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Vásquez Bonilla JN, Barranco Florido E, Hamdan Partida A, Ponce Alquicira E, Loera O. Interaction of beauvericin in combination with antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. Toxicon 2024; 243:107713. [PMID: 38615997 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance in bacteria is a major challenge worldwide, increasing both mortality by infections and costs for the health systems. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to find new drugs against resistant bacteria. Beauvericin (BEA) is a mycotoxin produced by entomopathogenic and other fungi of the genus Fusarium. Our work determines the effect of BEA combined with antibiotics, which has not been previously explored. The combination analysis included different antibiotics against non-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (NT-MRSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Salmonella typhimurium. BEA showed a synergy effect with oxacillin with a fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) = 0.373 and an additive effect in combination with lincomycin (FICI = 0.507) against MRSA. In contrast, it was an antagonist when combined with ciprofloxacin against S. typhimurium. We propose BEA as a molecule with the potential for the development of new therapies in combination with current antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esteban Barranco Florido
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aida Hamdan Partida
- Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edith Ponce Alquicira
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Octavio Loera
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Zhang Z, Guo W, Lu Y, Kang Q, Sui L, Liu H, Zhao Y, Zou X, Li Q. Hypovirulence-associated mycovirus epidemics cause pathogenicity degeneration of Beauveria bassiana in the field. Virol J 2023; 20:255. [PMID: 37924080 PMCID: PMC10623766 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The entomogenous fungus Beauveria bassiana is used as a biological insecticide worldwide, wild B. bassiana strains with high pathogenicity in the field play an important role in controlling insect pests via not only screening of highly virulent strains but also natural infection, but the pathogenicity degeneration of wild strains severely affected aforementioned effects. Previous studies have showed that multiple factors contributed to this phenomenon. It has been extensively proved that the mycovirus infection caused hypovirulence of phytopathogenic fungi, which has been used for plant disease biocontrol. However, it remains unknown whether the mycovirus epidemics is a key factor causing hypovirulence of B. bassiana naturally in the field. METHODS Wild strains of B. bassiana were collected from different geographic locations in Jilin Province, China, to clarify the epidemic and diversity of the mycoviruses. A mycovirus Beauveria bassiana chrysovirus 2 (BbCV2) we have previously identified was employed to clarify its impact on the pathogenicity of host fungi B. bassiana against the larvae of insect pest Ostrinia furnacalis. The serological analysis was conducted by preparing polyclonal antibody against a BbCV2 coat protein, to determine whether it can dissociate outside the host fungal cells and subsequently infect new hosts. Transcriptome analysis was used to reveal the interactions between viruses and hosts. RESULTS We surprisingly found that the mycovirus BbCV2 was prevalent in the field as a core virus in wild B. bassiana strains, without obvious genetic differentiation, this virus possessed efficient and stable horizontal and vertical transmission capabilities. The serological results showed that the virus could not only replicate within but also dissociate outside the host cells, and the purified virions could infect B. bassiana by co-incubation. The virus infection causes B. bassiana hypovirulence. Transcriptome analysis revealed decreased expression of genes related to insect epidermis penetration, hypha growth and toxin metabolism in B. bassiana caused by mycovirus infection. CONCLUSION Beauveria bassiana infected by hypovirulence-associated mycovirus can spread the virus to new host strains after infecting insects, and cause the virus epidemics in the field. The findings confirmed that mycovirus infection may be an important factor affecting the pathogenicity degradation of B. bassiana in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkun Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Kang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sui
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyun Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, People's Republic of China.
- Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132109, People's Republic of China.
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Jin T, Li D, Liu Y, Li K, Wang L. Microbe combined with Fe 2+-heat activated persulfate to decompose phenanthrene in red soil: comparison of acid-resistant degrading microflora and indigenous bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:113932-113947. [PMID: 37853225 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This work is designed to counteract the deficiency of targeted research on the PAHs polluted specific soil, especially when the chemicals extremely denatured it. Phenanthrene-contaminated red soil was treated through two-stage process: persulfate oxidation (on dosages of 3.48%, 5.21%, and 6.94%, combined with Fe2+ and β-cyclodextrin, then heated) followed by biodegradation (indigenous bacteria vs. acid-resistant PAHs-degrading microflora (named ADM)) for 90 days. The dosage of oxidant greatly affected the removal efficiencies, which ranged from 46.78 to 85.34% under different treatment. After undergoing oxidation, the soil pH dropped below 3.0 synchronously and retained relatively strong oxidation state. The indigenous bacteria in red soil showed considerable degradation potential that will not vanish upon the sudden change of soil properties, whose average combined removal reached 95.43%, even higher than subgroups of bioaugmentation, but the population structure showed extremely simplex (Proteobacteria as superior occupied proportion of 91.77% after 90-day rehabilitation). The ADM screened from the coking wastewater was dominated by Klebsiella (75.4%) and Pseudomonas (23.6%), whose cooperation with 6.94% persulfate made the residual PHE reduced to less than 50 mg·kg-1 in about 28 days. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the microbial community composition of the ADM applied-group was more abundant in the later stage of remediation. ADM inoculation has the advantages of shortening the restoration period and having a positive impact on the soil micro-ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jin
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanzehua Liu
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Gaur S, Gupta S, Jha PN, Jain A. Rhamnolipid production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (SSL-4) on waste engine oil (WEO): Taguchi optimization, soil remediation, and phytotoxicity investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37682050 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2257915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTEnvironmental concerns and rising biosurfactant demand emphasize the need for this study. The objective is to maximize rhamnolipid-biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (SSL-4) utilizing waste engine oil (WEO) as the sole substrate for use in soil bioremediation and commercial production. Using an L16 Taguchi orthogonal array, a signal-to-noise ratio, and an analysis of variance (ANOVA), the effects of environmental (pH, incubation temperature) and dietary parameters (carbon source concentration, carbon/nitrogen (C/N) and carbon/phosphorus (C/P) ratio) are examined. Variations of the following parameters were made within a carefully selected range: incubation temperature of 25-40℃, pH range of 5-11, WEO concentration of 1-7% (v/v), and C/N and C/P ratios of 10-40. Response variables in this batch study include surface tension reduction (mN/m), dry cell biomass (DCBM) (g/L), and rhamnolipids yield based on substrate consumption, YP/S (g/g). Rhamnolipid was synthesized under optimal conditions, providing a yield of 21.42 g/g. The oil recovery of 74.05 ± 1.481% was achieved from oil-contaminated soil at a CMC of ∼70 mg/L. FTIR, 1H NMR, and UPLC-MS techniques were utilized for the characterization of rhamnolipids, and AAS for determining heavy metals concentration in WEO and residual waste engine oil (RWEO). The Germination Index (GI) of ∼82.55% indicated no phytotoxicity associated with synthesized rhamnolipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailee Gaur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Suresh Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prabhat N Jha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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Reyes G, Andrade B, Betancourt I, Panchana F, Solórzano R, Preciado C, Sorroza L, Trujillo LE, Bayot B. Microbial signature profiles of Penaeus vannamei larvae in low-survival hatchery tanks affected by vibriosis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15795. [PMID: 37671363 PMCID: PMC10476614 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibriosis is caused by some pathogenic Vibrio and produces significant mortality in Pacific white shrimp Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei larvae in commercial hatcheries. Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is an emerging vibriosis affecting shrimp-producing countries worldwide. Zoea 2 syndrome is another type of vibriosis that affects the early stages of P. vannamei larvae. Although the pathogenesis of AHPND and zoea 2 syndrome is well known, there is scarce information about microbial composition and biomarkers of P.vannamei larvae affected by AHPND, and there is no study of the microbiome of larvae affected by zoea 2 syndrome. In this work, we characterized the microbiome of P. vannamei larvae collected from 12 commercial hatchery tanks by high-throughput sequencing. Seven tanks were affected by AHPND, and five tanks were affected by zoea 2 syndrome. Subsequently, all samples were selected for sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the16S rRNA gene. Similarity analysis using the beta diversity index revealed significant differences in the larval bacterial communities between disease conditions, particularly when Vibrio was analyzed. Linear discriminant analysis with effect size determined specific microbial signatures for AHPND and zoea 2 syndrome. Sneathiella, Cyclobacterium, Haliea, Lewinella, among other genera, were abundant in AHPND-affected larvae. Meanwhile, Vibrio, Spongiimonas, Meridianimaribacter, Tenacibaculum, among other genera, were significantly abundant in larvae affected by zoea 2 syndrome. The bacterial network at the phylum level for larvae collected from tanks affected by AHPND showed greater complexity and connectivity than in samples collected from tanks affected by zoea 2 syndrome. The bacterial connections inter Vibrio genera were higher in larvae from tanks affected by zoea 2 syndrome, also presenting other connections between the genera Vibrio and Catenococcus. The identification of specific biomarkers found in this study could be useful for understanding the microbial dynamics during different types of vibriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Reyes
- Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM -ESPOL, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Betsy Andrade
- Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM -ESPOL, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Irma Betancourt
- Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM -ESPOL, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Fanny Panchana
- Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM -ESPOL, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Ramiro Solórzano
- Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM -ESPOL, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Cristhian Preciado
- Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM -ESPOL, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Lita Sorroza
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica de Machala, 5.5 Av Panamericana, Machala, Ecuador
| | - Luis E. Trujillo
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, CENCINAT, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas, ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - Bonny Bayot
- Centro Nacional de Acuacultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM -ESPOL, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ingeniería Marítima y Ciencias del Mar (FIMCM), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Wen R, Shen G, Yu Y, Xu S, Wei J, Huo Y, Jiang S. Optimization of Ti-BA efficiently for the catalytic alcoholysis of waste PET using response surface methodology. RSC Adv 2023; 13:17166-17178. [PMID: 37304773 PMCID: PMC10248717 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01460f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A titanium benzoate (Ti-BA) catalyst was prepared by hydrothermal method, which has an ordered eight-face structure, and was used for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) depolymerization. With bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (BHET) as the target molecule and ethylene glycol (EG) as the solvent, the best reaction conditions for catalytic alcoholysis via a PET alcoholic solution were investigated via response surface experiments and found to be a EG/PET mass ratio of 3.59, temperature of 217 °C and reaction time of 3.3 h. Under these conditions, the amount of the catalyst required was only 2% of the mass of the PET, and the yield of BHET reached 90.01% and under the same conditions, the yield of BHET could still reach 80.1%. Based on the experimental results, the mechanism of alcoholysis, Ti-BA catalyst activated ethylene glycol deprotonation to achieve the progressive degradation of polymers. This experiment provides a reference for the degradation of polymer waste and other transesterification reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyang Wen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 China
| | - Guoliang Shen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 China
| | - Shijie Xu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 China
| | - Jie Wei
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 China
| | - Yue Huo
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 China
| | - Sijin Jiang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology Liaoyang 111003 China
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Umemura M, Tamano K. How to improve the production of peptidyl compounds in filamentous fungi. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2022; 3:1085624. [PMID: 37746201 PMCID: PMC10512285 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2022.1085624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Peptidyl compounds produced by filamentous fungi, which are nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), are rich sources of bioactive compounds with a wide variety of structures. Some of these peptidyl compounds are useful as pharmaceuticals and pesticides. However, for industrial use, their low production often becomes an obstacle, and various approaches have been challenged to overcome this weakness. In this article, we summarize the successful attempts to increase the production of NRPs and RiPPs in filamentous fungi and present our perspectives on how to improve it further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiko Umemura
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Koichi Tamano
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Japan
- Computational Bio Big-Data Open Innovation Laboratory (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
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Toopaang W, Bunnak W, Srisuksam C, Wattananukit W, Tanticharoen M, Yang YL, Amnuaykanjanasin A. Microbial polyketides and their roles in insect virulence: from genomics to biological functions. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:2008-2029. [PMID: 35822627 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00058f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: May 1966 up to January 2022Entomopathogenic microorganisms have potential for biological control of insect pests. Their main secondary metabolites include polyketides, nonribosomal peptides, and polyketide-nonribosomal peptide (PK-NRP) hybrids. Among these secondary metabolites, polyketides have mainly been studied for structural identification, pathway engineering, and for their contributions to medicine. However, little is known about the function of polyketides in insect virulence. This review focuses on the role of bacterial and fungal polyketides, as well as PK-NRP hybrids in insect infection and killing. We also discuss gene distribution and evolutional relationships among different microbial species. Further, the role of microbial polyketides and the hybrids in modulating insect-microbial symbiosis is also explored. Understanding the mechanisms of polyketides in insect pathogenesis, how compounds moderate the host-fungus interaction, and the distribution of PKS genes across different fungi and bacteria will facilitate the discovery and development of novel polyketide-derived bio-insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wachiraporn Toopaang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Amphoe Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. .,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan.,Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Warapon Bunnak
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Amphoe Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Chettida Srisuksam
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Amphoe Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Wilawan Wattananukit
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Amphoe Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
| | - Morakot Tanticharoen
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan 711010, Taiwan
| | - Alongkorn Amnuaykanjanasin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Amphoe Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand.
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Improvement of beauvericin production by Fusarium oxysporum AB2 under solid-state fermentation using an optimised liquid medium and co-cultures. Mycotoxin Res 2022; 38:175-183. [PMID: 35501595 DOI: 10.1007/s12550-022-00458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The production of beauvericin (BEA) by Fusarium oxysporum AB2 in liquid medium (SmF) was compared to that on solid medium (SSF) on inert support (polyurethane foam or PUF), using a previously optimised medium. The analysis included two different concentrations of the medium (1 × and 3 ×). Under SSF, the production of BEA (22.8 mg·L-1) was higher relative to SmF (0.8 mg·L-1). The production increased proportionally in the concentrated medium (3 ×) (65.3 mg·L-1); using the concentrated medium in SmF, the production of BEA was completely inhibited, although more biomass was produced. The peak of BEA production was reached on day 7 and remained stable until day 11; sustained production after several days has not been achieved in similar reports. The presence of BEA was corroborated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. The BEA production profile is shown performing mixed cultures of Fusarium oxysporum AB2 and Epicoccum nigrum TORT using the same system, increasing the production of BEA up to 84.6 mg·L-1. We propose SSF using polyurethane foam (PUF) as a solid support as a new culture system for obtaining secondary metabolites such as BEA.
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