Assessment of Coriolopsis gallica-treated olive mill wastewater phytotoxicity on tomato plants

Purification of olive mill wastewater through noble metal nanoparticle synthesis: waste safe disposal and nanomaterial impact on healthy hepatic cell mitochondria

The exponential increase of waste derived from different human activities points out the importance of their reuse in order to create materials with specific properties that can be used for different applications. In this work, it was showed how the typical Mediterranean organic liquid waste, namely olive mill wastewater (OMWW), obtained during olive oil production, can be turned into an efficient reactive agent for the production of noble metals gold (Au) and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with very well-defined physico-chemical properties. More than that, it was demonstrated that this synthetic procedure also leads to a drastic decrease of the organic pollution load of the OMWW, making it safer for environmental disposal and plants irrigation. Then, using healthy hepatic cell line mitochondria, the biological effects induced by these green metal NPs surrounded by a polyphenols shell, with the same NPs synthetized through a standard chemical colloidal reduction process, were compared, finding out that the green NPs are much safer.

Biodegradation of C20 carbon clusters from Diesel Fuel by Coriolopsis gallica: optimization, metabolic pathway, phytotoxicity

This study is to test the capacity of the white rot fungus Coriolopsis gallica for the biodegradation of Diesel Fuel hydrocarbons (DHs). Using the experimental face centered central composite design (FCCCD), culture conditions of the Diesel-mended medium were optimized to reach 110.43% of DHs removal rate, and l5267.35 U L-1 of laccase production by C. gallica, simultaneously. The optimal combination of the cultural parameters was: Diesel concentration range of 2.95-3.14%, inoculum size of 3%, incubation time of 15 days, Tween 80 concentration of 0.05%, and the ratio glucose/peptone (G/P) range of 10.15-10.27. Further, the degradation ability of C. gallica for Diesel Fuel was evaluated through mycelial pellets uptake and oxidative action of fungal enzymes in the optimized degrading-medium using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Cyclosiloxanes and C20 PAHs detected as the major compound in Diesel Fuel (46%) was completely bio-transformed to simple metabolites including, essentially benzoic acid ester (71%), alcohols (1.52%) epoxy alkane (1.07%), carboxylic acids (1.24%) and quinones (0.33%). Germination rate and root elongation, as a rapid phytotoxicity test demonstrated that toxicity of Diesel's PAHs is minimized by fungal treatment.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02769-w.