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Detection of apoptosis by [ 18F]ML-10 after cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Ann Nucl Med 2023; 37:34-43. [PMID: 36306025 PMCID: PMC9813199 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-022-01801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction leads to ischemic heart disease and cell death, which is still a major obstacle in western society. In vivo imaging of apoptosis, a defined cascade of cell death, could identify myocardial tissue at risk. METHODS Using 2-(5-[18F]fluoropentyl)-2-methyl-malonic acid ([18F]ML-10) in autoradiography and positron emission tomography (PET) visualized apoptosis in a mouse model of transient ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) PET imaging indicated the defect area. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) histology stain indicated cardiac apoptosis. RESULTS [18F]ML-10 uptake was evident in the ischemic area after transient LAD ligation in ex vivo autoradiography and in vivo PET imaging. Detection of [18F]ML-10 is in line with the defect visualized by [18F]FDG and the histological approach of TUNEL staining. CONCLUSION The tracer [18F]ML-10 is suitable for detecting apoptosis after transient LAD ligation in mice.
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Rasul S, Beitzke D, Wollenweber T, Rausch I, Lassen ML, Stelzmüller ME, Mitterhauser M, Pichler V, Beyer T, Loewe C, Hacker M. Assessment of left and right ventricular functional parameters using dynamic dual-tracer [ 13N]NH3 and [ 18F]FDG PET/MRI. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:1003-1017. [PMID: 33094471 PMCID: PMC9163002 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) can assess various cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we intra-individually compared right (RV) and left ventricular (LV) parameters obtained from dual-tracer PET/MRI scan. METHODS In 22 patients with coronary heart disease (69 ± 9 years) dynamic [13N]NH3 (NH3) and [18F]FDG (FDG) PET scans were acquired. The first 2 minutes were used to calculate LV and RV first-pass ejection fraction (FPEF). Additionally, LV end-systolic (LVESV) and end-diastolic (LVEDV) volume and ejection fraction (LVEF) were calculated from the early (EP) and late-myocardial phases (LP). MRI served as a reference. RESULTS RVFPEF and LVFPEF from FDG and NH3 as well as RVEF and LVEF from MRI were (28 ± 11%, 32 ± 15%), (32 ± 11%, 41 ± 14%) and (42 ± 16%, 45 ± 19%), respectively. LVESV, LVEDV and LVEF from EP FDG and NH3 in 8 and 16 gates were [71 (15 to 213 mL), 98 (16 to 241 mL), 32 ± 17%] and [50 (17 to 206 mL), 93 (13 to 219 mL), 36 ± 17%] as well as [60 (19 to 360 mL), 109 (56 to 384 mL), 41 ± 22%] and [54 (16 to 371 mL), 116 (57 to 431 mL), 46 ± 24%], respectively. Moreover, LVESV, LVEDV and LVEF acquired from LP FDG and NH3 were (85 ± 63 mL, 138 ± 63 mL, 47 ± 19%) and (79 ± 56 mL, 137 ± 63 mL, 47 ± 20%), respectively. The LVESV, LVEDV from MRI were 93 ± 66 mL and 153 ± 71 mL, respectively. Significant correlations were observed for RVFPEF and LVFPEF between FDG and MRI (R = .51, P = .01; R = .64, P = .001), respectively. LVESV, LVEDV, and LVEF revealed moderate to strong correlations to MRI when they acquired from EP FDG and NH3 in 16 gates (all R > .7, P = .000). Similarly, all LV parameters from LP FDG and NH3 correlated good to strongly positive with MRI (all R > .7, and P < .001), except EDV from NH3 weakly correlated to EDV of MRI (R = .54, P < .05). Generally, Bland-Altman plots showed good agreements between PET and MRI. CONCLUSIONS Deriving LV and RV functional values from various phases of dynamic NH3 and FDG PET is feasible. These results could open a new perspective for further clinical applications of the PET examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sazan Rasul
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Floor 5L, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietrich Beitzke
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tim Wollenweber
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Floor 5L, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivo Rausch
- QIMP Team, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Lyngby Lassen
- QIMP Team, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Markus Mitterhauser
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Floor 5L, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied Diagnostics, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Pichler
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Floor 5L, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Beyer
- QIMP Team, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Loewe
- Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Hacker
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Floor 5L, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Comparison of transient and permanent LAD ligation in mice using 18F-FDG PET imaging. Ann Nucl Med 2022; 36:533-543. [PMID: 35355159 PMCID: PMC9132804 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-022-01734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Objective Animal models for myocardial injuries represent important cornerstones in cardiovascular research to monitor the pathological processes and therapeutic approaches. We investigated the association of 18F-FDG derived left ventricular metabolic volume (LVMV), defect area and cardiac function in mice after permanent or transient ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). Methods Serial non-invasive ECG-gated 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) after permanent or transient LAD ligation enabled a longitudinal in vivo correlation of 18F-FDG derived left ventricular metabolic volume to functional parameters and myocardial defect. Results The LVMV shows a more prominent drop after permanent than transient LAD ligation and recovers after 30 days. The loss of LVMV correlates with the defect area assessed by QPS software. Cardiac function parameters (e.g., EDV, ESV, SV) by the QGS software positively correlate with LVMV after permanent and transient LAD ligation. Conclusions This study provides novel insight into 18F-FDG derived LVMV after permanent and transient LAD ligation by longitudinal in 18F-FDG PET imaging and underlines the associations of the FDG derived parameter and cardiac function. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12149-022-01734-8.
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Fischer M, Olivier J, Lindner S, Zacherl MJ, Massberg S, Bartenstein P, Ziegler S, Brendel M, Lehner S, Boening G, Todica A. Detection of cardiac apoptosis by [ 18F]ML-10 in a mouse model of permanent LAD ligation. Mol Imaging Biol 2022; 24:666-674. [PMID: 35352214 PMCID: PMC9296384 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-022-01718-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The loss of viable cardiac cells and cell death by myocardial infarction (MI) is still a significant obstacle in preventing deteriorating heart failure. Imaging of apoptosis, a defined cascade to cell death, could identify areas at risk. Procedures Using 2-(5-[18F]fluoropentyl)-2-methyl-malonic acid ([18F]ML-10) in autoradiography and positron emission tomography (PET) visualized apoptosis in murine hearts after permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) inducing myocardial infarction (MI). 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) PET imaging localized the infarct area after MI. Histology by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining validated apoptosis in the heart. Results Accumulation of [18F]ML-10 was evident in the infarct area after permanent ligation of the LAD in autoradiography and PET imaging. Detection of apoptosis by [18F]ML-10 is in line with the defect visualized by [18F]FDG and the histological approach. Conclusion [18F]ML-10 could be a suitable tracer for apoptosis imaging in a mouse model of permanent LAD ligation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11307-022-01718-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Fischer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica Olivier
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias J Zacherl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sibylle Ziegler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lehner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Ambulatory Healthcare Center Dr. Neumaier & Colleagues, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, Radiation Therapy, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Guido Boening
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
- DIE RADIOLOGIE, Munich, Germany.
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Fischer M, Zacherl MJ, Weckbach L, Paintmayer L, Weinberger T, Stark K, Massberg S, Bartenstein P, Lehner S, Schulz C, Todica A. Cardiac 18F-FDG Positron Emission Tomography: An Accurate Tool to Monitor In vivo Metabolic and Functional Alterations in Murine Myocardial Infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:656742. [PMID: 34113662 PMCID: PMC8185215 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.656742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac monitoring after murine myocardial infarction, using serial non-invasive cardiac 18F-FDG positron emissions tomography (PET) represents a suitable and accurate tool for in vivo studies. Cardiac PET imaging enables tracking metabolic alterations, heart function parameters and provides correlations of the infarct size to histology. ECG-gated 18F-FDG PET scans using a dedicated small-animal PET scanner were performed in mice at baseline, 3, 14, and 30 days after myocardial infarct (MI) by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. The percentage of the injected dose per gram (%ID/g) in the heart, left ventricular metabolic volume (LVMV), myocardial defect, and left ventricular function parameters: end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and the ejection fraction (EF%) were estimated. PET assessment of the defect positively correlates with post-infarct histology at 3 and 30 days. Infarcted murine hearts show an immediate decrease in LVMV and an increase in %ID/g early after infarction, diminishing in the remodeling process. This study of serial cardiac PET scans provides insight for murine myocardial infarction models by novel infarct surrogate parameters. It depicts that serial PET imaging is a valid, accurate, and multimodal non-invasive assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Fischer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias J Zacherl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig Weckbach
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Paintmayer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weinberger
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Stark
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lehner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Ambulatory Healthcare Center Dr. Neumaier & Colleagues, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, Radiation Therapy, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
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Fischer M, Zacherl MJ, Weinberger T, Weckbach L, Huber B, Schulz C, Massberg S, Bartenstein P, Lehner S, Todica A. Comparison of metabolic and functional parameters using cardiac 18F-FDG-PET in early to mid-adulthood male and female mice. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:7. [PMID: 33464447 PMCID: PMC7815863 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this descriptive study of male and female mice at different weeks of age, we use serial non-invasive cardiac 18F-FDG-PET scans to follow up on metabolic alterations, heart function parameters, and the ECG of both sexes in early to mid-adulthood. METHODS ECG-gated 18F-FDG-PET scans were performed in mice on 10, 14, and 18 weeks of age, using a dedicated small-animal PET scanner. The percentage of the injected activity per gram (%IA/g) in the heart, left ventricular metabolic volume (LVMV), myocardial viability and left ventricular function parameters: end-diastolic (EDV), end-systolic (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and the ejection fraction (EF%) were estimated. RESULTS Compared to their age-matched female counterpart, male mice showed a constant increase in LVMV and ventricular volume during the follow-up. In contrast, female mice remain stable after ten weeks of age. Furthermore, male mice showed lower heart rates, positive correlation with cardiac %IA/g, and negative correlation with LVMV. CONCLUSION In this study of serial cardiac PET scans, we provide insight for basic murine research models, showing that mice gender and age show distinct cardiac metabolisms. These physiologic alterations need to be considered when planning in vivo injury models to avoid potential pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Fischer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias J Zacherl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Weinberger
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig Weckbach
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno Huber
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lehner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Ambulatory Healthcare Center Dr. Neumaier & Colleagues, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, Radiation Therapy, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
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Iqbal H, Yang T, Li T, Zhang M, Ke H, Ding D, Deng Y, Chen H. Serum protein-based nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment. J Control Release 2020; 329:997-1022. [PMID: 33091526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Serum protein as naturally essential biomacromolecules has recently emerged as a versatile carrier for diagnostic and therapeutic drug delivery for cancer nanomedicine with superior biocompatibility, improved pharmacokinetics and enhanced targeting capacity. A variety of serum proteins have been utilized for drug delivery, mainly including albumin, ferritin/apoferritin, transferrin, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and hemoglobin. As evidenced by the success of paclitaxel-bound albumin nanoparticles (AbraxaneTM), serum protein-based nanoparticles have gained attractive attentions for precise biological design and potential clinical application. In this review, we summarize the general design strategies, targeting mechanisms and recent development of serum protein-based nanoparticles in the field of cancer nanomedicine. Moreover, we also concisely specify the current challenges to be addressed for a bright future of serum protein-based nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Iqbal
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Miya Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hengte Ke
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dawei Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yibin Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Huabing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Jiang J, Li K, Komarov S, O'Sullivan JA, Tai YC. Feasibility study of a point-of-care positron emission tomography system with interactive imaging capability. Med Phys 2019; 46:1798-1813. [PMID: 30667069 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the feasibility of a novel positron emission tomography (PET) system that provides near real-time feedback to an operator who can interactively scan a patient to optimize image quality. The system should be compact and mobile to support point-of-care (POC) molecular imaging applications. In this study, we present the key technologies required and discuss the potential benefits of such new capability. METHODS The core of this novel PET technology includes trackable PET detectors and a fully three-dimensional, fast image reconstruction engine implemented on multiple graphics processing units (GPUs) to support dynamically changing geometry by calculating the system matrix on-the-fly using a tube-of-response approach. With near real-time image reconstruction capability, a POC-PET system may comprise a maneuverable front PET detector and a second detector panel which can be stationary or moved synchronously with the front detector such that both panels face the region-of-interest (ROI) with the detector trajectory contoured around a patient's body. We built a proof-of-concept prototype using two planar detectors each consisting of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) optically coupled to an array of 48 × 48 lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO) crystals (1.0 × 1.0 × 10.0 mm3 each). Only 38 × 38 crystals in each arrays can be clearly re-solved and used for coincidence detection. One detector was mounted to a robotic arm which can position it at arbitrary locations, and the other detector was mounted on a rotational stage. A cylindrical phantom (102 mm in diameter, 150 mm long) with nine spherical lesions (8:1 tumor-to-background activity concentration ratio) was imaged from 27 sampling angles. List-mode events were reconstructed to form images without or with time-of-flight (TOF) information. We conducted two Monte Carlo simulations using two POC-PET systems. The first one uses the same phantom and detector setup as our experiment, with the detector coincidence re-solving time (CRT) ranging from 100 to 700 ps full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM). The second study simulates a body-size phantom (316 × 228 × 160 mm3 ) imaged by a larger POC-PET system that has 4 × 6 modules (32 × 32 LYSO crystals/module, four in axial and six in transaxial directions) in the front panel and 3 × 8 modules (16 × 16 LYSO crystals/module, three in axial and eight in transaxial directions) in the back panel. We also evaluated an interactive scanning strategy by progressively increasing the number of data sets used for image reconstruction. The updated images were analyzed based on the number of data sets and the detector CRT. RESULTS The proof-of-concept prototype re-solves most of the spherical lesions despite a limited number of coincidence events and incomplete sampling. TOF information reduces artifacts in the reconstructed images. Systems with better timing resolution exhibit improved image quality and reduced artifacts. We observed a reconstruction speed of 0.96 × 106 events/s/iteration for 600 × 600 × 224 voxel rectilinear space using four GPUs. A POC-PET system with significantly higher sensitivity can interactively image a body-size object from four angles in less than 7 min. CONCLUSIONS We have developed GPU-based fast image reconstruction capability to support a PET system with arbitrary and dynamically changing geometry. Using TOF PET detectors, we demonstrated the feasibility of a PET system that can provide timely visual feedback to an operator who can scan a patient interactively to support POC imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Jiang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63110, USA
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Sergey Komarov
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63110, USA
| | - Joseph A O'Sullivan
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63130, USA
| | - Yuan-Chuan Tai
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MI, 63110, USA
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Lijuan S, Shu L, Yonghua Z, Qingmin X, Chungang Z, Lan L. Effect of Shenqi Yangxin decoction on high mobility group box 1 and inflammatory signal pathway in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(18)30985-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Basuli F, Zhang X, Williams MR, Seidel J, Green MV, Choyke PL, Swenson RE, Jagoda EM. One-pot synthesis and biodistribution of fluorine-18 labeled serum albumin for vascular imaging. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 62-63:63-70. [PMID: 29929114 PMCID: PMC6139435 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Equilibrium single-photon radionuclide imaging methods for assessing cardiac function and the integrity of the vascular system have long been in use for both clinical and research purposes. However, positron-emitting blood pool agents that could provide PET equivalents to these (and other) clinical procedures have not yet been adopted despite technical imaging advantages offered by PET. Our goal was to develop a PET blood pool tracer that not only meets necessary in vivo biological requirements but can be produced with an uncomplicated and rapid synthesis method which would facilitate clinical translation. Herein, albumin labeled with fluorine-18 was synthesized using a one-pot method and evaluated in vitro and in vivo in rats. METHODS A ligand (NODA-Bz-TFPE), containing NODA attached to a tetrafluorophenylester (TFPE) via a phenyl linker (Bz), was labeled with aluminum fluoride (Al[18F]F). Conjugation of the serum albumin with the ligand (Al[18F]F-NODA-Bz-TFPE), followed by purification (size exclusion chromatography), yielded the final product (Al[18F]F-NODA-Bz-RSA/HSA). In vitro stability was evaluated in human serum albumin by HPLC. Rat biodistributions and whole-body PET imaging over a 4 h time course were used for the in vivo evaluation. RESULTS This synthesis exhibited an overall radiochemical yield of 45 ± 10% (n = 30), a 50-min radiolabeling time, a radiochemical purity >99% and apparent stability up to 4 h in human serum. Blood had the highest retention of Al[18F]F-NODA-Bz-RSA at all times with a blood half-life of 5.2 h in rats. Al[18F]F-NODA-Bz-RSA distribution in most rat tissues remained relatively constant for up to 1 h, indicating that the tissue radioactivity content represents the respective tissue plasma volume. Dynamic whole-body PET images were in agreement with these findings. CONCLUSIONS A new ligand has been developed and radiolabeled with Al[18F]F that allows rapid (50-min) preparation of fluorine-18 serum albumin in one-pot. In addition to increased synthetic efficiency, the construct appears to be metabolically stable in rats. This method could encourage wider use of PET to quantify cardiac function and tissue vascular integrity in both research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falguni Basuli
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States.
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Mark R Williams
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jurgen Seidel
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Contractor to Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.), NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Michael V Green
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Contractor to Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.), NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rolf E Swenson
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Elaine M Jagoda
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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11
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Development of 68Ga labeled human serum albumin for blood pool imaging: a comparison between two ligands. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Liu Z, Chen X. Simple bioconjugate chemistry serves great clinical advances: albumin as a versatile platform for diagnosis and precision therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:1432-56. [PMID: 26771036 PMCID: PMC5227548 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00158g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant circulating protein in plasma and has recently emerged as a versatile protein carrier for drug targeting and for improving the pharmacokinetic profile of peptide or protein based drugs. Three drug delivery technologies related to albumin have been developed, which include the coupling of low-molecular weight drugs to exogenous or endogenous albumin, conjugating bioactive proteins by albumin fusion technology (AFT), and encapsulation of drugs into albumin nanoparticles. This review article starts with a brief introduction of human serum albumin (HSA), and then summarizes the mainstream chemical strategies of developing HSA binding molecules for coupling with drug molecules. Moreover, we also concisely condense the recent progress of the most important clinical applications of HSA-binding platforms, and specify the current challenges that need to be met for a bright future of HSA-binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Gross L, Paintmayer L, Lehner S, Brandl L, Brenner C, Grabmaier U, Huber B, Bartenstein P, Theiss HD, Franz WM, Massberg S, Todica A, Brunner S. FDG-PET reveals improved cardiac regeneration and attenuated adverse remodelling following Sitagliptin + G-CSF therapy after acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 17:136-45. [PMID: 26420287 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Dual therapy comprising G-CSF for mobilization of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells (BMPCs), with simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of dipeptidylpeptidase-IV for enhanced myocardial recruitment of circulating BMPC via the SDF-1α/CXCR4-axis, has been shown to improve survival after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Using an innovative method to provide non-invasive serial in vivo measurements and information on metabolic processes, we aimed to substantiate the possible effects of this therapeutic concept on cardiac remodelling after AMI using 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). METHODS AND RESULTS AMI was induced in C57BL/6 mice by performing surgical ligation of the left anterior descending artery in these mice. Animals were then treated with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor + Sitagliptin (GS) or placebo for a duration of 5 days following AMI. From serial PET scans, we verified that the infarct size in GS-treated mice (n = 13) was significantly reduced at Day 30 after AMI when compared with the mice receiving placebo (n = 10). Analyses showed a normalized FDG uptake on Day 6 in GS-treated mice, indicating an attenuation of the cardiac inflammatory response to AMI in treated animals. Furthermore, flow cytometry showed a significant increase in the anti-inflammatory M2-macrophages subpopulation in GS-treated animals. In comparing GS treated with placebo animals, those receiving GS-therapy showed a reduction in myocardial hypertrophy and left ventricular dilatation, which indicates the beneficial effect of GS treatment on cardiac remodelling. Remarkably, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry showed an increase of myocardial c-kit positive cells in treated mice (n = 12 in both groups). CONCLUSION Using the innovative method of micro-PET for non-invasive serial in vivo measurements of metabolic myocardial processes in mice, we were able to provide mechanistic evidence that GS therapy improves cardiac regeneration and reduces adverse remodelling after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Gross
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Lisa Paintmayer
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lehner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lydia Brandl
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Brenner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulrich Grabmaier
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Bruno Huber
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Diogenes Theiss
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Wolfgang-Michael Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunner
- Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany
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Zhang J, Lang L, Zhu Z, Li F, Niu G, Chen X. Clinical Translation of an Albumin-Binding PET Radiotracer 68Ga-NEB. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:1609-14. [PMID: 26251416 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.159640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Suitably labeled Evans blue dye has been successfully applied to evaluate cardiac function, vascular permeability, and lymphatic imaging in preclinical settings. This study documented the first-in-human application of 68Ga-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N″-triacetic acid (NOTA)-NEB. METHODS The NOTA-conjugated truncated form of Evans blue, NEB, was labeled with 68Ga and tested in BALB/C mice for dynamic PET and ex vivo biodistribution studies. Three healthy volunteers (2 men and 1 woman) underwent 90-min whole-body dynamic PET. The absorbed doses for major organs and whole body were calculated using OLINDA/EXM software. Eleven patients with focal hepatic lesions diagnosed by enhanced CT or MR imaging were subjected to whole-body PET/CT acquisitions at 30 min after intravenous injection of 111-148 MBq (3-4 mCi) of 68Ga-NEB. RESULTS NEB dye was labeled with 68Ga (half-time, 68 min) with high yield and purity. After intravenous injection, 68Ga-NEB formed a complex with serum albumin, thus most of the radioactivity was retained in blood circulation. The tracer was demonstrated to be safe in both healthy volunteers and recruited patients without side effects or allergies. Among the 11 patients, hemangiomas showed much higher 68Ga-NEB signal intensity than the surrounding normal hepatic tissues, whereas no apparent difference between lesions and hepatic tissues was identified on 18F-FDG PET. All other focal hepatic lesions including hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic cysts, and neuroendocrine tumor liver metastases showed negative 68Ga-NEB contrast to hepatic tissues. CONCLUSION As a blood-pool imaging agent, 68Ga-NEB is safe to use in the clinic, and our preliminary studies demonstrate the value of differentiating hepatic hemangioma from other benign or malignant focal hepatic lesions. Easy labeling with different positron emitters of various half-lives, excellent pharmacokinetics, and imaging quality warrant further clinical applications of NEB-based PET tracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Beijing, China; and Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zhaohui Zhu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Beijing, China; and
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS and PUMC), Beijing, China; and
| | - Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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15
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Basuli F, Li C, Xu B, Williams M, Wong K, Coble VL, Vasalatiy O, Seidel J, Green MV, Griffiths GL, Choyke PL, Jagoda EM. Synthesis of fluorine-18 radio-labeled serum albumins for PET blood pool imaging. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 42:219-25. [PMID: 25533724 PMCID: PMC4329020 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We sought to develop a practical, reproducible and clinically translatable method of radiolabeling serum albumins with fluorine-18 for use as a PET blood pool imaging agent in animals and man. Fluorine-18 radiolabeled fluoronicotinic acid-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl ester, [(18)F]F-Py-TFP was prepared first by the reaction of its quaternary ammonium triflate precursor with [(18)F]tetrabutylammonium fluoride ([(18)F]TBAF) according to a previously published method for peptides, with minor modifications. The incubation of [(18)F]F-Py-TFP with rat serum albumin (RSA) in phosphate buffer (pH9) for 15 min at 37-40 °C produced fluorine-18-radiolabeled RSA and the product was purified using a mini-PD MiniTrap G-25 column. The overall radiochemical yield of the reaction was 18-35% (n=30, uncorrected) in a 90-min synthesis. This procedure, repeated with human serum albumin (HSA), yielded similar results. Fluorine-18-radiolabeled RSA demonstrated prolonged blood retention (biological half-life of 4.8 hours) in healthy awake rats. The distribution of major organ radioactivity remained relatively unchanged during the 4 hour observation periods either by direct tissue counting or by dynamic PET whole-body imaging except for a gradual accumulation of labeled metabolic products in the bladder. This manual method for synthesizing radiolabeled serum albumins uses fluorine-18, a widely available PET radionuclide, and natural protein available in both pure and recombinant forms which could be scaled up for widespread clinical applications. These preclinical biodistribution and PET imaging results indicate that [(18)F]RSA is an effective blood pool imaging agent in rats and might, as [(18)F]HSA, prove similarly useful as a clinical imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falguni Basuli
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD.
| | - Changhui Li
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Biying Xu
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Mark Williams
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Karen Wong
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Vincent L Coble
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Olga Vasalatiy
- Imaging Probe Development Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Jurgen Seidel
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Contractor to Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.), NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Michael V Green
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Contractor to Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. (formerly SAIC-Frederick, Inc.), NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Gary L Griffiths
- Clinical Research Directorate/CMRP, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elaine M Jagoda
- Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Velikyan I. Continued rapid growth in68Ga applications: update 2013 to June 2014. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2015; 58:99-121. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Velikyan
- Preclinical PET Platform, Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Uppsala University; SE-75183 Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science; Uppsala University; SE-75285 Uppsala Sweden
- PET-Centre, Centre for Medical Imaging; Uppsala University Hospital; SE-75185 Uppsala Sweden
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Todica A, Zacherl MJ, Wang H, Böning G, Jansen NL, Wängler C, Bartenstein P, Kreissl MC, Hacker M, Brunner S, Lehner S. In-vivo monitoring of erythropoietin treatment after myocardial infarction in mice with [⁶⁸Ga]Annexin A5 and [¹⁸F]FDG PET. J Nucl Cardiol 2014; 21:1191-9. [PMID: 25189144 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-014-9987-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies substantiate the cardioprotective effects of erythropoietin (EPO). Our goal was to quantify the effects of EPO treatment on the early expression of the apoptosis marker phosphatidylserine as well as on the left ventricular volumes and function by means of small animal PET. METHODS AND RESULTS Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were assigned to saline or EPO groups and underwent Annexin PET (day 2) and gated FDG PET (days 6 and 30). Annexin uptake was significantly higher in the infarction than in remote myocardium, with no differences between treatment groups. Infarct size showed a slight decrease in the EPO group and a slight increase in the controls, which did not reach statistical significance. Follow-up analyses revealed a significant increase of end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes in the EPO group, in which a stable left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was maintained. CONCLUSION We find that deleterious effects of EPO can outweigh cardioprotective effects. The present EPO treatment did not significantly reduce apoptosis after MI, but seemingly provoked significant myocardial dilation while maintaining a stable LVEF. Molecular mechanisms of EPO treatment may need further elucidation to optimize therapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Todica
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Niu G, Lang L, Kiesewetter DO, Ma Y, Sun Z, Guo N, Guo J, Wu C, Chen X. In Vivo Labeling of Serum Albumin for PET. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:1150-6. [PMID: 24842890 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.139642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to develop a novel in vivo albumin-labeling method to allow PET of cardiac function after myocardial infarction and vascular leakage and increased permeability in inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors. METHODS To label albumin in vivo, we synthesized a NOTA (1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N″-triacetic acid)-conjugated truncated form of Evans blue (NEB). (18)F labeling was achieved by the formation of an (18)F-aluminum fluoride ((18)F-AlF) complex, and (64)Cu labeling was obtained by a standard chelation method. Sixty-minute dynamic PET imaging was performed on normal mice to evaluate the distribution of (18)F-AlF-NEB, which was compared with in vitro-labeled mouse serum albumin ((18)F-fluorobenzyl-MSA). Electrocardiography-gated PET imaging was performed in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Both dynamic and static PET scans were obtained in a mouse inflammation model induced by local injection of turpentine to evaluate vascular leakage. Tumor permeability was studied by dynamic and late-point static PET using (64)Cu-NEB in a UM-22B xenograft model. RESULTS NEB was successfully synthesized, and (18)F labeling including work-up took about 20-30 min, with a radiochemical purity greater than 95% without the need for high-performance liquid chromatography purification. Most of the radioactivity was retained in the circulation system at 60 min after injection (26.35 ± 1.52 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g]). With electrocardiography-gated PET, ventricles of the heart and major arteries were clearly visualized. The myocardial infarction mice showed much lower left ventricular ejection fraction than the control mice. Inflammatory muscles showed significantly higher tracer accumulation than the contralateral healthy ones. UM-22B tumor uptake of (64)Cu-NEB gradually increased with time (5.73 ± 1.11 %ID/g at 1 h and 8.03 ± 0.77 %ID/g at 2 h after injection). CONCLUSION The distribution and local accumulation of serum albumin can be noninvasively visualized and quantified by (18)F-AlF-NEB and (64)Cu-NEB PET. The simple labeling and broad applications make these imaging probes attractive for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Niu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lixin Lang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dale O Kiesewetter
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ying Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zhongchan Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ning Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jinxia Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chenxi Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland
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