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Liu ZW, Liu F, Shao CT, Yan GP, Wu JY. Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonamide-Containing Naphthalimides as Fluorescent Probes. Molecules 2024; 29:2774. [PMID: 38930839 PMCID: PMC11206436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A tumor-targeting fluorescent probe has attracted increasing interest in fluorescent imaging for the noninvasive detection of cancers in recent years. Sulfonamide-containing naphthalimide derivatives (SN-2NI, SD-NI) were synthesized by the incorporation of N-butyl-4-ethyldiamino-1,8-naphthalene imide (NI) into sulfonamide (SN) and sulfadiazine (SD) as the tumor-targeting groups, respectively. These derivatives were further characterized by mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), and a fluorescence assay. In vitro properties, including cell cytotoxicity and the cell uptake of tumor cells, were also evaluated. Sulfonamide-containing naphthalimide derivatives possessed low cell cytotoxicity to B16F10 melanoma cells. Moreover, SN-2NI and SD-NI can be taken up highly by B16F10 cells and then achieve good green fluorescent images in B16F10 cells. Therefore, sulfonamide-containing naphthalimide derivatives can be considered to be the potential probes used to target fluorescent imaging in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (Z.-W.L.); (F.L.); (C.-T.S.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (Z.-W.L.); (F.L.); (C.-T.S.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Chun-Tao Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (Z.-W.L.); (F.L.); (C.-T.S.); (J.-Y.W.)
| | - Guo-Ping Yan
- College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Jiang-Yu Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; (Z.-W.L.); (F.L.); (C.-T.S.); (J.-Y.W.)
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2
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Weng Y, Wang ZJ, Guo TY, Li WB, Cao YY, Zuo R, Xu PF, Pang H. ICG-ER: a new probe for photoimaging and photothermal therapy for breast cancer. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1991-2001. [PMID: 35422897 PMCID: PMC8991153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is common cancer type with high mortality. There are still inperfections in the traditional diagnosis and treatment methods for cancer. Photoacoustic imaging combines the advantages of high specificity and deep tissue penetration and is especially suitable for early cancer detection and treatment monitoring. With its specificity and noninvasiveness; photothermal therapy has become one of the best representative treatment methods. Indocyanine green (ICG) is a near-infrared imaging reagent approved by the FDA for clinical application, with a potential application for photothermal therapy. ICG has low targeting specificity. Through the combination of EB and ICG, the timeliness of ICG circulation in vivo is improved, and the tumor targeting of ICG-E is improved by using RGD. ICG-ER, an integrated optical probe for diagnosis and treatment, was constructed, and high uptake of ICG-ER by 4T1 cells was observed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). ICG-ER photoacoustic signal intensity is concentration-dependent. In vivo photoacoustic imaging showed that the ICG-ER concentration time in the tumor site was long and reached a peak at 42 hours. Under laser irradiation, the temperature of the tumor site in mice that were injected with ICG-ER reached 56°C. After photothermal treatment, the tumor tissue in the mice showed obvious necrosis and no tumor recurrence, proving that ICG-ER has a good photothermal effect. Based on the above results, ICG-ER can be used in breast cancer optical imaging and photothermal therapy, which is expected to provide new ideas for breast cancer clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Weng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Jie Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Teng-Yu Guo
- College of Chemistry, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bo Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Yi Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zuo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical UniversityJining 272000, P. R. China
| | - Hua Pang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016, P. R. China
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3
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Jing B, Gai Y, Qian R, Liu Z, Zhu Z, Gao Y, Lan X, An R. Hydrophobic insertion-based engineering of tumor cell-derived exosomes for SPECT/NIRF imaging of colon cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:7. [PMID: 33407513 PMCID: PMC7789573 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00746-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEx) have emerged as promising nanocarriers for drug delivery. Noninvasive multimodality imaging for tracing the in vivo trafficking of TEx may accelerate their clinical translation. In this study, we developed a TEx-based nanoprobe via hydrophobic insertion mechanism and evaluated its performance in dual single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging of colon cancer. Results TEx were successfully isolated from HCT116 supernatants, and their membrane vesicle structure was confirmed by TEM. The average hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of TEx were 110.87 ± 4.61 nm and –9.20 ± 0.41 mV, respectively. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry findings confirmed the high tumor binding ability of TEx. The uptake rate of 99mTc-TEx-Cy7 by HCT116 cells increased over time, reaching 14.07 ± 1.31% at 6 h of co-incubation. NIRF and SPECT imaging indicated that the most appropriate imaging time was 18 h after the injection of 99mTc-TEx-Cy7 when the tumor uptake (1.46% ± 0.06% ID/g) and tumor-to-muscle ratio (8.22 ± 0.65) peaked. Compared with radiolabeled adipose stem cell derived exosomes (99mTc-AEx-Cy7), 99mTc-TEx-Cy7 exhibited a significantly higher tumor accumulation in tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion Hydrophobic insertion-based engineering of TEx may represent a promising approach to develop and label exosomes for use as nanoprobes in dual SPECT/NIRF imaging. Our findings confirmed that TEx has a higher tumor-targeting ability than AEx and highlight the potential usefulness of exosomes in biomedical applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Boping Jing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ruijie Qian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ziyang Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Rui An
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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4
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Park YD, Park JE, Kim HS, Choi SH, Park JE, Jeon J, Park SH. Development of a Squaraine-Based Molecular Probe for Dual-Modal in Vivo Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2607-2617. [PMID: 33108158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dual-modular imaging approaches combining near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence (FLI) and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) require suitable contrast agents to produce dual-modular signals. Although nanoparticles have been used to develop PAI agents, small molecule-based imaging agents have not been extensively studied, highlighting the need to design new fluorophores with an enhanced multifunctional ability. Thus, in this study, we designed a novel squaraine (SQ)-based dye and reported its rational preparation and conjugation with a cancer targeting peptide. Specifically, benzoindole-derived SQ (BSQ) showed strong absorption and fluorescence properties at above 650 nm under aqueous conditions, with a maximum absorption and emission at 665 and 680 nm, respectively. Moreover, PA signal scanning experiments revealed a maximum signal intensity in the range 680-700 nm. BSQ was also conjugated with cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) to improve its active targeting ability for the αvβ3 integrin, which is overexpressed in various cancer and angiogenic cells. A series of in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo FLI studies showed that the cRGD conjugated BSQ (BSQ-RGD2) successfully stained and targeted αvβ3 integrin-overexpressing tumor cells and xenografts, which were clearly visualized by FLI and PAI. Therefore, BSQ-RGD2 can successfully be applied to dual-modular imaging of the specific biomarker in living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Dae Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jam-Eon Park
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Sik Kim
- Medical Photonics Research Center, Korea Photonics Technology Institute, Gwang-ju 61007, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyeon Choi
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongho Jeon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Park
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea
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5
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Tan L, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Wang R, Zu J, Tan R. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Together with Blood-Brain Barrier Regulator Lexiscan for Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:19151-19164. [PMID: 32775917 PMCID: PMC7408215 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacodynamic and biodistribution effects are two important factors in drug research. As a clinical drug, the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) have been widely reported but have still not been described in enough detail. In this study, we first aimed to improve the pharmacology of HSYA in nerve injury treatments. The down-regulative expression of cytokines, including NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β, IL-18, LDH, NF-κB, and p-p56, suggested that HSYA could both suppress pyroptosis and apoptosis pathway activation during the nerve injury. Additionally, HSYA improved the cellular viability in an oxidative stress damage cell model. Second, to further improve the therapeutic effect of the HSYA, we tried to enhance the concentration of HSYA in a lesion. The FDA-approved adenosine receptor agonist Lexiscan (Lex) could inhibit the expression of P-glycoprotein on the endothelial cell surface to transiently increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) without any sustained damage, which was used to assist HSYA in passing through the BBB to increase the accumulation in the brain. Furthermore, living image and distribution detection in vivo showed that the accumulation of HSYA in the brain could be significantly increased with the addition of Lex. Lastly, HSYA together with Lex (Lex-HSYA) could significantly reduce the volume of cerebral infarction, improve the histopathological morphology, and recruit brain-derived neurotrophic factors to alleviate the cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. In conclusion, the pyroptosis pathway could act as a novel therapeutic target of HSYA in nerve injury treatment, and Lex-HSYA could be a promising candidate for nerve injury treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Tan
- College
of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest
Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yeye Wang
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Rong Wang
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Jingzhi Zu
- College
of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Rui Tan
- College
of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest
Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
- or . Phone/Fax: +86-28-87634667
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6
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Liu F, Yan JR, Chen S, Yan GP, Pan BQ, Zhang Q, Wang YF, Gu YT. Polypeptide-rhodamine B probes containing laminin/fibronectin receptor-targeting sequence (YIGSR/RGD) for fluorescent imaging in cancers. Talanta 2020; 212:120718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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7
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Iyer R, Nguyen T, Padanilam D, Xu C, Saha D, Nguyen KT, Hong Y. Glutathione-responsive biodegradable polyurethane nanoparticles for lung cancer treatment. J Control Release 2020; 321:363-371. [PMID: 32061622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Stimuli-responsive polymers and nanoparticles, which respond to exogenous or endogenous stimuli in the tumor microenvironment, have been widely investigated for spatiotemporal chemotherapeutic drug release applications for cancer chemotherapy. We developed glutathione (GSH)-responsive polyurethane nanoparticles (GPUs) using a GSH-cleavable disulfide bond containing polyurethane that responds to elevated levels of GSH within lung cancer cells. The polyurethane nanoparticles were fabricated using a single emulsion and mixed organic solvent method. Cisplatin-loaded GSH-sensitive nanoparticles (CGPU) displayed a GSH-dose dependent release of cisplatin. In addition, a significant reduction in in vitro survival fraction of A549 lung cancer cells was observed compared to free cisplatin of equivalent concentration (survival fraction of ~0.5 and ~0.7, respectively). The in vivo biodistribution studies showed localization of fluorescently labeled GPUs (~7% of total injected dose per gram tissue) in the lung tumor regions after mouse-tail IV injections in xenograft A549 lung tumor models. The animals exposed to CGPUs also exhibited the inhibition of lung tumor growth compared to animals administered with saline (tumor growth rate of 1.5 vs. 13 in saline) and free cisplatin (tumor growth rate of 5.9) in mouse xenograft A549 lung tumor models within 14 days. These nanoparticles have potential to be used for on-demand drug release for an enhanced chemotherapy to effectively treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Iyer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Tam Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Dona Padanilam
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Cancan Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Debabrata Saha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kytai T Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA; Joint Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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8
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Demin AM, Vakhrushev AV, Tumashov AA, Krasnov VP. Synthesis of glutaryl-containing derivatives of GRGD and KRGD peptides. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Chen K, Ieritano C, Seimbille Y. Early-Stage Incorporation Strategy for Regioselective Labeling of Peptides using the 2-Cyanobenzothiazole/1,2-Aminothiol Bioorthogonal Click Reaction. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:256-261. [PMID: 29531889 PMCID: PMC5838389 DOI: 10.1002/open.201700191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe a synthetic strategy for the regioselective labeling of peptides by using a bioorthogonal click reaction between 2-cyanobenzothiazole (CBT) and a 1,2-aminothiol moiety. This methodology allows for the facile and site-specific modification of peptides with various imaging agents, including fluorophores and radioisotope-containing prosthetic groups. We investigated the feasibility of an early-stage incorporation of dipeptide 1 into targeting vectors, such as c[RGDyK(C)] and HER2 pep, during solid-phase peptide synthesis. Then, the utility of the click reaction to label bioactive peptides with a CBT-modified imaging agent (FITC-CBT, 9) was assessed. The ligation reaction was found to be highly selective and efficient under various conditions. The fluorescently labeled peptides 2 and 3 were obtained in respective yields of 88 and 82 % under optimized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo‐Ting Chen
- Life Sciences DivisionTRIUMFVancouverBritish ColumbiaV6T 2A3Canada
| | | | - Yann Seimbille
- Life Sciences DivisionTRIUMFVancouverBritish ColumbiaV6T 2A3Canada
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10
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GRP78 enabled micelle-based glioma targeted drug delivery. J Control Release 2017; 255:120-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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11
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Summer D, Grossrubatscher L, Petrik M, Michalcikova T, Novy Z, Rangger C, Klingler M, Haas H, Kaeopookum P, von Guggenberg E, Haubner R, Decristoforo C. Developing Targeted Hybrid Imaging Probes by Chelator Scaffolding. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1722-1733. [PMID: 28462989 PMCID: PMC5481817 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) as well as optical imaging (OI) with peptide receptor targeting probes have proven their value for oncological applications but also show restrictions depending on the clinical field of interest. Therefore, the combination of both methods, particularly in a single molecule, could improve versatility in clinical routine. This proof of principle study aims to show that a chelator, Fusarinine C (FSC), can be utilized as scaffold for novel dimeric dual-modality imaging agents. Two targeting vectors (a minigastrin analogue (MG11) targeting cholecystokinin-2 receptor overexpression (CCK2R) or integrin αVβ3 targeting cyclic pentapeptides (RGD)) and a near-infrared fluorophore (Sulfo-Cyanine7) were conjugated to FSC. The probes were efficiently labeled with gallium-68 and in vitro experiments including determination of logD, stability, protein binding, cell binding, internalization, and biodistribution studies as well as in vivo micro-PET/CT and optical imaging in U-87MG αVβ3- and A431-CCK2R expressing tumor xenografted mice were carried out. Novel bioconjugates showed high receptor affinity and highly specific targeting properties at both receptors. Ex vivo biodistribution and micro-PET/CT imaging studies revealed specific tumor uptake accompanied by slow blood clearance and retention in nontargeted tissues (spleen, liver, and kidneys) leading to visualization of tumors at early (30 to 120 min p.i.). Excellent contrast in corresponding optical imaging studies was achieved especially at delayed time points (24 to 72 h p.i.). Our findings show the proof of principle of chelator scaffolding for hybrid imaging agents and demonstrate FSC being a suitable bifunctional chelator for this approach. Improvements to fine-tune pharmacokinetics are needed to translate this into a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Summer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Leo Grossrubatscher
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Milos Petrik
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Hnevotinska 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Michalcikova
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Hnevotinska 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Novy
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc , Hnevotinska 5, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Christine Rangger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maximilian Klingler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubertus Haas
- Division of Molecular Biology/Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Piriya Kaeopookum
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.,Ministry of Science, Technology (MOST), Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT) , Nakhonnayok 26120, Thailand
| | - Elisabeth von Guggenberg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roland Haubner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Decristoforo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck , Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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12
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Arriortua OK, Garaio E, Herrero de la Parte B, Insausti M, Lezama L, Plazaola F, García JA, Aizpurua JM, Sagartzazu M, Irazola M, Etxebarria N, García-Alonso I, Saiz-López A, Echevarria-Uraga JJ. Antitumor magnetic hyperthermia induced by RGD-functionalized Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles, in an experimental model of colorectal liver metastases. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 7:1532-1542. [PMID: 28144504 PMCID: PMC5238624 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.7.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This work reports important advances in the study of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) related to their application in different research fields such as magnetic hyperthermia. Nanotherapy based on targeted nanoparticles could become an attractive alternative to conventional oncologic treatments as it allows a local heating in tumoral surroundings without damage to healthy tissue. RGD-peptide-conjugated MNPs have been designed to specifically target αVβ3 receptor-expressing cancer cells, being bound the RGD peptides by "click chemistry" due to its selectivity and applicability. The thermal decomposition of iron metallo-organic precursors yield homogeneous Fe3O4 nanoparticles that have been properly functionalized with RGD peptides, and the preparation of magnetic fluids has been achieved. The nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), electron magnetic resonance (EMR) spectroscopy and magnetic hyperthermia. The nanoparticles present superparamagnetic behavior with very high magnetization values, which yield hyperthermia values above 500 W/g for magnetic fluids. These fluids have been administrated to rats, but instead of injecting MNP fluid directly into liver tumors, intravascular administration of MNPs in animals with induced colorectal tumors has been performed. Afterwards the animals were exposed to an alternating magnetic field in order to achieve hyperthermia. The evolution of an in vivo model has been described, resulting in a significant reduction in tumor viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oihane K Arriortua
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Eneko Garaio
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Borja Herrero de la Parte
- Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Maite Insausti
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Luis Lezama
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Fernando Plazaola
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose Angel García
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Jesús M Aizpurua
- José Mari Korta Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Maialen Sagartzazu
- José Mari Korta Center, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia, Spain
| | - Mireia Irazola
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ignacio García-Alonso
- Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
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13
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Evaluation of a Flexible NOTA-RGD Kit Solution Using Gallium-68 from Different 68Ge/68Ga-Generators: Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution in Nonhuman Primates and Demonstration of Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Imaging in Humans. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 19:469-482. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-1014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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14
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Ye T, Zhang H, Chen G, Shang L, Wang S. Fluorescent molecular imaging of metastatic lymph node using near-infrared emitting low molecular weight heparin modified nanoliposome based on enzyme-substrate interaction. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2016; 11:482-491. [PMID: 27585841 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ye
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Hefeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Ge Chen
- Department of General Surgery; Peking Union Medical College hospital; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Peking China
| | - Lei Shang
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Shenyang China
| | - Shujun Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
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15
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Martelli C, Dico AL, Diceglie C, Lucignani G, Ottobrini L. Optical imaging probes in oncology. Oncotarget 2016; 7:48753-48787. [PMID: 27145373 PMCID: PMC5217050 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease, characterized by alteration of different physiological molecular processes and cellular features. Keeping this in mind, the possibility of early identification and detection of specific tumor biomarkers by non-invasive approaches could improve early diagnosis and patient management.Different molecular imaging procedures provide powerful tools for detection and non-invasive characterization of oncological lesions. Clinical studies are mainly based on the use of computed tomography, nuclear-based imaging techniques and magnetic resonance imaging. Preclinical imaging in small animal models entails the use of dedicated instruments, and beyond the already cited imaging techniques, it includes also optical imaging studies. Optical imaging strategies are based on the use of luminescent or fluorescent reporter genes or injectable fluorescent or luminescent probes that provide the possibility to study tumor features even by means of fluorescence and luminescence imaging. Currently, most of these probes are used only in animal models, but the possibility of applying some of them also in the clinics is under evaluation.The importance of tumor imaging, the ease of use of optical imaging instruments, the commercial availability of a wide range of probes as well as the continuous description of newly developed probes, demonstrate the significance of these applications. The aim of this review is providing a complete description of the possible optical imaging procedures available for the non-invasive assessment of tumor features in oncological murine models. In particular, the characteristics of both commercially available and newly developed probes will be outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Martelli
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Molecular and Cellular Imaging-IMAGO, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Lo Dico
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Umberto Veronesi Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Diceglie
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Molecular and Cellular Imaging-IMAGO, Milan, Italy
- Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lucignani
- Centre of Molecular and Cellular Imaging-IMAGO, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Ottobrini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Centre of Molecular and Cellular Imaging-IMAGO, Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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16
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Homulle HAR, Powolny F, Stegehuis PL, Dijkstra J, Li DU, Homicsko K, Rimoldi D, Muehlethaler K, Prior JO, Sinisi R, Dubikovskaya E, Charbon E, Bruschini C. Compact solid-state CMOS single-photon detector array for in vivo NIR fluorescence lifetime oncology measurements. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:1797-814. [PMID: 27231622 PMCID: PMC4871082 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.001797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In near infrared fluorescence-guided surgical oncology, it is challenging to distinguish healthy from cancerous tissue. One promising research avenue consists in the analysis of the exogenous fluorophores' lifetime, which are however in the (sub-)nanosecond range. We have integrated a single-photon pixel array, based on standard CMOS SPADs (single-photon avalanche diodes), in a compact, time-gated measurement system, named FluoCam. In vivo measurements were carried out with indocyanine green (ICG)-modified derivatives targeting the αvβ 3 integrin, initially on a genetically engineered mouse model of melanoma injected with ICG conjugated with tetrameric cyclic pentapeptide (ICG-E[c(RGD f K)4]), then on mice carrying tumour xenografts of U87-MG (a human primary glioblastoma cell line) injected with monomeric ICG-c(RGD f K). Measurements on tumor, muscle and tail locations allowed us to demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo lifetime measurements with the FluoCam, to determine the characteristic lifetimes (around 500 ps) and subtle lifetime differences between bound and unbound ICG-modified fluorophores (10% level), as well as to estimate the available photon fluxes under realistic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. A. R. Homulle
- AQUA group, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne,
Switzerland
- Ludwig Center of the University of Lausanne, Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - F. Powolny
- AQUA group, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - P. L. Stegehuis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - J. Dijkstra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - D.-U. Li
- LCBIM group, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - K. Homicsko
- University of Strathclyde, Centre for Biophotonics, Glasgow,
UK
| | - D. Rimoldi
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - K. Muehlethaler
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - J. O. Prior
- Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The
Netherlands
| | - R. Sinisi
- Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, The
Netherlands
| | - E. Dubikovskaya
- Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, The
Netherlands
| | - E. Charbon
- AQUA group, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne,
Switzerland
- Ludwig Center of the University of Lausanne, Lausanne,
Switzerland
| | - C. Bruschini
- AQUA group, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne,
Switzerland
- Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The
Netherlands
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17
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Huynh AS, Estrella V, Stark VE, Cohen AS, Chen T, Casagni TJ, Josan JS, Lloyd MC, Johnson J, Hruby VJ, Vagner J, Morse DL. Tumor Targeting and Pharmacokinetics of a Near-Infrared Fluorescent-Labeled δ-Opioid Receptor Antagonist Agent, Dmt-Tic-Cy5. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:534-44. [PMID: 26713599 PMCID: PMC4936951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence molecular imaging can be employed for the development of novel cancer targeting agents. Herein, we investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and cellular uptake of Dmt-Tic-Cy5, a delta-opioid receptor (δOR) antagonist-fluorescent dye conjugate, as a tumor-targeting molecular imaging agent. δOR expression is observed normally in the CNS, and pathologically in some tumors, including lung liver and breast cancers. In vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo experiments were conducted to image and quantify the fluorescence signal associated with Dmt-Tic-Cy5 over time using in vitro and intravital fluorescence microscopy and small animal fluorescence imaging of tumor-bearing mice. We observed specific retention of Dmt-Tic-Cy5 in tumors with maximum uptake in δOR-expressing positive tumors at 3 h and observable persistence for >96 h; clearance from δOR nonexpressing negative tumors by 6 h; and systemic clearance from normal organs by 24 h. Live-cell and intravital fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that Dmt-Tic-Cy5 had sustained cell-surface binding lasting at least 24 h with gradual internalization over the initial 6 h following administration. Dmt-Tic-Cy5 is a δOR-targeted agent that exhibits long-lasting and specific signal in δOR-expressing tumors, is rapidly cleared from systemic circulation, and is not retained in non-δOR-expressing tissues. Hence, Dmt-Tic-Cy5 has potential as a fluorescent tumor imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Shanks Huynh
- Department of Cancer Imaging & Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Veronica Estrella
- Department of Cancer Imaging & Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Valerie E. Stark
- Department of Cancer Imaging & Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Allison S. Cohen
- Department of Cancer Imaging & Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Tingan Chen
- Analytic Microscopy Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Todd J. Casagni
- Department of Comparative Medicine, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Jatinder S. Josan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85719
| | - Mark C. Lloyd
- Analytic Microscopy Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Joseph Johnson
- Analytic Microscopy Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85719
| | - Josef Vagner
- The BIO5 Research Institute, University of Arizona, 1657 E Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - David L. Morse
- Department of Cancer Imaging & Metabolism, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612
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18
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Abstract
Optical imaging is undoubtedly one of the most versatile and widely used imaging techniques in both research and clinical practice. Among optical imaging technologies, fluorescence imaging is the most popularly used and has become an essential tool in biomedical science. A key component of fluorescence imaging is fluorescence-producing reporters, including fluorescent dyes and conjugates, as well as fluorescent proteins. For in vivo imaging applications, fluorophores with long emission at the near-infrared (NIR) region are generally preferred to overcome the photon attenuation in living tissue. Here, we describe the in vivo fluorescence imaging of an integrin αυβ3 targeted NIR fluorescent probe (cRGD-ICG-Der-02) using subcutaneous mouse tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Optical Radiology Lab, Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Mingzhou Zhou
- Optical Radiology Lab, Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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19
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Lin X, Zhu H, Luo Z, Hong Y, Zhang H, Liu X, Ding H, Tian H, Yang Z. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma CD20 expression using Cy7-conjugated obinutuzumab. Mol Imaging Biol 2015; 16:877-87. [PMID: 24833041 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-014-0742-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obinutuzumab is the first fully humanized and glycoengineered monoclonal antibody (mAb) directly targeting CD20 antigen, which is expressed on B cell lymphocytes and the majority of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). This study aims to design a diagnostic molecular probe, Cy7-Obinutuzumab (Cy7-Obi), in which Cy7 is a near-infrared fluorescent dye. This probe is used to noninvasively image CD20 antigen expressed in NHL cells. PROCEDURES Cy7-Obi probe was synthesized through nucleophilic substitution reaction between NHS-Cy7 and obinutuzumab. After purification, the conjugate was fully characterized by a series of methods. The immunoreactivity and molecular specificity of the probe were confirmed using flow cytometry and in vitro microscopy on Raji (CD20-positive) cells. For in vivo imaging, Cy7-Obi probe (1 nmol) was injected intravenously in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice bearing Raji tumors which overexpress CD20 (n = 3) and was imaged with near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) at 6, 9, 12, 24, 60, and 96 h post-probe injection. For pre-block, obinutuzumab (3.25 mg) was injected intravenously in tumor-bearing mice 6 h before the administration of Cy7-Obi probe. RESULTS The synthesized Cy7-Obi probe in this paper mimics obinutuzumab in both structure and function. Flow cytometry analysis of the probe and obinutuzumab on Raji cells showed minor difference in binding affinity/specificity with CD20. The probe showed significant fluorescence signal when it was examined on Raji cells using in vitro microscopy. The fluorescence signal can be blocked by pretreatment with obinutuzumab. The probe Cy7-Obi also showed high tumor uptake when it was examined by in vivo optical imaging on Raji tumor-bearing mice. The tumor uptake can be blocked by pretreatment with obinutuzumab (n = 3, p < 0.05). The in vivo imaging results were also confirmed by ex vivo imaging of dissected organs. Finally, the probe Cy7-Obi has shown excellent tumor targeting and specificity through immunofluorescence analysis. CONCLUSIONS We have shown that humanized Cy7-Obi probe can be used for NIRF imaging successfully. The probe may be an effective and noninvasive diagnostic molecular probe capable of tracking CD20 overexpression in NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, 100142, Beijing, China
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20
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Zhu J, Fu F, Xiong Z, Shen M, Shi X. Dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles modified with RGD peptide and alpha-tocopheryl succinate enable targeted theranostics of cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 133:36-42. [PMID: 26070049 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We report here the synthesis of multifunctional dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles (Au DENPs) modified with alpha-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide for targeted chemotherapy and computed tomography (CT) imaging of cancer cells. In this work, generation 5 poly(amidoamine) dendrimers pre-conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FI), RGD peptide via a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer, and PEG-linked α-TOS were used as templates to synthesize AuNPs. Followed by acetylation of the remaining dendrimer terminal amines, multifunctional Au DENPs with an Au core size of 4.0nm were generated. The formed multifunctional Au DENPs were characterized via different techniques. We show that the multifunctional Au DENPs are stable at different pH (5-8) and temperature (4-50°C) conditions and display enhanced efficacy in the generation of reactive oxygen species, which is associated with their increased ability to induce apoptosis. Thanks to the role played by RGD-mediated targeting, the multifunctional Au DENPs are able to target cancer cells overexpressing αvβ3 integrin and specifically inhibit the growth of the cancer cells. Likewise, the existence of AuNPs enabled the multifunctional Au DENPs to have a better X-ray attenuation property than clinically used iodinated CT contrast agents (e.g., Omnipaque) and the use of them as a nanoprobe for targeted CT imaging of cancer cells in vitro. The formed multifunctional Au DENPs may hold great promise to be used as a theranostic platform for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanfan Fu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijuan Xiong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingwu Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Levy I, Sher I, Corem-Salkmon E, Ziv-Polat O, Meir A, Treves AJ, Nagler A, Kalter-Leibovici O, Margel S, Rotenstreich Y. Bioactive magnetic near Infra-Red fluorescent core-shell iron oxide/human serum albumin nanoparticles for controlled release of growth factors for augmentation of human mesenchymal stem cell growth and differentiation. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:34. [PMID: 25947109 PMCID: PMC4432958 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles (NPs) of sizes less than 50 nm are considered to be non-toxic, biodegradable and superparamagnetic. We have previously described the generation of IO NPs coated with Human Serum Albumin (HSA). HSA coating onto the IO NPs enables conjugation of the IO/HSA NPs to various biomolecules including proteins. Here we describe the preparation and characterization of narrow size distribution core-shell NIR fluorescent IO/HSA magnetic NPs conjugated covalently to Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) for biomedical applications. We examined the biological activity of the conjugated FGF2 on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). These multipotent cells can differentiate into bone, cartilage, hepatic, endothelial and neuronal cells and are being studied in clinical trials for treatment of various diseases. FGF2 enhances the proliferation of hBM-MSCs and promotes their differentiation toward neuronal, adipogenic and osteogenic lineages in vitro. Results The NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. Covalent conjugation of the FGF2 to the IO/HSA NPs significantly stabilized this growth factor against various enzymes and inhibitors existing in serum and in tissue cultures. IO/HSA NPs conjugated to FGF2 were internalized into hBM-MSCs via endocytosis as confirmed by flow cytometry analysis and Prussian Blue staining. Conjugated FGF2 enhanced the proliferation and clonal expansion capacity of hBM-MSCs, as well as their adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation to a higher extent compared with the free growth factor. Free and conjugated FGF2 promoted the expression of neuronal marker Microtubule-Associated Protein 2 (MAP2) to a similar extent, but conjugated FGF2 was more effective than free FGF2 in promoting the expression of astrocyte marker Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) in these cells. Conclusions These results indicate that stabilization of FGF2 by conjugating the IO/HSA NPs can enhance the biological efficacy of FGF2 and its ability to promote hBM-MSC cell proliferation and trilineage differentiation. This new system may benefit future therapeutic use of hBM-MSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12951-015-0090-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Levy
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel.
| | - Ifat Sher
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
| | - Enav Corem-Salkmon
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel.
| | - Ofra Ziv-Polat
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel.
| | - Amilia Meir
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
| | - Avraham J Treves
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
| | - Arnon Nagler
- Hematology Division, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
| | - Ofra Kalter-Leibovici
- Unit of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Gertner Institute for Epidemiology and Health Policy Research, Ramat Gan, Israel, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Shlomo Margel
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Ramat-Gan, 52900, Israel.
| | - Ygal Rotenstreich
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel.
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22
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Zhang Y, Yin Q, Yen J, Li J, Ying H, Wang H, Hua Y, Chaney EJ, Boppart SA, Cheng J. Non-invasive, real-time reporting drug release in vitro and in vivo. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6948-51. [PMID: 25798457 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09920f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We developed a real-time drug-reporting conjugate (CPT-SS-CyN) composed of a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent cyanine-amine dye (CyN), a disulfide linker, and a model therapeutic drug (camptothecin, CPT). Treatment with dithiothreitol (DTT) induces cleavage of the disulfide bond, followed by two simultaneous intramolecular cyclization reactions with identical kinetics, one to cleave the urethane linkage to release the NIR dye and the other to cleave the carbonate linkage to release CPT. The released CyN has an emission wavelength (760 nm) that is significantly different from CPT-SS-CyN (820 nm), enabling easy detection and monitoring of drug release. A linear relationship between the NIR fluorescence intensity at 760 nm and the amount of CPT released was observed, substantiating the use of this drug-reporting conjugate to enable precise, real-time, and non-invasive quantitative monitoring of drug release in live cells and semi-quantitative monitoring in live animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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23
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Ma Y, Liang S, Guo J, Guo R, Wang H. (18) F labeled RGD-A7R peptide for dual integrin and VEGF-targeted tumor imaging in mice bearing U87MG tumors. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2014; 57:627-31. [PMID: 25294311 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a novel Arg-Gly-Asp acid (RGD) and Ala-Thr-Trp-Leu-Pro-Pro-Arg (ATWLPPR A7R) peptide-containing ligand for (18) F labeling as αvβ3 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-targeted imaging agent. (18) F-RGD-A7R was prepared by conjugation with (18) F-SFB. The final product was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and tested in vitro and in vivo. Cell-binding assays of RGD-A7R, RGD and RGD-A7R, A7R were tested in U87MG cells ((125) I-RGDyK and (125) I-A7RY as radioligand, respectively). Preliminary biodistribution of the (18) F-RGD-A7R was also evaluated. The RGD-A7R had good integrin binding affinity (50% inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) = 21.67 and 23.68 nM, slightly lower than unmodified RGD (40.02 nM) and A7R (50.18 nM)). The radiotracer had receptor-mediated activity accumulation in U87MG tumor (1.90 ± 0.34 percentage of injected dose per gram (%ID/g) at 0.5 h postinjection), which is known to be integrin positive. After blocking with RGD-A7R, the tumor uptake was reduced to 0.47 ± 0.06 %ID/g at 0.5 h postinjection. (18) F-RGD-A7R exhibited dual receptor targeting properties both in vitro and in vivo. The favorable characterizations of (18) F-RGD-A7RY, such as convenient synthesis, high specific activity, and high tumor uptake, warrant its further investigation for clinical cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 1665 Kongjiang Rd., Shanghai, 200092, China
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24
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Liu Z, Radtke MA, Wong MQ, Lin KS, Yapp DT, Perrin DM. Dual Mode Fluorescent 18F-PET Tracers: Efficient Modular Synthesis of Rhodamine-[cRGD]2-[18F]-Organotrifluoroborate, Rapid, and High Yielding One-Step 18F-Labeling at High Specific Activity, and Correlated in Vivo PET Imaging and ex Vivo Fluorescence. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:1951-62. [DOI: 10.1021/bc5003357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Liu
- Chemistry
Department University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | - Mark Alex Radtke
- Chemistry
Department University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
| | | | | | | | - David M. Perrin
- Chemistry
Department University of British Columbia 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T-1Z1, Canada
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25
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Lindner S, Michler C, Wängler B, Bartenstein P, Fischer G, Schirrmacher R, Wängler C. PESIN Multimerization Improves Receptor Avidities and in Vivo Tumor Targeting Properties to GRPR-Overexpressing Tumors. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:489-500. [DOI: 10.1021/bc4004662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lindner
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Michler
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriel Fischer
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Schirrmacher
- McConnell
Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Carmen Wängler
- Department
of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Trajkovic-Arsic M, Mohajerani P, Sarantopoulos A, Kalideris E, Steiger K, Esposito I, Ma X, Themelis G, Burton N, Michalski CW, Kleeff J, Stangl S, Beer AJ, Pohle K, Wester HJ, Schmid RM, Braren R, Ntziachristos V, Siveke JT. Multimodal molecular imaging of integrin αvβ3 for in vivo detection of pancreatic cancer. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:446-51. [PMID: 24549287 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.129619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease. Late detection of then nonresectable or metastasized tumors emphasizes the need for novel imaging approaches. Here, we report on so far nonexploited potentials of αvβ3 integrin-targeted molecular imaging technologies for detection of PDAC using genetically engineered mouse models. METHODS Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used for characterization of αvβ3 expression in murine and human PDAC. We applied IntegriSense 680 fluorescence molecular tomography, intraoperative fluorescence imaging, and (68)Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET for αvβ3 integrin molecular in vivo imaging of spontaneous PDAC occurring in Ptf1a(+/Cre);Kras(+/LSL-G12D);p53(LoxP/LoxP) mice. (NODAGA is 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4-bis[acetic acid]-7-[2-glutaric acid] and RGD is arginine-glycine-aspartic acid.) RESULTS αvβ3 integrin is expressed in tumor cells of human and murine PDAC. IntegriSense fluorescence molecular tomography and (68)Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET enabled faithful visualization of PDAC. Furthermore, intraoperative optical imaging with IntegriSense 680 allowed good delineation of tumor borders. CONCLUSION Imaging approaches targeting αvβ3 integrin expand the potential of molecular imaging for identification of αvβ3-positive PDAC with potential implications in early detection, fluorescence-guided surgery, and therapy monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Trajkovic-Arsic
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Verbeek FPR, van der Vorst JR, Tummers QRJG, Boonstra MC, de Rooij KE, Löwik CWGM, Valentijn ARPM, van de Velde CJH, Choi HS, Frangioni JV, Vahrmeijer AL. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging of both colorectal cancer and ureters using a low-dose integrin targeted probe. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21 Suppl 4:S528-37. [PMID: 24515567 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-014-3524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irradical tumor resections and iatrogenic ureteral injury remain a significant problem during lower abdominal surgery. The aim of the current study was to intraoperatively identify both colorectal tumors and ureters in subcutaneous and orthotopic animal models using cRGD-ZW800-1 and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence. METHODS The zwitterionic fluorophore ZW800-1 was conjugated to the tumor specific peptide cRGD (targeting integrins) and to the a-specific peptide cRAD. One nmol cRGD-ZW800-1, cRAD-ZW800-1, or ZW800-1 alone was injected in mice bearing subcutaneous HT-29 human colorectal tumors. Subsequently, cRGD-ZW800-1 was injected at dosages of 0.25 and 1 nmol in mice bearing orthotopic HT-29 tumors transfected with luciferase2. In vivo biodistribution and ureteral visualization were investigated in rats. Fluorescence was measured intraoperatively at several time points after probe administration using the FLARE imaging system. RESULTS Both subcutaneous and orthotopic tumors could be clearly identified using cRGD-ZW800-1. A significantly higher signal-to-background ratio was observed in mice injected with cRGD-ZW800-1 (2.42 ± 0.77) compared with mice injected with cRAD-ZW800-1 or ZW800-1 alone (1.21 ± 0.19 and 1.34 ± 0.19, respectively) when measured at 24 h after probe administration. The clearance of cRGD-ZW800-1 permitted visualization of the ureters and also generated minimal background fluorescence in the gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSIONS This study appears to be the first to demonstrate both clear tumor demarcation and ureteral visualization after a single intravenous injection of a targeted NIR fluorophore. As a low dose of cRGD-ZW800-1 provided clear tumor identification, clinical translation of these results should be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris P R Verbeek
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Li X, Hou J, Wang C, Liu X, He H, Xu P, Yang Z, Chen Z, Wu Y, Zhang L. Synthesis and biological evaluation of RGD-conjugated MEK1/2 kinase inhibitors for integrin-targeted cancer therapy. Molecules 2013; 18:13957-78. [PMID: 24225774 PMCID: PMC6269693 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel series of RGD-MEKI conjugates derived from a MEK1/2 kinase inhibitor--PD0325901--have been developed for integrin receptor mediated anticancer therapy. The first series, alkoxylamine analog RGD-MEKI conjugates 9a-g showed anti-proliferation activity in melanoma A375 cells by the same mechanism as that of PD0325901. PEGylation increased the IC50 value of 9f three-fold in the A375 assay, and the multi-cRGD peptide cargo significantly improved the receptor specific anti-proliferation activity of 9g in integrin-overexpressing U87 cells. In the second series, RGD-PD0325901 13 exhibited significantly increased antitumor properties compared to the alkoxylamine analogs by both inhibition of the ERK pathway activity and DNA replication of the cancer cells. Furthermore, 13 displayed more potent anti-proliferation activity in the U87 assay than PD0325901 in a dose-dependent manner. All these data demonstrate that RGD-MEKI conjugates with an ester bond linkage enhanced anticancer efficacy with improved targeting capability toward integrin-overexpressing tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China; E-Mail:
| | - Jianjun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xinjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Hongyan He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhenjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zili Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China; E-Mail:
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Y.W.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-10-8280-5023 (Y.W.); Fax: +86-10-8280-5063 (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-10-6251-6660 (Z.C.); Fax: +86-10-6251-6660 (Z.C.)
| | - Yun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (Y.W.); (Z.C.); Tel.: +86-10-8280-5023 (Y.W.); Fax: +86-10-8280-5063 (Y.W.); Tel.: +86-10-6251-6660 (Z.C.); Fax: +86-10-6251-6660 (Z.C.)
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; E-Mails: (J.H.); (C.W.); (X.L.); (H.H.); (P.X.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
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Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a novel radioligand for αvβ3 integrin receptor imaging: [18F]FPPA-c(RGDfK). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:6068-72. [PMID: 24095096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of RGD-based antagonist of αvβ3 integrin receptor has enhanced the interest in PET probes to image this receptor for the early detection of cancer, to monitor the disease progression and the response to therapy. In this work, a novel prosthetic group (N-(4-fluorophenyl)pent-4-ynamide or FPPA) for the (18)F-labeling of an αvβ3 selective RGD-peptide was successfully prepared. [(18)F]FPPA was obtained in three steps with a radiochemical yield of 44% (decay corrected). Conjugation to c(RGDfK(N3)) by the Cu(II) catalyzed Huisgen azido alkyne cycloaddition provided the [(18)F]FPPA-c(RGDfK) with a radiochemical yield of 29% (decay corrected), in an overall synthesis time of 140 min.
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The functions and applications of RGD in tumor therapy and tissue engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:13447-62. [PMID: 23807504 PMCID: PMC3742196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140713447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic (RGD), is the specific recognition site of integrins with theirs ligands, and regulates cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. The RGD motif can be combined with integrins overexpressed on the tumor neovasculature and tumor cells with a certain affinity, becoming the new target for imaging agents, and drugs, and gene delivery for tumor treatment. Further, RGD as a biomimetic peptide can also promote cell adherence to the matrix, prevent cell apoptosis and accelerate new tissue regeneration. Functionalizing material surfaces with RGD can improve cell/biomaterial interactions, which facilitates the generation of tissue-engineered constructs. This paper reviews the main functions and advantages of RGD, describes the applications of RGD in imaging agents, drugs, gene delivery for tumor therapy, and highlights the role of RGD in promoting the development of tissue engineering (bone regeneration, cornea repair, artificial neovascularization) in recent years.
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Han C, Li Y, Sun M, Liu C, Ma X, Yang X, Yuan Y, Pan W. Small peptide-modified nanostructured lipid carriers distribution and targeting to EGFR-overexpressing tumor in vivo. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 42:161-6. [PMID: 23731383 DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2013.801848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ala-Glu-Tyr-Leu-Arg (AEYLR) was identified as a small peptide ligand targeting epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) in vitro in our previous study. The in vivo targeting ability of AEYLR and AEYLR-conjugated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) was studied in this paper. Near-infrared fluorescent (NIFR) dye 1,1'-dioctadecyltetramethyl indotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR)-loaded and AEYLR-modified NLC (A-D-NLC) were prepared. The average diameter, zeta potential, coupling efficiency between AEYLR and NLC and the amount of DiR released from A-D-NLC were used to evaluate their in vivo characteristics. AEYLR was labeled by Cy7 and A549 xenograft tumor-bearing mice model were establish. The in vivo distribution in tumor-bearing mice of A-D-NLC and Cy7-AEYLR was examined using NIRF imaging experiments at different times post-injection. AEYLR and AEYLR-conjugated NLC showed obvious targeting to A549 xenograft tumor compared with the control group. These results suggested that AEYLR-modified NLC could be considered as a promising targeted delivery system for combination cancer chemotherapy to improve therapeutic efficacy and to minimize adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
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Cao J, Wan S, Tian J, Li S, Deng D, Qian Z, Gu Y. Fast clearing RGD-based near-infrared fluorescent probes for in vivo tumor diagnosis. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2012; 7:390-402. [PMID: 22649045 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A fast clearing hydrophilic near-infrared (NIR) dye ICG-Der-02 was used to constitute tumor targeting contrast agents. Cell adhesion molecule integrin α(v)β(3) served as the target receptor because of its unique expression on almost all sprouting tumor vasculatures. The purpose of this study was to synthesize and compare the properties of integrin α(v)β(3)-targeted, fast clearing NIR probes both in vitro and in vivo for tumor diagnosis. ICG-Der-02 was covalently conjugated to three kinds of RGD peptide including linear, monoeric cyclic and dimeric RGD to form three RGD-based NIR probes. The integrin receptor specificities of these probes were evaluated in vitro by confocal microscopy. The dynamic bio-distribution and elimination ratse were in vivo real-time monitored by a near-infrared imaging system in normal mice. Further, the in vivo tumor targeting abilities of the RGD-based NIR probes were compared in α(v)β(3) -positive MDA-MB-231, U87MG and α(v)β(3)-negtive MCF-7 xenograft mice models. Three RGD-based NIR probes were successfully synthesized with good optical properties. In vitro cellular experiments indicated that the probes have a clear binding affinity to α(υ)β(3) -positive tumor cells, with a cyclic dimeric RGD probe owing the highest integrin affinity. Dynamic bio-distributions of these probes showed a rapid clearing rate through the renal pathway. In vivo tumor targeting ability of the RGD-based porbes was demonstrated on MDA-MB-231 and U87MG tumor models. As expected, the c(RGDyK)(2)-ICG-Der-02 probe displayed the highest tumor-to-normal tissue contrast. The in vitro and in vivo block experiments confirmed the receptor binding specificity of the probes. The hydrophilic dye-labeled NIR probes exhibited a fast clearing rate and deep tissue penetration capability. Further, the α(υ)β(3) receptor affinity of the three RGD-based NIR probes followed the order of dimer cyclic > monomer cyclic > linear. The results demonstrate potent fast clearing probes for in vivo early tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Xiao L, Zhang Y, Berr SS, Chordia MD, Pramoonjago P, Pu L, Pan D. A Novel Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging Probe for in Vivo Neutrophil Tracking. Mol Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.2310/7290.2011.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- From the Departments of Radiology, Chemistry, and Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Yi Zhang
- From the Departments of Radiology, Chemistry, and Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Stuart S. Berr
- From the Departments of Radiology, Chemistry, and Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Mahendra D. Chordia
- From the Departments of Radiology, Chemistry, and Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Patcharin Pramoonjago
- From the Departments of Radiology, Chemistry, and Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Lin Pu
- From the Departments of Radiology, Chemistry, and Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- From the Departments of Radiology, Chemistry, and Pathology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Huang R, Vider J, Kovar JL, Olive DM, Mellinghoff IK, Mayer-Kuckuk P, Kircher MF, Blasberg RG. Integrin αvβ3-targeted IRDye 800CW near-infrared imaging of glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:5731-40. [PMID: 22914772 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Integrin α(v)β(3) plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. We have tested a targeted probe to visualize integrin receptor expression in glioblastomas using near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) imaging. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A transgenic glioblastoma mouse model (RCAS-PDGF-driven/tv-a glioblastoma, which mimics the infiltrative growth pattern of human glioblastomas) and two human orthotopic glioblastoma models (U-87 MG with high integrin β(3) expression and TS543 with low integrin β(3) expression) were studied. An integrin-targeting NIRF probe, IRDye 800CW-cyclic-RGD peptide (IRDye 800CW-RGD), was tested by in vivo and ex vivo NIRF imaging. RESULTS We show that the IRDye 800CW-RGD peptide: (i) specifically binds to integrin receptors; (ii) is selectively localized to glioblastoma tissue with overexpressed integrin receptors and is retained over prolonged periods of time; (iii) is associated with minimal autofluorescence and photobleaching because of imaging at 800 nm; (iv) provides delineation of tumor tissue with high precision because of a high tumor-to-normal brain fluorescence ratio (79.7 ± 6.9, 31.2 ± 2.8, and 16.3 ± 1.3) in the U-87 MG, RCAS-PDGF, and TS543 models, respectively; P < 0.01); and (v) enables fluorescence-guided glioblastoma resection. Importantly, small foci of residual fluorescence were observed after resection was completed using white light imaging alone, and these fluorescent foci were shown to represent residual tumor tissue by histology. CONCLUSIONS NIRF imaging with the IRDye 800CW-RGD probe provides a simple, rapid, low-cost, nonradioactive, and highly translatable approach for improved intraoperative glioblastoma visualization and resection. It also has the potential to serve as an imaging platform for noninvasive cancer detection and drug efficacy evaluation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Chin FT, Shen B, Liu S, Berganos RA, Chang E, Mittra E, Chen X, Gambhir SS. First experience with clinical-grade ([18F]FPP(RGD₂): an automated multi-step radiosynthesis for clinical PET studies. Mol Imaging Biol 2012; 14:88-95. [PMID: 21400112 PMCID: PMC3617483 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-011-0477-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A reliable and routine process to introduce a new ¹⁸F-labeled dimeric RGD-peptide tracer ([¹⁸F]FPP(RGD₂) for noninvasive imaging of α(v)β₃ expression in tumors needed to be developed so the tracer could be evaluated for the first time in man. Clinical-grade [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ was screened in mouse prior to our first pilot study in human. PROCEDURES [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ was synthesized by coupling 4-nitrophenyl-2-[¹⁸F]fluoropropionate ([¹⁸F]NPE) with the dimeric RGD-peptide (PEG₃-c(RGDyK)₂). Imaging studies with [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ in normal mice and a healthy human volunteer were carried out using small animal and clinical PET scanners, respectively. RESULTS Through optimization of each radiosynthetic step, [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ was obtained with RCYs of 16.9 ± 2.7% (n = 8, EOB) and specific radioactivity of 114 ± 72 GBq/μmol (3.08 ± 1.95 Ci/μmol; n = 8, EOB) after 170 min of radiosynthesis. In our mouse studies, high radioactivity uptake was only observed in the kidneys and bladder with the clinical-grade tracer. Favorable [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ biodistribution in human studies, with low background signal in the head, neck, and thorax, showed the potential applications of this RGD-peptide tracer for detecting and monitoring tumor growth and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS A reliable, routine, and automated radiosynthesis of clinical-grade [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ was established. PET imaging in a healthy human volunteer illustrates that [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ possesses desirable pharmacokinetic properties for clinical noninvasive imaging of α(v)β₃ expression. Further imaging studies using [¹⁸F]FPP(RGD)₂ in patient volunteers are now under active investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick T Chin
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, Bio-X Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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In vivo near-infrared fluorescence imaging of CD105 expression during tumor angiogenesis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 38:2066-76. [PMID: 21814852 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-1886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiogenesis is an indispensable process during tumor development. The currently accepted standard method for quantifying tumor angiogenesis is to assess microvessel density (MVD) based on CD105 staining, which is an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with most solid tumor types. The goal of this study is to evaluate tumor angiogenesis in a mouse model by near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging of CD105 expression. METHODS TRC105, a human/murine chimeric anti-CD105 monoclonal antibody, was conjugated to an NIRF dye (IRDye 800CW; Ex: 778 nm; Em: 806 nm). FACS analysis and microscopy studies were performed to compare the CD105 binding affinity of TRC105 and 800CW-TRC105. In vivo/ex vivo NIRF imaging, blocking studies, and ex vivo histology were performed on 4T1 murine breast tumor-bearing mice to evaluate the ability of 800CW-TRC105 to target tumor angiogenesis. Another chimeric antibody, cetuximab, was used as an isotype-matched control. RESULTS FACS analysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) revealed no difference in CD105 binding affinity between TRC105 and 800CW-TRC105, which was further validated by fluorescence microscopy. 800CW conjugation of TRC105 was achieved in excellent yield (> 85%), with an average of 0.4 800CW molecules per TRC105. Serial NIRF imaging after intravenous injection of 800CW-TRC105 revealed that the 4T1 tumor could be clearly visualized as early as 30 min post-injection. Quantitative region of interest (ROI) analysis showed that the tumor uptake peaked at about 16 h post-injection. Based on ex vivo NIRF imaging at 48 h post-injection, tumor uptake of 800CW-TRC105 was higher than most organs, thus providing excellent tumor contrast. Blocking experiments, control studies with 800CW-cetuximab and 800CW, as well as ex vivo histology all confirmed the in vivo target specificity of 800CW-TRC105. CONCLUSION This is the first successful NIRF imaging study of CD105 expression in vivo. Fast, prominent, persistent, and CD105-specific uptake of the probe during tumor angiogenesis was observed in a mouse model. 800CW-TRC105 may be used in the clinic for imaging tumor angiogenesis within the lesions close to the skin surface, tissues accessible by endoscopy, or during image-guided surgery.
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MA X, TIAN J, YANG X, QIN C, ZHU S, XUE Z. Research on Liver Tumor Proliferation and Angiogenesis Based on Multi-Modality Molecular Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1260.2011.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kimura S, Masunaga SI, Harada T, Kawamura Y, Ueda S, Okuda K, Nagasawa H. Synthesis and evaluation of cyclic RGD-boron cluster conjugates to develop tumor-selective boron carriers for boron neutron capture therapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:1721-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
Over the last decade, integrin αvβ3 has been studied with every single molecular imaging modality. Since no single modality is perfect and sufficient to obtain all the necessary information for a particular question, combination of certain molecular imaging modalities can offer synergistic advantages over any modality alone. This review will focus on multimodality imaging of integrin αvβ3 expression, where the contrast agent used can be detected by two or more imaging modalities, such as combinations of PET and optical, SPECT and fluorescence, PET and MRI, SPECT and MRI, and lastly, MRI and fluorescence. Most of these agents are based on certain type(s) of nanoparticles. Contrast agents that can be detected by more than two imaging modalities are expected to emerge in the future and a PET/MRI/fluorescence agent will likely find the most future biomedical/clinical applications. Big strides have been made over the last decade for imaging integrin αvβ3 expression and several PET/SPECT probes have been tested in human studies. For dualmodality and multimodality imaging applications, a number of proof-of-principle studies have been reported which opened up many new avenues for future research. The next decade will likely witness further growth and continued prosperity of molecular imaging studies focusing on integrin αvβ3, which can eventually impact patient management.
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Hutteman M, Mieog JSD, van der Vorst JR, Dijkstra J, Kuppen PJK, van der Laan AMA, Tanke HJ, Kaijzel EL, Que I, van de Velde CJH, Löwik CWGM, Vahrmeijer AL. Intraoperative near-infrared fluorescence imaging of colorectal metastases targeting integrin α(v)β(3) expression in a syngeneic rat model. Eur J Surg Oncol 2011; 37:252-7. [PMID: 21215590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2010.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence optical imaging is a promising technique to assess the extent of colorectal metastases during curative-intended surgery. However, NIR fluorescence imaging of liver metastases is highly challenging due to hepatic uptake and clearance of many fluorescent dyes. In the current study, the biodistribution and the ability to demarcate liver and peritoneal metastases were assessed during surgery in a syngeneic rat model of colorectal cancer using an integrin α(v)β(3)-directed NIR fluorescence probe. METHODS Liver tumors and peritoneal metastases were induced in 7 male WAG/Rij rats by subcapsular inoculation of 0.5 × 10(6) CC531 colorectal cancer rat cells into three distinct liver lobes. Intraoperative and ex vivo fluorescence measurements were performed 24 (N = 3 rats, 7 tumors) and 48 h (N = 4 rats, 9 tumors) after intravenous administration of the integrin α(v)β(3)-directed NIR fluorescence probe. RESULTS Colorectal metastases had a minimal two-fold higher NIR fluorescence signal than healthy liver tissue and other abdominal organs (p < 0.001). The tumor-to-background ratio was independent of time of imaging (24 h vs. 48 h post-injection; p = 0.31), which facilitates flexible operation planning in future clinical applications. Total fluorescence intensity was significantly correlated with the size of metastases (R(2) = 0.92 for the 24 h group, R(2) = 0.96 for the 48 h group). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that colorectal intra-abdominal metastases can be clearly demarcated during surgery using an integrin α(v)β(3) targeting NIR fluorescence probe. Translating these findings to the clinic will have an excellent potential to substantially improve the quality of cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hutteman
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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Snoeks TJA, Khmelinskii A, Lelieveldt BPF, Kaijzel EL, Löwik CWGM. Optical advances in skeletal imaging applied to bone metastases. Bone 2011; 48:106-14. [PMID: 20688203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Optical Imaging has evolved into one of the standard molecular imaging modalities used in pre-clinical cancer research. Bone research however, strongly depends on other imaging modalities such as SPECT, PET, x-ray and μCT. Each imaging modality has its own specific strengths and weaknesses concerning spatial resolution, sensitivity and the possibility to quantify the signal. An increasing number of bone specific optical imaging models and probes have been developed over the past years. This review gives an overview of optical imaging modalities, models and probes that can be used to study skeletal complications of cancer in small laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J A Snoeks
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
The process of angiogenesis, an essential hallmark for tumour development as well as for several inflammatory diseases and physiological phenomena, is of growing interest for diagnosis and therapy in oncology. In the context of biochemical characterisation of key molecules involved in angiogenesis, several targets for imaging and therapy could be identified in the last decade. Optical imaging (OI) relies on the visualisation of near infrared (NIR) light, either its absorption and scattering in tissue (non-enhanced OI) or using fluorescent contrast agents. OI offers excellent signal to noise ratios due to virtually absent background fluorescence in the NIR range and is thus a versatile tool to image specific molecular target structures in vivo. This work intends to provide a survey of the different approaches to imaging of angiogenesis using OI methods in preclinical research as well as first clinical trials. Different imaging modalities as well as various optical contrast agents are briefly discussed.
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Chang E, Liu S, Gowrishankar G, Yaghoubi S, Wedgeworth JP, Chin F, Berndorff D, Gekeler V, Gambhir SS, Cheng Z. Reproducibility study of [18F]FPP(RGD)2 uptake in murine models of human tumor xenografts. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2010; 38:722-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-010-1672-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sheth RA, Mahmood U. Optical molecular imaging and its emerging role in colorectal cancer. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010; 299:G807-20. [PMID: 20595618 PMCID: PMC3774281 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00195.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. The advent of molecular therapies targeted against specific, stereotyped cellular mutations that occur in this disease has ushered in new hope for treatment options. However, key questions regarding optimal dosing schedules, dosing duration, and patient selection remain unanswered. In this review, we describe how recent advances in molecular imaging, specifically optical molecular imaging with fluorescent probes, offer potential solutions to these questions. We begin with an overview of optical molecular imaging, including discussions on the various methods of design for fluorescent probes and the clinically relevant imaging systems that have been built to image them. We then focus on the relevance of optical molecular imaging to colorectal cancer. We review the most recent data on how this imaging modality has been applied to the measurement of treatment efficacy for currently available as well as developmental molecularly targeted therapies. We then conclude with a discussion on how this imaging approach has already begun to be translated clinically for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul A Sheth
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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45
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Jin ZH, Furukawa T, Waki A, Akaji K, Coll JL, Saga T, Fujibayashi Y. Effect of multimerization of a linear Arg-Gly-Asp peptide on integrin binding affinity and specificity. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:370-8. [PMID: 20190395 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent interactions are frequently used to enhance ligand-receptor binding affinity. In this study, mono-, di- and trimeric Ala-Val-Thr-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Tyr (AVTGRGDSY) peptides, labeled with (125)I or Cy5.5, were compared in vitro and in vivo. Using human embryonic kidney HEK293 (naturally alpha(V)-positive and beta(3)-negative), HEK293(beta(1)) (beta(1)-transfected and alpha(V)beta(3)-negative), HEK293(beta(3)) (beta(3)-transfected and strongly alpha(V)beta(3)-positive), and human glioblastoma U87MG (naturally alpha(V)beta(3)-positive) cell lines we evaluated their binding affinity and specificity. In vitro, the monomeric AVTGRGDSY showed specific binding to both HEK293(beta(1)) and HEK293(beta(3)) cells. Multimerization resulted in no change toward HEK293 cells, diminished binding with HEK293(beta(1)) cells, but substantially enhanced binding with alpha(V)beta(3)-positive HEK293(beta(3)) and U87MG cells. Moreover, multimeric AVTGRGDSY peptides were found to be nearly comparable to the same molar concentration of a well-known alpha(V)beta(3)-specific cyclo(RGDfV) (c(RGDfV)) peptide in specificity and affinity for targeting alpha(V)beta(3) integrin. Non-invasive in vivo optical imaging demonstrated that as compared to its monomeric analogue, the Cy5.5-labeled dimeric AVTGRGDSY peptide produced markedly enhanced tumor-to-background contrast in HEK293(beta(3)) tumor-bearing mice than in HEK293(beta(1)) tumor-bearing mice. In conclusion, the present study showed the difference of monomeric and multimeric linear Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing compound in integrin selectivity and affinity. Our data provide useful information for the design of novel RGD peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Hui Jin
- Diagnostic Imaging Group, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Lee S, Xie J, Chen X. Peptides and peptide hormones for molecular imaging and disease diagnosis. Chem Rev 2010; 110:3087-111. [PMID: 20225899 DOI: 10.1021/cr900361p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seulki Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Suite 1C14, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2281, USA
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Joshi BP, Wang TD. Exogenous Molecular Probes for Targeted Imaging in Cancer: Focus on Multi-modal Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2010; 2:1251-87. [PMID: 22180839 PMCID: PMC3237638 DOI: 10.3390/cancers2021251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in our health care system. Molecular imaging is an emerging methodology for the early detection of cancer, and the development of exogenous molecular probes that can be labeled for multi-modality imaging is critical to this process. Today, molecular imaging is at crossroad, and new targeted imaging agents are expected to broadly expand our ability to detect pre-malignant lesions. This integrated imaging strategy will permit clinicians to not only localize lesions within the body, but also to visualize the expression and activity of specific molecules. This information is expected to have a major impact on diagnosis, therapy, drug development and understanding of basic cancer biology. At this time, a number of molecular probes have been developed by conjugating various labels to affinity ligands for targeting in different imaging modalities. This review will describe the current status of exogenous molecular probes for optical, nuclear and MRI imaging platforms. Furthermore, we will also shed light on how these techniques can be used synergistically in multi-modal platforms and how these techniques are being employed in current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu P. Joshi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Medicine, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 1722, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Thomas D. Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Medicine, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, BSRB 1722, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Snoeks TJA, Löwik CWGM, Kaijzel EL. 'In vivo' optical approaches to angiogenesis imaging. Angiogenesis 2010; 13:135-47. [PMID: 20449766 PMCID: PMC2911541 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-010-9168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, molecular imaging gained significant importance in biomedical research. Optical imaging developed into a modality which enables the visualization and quantification of all kinds of cellular processes and cancerous cell growth in small animals. Novel gene reporter mice and cell lines and the development of targeted and cleavable fluorescent "smart" probes form a powerful imaging toolbox. The development of systems collecting tomographic bioluminescence and fluorescence data enabled even more spatial accuracy and more quantitative measurements. Here we describe various bioluminescent and fluorescent gene reporter models and probes that can be used to specifically image and quantify neovascularization or the angiogenic process itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J A Snoeks
- Department of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Building 1, C4-R86, Albinusdreef 2, 2333ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Molecular imaging and targeted therapies. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:731-8. [PMID: 20399197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapeutic and imaging agents are becoming more prevalent, and are used to treat increasingly smaller segments of the patient population. This has lead to dramatic increases in the costs for clinical trials. Biomarkers have great potential to reduce the numbers of patients needed to test novel targeted agents by predicting or identifying non-response early-on and thus enriching the clinical trial population with patients more likely to respond. Biomarkers are characteristics that are objectively measured and evaluated as indicators of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers can be used to predict response to specific therapies, predict response regardless of therapy, or to monitor response once a therapy has begun. In terms of drug development, predictive biomarkers have the greatest impact, as they can be used as inclusion criteria for patient segmentation. Prognostic markers are used routinely in clinical practice but do not provide direction for the use of targeted therapies. Imaging biomarkers have distinct advantages over those that require a biopsy sample in that they are "non-invasive" and can be monitored longitudinally at multiple time points in the same patient. This review will examine the role of functional and molecular imaging in predicting response to specific therapies; will explore the advantages and disadvantages of targeting intracellular or extracellular markers; and will discuss the attributes of useful targets and methods for target identification and validation.
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Abstract
Targeted molecular imaging techniques have become indispensable tools in modern diagnostics because they provide accurate and specific diagnosis of disease information. Conventional nonspecific contrast agents suffer from low targeting efficiency; thus, the use of molecularly targeted imaging probes is needed depending on different imaging modalities. Although recent technologies have yielded various strategies for designing smart probes, utilization of peptide-based probes has been most successful. Phage display technology and combinatorial peptide chemistry have profoundly impacted the pool of available targeting peptides for the efficient and specific delivery of imaging labels. To date, selected peptides that target a variety of disease-related receptors and biomarkers are in place. These targeting peptides can be coupled with the appropriate imaging moieties or nanoplatforms on demand with the help of sophisticated bioconjugation or radiolabeling techniques. This review article examines the current trends in peptide-based imaging probes developed for in vivo applications. We discuss the advantage of and challenges in developing peptide-based probes and summarize current systems with respect to their unique design strategies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulki Lee
- Laboratory for Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Suite 1C14, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2281, USA
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