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Liu DD, He JQ, Uchida N, Weissman IL, Sinha R. Prospective isolation of neural stem and progenitor cells from the developing human brain. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102674. [PMID: 37897731 PMCID: PMC10751551 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Prospective isolation of defined cell types is critical for the functional study of stem cells, especially in primary human tissues. Here, we present a protocol for purifying 10 transcriptomically and functionally distinct neural stem and progenitor cell types from the developing human brain using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We describe steps for tissue dissociation, staining, and cell sorting as well as downstream functional experiments for measuring clonogenicity, differentiation, and engraftment potential of purified populations. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Liu et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dan Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joy Q He
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nobuko Uchida
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Sun JJ, Li PJ, Yu XP, Zhao H, Zhang XL, Tu CC, Zhang MD, Jiang TY, Song XT, He JQ. [Efficacy of alcohol septal ablation in mildly symptomatic or severely symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2023; 51:513-520. [PMID: 37198123 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220613-00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the prognosis of mildly or severely symptomatic patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OHCM) who underwent alcohol septal ablation (ASA). Methods: This retrospective study cohort consisted of patients with OHCM who received ASA treatment in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from March 2001 to August 2021. These patients were divided into mildly and severely symptomatic groups according to the severity of clinical symptoms. Long-term follow-up was conducted, and the following data were collected: duration of follow-up, postoperatire treatment, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, arrhythmia events and pacemaker implantation, echocardiographic parameters, and cause of death. Overall survival and survival free from OHCM-related death were observed, and the improvement of clinical symptoms and resting left ventricular outflow tract gradient (LVOTG) and the incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation were evaluated. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to determine and compare the cumulative survival rates of the different groups. Cox regression analysis models were used to determine predictors of clinical events. Results: A total of 189 OHCM patients were included in this study, including 68 in the mildly symptomatic group and 121 in the severely symptomatic group. The median follow-up of the study was 6.0 (2.7, 10.6) years. There was no statistical difference in overall survival between the mildly symptomatic group (5-year and 10-year overall survival were 97.0% and 94.4%, respectively) and the severely symptomatic group (5-year and 10-year overall survival were 94.2% and 83.9%, respectively, P=0.405); there was also no statistical difference in survival free from OHCM-related death between the mildly symptomatic group (5-year and 10-year survival free from HCM-related death were 97.0% and 94.4%, respectively) and the severely symptomatic group (5-year and 10-year survival free from HCM-related death were 95.2% and 92.6%, respectively, P=0.846). In the mildly symptomatic group, NYHA classification was improved after ASA (P<0.001), among which 37 patients (54.4%) were in NYHA class Ⅰ, and the resting left ventricular outflow tract gradient (LVOTG) decreased from 67.6 (42.7, 90.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) to 24.4 (11.7, 35.6) mmHg (P<0.001). In severely symptomatic group, NYHA classification was also improved post ASA (P<0.001), among which 96 patients (79.3%) improved by at least one NYHA classification, and the resting LVOTG decreased from 69.6 (38.4, 96.1) mmHg to 19.0 (10.6, 39.8) mmHg (P<0.001). The incidence of new-onset atrial fibrillation was similar between the mildly and severely symptomatic groups (10.2% vs. 13.3%, P=0.565). Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that age was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in OHCM patients post ASA (HR=1.068, 95%CI 1.002-1.139, P=0.042). Conclusions: Among patients with OHCM treated with ASA, overall survival and survival free from HCM-related death were similar between mildly symptomatic group and severely symptomatic group. ASA therapy can effectively relieve resting LVOTG and improve clinical symptoms in mildly or severely symptomatic patients with OHCM. Age was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in OHCM patients post ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - P J Li
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X P Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X L Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C C Tu
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - M D Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - T Y Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X T Song
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Q He
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
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Liu DD, He JQ, Sinha R, Eastman AE, Toland AM, Morri M, Neff NF, Vogel H, Uchida N, Weissman IL. Purification and characterization of human neural stem and progenitor cells. Cell 2023; 186:1179-1194.e15. [PMID: 36931245 PMCID: PMC10409303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The human brain undergoes rapid development at mid-gestation from a pool of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) that give rise to the neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes of the mature brain. Functional study of these cell types has been hampered by a lack of precise purification methods. We describe a method for prospectively isolating ten distinct NSPC types from the developing human brain using cell-surface markers. CD24-THY1-/lo cells were enriched for radial glia, which robustly engrafted and differentiated into all three neural lineages in the mouse brain. THY1hi cells marked unipotent oligodendrocyte precursors committed to an oligodendroglial fate, and CD24+THY1-/lo cells marked committed excitatory and inhibitory neuronal lineages. Notably, we identify and functionally characterize a transcriptomically distinct THY1hiEGFRhiPDGFRA- bipotent glial progenitor cell (GPC), which is lineage-restricted to astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, but not to neurons. Our study provides a framework for the functional study of distinct cell types in human neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Dan Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joy Q He
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Anna E Eastman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Angus M Toland
- Department of Pathology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | | | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nobuko Uchida
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Li PJ, Sun JJ, Chen ML, Yu XP, Zhao H, Gao YC, Zhang XL, Jiang TY, He JQ. [Therapeutic effects of alcohol septal ablation in mildly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2022; 50:369-374. [PMID: 35399033 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20220303-00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects of alcohol septal ablation (ASA) in mildly symptomatic patients (NYHA class Ⅱ) with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy(HOCM). Methods: This retrospective study included 150 mildly symptomatic patients with HOCM hospitalized in Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from March 2001 to December 2017, consisting of medical therapy group (n=102) and ASA group (n=48). Baseline clinical data were collected, patients were followed up to a mean of 6.0 (3.5, 8.1) years. Overall and HCM-related mortality events (including chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation related stroke, sudden cardiac death) were observed in the two groups. Moreover, the improvement of NYHA function classification and left ventricular outflow tract gradient (LVOTG) were also evaluated. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Age of this cohort was (52.9±14.5)years, 92 cases(61.3%) were male. In the follow-up, LVOTG was reduced from (85.8±35.4)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) to (27.7±19.8)mmHg (P<0.001) in the ASA group, and from (66.3±35.0)mmHg to (56.5±27.7)mmHg in medical therapy group(P<0.01). At the last clinical follow-up, there were 32 patients (66.7%) whose LVOTG were<30 mmHg, septal thickness decreased from (20.3±3.8)mm to (16.1±3.4)mm (P<0.001), NYHA classification was also remarkably improved (P<0.001). New-onset atrial fibrillation tended to be lower in the ASA group compared to medical therapy group (9.3%(4/43) vs. 20.8%(20/96),P=0.096). Eleven patients (10.8%) in the medical therapy group and 2 patients (4.2%) in the ASA group died during the follow-up. One patient received pacemaker during the peri-procedural period, 1 patient was implanted with two-chamber pacemaker due to Ⅲ° atrioventricular block at 10 years after operation in the ASA group. Survival free of all-cause mortality of ASA group at 5 and 10 years was 97.9% and 97.9%, respectively, which was comparable to the medical therapy group (P=0.231). Survival free of HCM-related mortality was similar between the two groups (P=0.397). Conclusions: Compared with medical therapy in mildly symptomatic patients with HOCM, long-term survival rate is similar after ASA. Meanwhile, ASA can remarkably reduce LVOTG and improve the clinical status of the patients. Therefore, ASA may be used as an alternative therapy for mildly symptomatic HOCM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Li
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J J Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - M L Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X P Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y C Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - X L Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - T Y Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Q He
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
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He JQ, Sussman ES, Steinberg GK. Corrigendum: Revisiting Stem Cell-Based Clinical Trials for Ischemic Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:875925. [PMID: 35360207 PMCID: PMC8961504 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.875925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joy Q. He
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Eric S. Sussman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Gary K. Steinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Gary K. Steinberg
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Beinat C, Patel CB, Haywood T, Murty S, Naya L, Castillo JB, Reyes ST, Phillips M, Buccino P, Shen B, Park JH, Koran MEI, Alam IS, James ML, Holley D, Halbert K, Gandhi H, He JQ, Granucci M, Johnson E, Liu DD, Uchida N, Sinha R, Chu P, Born DE, Warnock GI, Weissman I, Hayden-Gephart M, Khalighi M, Massoud TF, Iagaru A, Davidzon G, Thomas R, Nagpal S, Recht LD, Gambhir SS. A Clinical PET Imaging Tracer ([ 18F]DASA-23) to Monitor Pyruvate Kinase M2-Induced Glycolytic Reprogramming in Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:6467-6478. [PMID: 34475101 PMCID: PMC8639752 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) catalyzes the final step in glycolysis, a key process of cancer metabolism. PKM2 is preferentially expressed by glioblastoma (GBM) cells with minimal expression in healthy brain. We describe the development, validation, and translation of a novel PET tracer to study PKM2 in GBM. We evaluated 1-((2-fluoro-6-[18F]fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine ([18F]DASA-23) in cell culture, mouse models of GBM, healthy human volunteers, and patients with GBM. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN [18F]DASA-23 was synthesized with a molar activity of 100.47 ± 29.58 GBq/μmol and radiochemical purity >95%. We performed initial testing of [18F]DASA-23 in GBM cell culture and human GBM xenografts implanted orthotopically into mice. Next, we produced [18F]DASA-23 under FDA oversight, and evaluated it in healthy volunteers and a pilot cohort of patients with glioma. RESULTS In mouse imaging studies, [18F]DASA-23 clearly delineated the U87 GBM from surrounding healthy brain tissue and had a tumor-to-brain ratio of 3.6 ± 0.5. In human volunteers, [18F]DASA-23 crossed the intact blood-brain barrier and was rapidly cleared. In patients with GBM, [18F]DASA-23 successfully outlined tumors visible on contrast-enhanced MRI. The uptake of [18F]DASA-23 was markedly elevated in GBMs compared with normal brain, and it identified a metabolic nonresponder within 1 week of treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS We developed and translated [18F]DASA-23 as a new tracer that demonstrated the visualization of aberrantly expressed PKM2 for the first time in human subjects. These results warrant further clinical evaluation of [18F]DASA-23 to assess its utility for imaging therapy-induced normalization of aberrant cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Beinat
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Chirag B Patel
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tom Haywood
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Surya Murty
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lewis Naya
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jessa B Castillo
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Samantha T Reyes
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Megan Phillips
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pablo Buccino
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Bin Shen
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jun Hyung Park
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mary Ellen I Koran
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Israt S Alam
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Michelle L James
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dawn Holley
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kim Halbert
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Harsh Gandhi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Joy Q He
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Monica Granucci
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Eli Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Daniel Dan Liu
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Nobuko Uchida
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pauline Chu
- Stanford Human Research Histology Core, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Donald E Born
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Irving Weissman
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Melanie Hayden-Gephart
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Mehdi Khalighi
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Tarik F Massoud
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Division of Neuroimaging and Neurointervention, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Andrei Iagaru
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Guido Davidzon
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Reena Thomas
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Seema Nagpal
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Lawrence D Recht
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | - Sanjiv Sam Gambhir
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Departments of Bioengineering and Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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He JQ, Chen JT, Li JH, Chen WZ, Liang XY, Huang HY, Wei HG, Huang WY, Wang JL, Lin M, Yang PK, Chen XY, Liu XZ. [Drug-resistant gene polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum isolated from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea in 2018 and 2019]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2021; 33:396-400. [PMID: 34505447 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance protein 1 (PfMDR1), chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT) and Kelch 13 (PfK13) genes in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, so as to provide insights into the development of the malaria control strategy in local areas. METHODS A total of 85 peripheral blood samples were collected from patients with Plasmodium falciparum infections in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea in 2018 and 2019, and genomic DNA was extracted. The PfMDR1, PfCRT and PfK13 genes were amplified using a nested PCR assay. The amplification products were sequenced, and the gene sequences were aligned. RESULTS There were no mutations associated with artemisinin resistance in PfK13 gene in Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, while drug-resistant mutations were detected in PfMDR1 and PfCRT genes, and the proportions of PfMDR1_N86Y, PfMDR1_Y184F and PfCRT_K76T mutations were 35.29% (30/85), 72.94% (62/85) and 24.71% (21/85), respectively. CONCLUSIONS There are mutations in PfMDR1, PfCRT and PfK13 genes in P. falciparum isolates from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Humen Hospital of Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, Dongguan 523000, China
- The Chinese Medical Aid Team to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Guangdong Province, China
| | - J T Chen
- The Chinese Medical Aid Team to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huizhou Central Hospital, Guangdong Province, China
| | - J H Li
- The Chinese Medical Aid Team to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shijie Hospital, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - W Z Chen
- Chaozhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University, China
| | - X Y Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huizhou Central Hospital, Guangdong Province, China
- Chaozhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University, China
| | - H Y Huang
- Chaozhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University, China
| | - H G Wei
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, China
| | - W Y Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, China
| | - J L Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, China
| | - M Lin
- Chaozhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, China
| | - P K Yang
- Chaozhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University, China
| | - X Y Chen
- Chaozhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University, China
| | - X Z Liu
- Chaozhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University, China
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8
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He JQ, Su YF, Wang XZ, Sun HM, Qin H. [Benign rhabdomyoma originated from posterior laryngeal commissure: a case report]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 56:507-509. [PMID: 34011008 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20200812-00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Q He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Y F Su
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - X Z Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - H M Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Huamin Qin
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
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9
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Yu XP, Zeng Y, Li Y, Wu CY, He JQ, Luo YW. [Long-term outcomes and risk factors of ostial/shaft lesions in unprotected left main coronary artery after percutaneous coronary intervention]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:782-785. [PMID: 33765718 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20201025-02921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) for ostial/shaft lesions in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA). Method: A total of 271 patients with isolated ostial/midshaft lesions in unprotected left main coronary artery who received drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation between January 2003 and July 2009 in Beijing An Zhen Hospital were consecutively enrolled . The endpoints of the study were all-cause death, repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Cox regression was carried out to analyze the all-cause mortality. Meanwhile, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent risk factors of all-cause death. Results: The mean age of the patients was (62±10) years, and 201 of them (74.2%) were male. The median follow-up was 12.5 years (interquartile range: 10.1-14.5 years). During the follow-up, 46 patients (17.0%) died, of whom 20 (7.4%) died of a cardiovascular cause. A total of 38 (14.0%) cases suffered a MI, and 15 (5.5%) cases suffered a stroke. Repeat revascularization was performed in 63 (23.2%) cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (HR=1.041, 95%CI: 1.003-1.081, P=0.033), creatinine (HR=1.028, 95%CI:1.014-1.042, P<0.001) and diabetes mellitus (HR=1.924,95%CI: 1.053-3.514, P=0.033) were independent risk factors of all-cause death, whereas left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (HR=0.972, 95%CI:0.953-0.992, P=0.007) was a protective factor. Conclusions: During a median follow-up of 12.5 years, the prognosis of PCI for left main ostium/shaft lesion was good. Age, creatinine and diabetes mellitus are independent risk factors of all-cause death.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C Y Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Q He
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y W Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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10
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Minhas PS, Latif-Hernandez A, McReynolds MR, Durairaj AS, Wang Q, Rubin A, Joshi AU, He JQ, Gauba E, Liu L, Wang C, Linde M, Sugiura Y, Moon PK, Majeti R, Suematsu M, Mochly-Rosen D, Weissman IL, Longo FM, Rabinowitz JD, Andreasson KI. Restoring metabolism of myeloid cells reverses cognitive decline in ageing. Nature 2021; 590:122-128. [PMID: 33473210 PMCID: PMC8274816 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by the development of persistent pro-inflammatory responses that contribute to atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, cancer and frailty1-3. The ageing brain is also vulnerable to inflammation, as demonstrated by the high prevalence of age-associated cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease4-6. Systemically, circulating pro-inflammatory factors can promote cognitive decline7,8, and in the brain, microglia lose the ability to clear misfolded proteins that are associated with neurodegeneration9,10. However, the underlying mechanisms that initiate and sustain maladaptive inflammation with ageing are not well defined. Here we show that in ageing mice myeloid cell bioenergetics are suppressed in response to increased signalling by the lipid messenger prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a major modulator of inflammation11. In ageing macrophages and microglia, PGE2 signalling through its EP2 receptor promotes the sequestration of glucose into glycogen, reducing glucose flux and mitochondrial respiration. This energy-deficient state, which drives maladaptive pro-inflammatory responses, is further augmented by a dependence of aged myeloid cells on glucose as a principal fuel source. In aged mice, inhibition of myeloid EP2 signalling rejuvenates cellular bioenergetics, systemic and brain inflammatory states, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spatial memory. Moreover, blockade of peripheral myeloid EP2 signalling is sufficient to restore cognition in aged mice. Our study suggests that cognitive ageing is not a static or irrevocable condition but can be reversed by reprogramming myeloid glucose metabolism to restore youthful immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras S. Minhas
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amira Latif-Hernandez
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Amira Latif-Hernandez, Melanie R. McReynolds
| | - Melanie R. McReynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Amira Latif-Hernandez, Melanie R. McReynolds
| | - Aarooran S. Durairaj
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Rubin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amit U. Joshi
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joy Q. He
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Esha Gauba
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Congcong Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Miles Linde
- Department of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter K. Moon
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ravi Majeti
- Department of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Irving L. Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Frank M. Longo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joshua D. Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.,Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Katrin I. Andreasson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Stanford Immunology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to K.I.A.
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11
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Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of serious long-term disability, significantly reducing mobility in almost half of the affected patients aged 65 years and older. There are currently no proven neurorestorative treatments for chronic stroke. To address the complex problem of restoring function in ischemic brain tissue, stem cell transplantation-based therapies have emerged as potential restorative therapies. Aligning with the major cell types found within the ischemic brain, stem-cell-based clinical trials for ischemic stroke have fallen under three broad cell lineages: hematopoietic, mesenchymal, and neural. In this review article, we will discuss the scientific rationale for transplanting cells from each of these lineages and provide an overview of published and ongoing trials using this framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Q He
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Eric S Sussman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Gary K Steinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.,Stanford Stroke Center, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA, United States
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12
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Xie L, Feng JH, Li R, He JQ. First-Principles Study of Anharmonic Lattice Dynamics in Low Thermal Conductivity AgCrSe_{2}: Evidence for a Large Resonant Four-Phonon Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:245901. [PMID: 33412052 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.245901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a study of the anharmonic lattice dynamics in low lattice thermal conductivity (κ_{l}) material AgCrSe_{2} by many-body perturbation theory. We demonstrate surprisingly giant four-phonon scattering exclusive for the heat-carrying transverse acoustic phonons due to large quartic anharmonicity and nondispersive phonon band structure, which lead to four-phonon Fermi resonance and breaks the classical τ^{-1}∼ω^{m}T^{n} relation for phonon-phonon interactions. This strong resonant scattering extends over the Brillouin zone and substantially suppresses the thermal transport, even down to a low temperature of 100 K. The present results provide fundamental insights into the four-phonon resonant dynamics in the low-κ_{l} system with flat phonon dispersions, i.e., cuprous halides and skutterudites.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xie
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - J H Feng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - R Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - J Q He
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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13
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Pan Y, Qiu Q, Mu Y, Wu Z, Yu XP, He JQ. [Long-term prognosis of drug eluting stents implantation in elderly patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:1720-1724. [PMID: 32536093 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20191030-02355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of implantation of drug-eluting stents (DES) for elderly patients with unprotected left main artery (ULM) disease. Methods: A total of 414 patients (327 males and 87 females) who underwent DES implantation were enrolled in the Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2005 to March 2010, with a mean age of (61.5±10.7) years old. The patients were divided into two groups according to age: 300 cases in the group of age <70 years old, and 114 cases in the group of age ≥70 years old. The clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of two groups were compared. Results: In the group of age ≥ 70 years old, the proportion of female was higher (31.6% vs 17.0%, P=0.001) and the incidence of chronic total occlusion (CTO) (P=0.020), hypertension (P=0.018) and cerebrovascular disease (P=0.013) were higher than those in the group of <70 years old. All-cause mortality and cardiac mortality were also higher than those in the group of <70 years old (P=0.025, P=0.013). The follow-up period was (21.4±9.6) months. After adjusting for multiple clinical factors, there were no statistical differences of incidence of the total major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCE), myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular events, and revascularization recurrence between the two groups. But all-cause mortality (HR=3.790, 95%CI: 1.271-11.298, P=0.017) and cardiac mortality (HR=17.424, 95%CI: 2.440-124.410, P=0.004) in the group of age ≥70 years old were still remarkably higher than those in the group of <70 years old. Conclusions: Age is an independent risk factor for increased mortality after DES stent implantation in ULM disease. DES stent implantation in age ≥70 years old patients with ULM disease is considered feasible, but it needs to be treated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pan
- Third Ward, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Q Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Z Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongliao City Hospital, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - X P Yu
- Third Ward, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Q He
- Third Ward, Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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14
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Yu XP, Jin ZN, Li Y, Wu CY, He JQ, Luo YW, Sun LZ, Dong R. [Long-term outcome comparison of ostial/shaft lesions in unprotected left main coronary artery treated by PCI or CABG]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2020; 48:484-488. [PMID: 32842258 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20191226-00769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate long-term clinical outcomes of consecutive patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) with drug-eluting stents(DES) for ostial/shaft lesions in unprotected left main coronary artery(ULMCA). Method: A total of 259 patients with isolated ostial/midshaft lesions in unprotected left main coronary artery were enrolled consecutively who received DES implantation or underwent CABG between January 2003 and July 2009 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital. The endpoints of the study were death, repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Time to the primary endpoint was evaluated according to the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was applied to compare the incidence of the endpoint. Adjusted risks for adverse outcomes were compared by multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Results: A total of 259 patients were included, including 149 in PCI group and 110 in CABG group. And 193(74.5%) cases were males.The age was (61.4±9.8) years old. The median follow-up was 10.1 years (interquartile range 8.3 to 11.2 years) in the overall patients. There were no significant difference for the incidence of death [37.0% vs. 43.1% ,P=0.143] , MI [34.0% vs. 19.4% ,P=0.866], stroke [6.4% vs. 11.7% , P=0.732], repeart revascularization [33.6% vs. 39.9% ,P=0.522] between PCI group and CABG group before multivariate adjusting,according to the incidence calculated with Kaplan-Meier. After adjusting covariates such as age, left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and serum creatine with multivariate Cox hazard regression model, there was still no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: PCI with DES is as effective and safe as CABG in patients with left main ostium/shaft lesion during a median follow-up of 10.1 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- X P Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Z N Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - C Y Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - J Q He
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Y W Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - L Z Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - R Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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15
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Xu LW, Vaca SD, He JQ, Nalwanga J, Muhumuza C, Kiryabwire J, Ssenyonjo H, Mukasa J, Muhumuza M, Grant G. Neural tube defects in Uganda: follow-up outcomes from a national referral hospital. Neurosurg Focus 2018; 45:E9. [DOI: 10.3171/2018.7.focus18280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVEChildren with neural tube defects (NTDs) require timely surgical intervention coupled with long-term management by multiple highly trained specialty healthcare teams. In resource-limited settings, outcomes are greatly affected by the lack of coordinated care. The purpose of this study was to characterize outcomes of spina bifida patients treated at Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) through follow-up phone surveys.METHODSAll children presenting to MNRH with NTDs between January 1, 2014, and August 31, 2015, were eligible for this study. For those with a documented telephone number, follow-up phone surveys were conducted with the children’s caregivers to assess mortality, morbidity, follow-up healthcare, and access to medical resources.RESULTSOf the 201 patients, the vast majority (n = 185, 92%) were diagnosed with myelomeningocele. The median age at presentation was 6 days, the median length of stay was 20 days, and the median time to surgery was 10 days. Half of the patients had documented surgeries, with 5% receiving multiple procedures (n = 102, 51%): 80 defect closures (40%), 32 ventriculoperitoneal shunts (15%), and 1 endoscopic third ventriculostomy (0.5%). Phone surveys were completed for 53 patients with a median time to follow-up of 1.5 years. There were no statistically significant differences in demographics between the surveyed and nonrespondent groups. The 1-year mortality rate was 34% (n = 18). At the time of survey, 91% of the survivors (n = 30) have received healthcare since their initial discharge from MNRH, with 67% (n = 22) returning to MNRH. Hydrocephalus was diagnosed in 29 patients (88%). Caregivers reported physical deficits in 39% of patients (n = 13), clubfoot in 18% (n = 6), and bowel or bladder incontinence in 12% (n = 4). The surgical complication rate was 2.5%. Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended pediatric revision scores were correlated with upper good recovery in 58% (n = 19) of patients, lower good recovery in 30% (n = 10), and moderate disability in 12% of patients (n = 4). Only 5 patients (15%) reported access to home health resources postdischarge.CONCLUSIONSThis study is the first to characterize the outcomes of children with NTDs that were treated at Uganda’s national referral hospital. There is a great need for improved access to and coordination of care in antenatal, perioperative, and long-term settings to improve morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda W. Xu
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University
- 2Stanford Center for Global Health Innovation, Palo Alto, California
| | - Silvia D. Vaca
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University
- 2Stanford Center for Global Health Innovation, Palo Alto, California
| | - Joy Q. He
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University
- 2Stanford Center for Global Health Innovation, Palo Alto, California
| | - Juliet Nalwanga
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala; and
| | | | - Joel Kiryabwire
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala; and
| | - Hussein Ssenyonjo
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala; and
| | - John Mukasa
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala; and
| | - Michael Muhumuza
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala; and
| | - Gerald Grant
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University
- 2Stanford Center for Global Health Innovation, Palo Alto, California
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16
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Li B, Wang H, Kawakita Y, Zhang Q, Feygenson M, Yu HL, Wu D, Ohara K, Kikuchi T, Shibata K, Yamada T, Ning XK, Chen Y, He JQ, Vaknin D, Wu RQ, Nakajima K, Kanatzidis MG. Liquid-like thermal conduction in intercalated layered crystalline solids. Nat Mater 2018; 17:226-230. [PMID: 29335610 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-017-0004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
As a generic property, all substances transfer heat through microscopic collisions of constituent particles 1 . A solid conducts heat through both transverse and longitudinal acoustic phonons, but a liquid employs only longitudinal vibrations2,3. As a result, a solid is usually thermally more conductive than a liquid. In canonical viewpoints, such a difference also serves as the dynamic signature distinguishing a solid from a liquid. Here, we report liquid-like thermal conduction observed in the crystalline AgCrSe2. The transverse acoustic phonons are completely suppressed by the ultrafast dynamic disorder while the longitudinal acoustic phonons are strongly scattered but survive, and are thus responsible for the intrinsically ultralow thermal conductivity. This scenario is applicable to a wide variety of layered compounds with heavy intercalants in the van der Waals gaps, manifesting a broad implication on suppressing thermal conduction. These microscopic insights might reshape the fundamental understanding on thermal transport properties of matter and open up a general opportunity to optimize performances of thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Li
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - H Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
| | - Y Kawakita
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Q Zhang
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - M Feygenson
- Jülich Center for Neutron Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - H L Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - D Wu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China
| | - K Ohara
- SPring-8, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - T Kikuchi
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - K Shibata
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - T Yamada
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - X K Ning
- Hebei Key Lab of Optic-electronic Information and Materials, The College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - J Q He
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, China.
| | - D Vaknin
- Ames Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - R Q Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - K Nakajima
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - M G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
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17
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Li MM, Li Q, Ren XJ, Yu XP, He JQ, Gao YC, Wu CY, Luo YW, Zhang YC, Chen F, Zhang XL. [Predictive value of serial platelet function testing on outcome in patients undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2017; 45:770-776. [PMID: 29036975 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the predictive value of serial platelet function testing (PFT) on outcome in patients undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Six hundred and two consecutive patients undergoing complex PCI in Anzhen hospital were enrolled during October 2011 to June 2012.Adenosine diphosphate(ADP)-induced platelet aggregation was measured by light transmission aggregometry on the first, sixth and twelfth month after PCI and the mean value was calculated.The cut-off value of high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) was defined as 40%.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral event (MACCE). Clinical outcomes were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and differences were compared using the log-rank test.Multivariate analyses by Cox proportion hazards regression were applied to identify variables independently associated with the adverse outcomes. Results: Five hundred and eighty-five patients (HTPR, n=285; non-HTPR, n=280) finished the follow-up ((28.47±7.45) months). A total of 33 cases of MACCE were observed during the follow-up, among which 29 cases(8.42%) were in HTPR group and 9 cases (3.21%) in the non-HTPR group.Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that HTPR was associated with an increased incidence of MACCE (log-rank test, P=0.01). The Cox multivariate analysis indicated that HTPR was an independent risk factor of MACCE (HR=2.69, 95%CI 1.23-5.85, P=0.01) in patients undergoing complex PCI.Incidence of MACCE was similar between HTRP patients receiving standard dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) or prolonged DAPT (>12 months). Conclusion: Serial PFT could predict the long-term prognosis of patients underwent complex PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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18
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Liu Q, Li W, Li N, Xiao QM, He JQ, Wang WZ, Qi HN, Wang P. [Value of early-stage cerebral oxygen utilization coefficient in predicting delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2017; 35:348-350. [PMID: 28780790 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the dynamic change in cerebral oxygen utilization coefficient (O(2)UCc) in the early stage of acute severe carbon monoxide poisoning (ASCMP) and its value in predicting delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) . Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted for patients with ASCMP who were admitted to our hospital from November 2013 to March 2016, and their baseline features and physiological parameters were recorded. Observation ended at two months after acute poisoning; according to the presence or absence of DEACMP, the patients were divided into DEACMP group with 21 patients and non-DEACMP group with 64 patients. The change in O(2)UCc was monitored on admission and at 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Spearman correlation was used to investigate the correlation between O(2)UCc and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the accuracy of O(2)UCc in predicting DEACMP. Results: Both groups had a significant increase in O(2)UCc on admission, and the DEACMP group had a significantly greater increase than the non-DEACMP group (52.57%±9.30% vs 41.46±%6.37%, P<0.05) . Then both groups tended to have a reduction in O(2)UCc, and the DEACMP group had a significantly higher O(2)UCc than the non-DEACMP group at 6, 24, and 48 hours (47.40%±7.92%, 39.38%±8.01%, and 32.29%±6.31% vs 34.51%±7.89%, 28.79%±5.4%, and 27.72%±5.46%, P<0.05) . On admission and at 6, 24, and 48 hours, O2UCc was positively correlated with APACHE II score (r=0.304, 0.398, 0.426, and 0.300, P=0.005, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.005) . The ROC curve showed that O(2)UCc had a value in predicting DEACMP on admission and at 6, 24, and 48 hours, and 6-hour O2UCc had the highest predictive value with an area under the ROC curve of 0.870 (95% confidence interval 0.794-0.947, P<0.05) . Conclusion: The dynamic change in O(2)UCc has a reference value in early identification of DEACMP, and O(2)UCc can be used as an important reference index for predicting DEACMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Liu
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui 053000, China
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Li SJ, Yan SY, Zhou Y, Han KLEE, Guo WL, Xia Q, Vibhuti SP, Wang JZ, Ji SW, Yang SHAH, Yang SN, Shan C, Liu CY, Yi ZZ, Liu RB, Lin L, Wang B, He JQ, Li ZL, Pan Y, Guo L, Chen MX, Liu XN, Zhou Y, Li L, Xiong CQ, Qi Q, Hei XY, Cao J, Jiang YJ, Zhang MY, Shoo Y. [Ventilator-associated pneumonia among premature infants <34 weeks' gestational age in neonatal intensive care unit in China: a multicenter study]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:182-187. [PMID: 28273700 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the incidence and pathogen distribution of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among preterm infants admitted to level Ⅲ neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in China. Method: A prospective study was conducted in 25 level Ⅲ NICU, enrolling all preterm infants <34 weeks gestational age admitted to the participating NICU within the first 7 days of life from May 2015 to April 2016. Chi-square test, t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Result: A total of 7 918 patients were enrolled, within whom 4 623(58.4%) were males. The birth weight was (1 639±415) g and the gestational age was (31.4±2.0) weeks; 4 654(58.8%) infants required non-invasive mechanical ventilation and 2 154(27.2%) required intubation. Of all the mechanically ventilated patients, VAP occurred in 95 patients. The overall VAP rate was 7.0 episodes per 1 000 ventilator days, varying from 0 to 34.4 episodes per 1 000 ventilator days in different centers. The incidence of VAP was 9.6 and 6.0 per 1 000 ventilator days in children's hospitals and maternity-infant hospitals respectively, without significant differences (t=1.002, P=0.327). Gram-negative bacilli (76 strains, 91.6%) were the primary VAP microorganisms, mainly Acinetobacter baumannii (24 strains, 28.9%), Klebsiella pneumonia (23 strains, 27.7%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10 strains, 12.0%). Conclusion: The incidence of VAP in China is similar to that in developed counties, with substantial variability in different NICU settings. More efforts are needed to monitor and evaluate the preventable factors associated with VAP and conduct interventions that could effectively reduce the occurrence of VAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Li
- *Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
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20
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Yang BG, Yu XP, Chen F, Lyu SZ, Li Q, He JQ, Yuan F. [Comparison on the long-term outcomes post percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting for bifurcation lesions in unprotected left main coronary artery]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2017; 45:19-25. [PMID: 28100341 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the long-term clinical outcomes of consecutive patients treated with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) for bifurcation lesions in unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA). Methods: A total of 663 consecutively patients with unprotected left main bifurcation disease (defined as stenosis≥50%) who received either drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation (n=316) or underwent CABG (n=347) between January 2003 and July 2009 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled retrospectively in this study.The endpoints of the study were death, repeat revascularization, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, the composite of cardiac death, MI or stroke and MACCE (major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, the composite of cardiac death, MI, stroke or repeat revascularization). To reduce the bias between two compared groups , our study applid propensity score matching by logistic regression.Cumulative survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method.Multiple regression analyses, hazard ratio(HR) and 95%CI were tested by Cox proportional hazard models with the CABG group as the reference category. Results: The median follow-up was 7.2 years (interquartile range 5.1 to 8.3 years) in the overall patients.Unadjusted analysis showed that MACCE rate (PCI 44.5% vs. CABG 45.7%, P=0.036), the rate of repeat revascularization (PCI 33.7% vs. CABG 19.5%, P<0.001), the composite rate of serious outcomes (cardiac death, MI or stroke) (PCI 20.4% vs. CABG 34.3%, P=0.032), stroke rate (PCI 3.7% vs. CABG 23.5%, P<0.001) were significantly different for patients undergoing PCI or CABG. Death rate (PCI 13.0% vs. CABG 18.9%, P=0.12) and MI rate (PCI 11.3% vs. CABG 6.1%, P=0.108) were similar between PCI and CABG group.After adjusting covariates with multivariate Cox hazard regression model, there was no significant difference in rates of death (P=0.286), MI(P=0.165) and the composite rate of serious outcomes (cardiac death, MI or stroke) (P=0.305) between the two groups. Patients in PCI group suffered significant higher rates of MACCE(P=0.011), mainly driven by the significant higher rates of repeat revascularization(HR=2.46, 95%CI 1.662-3.642, P<0.001). However, stroke rate was still significantly higher in CABG group than in PCI group(P=0.001)after multivariate adjusting. After propensity score matching (PSM), there was no more significant difference for all covariates in the matched cohorts (202 pairs). Further PSM analysis showed that overall findings were consistent with multivariate Cox hazard regression model except for MI (PCI 12.7% vs. CABG 3.8%, P=0.039). Conclusions: During a follow-up up to 8.3 years, the survival rate is similar between the PCI and the CABG group in patients with unprotected left main bifurcation disease.The rate of repeat revascularization is significantly higher whereas stroke rate is significantly lower in the PCI group compared to CABG group.After propensity score matching, PCI group not only had a significant higher rate of repeat revascularization, but also had significantly higher risk of MI in the matched cohorts; while they did not seem to translate into any disparity of mortality in ULMCA bifurcation disease patients.Accordingly, PCI for ULMCA disease can be used as a reasonable treatment option alternative to CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
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Zhao H, He JQ, Jiang B, Gao YC, Li Q, Wu CY, Jiang TY. [Efficacy comparison between conservative therapy and septal ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44:1015-1019. [PMID: 28056231 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of septal ablation (SA) versus conservative medication (CM) on the hemodynamic, clinical status and survival in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Methods: This retrospective study included 350 consecutive patients with HOCM (mean age (51.3±13.5) years old) hospitalized in Anzhen Hospital between September 2002 to September 2014. The patients were followed up to 14 years and the follow up rate was 99.4% (348/350). Overall and cardiac-related mortalities were compared between SA group (n=184) and CM group (n=184). Moreover, SA related cardiac function and hemodynamics improvement were also evaluated, predictors for clinical events were evaluated by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the total mortality between the two groups. The log-rank test was used to compare the survival curve differences between the two groups. Results: The median follow-up period was 4 years (1-14 years). The annual mortalities of SA and CM were 2.4% and 0.6% respectively (P<0.001) and cumulative sudden cardiac death (SCD)rates were 3.61% (6/166) and 0.54% (1/184) respectively (P=0.031). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the age was the most important independent predictor for overall mortality(HR=1.259, 95%CI 1.101-1.438, P=0.001). In addition, left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient was significantly reduced post SA (peak velocity of LVOT: baseline (4.23±1.05) m/s, post SA: (1.83±0.79) m/s, P<0. 01) and heart function was also significantly improved post SA (NYHA at baseline: 2.97±0.29, post SA: 1.74±0.53, P<0.001). Conclusion: SA could significantly improve the hemodynamics and clinical status in drug-resistant patients with HOCM. In comparison to patients received CM, overall survival rate was significantly higher in SA group without extra risk of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- *Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
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Ji GY, Wang Y, Wu SQ, Liu QQ, Wu JC, Zhang MM, Sandford AJ, He JQ. Association between TXNRD1 polymorphisms and anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity in a prospective study. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8296. [PMID: 27706680 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH) is a serious adverse reaction to anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), encoded by the TXNRD1 gene, is an important enzyme involved in oxidant challenge. TXNRD1 plays a key role in regulating cell growth and transformation, and protects cells against oxidative damage. We investigated the association between TXNRD1 polymorphisms and ATDH susceptibility. In this prospective study, 280 newly diagnosed TB patients were followed-up for 3 months after beginning anti-TB therapy. Tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (tag-SNPs) of TXNRD1 were selected using Haploview 4.2 based on the HapMap database of the Chinese Han in Beijing (CHB) panel. Genotyping was performed using the MassARRAY platform. Of the 280 patients enrolled in this study, 33 were lost to follow-up, 24 had ATDH, and 223 were free from ATDH. After adjusting for sex, age, smoking status, and body mass index, there were no significant differences in the allele and genotype frequency distributions of TXNRD1 SNPs between the ATDH and non-ATDH groups (all P > 0.05). The haplotype analysis showed that haplotype TCAGCC was associated with an increased risk of ATDH susceptibility [P = 0.024, OR (95%CI) = 6.273 (1.023-38.485)]. Further stratified analyses showed that the haplotype TCAGCC was associated with ATDH susceptibility in female subjects [P = 0.036, OR (95%CI) = 5.711 (0.917-35.560)] and non-smokers [P = 0.029, OR (95%CI) = 6.008 (0.971-37.158)]. Our results suggest that TXNRD1 variants may favor ATDH susceptibility in females and non-smokers. Further studies are required to verify this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Y Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - S Q Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Q Q Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J C Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - M M Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - A J Sandford
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - J Q He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Gao X, Zhu BY, Wang WZ, He JQ, Han DL, Liu YJ, Meng H, Xiao QM, Liu XT, Han YY. [Clinical value of serum presepsin (SCD14-ST) concentration measurement in patients with pesticide poisoning]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2016; 34:333-6. [PMID: 27514411 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of serum presepsin concentration measurement in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with pesticide poisoning patients. METHODS A total of 160 patients with pesticide poisoning were enrolled as study subjects and divided into moderate organophosphate pesticide poisoning group (40 patients) , severe organophosphate pesticide poisoning group (40 patients) , abamectin pesticide poisoning group (40 patients) , and paraquat poisoning group (40 patients). A total of 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled as the control group. All the patients with poisoning received conventional treatment of pesticide poisoning immediately after admission, and serum presepsin concentration was measured on days 1 (within 24 hours after poisoning) , 3, and 7 of admission, and biochemical and radiological parameters related to the patient's condition were also examined. The patients with a Presepsin concentration of >800 pg/ml on day 1 of admission were randomly divided into conventional treatment group and ulinastatin treatment group, and the treatment outcome was compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the healthy control group, the groups with pesticide poisoning showed significant increases in serum Presepsin concentrations, with the highest degree of increase on day 1 (P <0.05). The serum Presepsin concentration was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, creatine kinase MB, lactate dehydrogenase, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, interleukin-18, and white blood cell count, but negatively correlated with cholinesterase. In the conventional treatment group and ulinastatin treatment group, the overall response rate was 68% and 78.8%, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). In 40 patients with paraquat poisoning, 32 experienced an increase in serum presepsin concentration, and among these 32 patients, 27 (83%) experienced exudation on lung CT. CONCLUSION Serum Presepsin concentration measurement can assist early diagnosis, evaluation of disease severity, and guidance for clinical medication in patients with pesticide poisoning, especially in those with severe pesticide poisoning and a tendency to multiple organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gao
- Harrison International Peace Hospital, Department of Emergency, Hebei Province Hengshui 053000, China
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Li Q, Yu XP, He JQ, Gao YC, Pan Y, Zhao H, Li Y, Chen F. [Relationship between the mean platelet aggregation degree and the prognosis of patients underwent long-term dual antiplatelet therapy following drug eluting stent implantation]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44:133-7. [PMID: 26926506 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between the mean platelet aggregation degree and the prognosis of patients underwent long-term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT more than 12 months) following drug eluting stent (DES) implantation. METHODS A total of 752 patients were retrospectively analyzed who were received DES between September 2006 and June 2009. Adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation (ADP) was monitored during the course of treatment with DAPT, and the mean platelet aggregation degree of each participant was calculated. Based on the mean platelet aggregation degree, patients were divided into the low ADP degree group (374 cases) and the high ADP degree group (378 cases). The median follow-up period was 32.2(25.1, 34.8) months. The comparison of the composite endpoints (all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, repeat revascularization and stroke) was performed between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the high ADP degree group, there were more male, younger and smoker patients in the low ADP degree group (all P<0.05). COX regression analysis showed that the low ADP degree group was associated with a decreased incidence of primary endpoints (HR=0.463, 95%CI 0.23-0.92, P=0.028). After adjustment with multivariable COX regression analysis, the relationship was proven to be independent of other risk factors (HR=0.495, 95%CI 0.25-0.99, P=0.046). The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated the incidence of the composite endpoints was significantly higher in high ADP degree group compared to that of low ADP degree group (log-rank χ(2)=5.042, P=0.025). CONCLUSION The mean adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation degree is associated with the prognosis of patients underwent long term DAPT after DES implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- Division of Caridiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing Institution of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
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Chen YM, Lin P, He JQ, He Y, Li XL. Combination of the Manifold Dimensionality Reduction Methods with Least Squares Support vector machines for Classifying the Species of Sorghum Seeds. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19917. [PMID: 26817580 PMCID: PMC4730150 DOI: 10.1038/srep19917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out for rapid and noninvasive determination of the class of sorghum species by using the manifold dimensionality reduction (MDR) method and the nonlinear regression method of least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) combing with the mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) techniques. The methods of Durbin and Run test of augmented partial residual plot (APaRP) were performed to diagnose the nonlinearity of the raw spectral data. The nonlinear MDR methods of isometric feature mapping (ISOMAP), local linear embedding, laplacian eigenmaps and local tangent space alignment, as well as the linear MDR methods of principle component analysis and metric multidimensional scaling were employed to extract the feature variables. The extracted characteristic variables were utilized as the input of LS-SVM and established the relationship between the spectra and the target attributes. The mean average precision (MAP) scores and prediction accuracy were respectively used to evaluate the performance of models. The prediction results showed that the ISOMAP-LS-SVM model obtained the best classification performance, where the MAP scores and prediction accuracy were 0.947 and 92.86%, respectively. It can be concluded that the ISOMAP-LS-SVM model combined with the MIRS technique has the potential of classifying the species of sorghum in a reasonable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Chen
- College of Electrical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No.1 Middle Road Hope Avenue, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224051, P.R. China
| | - P Lin
- College of Electrical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No.1 Middle Road Hope Avenue, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224051, P.R. China
| | - J Q He
- College of Electrical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, No.1 Middle Road Hope Avenue, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224051, P.R. China
| | - Y He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - X L Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Wu HJ, Zhao LD, Zheng FS, Wu D, Pei YL, Tong X, Kanatzidis MG, He JQ. Broad temperature plateau for thermoelectric figure of merit ZT>2 in phase-separated PbTe0.7S0.3. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4515. [PMID: 25072798 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoelectrics interconvert heat to electricity and are of great interest in waste heat recovery, solid-state cooling and so on. The efficiency of thermoelectric materials depends directly on the average ZT (dimensionless figure of merit) over a certain temperature range, which historically has been challenging to increase. Here we report that 2.5% K-doped PbTe0.7S0.3 achieves a ZT of >2 for a very wide temperature range from 673 to 923 K and has a record high average ZT of 1.56 (corresponding to a theoretical energy conversion efficiency of ~20.7% at the temperature gradient from 300 to 900 K). The PbTe0.7S0.3 composition shows spinodal decomposition with large PbTe-rich and PbS-rich regions where each region exhibits dissimilar types of nanostructures. Such high average ZT is obtained by synergistically optimized electrical- and thermal-transport properties via carrier concentration tuning, band structure engineering and hierarchical architecturing, and highlights a realistic prospect of wide applications of thermoelectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Wu
- 1] Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China [2]
| | - L-D Zhao
- 1] Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA [2]
| | - F S Zheng
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - D Wu
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Y L Pei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - X Tong
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - M G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - J Q He
- Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Abstract
Asthma is a complex genetic disease with multiple genes involved in the pathogenesis. Some of these genes have been investigated to determine whether they influence an individual's response to asthma medication. We summarise the recent developments in the genetics of asthma as they pertain to the three main treatments available - inhaled glucocorticoids (GCs), (2)-agonists and leukotriene modulators. It has been shown that polymorphisms in the (2)-adrenergic receptor ((2)AR) gene influence responsiveness to (2)-agonists. Polymorphisms in the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) gene and the leukotriene C(4) (LTC4) synthase gene have been associated with response to medications that target the LT pathway. However, no polymorphisms have been identified that influence response to anticholinergics or are involved in steroid resistance. In the future, knowledge of an individual's genotype may help us tailor treatment to make it the most appropriate form for that asthmatic individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q He
- University of British Columbia, McDonald Research Laboratories/iCAPTURE Center, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Abstract
Previous analyses of tso1 mutants revealed a loss of control of directional cellular expansion and coordination of growth of adjacent cells, and defects in karyokinesis and cytokinesis. We isolated TSO1 using a map-based approach, and show that it is a member of a family of at least three genes in Arabidopsis. Consistent with the mutant phenotype, TSO1 transcript was most abundant in flowers, where it accumulated to the highest levels in developing ovules and microspores. The putative TSO1 protein has two cysteine-rich regions that are similar to the CXC domains of a variety of proteins from plants and animals, including a class of kinesins involved in chromosome segregation, and enhancer of zeste-type proteins. Visualization of TSO1-fusion proteins indicated that TSO1 is a nuclear protein. The tso1 mutant phenotypes and the novelty of the TSO1 sequence suggest the existence of previously unknown participants in regulation of directional processes in eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Hauser
- Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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He JQ, Pi Y, Walker JW, Kamp TJ. Endothelin-1 and photoreleased diacylglycerol increase L-type Ca2+ current by activation of protein kinase C in rat ventricular myocytes. J Physiol 2000; 524 Pt 3:807-20. [PMID: 10790160 PMCID: PMC2269902 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.00807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/1999] [Accepted: 01/27/2000] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The amphotericin B-perforated whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to determine the modulation of L-type Ca2+ channels by protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated pathways in adult rat ventricular myocytes. Application of 10 nM endothelin-1 (ET-1) increased peak Ca2+ current (ICa) by 28.2 +/- 2.5 % (n = 13) and slowed current decay. These effects were prevented by the endothelin receptor antagonist PD145065 (10 microM) and by the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine (8 microM). To establish if direct activation of PKC mimicked the ET-1 effect, the active and inactive phorbol esters (phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate and 4alpha-phorbol-12, 13-didecanoate) were tested. Both phorbol esters (100 nM) resulted in a small (approximately 10%) increase in ICa, suggesting PKC-independent effects. Bath application of dioctanoylglycerol (diC8), a diacylglycerol (DAG) analogue which is capable of directly activating PKC, caused a gradual decline in peak ICa (50.4 +/- 6.2 %, n = 5) and increased the rate of current decay. These effects were unaffected by the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine (8 microM). Intracellular photorelease of caged diC8 with 3 or 10 s exposure to UV light produced a concentration-dependent increase in peak ICa (20. 7 +/- 8.5 % (n = 8) for 3 s UV and 60.8 +/- 11.4 % (n = 13) for 10 s UV), which could be inhibited by chelerythrine. Our results demonstrate that both ET-1 and intracellularly photoreleased diC8 increase ICa by a PKC-mediated pathway, which is in direct contrast to the PKC-independent inhibition of ICa produced by bath-applied diC8. We conclude that specific cellular pools of DAG are crucially important in the regulation of ICa by PKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q He
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
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