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Adamson PM, Datta K, Watkins R, Recht LD, Hurd RE, Spielman DM. Deuterium metabolic imaging for 3D mapping of glucose metabolism in humans with central nervous system lesions at 3T. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:39-50. [PMID: 37796151 PMCID: PMC10841984 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the potential of 3T deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) using a birdcage 2 H radiofrequency (RF) coil in both healthy volunteers and patients with central nervous system (CNS) lesions. METHODS A modified gradient filter, home-built 2 H volume RF coil, and spherical k-space sampling were employed in a three-dimensional chemical shift imaging acquisition to obtain high-quality whole-brain metabolic images of 2 H-labeled water and glucose metabolic products. These images were acquired in a healthy volunteer and three subjects with CNS lesions of varying pathologies. Hardware and pulse sequence experiments were also conducted to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of DMI at 3T. RESULTS The ability to quantify local glucose metabolism in correspondence to anatomical landmarks across patients with varying CNS lesions is demonstrated, and increased lactate is observed in one patient with the most active disease. CONCLUSION DMI offers the potential to examine metabolic activity in human subjects with CNS lesions with DMI at 3T, promising for the potential of the future clinical translation of this metabolic imaging technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M. Adamson
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California USA
| | - Keshav Datta
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ron Watkins
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Lawrence D. Recht
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ralph E. Hurd
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Kendirli MT, Malek R, Silveira MB, Acosta C, Zhang S, Azevedo C, Nagy SC, Habte F, James ML, Recht LD, Beinat C. Development of [ 18F]DASA-10 for enhanced imaging of pyruvate kinase M2. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 124-125:108382. [PMID: 37634399 PMCID: PMC10843576 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for measuring pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) with improved physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties compared to [18F]DASA-23. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN First, we synthesized [18F]DASA-10 and tested its uptake and retention compared to [18F]DASA-23 in human and mouse glioma cell lines. We then confirmed the specificity of [18F]DASA-10 by transiently modulating the expression of PKM2 in DU145 and HeLa cells. Next, we determined [18F]DASA-10 pharmacokinetics in healthy nude mice using PET imaging and subsequently assessed the ability of [18F]DASA-10 versus [18F]DASA-23 to enable in vivo detection of intracranial gliomas in syngeneic C6 rat models of glioma. RESULTS [18F]DASA-10 demonstrated excellent cellular uptake and retention with values significantly higher than [18F]DASA-23 in all cell lines and timepoints investigated. [18F]DASA-10 showed a 73 % and 65 % reduced uptake respectively in DU145 and HeLa cells treated with PKM2 siRNA as compared to control siRNA treated cells. [18F]DASA-10 showed favorable biodistribution and pharmacokinetic properties and a significantly improved tumor-to-brain ratio in rat C6 glioma models relative to [18F]DASA-23 (3.2 ± 0.8 versus 1.6 ± 0.3, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION [18F]DASA-10 is a new PET radiotracer for molecular imaging of PKM2 with potential to overcome the prior limitations observed with [18F]DASA-23. [18F]DASA-10 shows promise for clinical translation to enable imaging of brain malignancies owing to its low background signal in the healthy brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa T Kendirli
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Rim Malek
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Marina B Silveira
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Nuclear Technology Development Centre, National Nuclear Energy Commission, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Christopher Acosta
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Shuwen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Carmen Azevedo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Sydney C Nagy
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Frezghi Habte
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Michelle L James
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA; Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Lawrence D Recht
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 943065, USA
| | - Corinne Beinat
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 943065, USA.
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Meng Y, Sun J, Zhang G, Yu T, Piao H. Imaging glucose metabolism to reveal tumor progression. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1103354. [PMID: 36818450 PMCID: PMC9932271 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1103354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To analyze and review the progress of glucose metabolism-based molecular imaging in detecting tumors to guide clinicians for new management strategies. Summary: When metabolic abnormalities occur, termed the Warburg effect, it simultaneously enables excessive cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis. Molecular imaging technology combines molecular biology and cell probe technology to visualize, characterize, and quantify processes at cellular and subcellular levels in vivo. Modern instruments, including molecular biochemistry, data processing, nanotechnology, and image processing, use molecular probes to perform real-time, non-invasive imaging of molecular and cellular events in living organisms. Conclusion: Molecular imaging is a non-invasive method for live detection, dynamic observation, and quantitative assessment of tumor glucose metabolism. It enables in-depth examination of the connection between the tumor microenvironment and tumor growth, providing a reliable assessment technique for scientific and clinical research. This new technique will facilitate the translation of fundamental research into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Meng
- Central Laboratory, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Central Laboratory, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guirong Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Medical Image, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Tao Yu, ; Haozhe Piao,
| | - Haozhe Piao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Tao Yu, ; Haozhe Piao,
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Seo JW, Ajenjo J, Wu B, Robinson E, Raie MN, Wang J, Tumbale SK, Buccino P, Anders DA, Shen B, Habte FG, Beinat C, James ML, Reyes ST, Ravindra Kumar S, Miles TF, Lee JT, Gradinaru V, Ferrara KW. Multimodal imaging of capsid and cargo reveals differential brain targeting and liver detargeting of systemically-administered AAVs. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121701. [PMID: 35985893 PMCID: PMC9621732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The development of gene delivery vehicles with high organ specificity when administered systemically is a critical goal for gene therapy. We combine optical and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of 1) reporter genes and 2) capsid tags to assess the temporal and spatial distribution and transduction of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs). AAV9 and two engineered AAV vectors (PHP.eB and CAP-B10) that are noteworthy for maximizing blood-brain barrier transport were compared. CAP-B10 shares a modification in the 588 loop with PHP.eB, but also has a modification in the 455 loop, added with the goal of reducing off-target transduction. PET and optical imaging revealed that the additional modifications retained brain receptor affinity. In the liver, the accumulation of AAV9 and the engineered AAV capsids was similar (∼15% of the injected dose per cc and not significantly different between capsids at 21 h). However, the engineered capsids were primarily internalized by Kupffer cells rather than hepatocytes, and liver transduction was greatly reduced. PET reporter gene imaging after engineered AAV systemic injection provided a non-invasive method to monitor AAV-mediated protein expression over time. Through comparison with capsid tagging, differences between brain localization and transduction were revealed. In summary, AAV capsids bearing imaging tags and reporter gene payloads create a unique and powerful platform to assay the pharmacokinetics, cellular specificity and protein expression kinetics of AAV vectors in vivo, a key enabler for the field of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Woong Seo
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Javier Ajenjo
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bo Wu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Elise Robinson
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marina Nura Raie
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - James Wang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Spencer K Tumbale
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pablo Buccino
- Stanford Cyclotron & Radiochemistry Facility (CRF), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Alexander Anders
- Stanford Cyclotron & Radiochemistry Facility (CRF), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Bin Shen
- Stanford Cyclotron & Radiochemistry Facility (CRF), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Frezghi G Habte
- Stanford Center for Innovation in In vivo Imaging (SCi3), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Corinne Beinat
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle L James
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Samantha Taylor Reyes
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sripriya Ravindra Kumar
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Timothy F Miles
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jason T Lee
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Viviana Gradinaru
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Katherine W Ferrara
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Beinat C, Patel CB, Haywood T, Murty S, Naya L, Castillo JB, Reyes ST, Phillips M, Buccino P, Shen B, Park JH, Koran MEI, Alam IS, James ML, Holley D, Halbert K, Gandhi H, He JQ, Granucci M, Johnson E, Liu DD, Uchida N, Sinha R, Chu P, Born DE, Warnock GI, Weissman I, Hayden-Gephart M, Khalighi M, Massoud TF, Iagaru A, Davidzon G, Thomas R, Nagpal S, Recht LD, Gambhir SS. A Clinical PET Imaging Tracer ([ 18F]DASA-23) to Monitor Pyruvate Kinase M2-Induced Glycolytic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6467-6478. [PMID: 34475101 PMCID: PMC8639752 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) catalyzes the final step in glycolysis, a key process of cancer metabolism. PKM2 is preferentially expressed by glioblastoma (GBM) cells with minimal expression in healthy brain. We describe the development, validation, and translation of a novel PET tracer to study PKM2 in GBM. We evaluated 1-((2-fluoro-6-[18F]fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine ([18F]DASA-23) in cell culture, mouse models of GBM, healthy human volunteers, and patients with GBM. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN [18F]DASA-23 was synthesized with a molar activity of 100.47 ± 29.58 GBq/μmol and radiochemical purity >95%. We performed initial testing of [18F]DASA-23 in GBM cell culture and human GBM xenografts implanted orthotopically into mice. Next, we produced [18F]DASA-23 under FDA oversight, and evaluated it in healthy volunteers and a pilot cohort of patients with glioma. RESULTS In mouse imaging studies, [18F]DASA-23 clearly delineated the U87 GBM from surrounding healthy brain tissue and had a tumor-to-brain ratio of 3.6 ± 0.5. In human volunteers, [18F]DASA-23 crossed the intact blood-brain barrier and was rapidly cleared. In patients with GBM, [18F]DASA-23 successfully outlined tumors visible on contrast-enhanced MRI. The uptake of [18F]DASA-23 was markedly elevated in GBMs compared with normal brain, and it identified a metabolic nonresponder within 1 week of treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS We developed and translated [18F]DASA-23 as a new tracer that demonstrated the visualization of aberrantly expressed PKM2 for the first time in human subjects. These results warrant further clinical evaluation of [18F]DASA-23 to assess its utility for imaging therapy-induced normalization of aberrant cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Beinat
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Chirag B Patel
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tom Haywood
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Surya Murty
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lewis Naya
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jessa B Castillo
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Samantha T Reyes
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Megan Phillips
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pablo Buccino
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jun Hyung Park
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mary Ellen I Koran
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Israt S Alam
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Michelle L James
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dawn Holley
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kim Halbert
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Harsh Gandhi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Joy Q He
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Monica Granucci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Eli Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel Dan Liu
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Nobuko Uchida
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pauline Chu
- Stanford Human Research Histology Core, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Donald E Born
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Irving Weissman
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Melanie Hayden-Gephart
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mehdi Khalighi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tarik F Massoud
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Guido Davidzon
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Reena Thomas
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Seema Nagpal
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lawrence D Recht
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Fuchigami T, Chiga T, Yoshida S, Oba M, Fukushima Y, Inoue H, Matsuura A, Toriba A, Nakayama M. Synthesis and Characterization of Radiogallium-Labeled Cationic Amphiphilic Peptides as Tumor Imaging Agents. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102388. [PMID: 34069243 PMCID: PMC8155856 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SVS-1 is a cationic amphiphilic peptide (CAP) that exhibits a preferential cytotoxicity towards cancer cells over normal cells. In this study, we developed radiogallium-labeled SVS-1 (67Ga-NOTA-KV6), as well as two SVS-1 derivatives, with the repeating KV residues replaced by RV or HV (67Ga-NOTA-RV6 and 67Ga-NOTA-HV6). All three peptides showed high accumulation in epidermoid carcinoma KB cells (53-143% uptake/mg protein). Though 67Ga-NOTA-RV6 showed the highest uptake among the three CAPs, its uptake in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts was just as high, indicating a low selectivity. In contrast, the uptake of 67Ga-NOTA-KV6 and 67Ga-NOTA-HV6 into 3T3-L1 cells was significantly lower than that in KB cells. An endocytosis inhibition study suggested that the three 67Ga-NOTA-CAPs follow distinct pathways for internalization. In the biodistribution study, the tumor uptakes were found to be 4.46%, 4.76%, and 3.18% injected dose/g of tissue (% ID/g) for 67Ga-NOTA-KV6, 67Ga-NOTA-RV6, and 67Ga-NOTA-HV6, respectively, 30 min after administration. Though the radioactivity of these peptides in tumor tissue decreased gradually, 67Ga-NOTA-KV6, 67Ga-NOTA-RV6, and 67Ga-NOTA-HV6 reached high tumor/blood ratios (7.7, 8.0, and 3.8, respectively) and tumor/muscle ratios (5.0, 3.3, and 4.0, respectively) 120 min after administration. 67Ga-NOTA-HV6 showed a lower tumor uptake than the two other tracers, but it exhibited very low levels of uptake into peripheral organs. Overall, the replacement of lysine in SVS-1 with other basic amino acids significantly influenced its binding and internalization into cancer cells, as well as its in vivo pharmacokinetic profile. The high accessibility of these peptides to tumors and their ability to target the surface membranes of cancer cells make radiolabeled CAPs excellent candidates for use in tumor theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Fuchigami
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (M.N.); Tel.: +81-95-819-2442 (T.F.)
| | - Takeshi Chiga
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Sakura Yoshida
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Makoto Oba
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1–5 Shimogamohangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0823, Japan;
| | - Yu Fukushima
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Hiromi Inoue
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Akari Matsuura
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Akira Toriba
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Morio Nakayama
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1–14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan; (T.C.); (S.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.I.); (A.M.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (M.N.); Tel.: +81-95-819-2442 (T.F.)
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Serganova I, Blasberg RG. Molecular Imaging with Reporter Genes: Has Its Promise Been Delivered? J Nucl Med 2020; 60:1665-1681. [PMID: 31792128 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.220004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The first reporter systems were developed in the early 1980s and were based on measuring the activity of an enzyme-as a surrogate measure of promoter-driven transcriptional activity-which is now known as a reporter gene system. The initial objective and application of reporter techniques was to analyze the activity of a specific promoter (namely, the expression of a gene that is under the regulation of the specific promoter that is linked to the reporter gene). This system allows visualization of specific promoter activity with great sensitivity. In general, there are 2 classes of reporter systems: constitutively expressed (always-on) reporter constructs used for cell tracking, and inducible reporter systems sensitive to endogenous signaling molecules and transcription factors that characterize specific tissues, tumors, or signaling pathways.This review traces the development of different reporter systems, using fluorescent and bioluminescent proteins as well as radionuclide-based reporter systems. The development and application of radionuclide-based reporter systems is the focus of this review. The question at the end of the review is whether the "promise" of reporter gene imaging has been realized. What is required for moving forward with radionuclide-based reporter systems, and what is required for successful translation to clinical applications?
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Serganova
- Department of Neurology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ronald G Blasberg
- Department of Neurology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Department of Radiology, Memorial Hospital, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; and.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Human biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of [ 18F]DASA-23, a PET probe targeting pyruvate kinase M2. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2020; 47:2123-2130. [PMID: 31938892 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-04687-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the safety, biodistribution, and radiation dosimetry of the novel positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceutical 1-((2-fluoro-6-[[18F]]fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine ([18F]DASA-23) in healthy volunteers. METHODS We recruited 5 healthy volunteers who provided a written informed consent. Volunteers were injected with 295.0 ± 8.2 MBq of [18F]DASA-23 intravenously. Immediately following injection, a dynamic scan of the brain was acquired for 15 min. This was followed by serial whole-body PET/MRI scans acquired up to 3 h post-injection. Blood samples were collected at regular intervals, and vital signs monitored pre- and post-radiotracer administration. Regions of interest were drawn around multiple organs, time-activity curves were calculated, and organ uptake and dosimetry were estimated with OLINDA/EXM (version 1.1) software. RESULTS All subjects tolerated the PET/MRI examination, without adverse reactions to [18F]DASA-23. [18F]DASA-23 passively crossed the blood-brain barrier, followed by rapid clearance from the brain. High accumulation of [18F]DASA-23 was noted in organs such as the gallbladder, liver, small intestine, and urinary bladder, suggesting hepatobiliary and urinary clearance. The effective dose of [18F]DASA-23 was 23.5 ± 5.8 μSv/MBq. CONCLUSION We successfully completed a pilot first-in-human study of [18F]DASA-23. Our results indicate that [18F]DASA-23 can be used safely in humans to evaluate pyruvate kinase M2 levels. Ongoing studies are evaluating the ability of [18F]DASA-23 to visualize intracranial malignancies, NCT03539731. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03539731 (registered 28 May 2018).
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Preoperative detection of lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer: The role of 18-FDG PET/CT. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.619609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Beinat C, Gowrishankar G, Shen B, Alam IS, Robinson E, Haywood T, Patel CB, Azevedo EC, Castillo JB, Ilovich O, Koglin N, Schmitt-Willich H, Berndt M, Mueller A, Zerna M, Srinivasan A, Gambhir SS. The Characterization of 18F-hGTS13 for Molecular Imaging of xC− Transporter Activity with PET. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1812-1817. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.225870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Positron emission tomography reporter gene strategy for use in the central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:11402-11407. [PMID: 31123153 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901645116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing need for monitoring or imaging gene therapy in the central nervous system (CNS). This can be achieved with a positron emission tomography (PET) reporter gene strategy. Here we report the development of a PET reporter gene system using the PKM2 gene with its associated radiotracer [18F]DASA-23. The PKM2 reporter gene was delivered to the brains of mice by adeno-associated virus (AAV9) via stereotactic injection. Serial PET imaging was carried out over 8 wk to assess PKM2 expression. After 8 wk, the brains were excised for further mRNA and protein analysis. PET imaging at 8 wk post-AAV delivery showed an increase in [18F]DASA-23 brain uptake in the transduced site of mice injected with the AAV mice over all controls. We believe PKM2 shows great promise as a PET reporter gene and to date is the only example that can be used in all areas of the CNS without breaking the blood-brain barrier, to monitor gene and cell therapy.
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