales-Garzón
- Investigación Aplicada S.A. de C.V., 7 Norte No. 416 Col. Centro, Tehuacán, Puebla CP 75740, Mexico
| | - Pedro F Vera-Hernández
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Diana V Cortés-Espinosa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Sara M Uribe-Ochoa
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Laura J García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada-Unidad Tlaxcala, Carr. Est. Santa Inés Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla Km. 1.5, Tepetitla, Tlaxcala CP 90700, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Lucio-Decanini
- Investigación Aplicada S.A. de C.V., 7 Norte No. 416 Col. Centro, Tehuacán, Puebla CP 75740, Mexico
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24
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Park HS, Lim IS, Kim SK, Kim TK, Park CK, Yeo SG. Molecular analysis of the hexon, penton base, and fiber-2 genes of Korean fowl adenovirus serotype 4 isolates from hydropericardium syndrome-affected chickens. Virus Genes 2016; 53:111-116. [PMID: 27683170 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-016-1393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) is the causative agent of hydropericardium syndrome (HPS), a highly pathogenic disease in poultry. In the present study, hexon, penton base, and fiber-2 genes encoding major capsid proteins were analyzed in four FAdV-4 isolates from HPS-affected chickens in Korea. Nucleotide sequences of the entire hexon (2811 bases), penton base (1578 bases), and fiber-2 (1425 bases) genes from the Korean isolates were 97.5-99.3, 99.1-99.7, and 95.5-99.0 % identical, respectively, to those of foreign FAdV-4 isolates. In the N-terminal tail region of fiber-2, the KRP motif predicted to be the nuclear localization signal was identified in the Korean isolates, whereas KRP/A was detected in other isolates. The VYPF motif in fiber-2, which is known to interact with the penton base, was present in the same region of all FAdV-4 isolates that were compared. Amino acid variations in fiber-2 for HPS and non-HPS isolates revealed that D219 and T300 were conserved among ten HPS isolates from five countries, including Korea. T380 in fiber-2, previously found in HPS isolates, corresponded to A380 in the Korean isolates, indicating that T380 is not relevant for increased virulence. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the four Korean FAdV-4 isolates were more related to MX-SHP95, a Mexican FAdV-4 isolate of HPS origin, than to FAdV-4 isolates of Indian and Chinese origin, suggesting that the genetic relationship among FAdV-4 isolates is independent of geographic distribution. The molecular features of these genes will provide valuable information for vaccine development against HPS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Su Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Diseases Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, 120 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Il-Soo Lim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Diseases Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Diseases Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Toh-Kyung Kim
- Gyeongnam Livestock Promotion Institute, Jinju, 52733, Republic of Korea
| | - Choi-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Diseases Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Geon Yeo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Diseases Intervention Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Marek A, Kaján GL, Kosiol C, Benkő M, Schachner A, Hess M. Genetic diversity of species Fowl aviadenovirus D and Fowl aviadenovirus E. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:2323-2332. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marek
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Győző L. Kaján
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Carolin Kosiol
- Institut für Populationsgenetik, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mária Benkő
- Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Schachner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Hess
- Clinic for Poultry and Fish Medicine, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Poultry Vaccines, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Ye J, Liang G, Zhang J, Wang W, Song N, Wang P, Zheng W, Xie Q, Shao H, Wan Z, Wang C, Chen H, Gao W, Qin A. Outbreaks of serotype 4 fowl adenovirus with novel genotype, China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2016; 5:e50. [PMID: 27222325 PMCID: PMC4893547 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2016.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Ye
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Guangchen Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Sinopharm Yangzhou VAC Biological Engineering Co., LTD, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Weikang Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Na Song
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Wenlv Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Quan Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Hongxia Shao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Zhimin Wan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Chengming Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Hongjun Chen
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Aijian Qin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
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27
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Detailed molecular analyses of the hexon loop-1 and fibers of fowl aviadenoviruses reveal new insights into the antigenic relationship and confirm that specific genotypes are involved in field outbreaks of inclusion body hepatitis. Vet Microbiol 2016; 186:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Pathogenicity and Complete Genome Characterization of Fowl Adenoviruses Isolated from Chickens Associated with Inclusion Body Hepatitis and Hydropericardium Syndrome in China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133073. [PMID: 26167857 PMCID: PMC4500579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we determined and genetically characterized three fowl adenoviruses isolated from chickens with inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS) in China and assessed their pathogenicity. The full genome of HBQ12, BJH13 and JSJ13 was found to be 44,081, 43,966 and 43,756 nucleotides long, respectively. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain HBQ12 and BJH13 were clustered together belonging to fowl adenoviruses D species and serotyped as FAdV-11, whereas strain JSJ13 was classified into fowl adenoviruses C species and serotyped as FAdV-4. To our knowledge, this is the first report of FAdV-4 strain circulating in China. The pathogenicity test showed that mortality for chickens infected with HBQ12 and JSJ13 within 21 days post infection (dpi) was 8.6% and 28.6%, respectively. Necropsy displayed mild or severe hepatitis and hydropericardium at 3 and 5 dpi as well as dead chickens. Viral DNA was detected in almost all tissues sampled from dead chickens. These results revealed that fowl adenovirus strains HBQ12 and JSJ13 are capable of causing IBH and HPS in chickens, indicating that preventive measures against FAdV infection on poultry farms should be implemented in China.
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