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Orel VB, Kurapov YA, Lytvyn SY, Orel VE, Galkin OY, Dasyukevich OY, Rykhalskyi OY, Diedkov AG, Ostafiichuk VV, Lyalkin SA, Burlaka AP, Virko SV, Skoryk MA, Zagorodnii VV, Stelmakh YA, Didikin GG, Oranska OI, Calcagnile L, Manno DE, Rinaldi R, Nedostup YV. Characterization and antitumor effect of doxorubicin-loaded Fe 3O 4-Au nanocomposite synthesized by electron beam evaporation for magnetic nanotheranostics. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14126-14138. [PMID: 38686287 PMCID: PMC11056945 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01777c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnetic nanocomposites (MNC) are promising theranostic platforms with tunable physicochemical properties allowing for remote drug delivery and multimodal imaging. Here, we developed doxorubicin-loaded Fe3O4-Au MNC (DOX-MNC) using electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) in combination with magneto-mechanochemical synthesis to assess their antitumor effect on Walker-256 carcinosarcoma under the influence of a constant magnetic (CMF) and electromagnetic field (EMF) by comparing tumor growth kinetics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. Transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the formation of spherical magnetite nanoparticles with a discontinuous gold coating that did not significantly affect the ferromagnetic properties of MNC, as measured by vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM). Tumor-bearing animals were divided into the control (no treatment), conventional doxorubicin (DOX), DOX-MNC and DOX-MNC + CMF + EMF groups. DOX-MNC + CMF + EMF resulted in 14% and 16% inhibition of tumor growth kinetics as compared with DOX and DOX-MNC, respectively. MRI visualization showed more substantial tumor necrotic changes after the combined treatment. Quantitative analysis of T2-weighted (T2W) images revealed the lowest value of skewness and a significant increase in tumor intensity in response to DOX-MNC + CMF + EMF as compared with the control (1.4 times), DOX (1.6 times) and DOX-MNC (1.8 times) groups. In addition, the lowest level of nitric oxide determined by ESR was found in DOX-MNC + CMF + EMF tumors, which was close to that of the muscle tissue in the contralateral limb. We propose that the reason for the relationship between the observed changes in MRI and ESR is the hyperfine interaction of nuclear and electron spins in mitochondria, as a source of free radical production. Therefore, these results point to the use of EB-PVD and magneto-mechanochemically synthesized Fe3O4-Au MNC loaded with DOX as a potential candidate for cancer magnetic nanotheranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerii B Orel
- National Cancer Institute Kyiv 03022 Ukraine
- National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Valerii E Orel
- National Cancer Institute Kyiv 03022 Ukraine
- National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
| | - Olexander Yu Galkin
- National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anatoliy P Burlaka
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology Kyiv 03022 Ukraine
| | - Sergii V Virko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology Kyiv 03022 Ukraine
- V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics Kyiv 03028 Ukraine
| | - Mykola A Skoryk
- G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine Kyiv 03142 Ukraine
| | - Viacheslav V Zagorodnii
- National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Kyiv 03056 Ukraine
- G.V. Kurdyumov Institute for Metal Physics of the N.A.S. of Ukraine Kyiv 03142 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Olena I Oranska
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of the N.A.S. of Ukraine Kyiv 03164 Ukraine
| | | | | | | | - Yana V Nedostup
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv 03680 Ukraine
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Gagliardi S, Mitruccio M, Di Corato R, Romano R, Aloisi A, Rinaldi R, Alifano P, Guerra F, Bucci C. Defects of mitochondria-lysosomes communication induce secretion of mitochondria-derived vesicles and drive chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:165. [PMID: 38448982 PMCID: PMC10916030 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control (MQC), generation of mitochondria-derived vesicles (MDVs) is a process to avoid complete failure of mitochondria determining lysosomal degradation of mitochondrial damaged proteins. In this context, RAB7, a late endocytic small GTPase, controls delivery of MDVs to late endosomes for subsequent lysosomal degradation. We previously demonstrated that RAB7 has a pivotal role in response to cisplatin (CDDP) regulating resistance to the drug by extracellular vesicle (EVs) secretion. METHODS Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were used to analyze structure and function of endosomes and lysosomes in CDDP chemosensitive and chemoresistant ovarian cancer cell lines. EVs were purified from chemosensitive and chemoresistant cells by ultracentrifugation or immunoisolation to analyze their mitochondrial DNA and protein content. Treatment with cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and RAB7 modulation were used, respectively, to understand the role of mitochondrial and late endosomal/lysosomal alterations on MDV secretion. Using conditioned media from chemoresistant cells the effect of MDVs on the viability after CDDP treatment was determined. Seahorse assays and immunofluorescence analysis were used to study the biochemical role of MDVs and the uptake and intracellular localization of MDVs, respectively. RESULTS We observed that CDDP-chemoresistant cells are characterized by increased MDV secretion, impairment of late endocytic traffic, RAB7 downregulation, an increase of RAB7 in EVs, compared to chemosensitive cells, and downregulation of the TFEB-mTOR pathway overseeing lysosomal and mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover. We established that MDVs can be secreted rather than delivered to lysosomes and are able to deliver CDDP outside the cells. We showed increased secretion of MDVs by chemoresistant cells ultimately caused by the extrusion of RAB7 in EVs, resulting in a dramatic drop in its intracellular content, as a novel mechanism to regulate RAB7 levels. We demonstrated that MDVs purified from chemoresistant cells induce chemoresistance in RAB7-modulated process, and, after uptake from recipient cells, MDVs localize to mitochondria and slow down mitochondrial activity. CONCLUSIONS Dysfunctional MQC in chemoresistant cells determines a block in lysosomal degradation of MDVs and their consequent secretion, suggesting that MQC is not able to eliminate damaged mitochondria whose components are secreted becoming effectors and potential markers of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinforosa Gagliardi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Marco Mitruccio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Arnesano, 73010, Italy
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aloisi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Scuola Superiore ISUFI, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, University Campus, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Pietro Alifano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Flora Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
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Costa D, De Matteis V, Treso F, Montani G, Martino M, Rinaldi R, Corrado M, Cascione M. Impact of the physical properties of contact lens materials on the discomfort: role of the coefficient of friction. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 233:113630. [PMID: 37956592 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Contact Lens Discomfort (CLD) is the main cause in contact lens (CLs) discontinuation, referred in literature as drop-out phenomenon. Despite such evidence was reported in several clinical studies, a relationship between physico-chemical properties of CLs and CLD is not still totally understood. In this regard, the friction of CLs surfaces seems to be related to discomfort feeling events, probably due to an alteration of the lubricate function of the tear film after the CL placement inside the ocular environment. In the last years, many studies have been finalized to the friction measurements of CLs surface, finding conflicting data due to a lack in standardized protocol. The aim of this review is primarily to show evident relationships between CLs surface properties (i.e. wettability, tear evaporation, tear film quality, etc.) and the coefficient of friction (CoF), resulting therefore the most relevant physical quantity in the CLs characterization. In addition, we reported the most recent studies in CLs tribology, which highlight that the introduction of a standard protocol in CoF measurements is necessary to obtain reproducible results, considering the aim to evaluate in a more precise way the relationship between this material surface property and comfort in CLs users.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Costa
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - V De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy; Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - F Treso
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy; Centro di Ricerca in Contattologia Avanzata, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - G Montani
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy; Centro di Ricerca in Contattologia Avanzata, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - M Martino
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy; Centro di Ricerca in Contattologia Avanzata, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy; Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - M Corrado
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - M Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy; Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy; Centro di Ricerca in Contattologia Avanzata, Via Arnesano, Lecce 73100, Italy.
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Delogu G, Morena D, Tortorella V, Perna F, Arcangeli M, Rinaldi R. First Case of Medically Assisted Suicide in Italy Set New Legal Perspectives. Clin Ter 2024; 175:7-10. [PMID: 38358470 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2024.5026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Abstract The first act of assisted suicide in Italy was recently carried out. This event is an absolute novelty for the country, affected by recent legislative changes aimed only at introducing the right to interrupt health treatments and, therefore, carry out exclusively omissive end-of-life acts. These normative provisions lay their foundations in a cultural context centered on the protection of the right to life and health; however, the cases that have occurred over time, including the famous story of DJ Fabo, have led the Constitutional Court to re-evaluate these dictates, introducing in 2019 the right to resort to assisted suicide procedures within well-defined areas, including incurability of the condition, the serious suffering of the individual and the retained ability to stand trial. The case addressed concerns a quadriplegic subject who was the victim of a road accident. Following consultation with a specialized institution, the subject made the decision to undergo an assisted sui-cide procedure in Italy. Having obtained the authorization from the competent authorities, he started a fundraiser to finance the devices and drugs required and, finally, he died. The opening by Italy towards the assisted suicide procedure represents a great step towards a broad context, as well as a decisive act for the purpose of protecting the right to self-determination of the individual. However, the current legislative framework presents significant criticalities and shortcomings. In first place, the dissonance between the laws in force and the judicial sentences is likely to generate problems of uneven application of the rules in a country dominated by the principle of Civil Law. Furthermore, the need for the applicant to fully self-finance the procedure clearly clashes with the constitutional principle of free access to care. Then emerges the need for a guideline document regarding the completion of the procedure itself, the times, methods and drugs implied, in order to significantly reduce the decision-making process by the ethics committees that still weighs on each individual case. Finally, conside-ring what has been observed on the subject of voluntary termination of pregnancy, it is necessary to ask what will be the general orientation of the doctors called to perform the act and whether they will be given the opportunity to express their refusal. The case analyzed could represent the beginning of a new era for Italian culture, but the large-scale application of assisted suicide procedures requires the introduction of legislative provisions that definitively eliminate the critical issues that have emerged so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Delogu
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - D Morena
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Tortorella
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Perna
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Arcangeli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Tarantino S, Capomolla C, Carlà A, Giotta L, Cascione M, Ingrosso C, Scarpa E, Rizzello L, Caricato AP, Rinaldi R, De Matteis V. Shape-Driven Response of Gold Nanoparticles to X-rays. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2719. [PMID: 37836360 PMCID: PMC10574111 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) involves delivering X-ray beams to the tumor site to trigger DNA damage. In this approach, it is fundamental to preserve healthy cells and to confine the X-ray beam only to the malignant cells. The integration of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the X-ray methodology could be considered a powerful tool to improve the efficacy of RT. Indeed, AuNPs have proven to be excellent allies in contrasting tumor pathology upon RT due to their high photoelectric absorption coefficient and unique physiochemical properties. However, an analysis of their physical and morphological reaction to X-ray exposure is necessary to fully understand the AuNPs' behavior upon irradiation before treating the cells, since there are currently no studies on the evaluation of potential NP morphological changes upon specific irradiations. In this work, we synthesized two differently shaped AuNPs adopting two different techniques to achieve either spherical or star-shaped AuNPs. The spherical AuNPs were obtained with the Turkevich-Frens method, while the star-shaped AuNPs (AuNSs) involved a seed-mediated approach. We then characterized all AuNPs with Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Uv-Vis spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), zeta potential and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The next step involved the treatment of AuNPs with two different doses of X-radiation commonly used in RT, namely 1.8 Gy and 2 Gy, respectively. Following the X-rays' exposure, the AuNPs were further characterized to investigate their possible physicochemical and morphological alterations induced with the X-rays. We found that AuNPs do not undergo any alteration, concluding that they can be safely used in RT treatments. Lastly, the actin rearrangements of THP-1 monocytes treated with AuNPs were also assessed in terms of coherency. This is a key proof to evaluate the possible activation of an immune response, which still represents a big limitation for the clinical translation of NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tarantino
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Caterina Capomolla
- Oncological Center, “Vito Fazzi” Hospital of Lecce, Piazza Filippo Muratore 1, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (C.C.)
| | - Alessandra Carlà
- Oncological Center, “Vito Fazzi” Hospital of Lecce, Piazza Filippo Muratore 1, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (C.C.)
| | - Livia Giotta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Chiara Ingrosso
- CNR-IPCF S.S. Bari, c/o Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Scarpa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (L.R.)
- The National Institute of Molecular Genetics (INGM), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Loris Rizzello
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.S.); (L.R.)
- The National Institute of Molecular Genetics (INGM), 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Caricato
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Section of Lecce, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.T.); (M.C.); (A.P.C.)
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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De Castro F, Stefàno E, Fanizzi FP, Di Corato R, Abdalla P, Luchetti F, Nasoni MG, Rinaldi R, Magnani M, Benedetti M, Antonelli A. Compatibility of Nucleobases Containing Pt(II) Complexes with Red Blood Cells for Possible Drug Delivery Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:6760. [PMID: 37836603 PMCID: PMC10574024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic advantages of some platinum complexes as major anticancer chemotherapeutic agents and of nucleoside analogue-based compounds as essential antiviral/antitumor drugs are widely recognized. Red blood cells (RBCs) offer a potential new strategy for the targeted release of therapeutic agents due to their biocompatibility, which can protect loaded drugs from inactivation in the blood, thus improving biodistribution. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of loading model nucleobase-containing Pt(II) complexes into human RBCs that were highly stabilized by four N-donors and susceptible to further modification for possible antitumor/antiviral applications. Specifically, platinum-based nucleoside derivatives [PtII(dien)(N7-Guo)]2+, [PtII(dien)(N7-dGuo)]2+, and [PtII(dien)(N7-dGTP)] (dien = diethylenetriamine; Guo = guanosine; dGuo = 2'-deoxy-guanosine; dGTP = 5'-(2'-deoxy)-guanosine-triphosphate) were investigated. These Pt(II) complexes were demonstrated to be stable species suitable for incorporation into RBCs. This result opens avenues for the possible incorporation of other metalated nucleobases analogues, with potential antitumor and/or antiviral activity, into RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica De Castro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Erika Stefàno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 73010 Arnesano, Italy;
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Pasant Abdalla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesca Luchetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Gemma Nasoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
- Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi” Department, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (F.D.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (P.A.); (F.L.); (M.G.N.); (M.M.)
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7
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Rinaldi R, Duplat J, Kahwaji C, Wauthia E, Willaye E, Batselé E. Attachment behaviours in adults with intellectual disabilities in assisted living facilities: representations from direct-care staff. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:869-879. [PMID: 37344933 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) indicate that primary care staff are potential attachment figures. Therefore, the ability to interpret and respond to attachment behaviours with sensitivity is crucial for professionals working with adults with IDs. However, little is known regarding representations and understanding of these attachment behaviours among professionals. This study investigated the representations of attachment behaviours among adults with IDs, as observed and interpreted by direct-care staff in assisted living facilities. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 support workers in seven assisted living facilities in the French community of Belgium. A thematic content analysis was performed. RESULTS Professional discourse elicited various forms of attachment behaviours that were sometimes considered challenging. Staff reported difficulties in finding a balance between supporting selective attachment and maintaining 'the right distance' to prevent a negative impact on their work conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study gives insight to how using an attachment-informed framework may provide a new perspective on behaviours of adults with IDs in assisted living facilities, as well as the need to offer professionals the opportunity to reflect upon their practices in relation to this dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rinaldi
- Department of Clinical Orthopedagogy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - J Duplat
- Department of Clinical Orthopedagogy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - C Kahwaji
- Department of Clinical Orthopedagogy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - E Wauthia
- Association for Innovation in Orthopedagogy, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - E Willaye
- Department of Clinical Orthopedagogy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
- Service Universitaire Spécialisé pour personnes avec Autisme (SUSA), Mons, Belgium
| | - E Batselé
- Department of Clinical Orthopedagogy, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
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Damato FM, Ricci P, Rinaldi R. Informed consent and compulsory treatment on individuals with severe eating disorders: a bio-ethical and juridical problem. Clin Ter 2023; 174:365-369. [PMID: 37378508 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2023.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background The problem concerning the activation of the measure of Compulsory Health Treatment (CHT) for subjects suffering from Eating Disorders (ED) represents a legal paradox that places health professionals in the position of frequently doubting the real usefulness of the measure within the hospital context. This issue is mainly related to anorexia nervosa, which puts the subject in a higher life-threatening situation than other EDs. Method and materials To outline the current state of the art, the most recent national and international scientific publications concerning informed consent and CHT in EDs were searched. In addition, Italian rulings in various degrees of judgement were evaluated with the suggestion of a possible resolution of these issues. Results The analysis of the literature showed that although a multitude of psychometric instruments has been created to identify the ability to give informed consent, there are still not all the elements necessary to identify the actual degree of disease awareness of ED subjects. An important factor could be the exploration of the person's interception, which has been seen to be very high in individuals with AN who are known not to experience the sensation of hunger. At present, reviews of the bibliography and judgments have shown that the measurement of CHT remains crucial if it is intended as a life-saving treatment. However, it is evident that in terms of BMI, CHT is not a definitive intervention and therefore the adoption of this practice is necessary with extreme caution taking into account the person's actual ability to consent. Conclusions Future studies will have the task of determining the psychic factors necessary to better understand the state of the person in his or her physical and mental wholeness, giving due weight to these characteristics and orienting knowledge in a practical sense to more profitable direct treatment for individuals with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Damato
- Legal Medicine Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - P Ricci
- Legal Medicine Section, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Associate Professor, Department S.A.I.M.L.A.L., Rome, Italy
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9
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Slavu LM, Antonelli A, Scarpa ES, Abdalla P, Wilhelm C, Silvestri N, Pellegrino T, Scheffler K, Magnani M, Rinaldi R, Di Corato R. Optimization of magnetic nanoparticles for engineering erythrocytes as theranostic agents. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3252-3268. [PMID: 36939172 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00264k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, cell tracking, and hyperthermia has been long exploited regarding their inducible magnetic properties. Nevertheless, SPIONs remain rapidly cleared from the circulation by the reticuloendothelial system (RES) or mononuclear phagocyte system, with uptake dependent on several factors such as the hydrodynamic diameter, electrical charge and surface coating. This rapid clearance of SPION-based theranostic agents from circulation is one of the main challenges hampering the medical applications that differ from RES targeting. This work proposes a strategy to render biocompatible SPIONs through their encapsulation in the red blood cells (RBCs). In this work, the research has been focused on the multi-step optimization of chemical synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), precisely iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and zinc manganese-ferrite nanoparticles (Zn/Mn FNPs), for encapsulation in human and murine RBCs. The encapsulation through the transient opening of RBC membrane pores requires extensive efforts to deliver high-quality nanoparticles in terms of chemical properties, morphology, stability and biocompatibility. After reaching this goal, in vitro experiments were performed with selected nanomaterials to investigate the potential of engineered MNP-RBC constructs in theranostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maria Slavu
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Antonella Antonelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, Urbino 61029, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Salvatore Scarpa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, Urbino 61029, Italy.
| | - Pasant Abdalla
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, Urbino 61029, Italy.
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, UMR 168, CNRS, Institut Curie, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Konrad Scheffler
- Section for Biomedical Imaging, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 22529 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Saffi 2, Urbino 61029, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy. .,Scuola Superiore ISUFI, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, University Campus, Lecce 73100, Italy.,Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy. .,Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Arnesano 73010, Italy
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10
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Tarantino S, Caricato AP, Rinaldi R, Capomolla C, De Matteis V. Cancer Treatment Using Different Shapes of Gold-Based Nanomaterials in Combination with Conventional Physical Techniques. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020500. [PMID: 36839822 PMCID: PMC9968101 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The conventional methods of cancer treatment and diagnosis, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and computed tomography, have developed a great deal. However, the effectiveness of such methods is limited to the possible failure or collateral effects on the patients. In recent years, nanoscale materials have been studied in the field of medical physics to develop increasingly efficient methods to treat diseases. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), thanks to their unique physicochemical and optical properties, were introduced to medicine to promote highly effective treatments. Several studies have confirmed the advantages of AuNPs such as their biocompatibility and the possibility to tune their shapes and sizes or modify their surfaces using different chemical compounds. In this review, the main properties of AuNPs are analyzed, with particular focus on star-shaped AuNPs. In addition, the main methods of tumor treatment and diagnosis involving AuNPs are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tarantino
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Caricato
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Section of Lecce, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Caterina Capomolla
- “Vito Fazzi” Hospital of Lecce, Oncological Center, Piazza Filippo Muratore 1, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “E. De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence:
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11
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Guaraldi P, Rocchi C, Cani I, Gagliardi C, Longhi S, Baschieri F, Rinaldi R, Frezza E, D'Angelo R, Barletta G, Calandra-Buonaura G, Galiè N, Massa R, Cortelli P. Cardiovascular reflex tests detect autonomic dysfunction in symptomatic and pre-symptomatic subjects with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:15-22. [PMID: 36625973 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-022-00921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Autonomic dysfunction is a distinctive but undervalued feature of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv). It may predate the onset of polyneuropathy and cardiomyopathy, thereby providing crucial prognostic and therapeutic information. The objective of this study was to assess autonomic function by means of the standardized cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CRTs) in a cohort of subjects with genetically proven ATTRv from non-endemic areas who were in the symptomatic and pre-symptomatic stages. METHODS All subjects enrolled in this cross-sectional study had genetically proven ATTRv. They underwent the head-up tilt test, Valsalva manoeuvre, deep breathing test, cold face test and handgrip test while under continuous blood pressure and heart rate monitoring. Based on the results of the nerve conduction study, the subjects were divided into two groups: those with polyneuropathy (ATTRv-wPN) and those without polyneuropathy (ATTRv-woPN). Age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were used for comparison. RESULTS Thirty-seven ATTRv subjects (19 with ATTRv-wPN, 18 with ATTRv-woPN) and 41 HC performed the CRTs. Of these 37 subjects with ATTRv, four (11%) presented neurogenic orthostatic hypotension the during head-up tilt test. Based on the results of the CRTs, autonomic dysfunction characterized by either sympathetic or parasympathetic impairment was detected in 37% and 63% of ATTRv-wPN subjects, respectively. Subjects with ATTRv-woPN presented a significant impairment of autonomic responses to the Valsalva manoeuvre compared to the HC (overshoot p = 0.004; Valsalva ratio p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Autonomic dysfunctions are frequent in subjects with ATTRv when investigated by means of standardized CRTs, and are also relevant in the pre-symptomatic stage. Cardiovagal functions are the primary functions affected, among others. This may be crucial in defining the proper diagnostic workout for early diagnosis and improving the likelihood of providing the patient with prompt administration of disease-modifying treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Guaraldi
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - C Rocchi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - I Cani
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Gagliardi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- UO Cardiologia, IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Longhi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- UO Cardiologia, IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Baschieri
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- UOC Clinica Neurologica Rete Metropolitana NEUROMET IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Frezza
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R D'Angelo
- UOC Clinica Neurologica Rete Metropolitana NEUROMET IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Barletta
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Calandra-Buonaura
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - N Galiè
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- UO Cardiologia, IRCCS Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Massa
- Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - P Cortelli
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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12
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Pellegrino P, Farella I, Cascione M, De Matteis V, Bramanti AP, Della Torre A, Quaranta F, Rinaldi R. Investigation of the Effects of Pulse-Atomic Force Nanolithography Parameters on 2.5D Nanostructures' Morphology. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:4421. [PMID: 36558273 PMCID: PMC9781517 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)-based nanolithography techniques have emerged as a very powerful approach for the machining of countless types of nanostructures. However, the conventional AFM-based nanolithography methods suffer from low efficiency, low rate of patterning, and high complexity of execution. In this frame, we first developed an easy and effective nanopatterning technique, termed Pulse-Atomic Force Lithography (P-AFL), with which we were able to pattern 2.5D nanogrooves on a thin polymer layer. Indeed, for the first time, we patterned nanogrooves with either constant or varying depth profiles, with sub-nanometre resolution, high accuracy, and reproducibility. In this paper, we present the results on the investigation of the effects of P-AFL parameters on 2.5D nanostructures' morphology. We considered three main P-AFL parameters, i.e., the pulse's amplitude (setpoint), the pulses' width, and the distance between the following indentations (step), and we patterned arrays of grooves after a precise and well-established variation of the aforementioned parameters. Optimizing the nanolithography process, in terms of patterning time and nanostructures quality, we realized unconventional shape nanostructures with high accuracy and fidelity. Finally, a scanning electron microscope was used to confirm that P-AFL does not induce any damage on AFM tips used to pattern the nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pellegrino
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Isabella Farella
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Paolo Bramanti
- STMicroelectronics S.r.l., System Research and Applications (SRA) Silicon Biotech, Lecce Labs, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Della Torre
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabio Quaranta
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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13
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Pellegrino P, Farella I, Cascione M, De Matteis V, Bramanti AP, Vincenti L, Della Torre A, Quaranta F, Rinaldi R. Pile-Ups Formation in AFM-Based Nanolithography: Morpho-Mechanical Characterization and Removal Strategies. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 13:1982. [PMID: 36422411 PMCID: PMC9692810 DOI: 10.3390/mi13111982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, great efforts have been made to develop innovative, effective, and accurate nanofabrication techniques stimulated by the growing demand for nanostructures. Nowadays, mechanical tip-based emerged as the most promising nanolithography technique, allowing the pattern of nanostructures with a sub-nanometer resolution, high reproducibility, and accuracy. Unfortunately, these nanostructures result in contoured pile-ups that could limit their use and future integration into high-tech devices. The removal of pile-ups is still an open challenge. In this perspective, two different AFM-based approaches, i.e., Force Modulation Mode imaging and force-distance curve analysis, were used to characterize the structure of pile-ups at the edges of nanogrooves patterned on PMMA substrate by means of Pulse-Atomic Force Lithography. Our experimental results showed that the material in pile-ups was less stiff than the pristine polymer. Based on this evidence, we have developed an effective strategy to easily remove pile-ups, preserving the shape and the morphology of nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pellegrino
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Isabella Farella
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Paolo Bramanti
- STMicroelectronics S.r.l., System Research and Applications (SRA) Silicon Biotech, Lecce Labs, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vincenti
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Della Torre
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabio Quaranta
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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14
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Camilli M, Russo M, Rinaldi R, Iannaccone G, Del Buono MG, Lavecchia G, Crea F, Montone RA. Air pollution and coronary vasomotor disorders in patients with myocardial ischemia and non-obstructive coronary arteries. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Coronary vasomotor abnormalities are an important cause of myocardial ischemia in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD). However, the role of air pollution in determining vasomotor disorders has never been investigated.
Purpose
In this study, we evaluated the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) PM2.5 and PM10 and coronary vasomotor disorders in NOCAD patients.
Methods
Patients with myocardial ischemia and NOCAD undergoing intracoronary provocative test with acetylcholine (ACh) were prospectively enrolled. The test was considered positive for epicardial coronary spasm in the presence of focal or diffuse epicardial coronary diameter reduction ≥90% in comparison with the relaxed state following intracoronary nitroglycerin administration given to relieve the spasm, associated with the reproduction of the patient's symptoms and ischaemic ECG shifts. Both patients with chronic myocardial ischemia (INOCA) and myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) were enrolled. Based on each case's home address, exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was assessed. Only patients with >2 years of available data on air pollution exposure prior to coronary angiography were included.
Results
We enrolled 287 patients (median age 62.0 years [52.0–70.0], 149 [51.9%] males): 161 (56.1%) INOCA and 126 (43.9%) MINOCA. One hundred seventy-six patients (61.3%) had positive provocative test. Exposure to PM2.5 (Figure 1) and PM10 was higher in patients with a positive provocative test (p<0.001). PM2.5 and PM10 were independent predictors of a positive coronary provocative test after adjustment for confounders. Interestingly, among patients with a positive provocative test, PM2.5 and PM10 were both independent predictors of MINOCA (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively; Figure 2) as clinical presentation, while only PM2.5 was independently associated with the occurrence of epicardial spasm as opposed to microvascular spasm (p<0.001).
Conclusions
We provide novel insights into the missing link between air pollution and ischemic heart disease. In particular, higher exposure to air pollution in patients with myocardial ischemia and NOCAD is associated with coronary vasomotor abnormalities, and PM2.5 is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of epicardial spasm and for MINOCA as clinical presentation.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Camilli
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - M Russo
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - G Iannaccone
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - M G Del Buono
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - G Lavecchia
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - F Crea
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - R A Montone
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
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15
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Russo M, Camilli M, La Vecchia G, Caffe' A, Iannaccone G, Rinaldi R, Del Buono M, Trani C, Liuzzo G, Crea F, Montone RA. Atherosclerotic Coronary Plaque features in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disorder characterized by airflow limitation, persistent respiratory symptoms and chronic lung inflammation. Previous studies reported a robust relationship between COPD and coronary artery disease (CAD). Local and systemic inflammation, known to play a role in atherosclerosis development, has been reported in patients with COPD, and has been proposed as one of the possible pathogenetic factors linking COPD and CAD. However, data on atherosclerotic coronary pattern and coronary inflammation in COPD patients are lacking.
Purpose
To study the characteristics of atherosclerotic coronary plaques and local inflammation by using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in COPD patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
Methods
ACS patients undergoing intracoronary OCT imaging of the culprit vessel were retrospectively identified. Coronary plaque characteristics and OCT-defined macrophage infiltration (MØI) were assessed by OCT. ACS patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or the absence of an established diagnosis of COPD, and coronary plaque features and MØI both at the culprit plaque site and along the culprit vessel were compared between the two groups.
Results
Among 146 ACS patients (mean age, 66,1±12,7 years, 109 males), 47 (32,2%) had COPD. Patients with COPD were older, were more frequently on therapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker, had lower hemoglobin, total cholesterol and triglycerides levels, and had higher serum creatinine levels. The prevalence of different mechanisms of ACS were similar between COPD and noCOPD patients (plaque rupture: 57,4% vs. 45,4%, plaque erosion: 23,4% vs. 32,3%, calcified plaque: 19,1% vs. 22,2%, respectively, overall p=0,381). OCT analysis of plaque microstructures showed that COPD patients had significantly higher prevalence of MØI (78,7% vs. 54,4%, p=0,005), thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) (48,9% vs. 22,2%, p=0,001), spotty calcium (68,1% vs. 26,3%, p<0,001) and calcifications (83,0% vs. 66,7%, p=0,040) at the culprit site than noCOPD patients. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis performed to adjust for clinical features, COPD was independently associated with MØI both at the culprit site (OR: 4,726, CI: 1,599; 13,971, p=0,005) and along the culprit vessel (OR: 2,193, CI: 1,110; 4,332, p=0,024). Similarly, COPD was independently associated with the presence of TCFA both at the culprit site (OR: 5,737, CI: 1,877; 17,540, p=0,002) and along the culprit vessel (OR: 2,796, CI: 1,408; 5,553, p=0,003).
Conclusions
In ACS patients undergoing OCT imaging of the culprit vessel, COPD was an independent predictor of local plaque inflammation and plaque vulnerability both at the culprit site and along the culprit vessel. Our results may suggest that a higher inflammatory milieu in COPD patients might enhance local coronary inflammation, promoting CAD development and plaque vulnerability.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Russo
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - M Camilli
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - G La Vecchia
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - A Caffe'
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - G Iannaccone
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - M Del Buono
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - C Trani
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - G Liuzzo
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - F Crea
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
| | - R A Montone
- Catholic University of the Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy
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16
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Iannaccone G, Graziani F, Del Buono MG, Camilli M, Lillo R, Caffe' A, La Vecchia G, Rinaldi R, Pedicino D, Sanna T, Trani C, Lombardo A, Lanza GA, Montone RA, Crea F. Left atrial strain analysis improves non-invasive estimation of left ventricular filling pressures in takotsubo syndrome. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is associated with a non-negligible risk of in-hospital (IH) complications. Elevated left ventricular filling pressures (LVFP), measured invasively as LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), showed to predict adverse IH outcomes in this population.
Recently, novel indexes of left atrial (LA) function, including LA reservoir and LA pump strain, demonstrated a close correlation with increased LVFP in unselected patients.
Purpose
To assess the ability of LA reservoir and LA pump strain to improve non-invasive estimation of LVFP and to predict IH complications in TTS patients.
Methods
We retrospectively enrolled patients with confirmed TTS diagnosis at invasive left heart catheterization and coronary angiography. LVEDP was assessed invasively at the time of catheterization. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed with 48 hours from hospital admission. IH complications were collected, including occurrence of acute heart failure (pulmonary oedema/cardiogenic shock; Killip class III/IV), death from any cause and life-threatening arrhythmias.
Results
A total of 62 patients were analysed (72.2±10.1 years, female 80%). IH complications occurred in 25 (40.3%). Patients who experienced IH complications had higher LVEDP and lower LVEF, LA reservoir strain and LA pump strain values compared to patients without IH complications (all P≤0.001). At multivariate analysis, EF and LVEDP were independent predictors of worse IH outcomes (P≤0.001 and P=0.004 respectively). Correlation analysis proved that lower values of both LA reservoir and pump strain were associated with increasingly higher LVEDP (r −0.859, P≤0.001 and r −0.848, P≤0.001 respectively). Receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the AUC for LVEDP to predict IH complications was 0.814 (95% CI 0.679–0.949, P≤0.001) with an optimal cut-off value of 24.5 mmHg (sensitivity 77%, specificity 53%).
Therefore, we performed ROC curve analysis to compare the ability of LA strain values and standard echocardiographic parameters currently used for non-invasive LVFP assessment to predict LVEDP ≥24.5 mmHg. As a result, we obtained higher AUC for LA reservoir and pump strain [0.909 (95% CI 0.818–0.999, P≤0.001) and 0.889 (95% CI 0.789–0.988, P≤0.001), respectively] vs E/e' 0.800 (95% CI 0.663–0.937, P≤0.001), LAVi 0.666 (P=0.092) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) peak velocity 0.582 (P=0.596). The incorporation of LA strain values in a multivariable model including E/e' ratio, LAVi and TR peak velocity to predict a LVEDP ≥24.5 mmHg led to a significant incremental predictive value (changes in χ2=11.99; P=0.002).
Conclusion
In patients with TTS, lower LA reservoir and pump strain values correlate with increased LVEDP and improve non-invasive estimation of LVFP. LA strain analysis may be an easy tool to individuate subjects at higher risk of IH complications.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Iannaccone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - F Graziani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - M G Del Buono
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - M Camilli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - R Lillo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - A Caffe'
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - G La Vecchia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - D Pedicino
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - T Sanna
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - C Trani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - A Lombardo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - G A Lanza
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - R A Montone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - F Crea
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University , Rome , Italy
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Fersurella G, Torre AD, Quaranta F, Losito P, D'Alessandro L, Invitto S, Rinaldi R. A wearable and smart actuator for haptic stimulation. Micro and Nano Engineering 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mne.2022.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Cioffi A, Rinaldi R. Sars-CoV-2 Infection After Lung Transplantation: Is There Professional Liability? Clin Ter 2022; 173:222-223. [PMID: 35612334 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2022.2422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For the first time in the literature, a case of Sars-Cov-2 infection after lung Transplantation has been described. This case, particularly rare, brought attention on the in-depth screening for Sars-CoV-2 on lung donor. In addition to infectious problems, it is important to focus attention on medico-legal issues related to this case. In fact, from the point of view of professional responsibility, in theory, there could be criteria for identifying professional responsibility. The author analyzes the possible presence of medical liability in this specific case.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cioffi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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19
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Gallo N, Natali ML, Curci C, Picerno A, Gallone A, Vulpi M, Vitarelli A, Ditonno P, Cascione M, Sallustio F, Rinaldi R, Sannino A, Salvatore L. Analysis of the Physico-Chemical, Mechanical and Biological Properties of Crosslinked Type-I Collagen from Horse Tendon: Towards the Development of Ideal Scaffolding Material for Urethral Regeneration. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:7648. [PMID: 34947245 PMCID: PMC8707771 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Urethral stenosis is a pathological condition that consists in the narrowing of the urethral lumen because of the formation of scar tissue. Unfortunately, none of the current surgical approaches represent an optimal solution because of the high stricture recurrence rate. In this context, we preliminarily explored the potential of an insoluble type-I collagen from horse tendon as scaffolding material for the development of innovative devices for the regeneration of injured urethral tracts. Non-porous collagen-based substrates were produced and optimized, in terms of crosslinking density of the macromolecular structure, to either provide mechanical properties compliant with the urinary tract physiological stress and better sustain tissue regeneration. The effect of the adopted crosslinking strategy on the protein integrity and on the substrate physical-chemical, mechanical and biological properties was investigated in comparison with a decellularized matrix from porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS patch), an extensively used xenograft licensed for clinical use in urology. The optimized production protocols allowed the preservation of the type I collagen native structure and the realization of a substrate with appealing end-use properties. The biological response, preliminarily investigated by immunofluorescence experiments on human adult renal stem/progenitor cells until 28 days, showed the formation of a stem-cell monolayer within 14 days and the onset of spheroids within 28 days. These results suggested the great potential of the collagen-based material for the development of scaffolds for urethral plate regeneration and for in vitro cellular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Lucia Natali
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
- Typeone Biomaterials, Via Vittorio Veneto 64/C, 73036 Muro Leccese, Italy
| | - Claudia Curci
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Angela Picerno
- Nephrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Anna Gallone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (C.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Marco Vulpi
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Antonio Vitarelli
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Pasquale Ditonno
- Urology and Andrology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (A.V.); (P.D.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.L.N.); (A.S.); (L.S.)
- Typeone Biomaterials, Via Vittorio Veneto 64/C, 73036 Muro Leccese, Italy
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20
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Montanucci C, Chipi E, Salvadori N, Rinaldi R, Eusebi P, Parnetti L. HIV-Dementia Scale as a screening tool for the detection of subcortical cognitive deficits: validation of the Italian version. J Neurol 2021; 268:4789-4795. [PMID: 33991241 PMCID: PMC8563637 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-021-10592-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) lacks of sensitivity in detecting cognitive deficits associated with subcortical damage. The HIV-Dementia Scale (HDS), a screening tool originally created for detecting cognitive impairment due to subcortical damage in HIV + patients, has proved to be useful in other neurological diseases. Until now, an Italian version of the HDS is not available. We aimed at: (1) validating the HDS Italian version (HDS-IT) in a cohort of cognitively healthy subjects (CN); (2) exploring the suitability of HDS-IT in detecting cognitive impairment due to subcortical damage (scCI). The psychometric properties of the HDS-IT were assessed in 180 CN (mean age 67.6 ± 8.3, range 41-84) with regard to item-total correlation, test-retest reliability and convergent validity with MMSE. Item-total correlations ranged 0.44-0.72. Test-retest reliability was 0.70 (p < 0.001). The HDS-IT scores were positively associated with MMSE score (rS = 0.49, p < 0.001). Then, both the HDS-IT and the MMSE were administered to 44 scCI subjects (mean age 64.9 ± 10.6, range 41-84). Mean HDS-IT total score was close to the original version and significantly lower in the scCI group compared to CN (8.6 ± 3.6 vs. 12.6 ± 2.5, p < 0.001). ROC analysis yielded an optimal cutoff value of 11, with sensitivity of 0.70 and specificity of 0.82. Patients showed poorer scores on HDS-IT compared to CN (12.6 ± 2.5 vs. 8.6 ± 3.6, p < 0.001). Our results support the use of HDS-IT as a screening tool suitable for detecting cognitive deficits with prevalent subcortical pattern, being complementary to MMSE in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Montanucci
- Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
| | - E Chipi
- Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - N Salvadori
- Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - P Eusebi
- Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Parnetti
- Center for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
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21
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Montone RA, Camilli M, Russo M, Del Buono M, Termite C, La Vecchia G, Rinaldi R, Iannaccone G, Gurgoglione F, Trani C, Niccoli G, Crea F. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution portends a higher risk of coronary plaque vulnerability and instability in patients with acute coronary syndrome: an optical coherence tomography study. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Air pollution is an emerging key player in determining the residual risk of coronary events. However, pathophysiological mechanisms linking air pollution and coronary events have been not adequately investigated.
Purpose
We assessed the relationship between exposure to air pollutants and mechanisms of coronary instability evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods
ACS patients undergoing OCT imaging were retrospectively selected. Mechanism of culprit lesion instability was classified as plaque rupture (PR) or intact fibrous cap (IFC) by OCT, and the presence of macrophage infiltrates (MØI) and thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) at the culprit site was also assessed. Based on each case's home address, exposure to several pollutants was evaluated, including particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), particulate matter 10 (PM10), and carbon monoxide (CO). Only patients with >2 years of available data on air pollution exposure prior to ACS were enrolled.
Results
We included 136 patients [median age 67.0 years (56.2–76.0), 104 (76.5%) male]. Sixty-six patients (48.5%) had PR as mechanism of plaque instability. Patients with PR were exposed to significantly higher PM2.5 levels compared to IFC, and PM2.5 was an independent predictor for PR (OR=1.133, 95% CI [1.020–1.258], p=0.019). Moreover, exposure to higher levels of PM2.5, PM10 and CO was an independent predictor for the presence of TCFA, while PM2.5 and CO levels predicted the presence of MØI. Interestingly, PM2.5, PM10 and CO levels were positively and significantly correlated with serum levels of C-reactive protein. ROC curves were constructed to assess the ability of PM2.5 to predict the presence of plaque rupture, TCFA or MØI. The AUC for PM2.5 to predict plaque rupture was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.52–0.71, p=0.018), for TCFA was 0.71 (95% CI: 0.61–0.80, p<0.001) and for MØI was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71–0.88, p<0.001). Using a PM2.5 cut-off value of 13.40 μg/m3, the sensitivity and specificity for MØI were 81% and 66%, respectively.
Conclusions
We provide novel insights into the missing link between air pollution and increased risk of coronary events. In particular, exposure to higher concentrations of air pollutants is a risk factor for vulnerable plaque features and for plaque rupture as mechanism of coronary instability mediated by systemic and local plaque inflammation. Of importance, the thresholds of air pollutants that predicted the presence of vulnerable plaque features are far lower than commonly accepted safety thresholds used to start preventive measures for public health, suggesting that further efforts are needed in order to reduce the adverse effects on the cardiovascular system.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Air pollutants exposure and OCT featuresROC curve analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Montone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Camilli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Russo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Del Buono
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - C Termite
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G La Vecchia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Iannaccone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Gurgoglione
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - C Trani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Niccoli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Crea
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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22
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Cascione M, De Matteis V, Pellegrino P, Albanese G, De Giorgi ML, Paladini F, Corsalini M, Rinaldi R. Improvement of PMMA Dental Matrix Performance by Addition of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Clay Nanotubes. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11082027. [PMID: 34443858 PMCID: PMC8402145 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, several materials have been proposed for the fabrication of dental and mandibular prosthetic implants. Today, the poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA) resin is the most spread material, due to its ease of processing, low cost, aesthetic properties, low weight, biocompatibility, and biostability in the oral cavity. However, the porous surface (which favors the adhesion of microorganisms) and the weak mechanical properties (which lead to wear or fracture) are the major concerns. The inclusion of engineered nanomaterials in the acrylic matrix could improve the performances of PMMA. In this study, we added two different kind of nanomaterials, namely titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) and halloysite clay nanotubes (HNTs) at two concentrations (1% and 3% w/w) in PMMA. Then, we assessed the effect of nanomaterials inclusion by the evaluation of specific physical parameters: Young’s modulus, roughness, and wettability. In addition, we investigated the potential beneficial effects regarding the Candida albicans (C. albicans) colonization reduction, the most common yeast responsible of several infections in oral cavity. Our experimental results showed an improvement of PMMA performance, following the addition of TiO2NPs and HNTs, in a dose dependent manner. In particular, the presence of TiO2NPs in the methacrylate matrix induced a greater increase in PMMA stiffness respect to HNTs addition. On the other hand, HNTs reduced the rate of C. albicans colonization more significantly than TiO2NPs. The results obtained are of great interest for the improvement of PMMA physico-chemical properties, in view of its possible application in clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.P.); (M.L.D.G.); (F.P.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: (Mf.C.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.P.); (M.L.D.G.); (F.P.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: (Mf.C.); (V.D.M.)
| | - Paolo Pellegrino
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.P.); (M.L.D.G.); (F.P.); (R.R.)
| | - Giovanni Albanese
- U.O.C. of Plastic Surgery and Burns Center, Department of Oral Hygiene Clinic, Hospital “A. Perrino”, 72100 Brindisi, Italy;
- Dental School, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Maria Luisa De Giorgi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.P.); (M.L.D.G.); (F.P.); (R.R.)
| | - Fabio Paladini
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.P.); (M.L.D.G.); (F.P.); (R.R.)
| | - Massimo Corsalini
- Dental School, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (P.P.); (M.L.D.G.); (F.P.); (R.R.)
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23
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De Matteis V, Cascione M, Rizzello L, Manno DE, Di Guglielmo C, Rinaldi R. Synergistic Effect Induced by Gold Nanoparticles with Polyphenols Shell during Thermal Therapy: Macrophage Inflammatory Response and Cancer Cell Death Assessment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3610. [PMID: 34298823 PMCID: PMC8303381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-based cancer therapy has been heavily debated. The physico-chemical properties of AuNPs can be exploited in photothermal therapy, making them a powerful tool for selectively killing cancer cells. However, the synthetic side products and capping agents often induce a strong activation of the inflammatory pathways of macrophages, thus limiting their further applications in vivo. METHODS Here, we described a green method to obtain stable polyphenol-capped AuNPs (Au NPs@polyphenols), as polyphenols are known for their anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. These NPs were used in human macrophages to test key inflammation-related markers, such as NF-κB, TNF-α, and interleukins-6 and 8. The results were compared with similar NPs obtained by a traditional chemical route (without the polyphenol coating), proving the potential of Au NPs@polyphenols to strongly promote the shutdown of inflammation. This was useful in developing them for use as heat-synergized tools in the thermal treatment of two types of cancer cells, namely, breast cancer (MCF-7) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The cell viability, calcium release, oxidative stress, HSP-70 expression, mitochondrial, and DNA damage, as well as cytoskeleton alteration, were evaluated. RESULTS Our results clearly demonstrate that the combined strategy markedly exerts anticancer effects against the tested cancer cell, while neither of the single treatments (only heat or only NPs) induced significant changes. CONCLUSIONS Au NP@polyphenols may be powerful agents in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Loris Rizzello
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Via G. Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- National Institute of Molecular Genetics (INGM), Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Daniela Erminia Manno
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
| | - Claudia Di Guglielmo
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (D.E.M.); (R.R.)
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De Matteis V, Rojas M, Cascione M, Mazzotta S, Di Sansebastiano GP, Rinaldi R. Physico-Chemical Properties of Inorganic NPs Influence the Absorption Rate of Aquatic Mosses Reducing Cytotoxicity on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Model. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102885. [PMID: 34068079 PMCID: PMC8152762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Noble metals nanoparticles (NPs) and metal oxide NPs are widely used in different fields of application and commercial products, exposing living organisms to their potential adverse effects. Recent evidences suggest their presence in the aquifers water and consequently in drinking water. In this work, we have carefully synthesized four types of NPs, namely, silver and gold NPs (Ag NPs and Au NPs) and silica and titanium dioxide NPs (SiO2 NPs and TiO2 NPs) having a similar size and negatively charged surfaces. The synthesis of Ag NPs and Au NPs was carried out by colloidal route using silver nitrate (AgNO3) and tetrachloroauric (III) acid (HAuCl4) while SiO2 NPs and TiO2 NPs were achieved by ternary microemulsion and sol-gel routes, respectively. Once the characterization of NPs was carried out in order to assess their physico-chemical properties, their impact on living cells was studied. We used the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2), known as the best representative intestinal epithelial barrier model to understand the effects triggered by NPs through ingestion. Then, we moved to explore how water contamination caused by NPs can be lowered by the ability of three species of aquatic moss, namely, Leptodictyum riparium, Vesicularia ferriei, and Taxiphyllum barbieri, to absorb them. The experiments were conducted using two concentrations of NPs (100 μM and 500 Μm as metal content) and two time points (24 h and 48 h), showing a capture rate dependent on the moss species and NPs type. Then, the selected moss species, able to actively capture NPs, appear as a powerful tool capable to purify water from nanostructured materials, and then, to reduce the toxicity associated to the ingestion of contaminated drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0832298108
| | - Makarena Rojas
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy; (M.R.); (G.P.D.S.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Stefano Mazzotta
- Studio Effemme-Chimica Applicata, Via Paolo VI, 73018 Squinzano (LE), Italy;
| | - Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy; (M.R.); (G.P.D.S.)
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
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De Matteis V, Rizzello L, Ingrosso C, Rinaldi R. Purification of olive mill wastewater through noble metal nanoparticle synthesis: waste safe disposal and nanomaterial impact on healthy hepatic cell mitochondria. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:26154-26171. [PMID: 33484467 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The exponential increase of waste derived from different human activities points out the importance of their reuse in order to create materials with specific properties that can be used for different applications. In this work, it was showed how the typical Mediterranean organic liquid waste, namely olive mill wastewater (OMWW), obtained during olive oil production, can be turned into an efficient reactive agent for the production of noble metals gold (Au) and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with very well-defined physico-chemical properties. More than that, it was demonstrated that this synthetic procedure also leads to a drastic decrease of the organic pollution load of the OMWW, making it safer for environmental disposal and plants irrigation. Then, using healthy hepatic cell line mitochondria, the biological effects induced by these green metal NPs surrounded by a polyphenols shell, with the same NPs synthetized through a standard chemical colloidal reduction process, were compared, finding out that the green NPs are much safer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Loris Rizzello
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Ingrosso
- CNR-IPCF S.S. Bari, c/o Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Bari, via Orabona 4, -70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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Abstract
ABSTRACT In 2020 the World Health Organization declared the Covid-19 to be a pandemic. Governments around the world are facing a tough challenge that could jeopardise the national healthcare systems. Safeguarding the rights of Covid patients and all citizens - especially those who are now even more vulnerable than they were before - is part of this challenge. This work aims to examine the issues arising from the current emergency in terms of how individuals' constitutional rights have been balanced and how much people at the highest risk amid this pandemic - the homeless, the inmates in prison, geriatric and psychiatric patients, and doctors on the Covid frontline - have been protected. This analysis focuses mostly on one of the worst-hit countries by the SARS-CoV-2: Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cioffi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome
| | | | - R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome
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Della Rosa G, Di Corato R, Carpi S, Polini B, Taurino A, Tedeschi L, Nieri P, Rinaldi R, Aloisi A. Tailoring of silica-based nanoporous pod by spermidine multi-activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21142. [PMID: 33273530 PMCID: PMC7712788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77957-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitous in nature, polyamines (PAs) are a class of low-molecular aliphatic amines critically involved in cell growth, survival and differentiation. The polycation behavior is validated as a successful strategy in delivery systems to enhance oligonucleotide loading and cellular uptake. In this study, the chemical features and the functional roles of the PA spermidine are synergistically exploited in the synthesis and bioactive functionalization of SiO2-based structures. Inspired by biosilicification, the role of spermidine is assessed both as catalyst and template in a biomimetic one-pot synthesis of dense silica-based particles (SPs) and as a competitive agent in an interfacial reassembly strategy, to empty out SPs and generate spermidine-decorated hollow silica nanoporous pods (spd-SNPs). Spermidine bioactivity is then employed for targeting tumor cell over-expressed polyamine transport system (PTS) and for effective delivery of functional miRNA into melanoma cells. Spermidine decoration promotes spd-SNP cell internalization mediated by PTS and along with hollow structure enhances oligonucleotide loading. Accordingly, the functional delivery of the tumor suppressor miR-34a 3p resulted in intracellular accumulation of histone-complexed DNA fragments associated with apoptosis. Overall, the results highlight the potential of spd-SNP as a multi-agent anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Della Rosa
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies (NBT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies (CBN), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Barsanti, Arnesano, 73010, Lecce, Italy
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Sara Carpi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Farmacologia Marina, MARine PHARMA Center, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonietta Taurino
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Lorena Tedeschi
- Oligonucleotides Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Via Moruzzi, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Nieri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Farmacologia Marina, MARine PHARMA Center, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
- ISUFI, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aloisi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
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Cascione M, De Matteis V, Leporatti S, Rinaldi R. The New Frontiers in Neurodegenerative Diseases Treatment: Liposomal-Based Strategies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:566767. [PMID: 33195128 PMCID: PMC7649361 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.566767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the onset of neurodegenerative (ND) diseases is strongly widespread due to the age increase of the world population. Despite the intensive investigations boosted by the scientific community, an efficacious therapy has not been outlined yet. The drugs commonly used are only able to relieve symptom severity; following their oral or intravenous administration routes, their effectiveness is strictly limited due to their low ability to reach the Central Nervous System (CNS) overcoming the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Starting from these assumptions, the engineered-nanocarriers, such as lipid-nanocarriers, are suitable agents to enhance the delivery of drugs into the CNS due to their high solubility, bioavailability, and stability. Liposomal delivery systems are considered to be the ideal carriers, not only for conventional drugs but also for neuroprotective small molecules and green-extracted compounds. In the current work, the LP-based drug delivery improvements in in vivo applications against ND disorders were carefully assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi," University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi," University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Stefano Leporatti
- National Research Council Nanotec Institute of Nanotechnology, Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi," University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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Montone R, Camilli M, Russo M, Del Buono M, Gurguglione F, Meucci M, Rinaldi R, Iannaccone G, Canonico F, Liuzzo G, Niccoli G, Crea F. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with coronary macrophage infiltrates in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophine that plays a key role in the regulation of both central and peripheral nervous system. Moreover, BDNF is secreted in multiple tissues and exerts systemic, autocrine, and paracrine effects in the cardiovascular system. Of importance, BDNF expression was enhanced in macrophages and smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic coronary arteries and may be involved in thrombus formation. Thus, BDNF has been suggested as an important link between inflammation and thrombosis, potentially involved in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Purpose
In our study we aimed at assessing serum levels of BDNF in patients with ACS, evaluating differences according to clinical presentation [ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) vs. Non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS)]. Moreover, we assessed the presence of optical coherence (OCT)-defined macrophage infiltrates (MØI) in the culprit vessel of ACS patients and evaluated their relationship with BDNF levels.
Methods
ACS patients were prospectively selected. Blood samples were collected at admission and serum levels of BDNF were subsequently assessed. Presence of OCT-defined MØI along the culprit vessel was assessed.
Results
166 ACS patients were enrolled [mean age 65.3±11.9 years, 125 (75.3%) male, 109 STEMI, 57 NSTE-ACS]. Serum levels of BDNF were higher among STEMI patients compared with NSTE-ACS [median (IQR) 2.48 pg/mL (1.54–3.34) vs. 2.12 pg/mL (1.34–2.47), p=0.007], while C-reactive protein levels did not differ between the two groups. OCT assessment was performed in 53 patients and MØI were detected in 27 patients. Of importance, patients with MØI in the culprit vessel had higher levels of BDNF compared with patients without MØI [median (IQR) 2.23 pg/mL (1.38–2.53) vs. 1.41 pg/mL (0.93–2.07), p=0.023], while C-reactive protein levels did not differ between the two groups. Of note, at multivariate regression analysis BDNF levels were independent predictor of MØI [OR: 2.20; 95% CI (1.02–4.74), p=0.043].
Conclusions
Serum levels of BDNF may reliable identify the presence of local macrophage inflammatory infiltrates in patients with ACS. Moreover, BDNF levels are higher in patients with STEMI compared with NSTE-ACS. Taken together, these data suggest that BDNF may represent an interesting link between local inflammatory activation and enhanced thrombosis in ACS.
BDNF serum levels
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- R.A Montone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Camilli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Russo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Del Buono
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Gurguglione
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M.C Meucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Iannaccone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Canonico
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Liuzzo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Niccoli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Crea
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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30
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Fileccia E, Rinaldi R, Minicuci G, D'Angelo R, Bartolomei L, Liguori R, Donadio V. Subcutaneous immunoglobulin for maintenance therapy in stiff-person syndrome: One-year follow-up in two patients. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:921-924. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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31
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Montone R, Vetrugno V, Camilli M, Russo M, Del Buono M, Rinaldi R, Khan S, Doshi S, Townend J, Ludman P, Trani C, Niccoli G, Crea F. Macrophage infiltrates in coronary plaque erosion portend a worse cardiovascular outcome in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Plaque erosion (PE) is responsible for at least one-third of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Inflammatory activation is considered a key mechanism of plaque instability in patients with plaque rupture through the release of metalloproteinases and the inhibition of collagen synthesis that in turns lead to fibrous cap degradation. However, the clinical relevance of macrophage infiltration has never been investigated in patients with PE.
Purpose
In our study, we aimed at assessing the presence of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-defined macrophage infiltrates (MØI) at the culprit site in ACS patients with PE, evaluating their clinical and OCT correlates, along with their prognostic value.
Methods
ACS patients undergoing OCT imaging and presenting PE as culprit lesion were retrospectively selected. Presence of MØI at culprit site and in non-culprit segments along the culprit vessel was assessed. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as the composite of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization (TVR), was assessed [follow-up median (interquartile range, IQR) time 2.5 (2.03–2.58) years].
Results
We included 153 patients [median age (IQR) 64 (53–75) years, 99 (64.7%) males]. Fifty-one (33.3%) patients presented PE with MØI and 102 (66.7%) PE without MØI. Patients having PE with MØI compared with PE patients without MØI had more vulnerable plaque features both at culprit site and at non-culprit segments. In particular, culprit lesion analysis demonstrated that patients with PE with MØI had a significantly thinner fibrous cap [median (IQR) 100 (60–120) μm vs. 160 (95–190) μm, p<0.001], higher prevalence of thrombus [41 (80.4%) vs. 64 (62.7%), p=0.028], lipid plaque [39 (76.5%) vs. 50 (49.0%), p<0.001], TCFA [20 (39.2%) vs. 14 (13.7%), p=0.001], and a higher maximum lipid arc [median [IQR] 250.0° (177.5°-290.0°) vs. 190.0° (150.0°-260.0°), p=0.018) at the culprit lesion compared with PE without MØI. MACEs were significantly more frequent in PE with MØI patients compared with PE without MØI [11 (21.6%) vs. 6 (5.9%), p=0.008], mainly driven by a higher risk of cardiac death and TVR. At multivariable Cox regression model, PE with MØI [HR=2.95, 95% CI (1.09–8.02), p=0.034] was an independent predictor of MACEs.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that among ACS patients with PE the presence of MØI at culprit lesion is associated with a more aggressive phenotype of coronary atherosclerosis with more vulnerable plaque features, along with a worse prognosis at a long-term follow-up. These findings are of the utmost importance in the era of precision medicine because clearly show that macrophage infiltrates may identify patients with a higher cardiovascular risk requiring more aggressive secondary prevention therapies and a closer clinical follow-up.
Prognosis
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- R.A Montone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - V Vetrugno
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Camilli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Russo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - M.G Del Buono
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - R Rinaldi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - S.Q Khan
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S.N Doshi
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - J.N Townend
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - P.F Ludman
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - C Trani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Niccoli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Crea
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
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Leporatti S, Cascione M, De Matteis V, Rinaldi R. Design of nano-clays for drug delivery and bio-imaging: can toxicity be an issue? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:2429-2432. [PMID: 32878552 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Leporatti
- CNR Nanotec - Institute of Nanotechnology, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics & Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics & Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics & Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, Lecce, 73100, Italy
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Rinaldi R, Piersanti V, Consalvo F, Del Rio A. Childbirth Injuries: an issue fraught with risks from the health care and medicolegal perspectives. Clin Ter 2020; 171:e229-e234. [PMID: 32323710 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2020.2218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Birth injuries caused by medical negligence are a real threat for mothers and their children, which can entail catastrophic, life-changing consequences, permanent disability, or even death. Families almost always seek redress from doctors and/or facilities, but in order for a birth injury malpractice claim to be successful, it needs to be proven that the medical care providers owed a duty to the child and that they were derelict in that duty and did not meet the proper standard of care; Furthermore, a causal relationship needs to be established between injury sustained by the child and the physician's or provider's breach of duty to the child. Relevant scientific articles have been collected by drawing upon medical search engines and archives such as Medline, Cochrane Central, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE and Google Scholar, through December 2019, using keywords such as "birth injuries", "malpractice", "claims". Moreover, the Authors have delved into legal databases (Justia, Lexis, De Jure, Leagle), identifying 6 meaningful instances of court cases centered around birth injuries with severe consequences, all stemming from malpractice and negligence. Ultimately, it can be concluded that demonstrable and adequately documented compliance with well-established guidelines and/or best practices are a determining factor in the legal defence of health care operators; that in turn can go a long way towards discouraging meritless claims and frivolous lawsuits, which constitute a challenging issue raising health care costs in many countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Piersanti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Consalvo
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Del Rio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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De Matteis V, Rizzello L, Cascione M, Liatsi-Douvitsa E, Apriceno A, Rinaldi R. Green Plasmonic Nanoparticles and Bio-Inspired Stimuli-Responsive Vesicles in Cancer Therapy Application. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1083. [PMID: 32486479 PMCID: PMC7353186 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
: In the past years, there is a growing interest in the application of nanoscaled materials in cancer therapy because of their unique physico-chemical properties. However, the dark side of their usability is limited by their possible toxic behaviour and accumulation in living organisms. Starting from this assumption, the search for a green alternative to produce nanoparticles (NPs) or the discovery of green molecules, is a challenge in order to obtain safe materials. In particular, gold (Au NPs) and silver (Ag NPs) NPs are particularly suitable because of their unique physico-chemical properties, in particular plasmonic behaviour that makes them useful as active anticancer agents. These NPs can be obtained by green approaches, alternative to conventional chemical methods, owing to the use of phytochemicals, carbohydrates, and other biomolecules present in plants, fungi, and bacteria, reducing toxic effects. In addition, we analysed the use of green and stimuli-responsive polymeric bio-inspired nanovesicles, mainly used in drug delivery applications that have revolutionised the way of drugs supply. Finally, we reported the last examples on the use of metallic and Au NPs as self-propelling systems as new concept of nanorobot, which is able to respond and move towards specific physical or chemical stimuli in biological entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Loris Rizzello
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 10–12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.R.); (A.A.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
| | - Eva Liatsi-Douvitsa
- Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK;
| | - Azzurra Apriceno
- The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Baldiri Reixac 10–12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (L.R.); (A.A.)
- Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL), 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK;
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.C.); (R.R.)
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Zaami S, Rinaldi R, Bersani G, Del Rio A, Ciallella C, Marinelli E. Nootropics use in the workplace: psychiatric and ethical aftermath towards the new frontier of bioengineering. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:2129-2139. [PMID: 32141583 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202002_20393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors have sought to expound upon and shed a light on the rise of nootropics, which have gradually taken on a more and more relevant role in workplaces and academic settings. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multidisciplinary databases have been delved into by entering the following keys: "nootropics", "cognitive enhancement", "workplace", "productivity", "ethics", "bioengineering". In addition, a broad-ranging search has been undertaken on institutional websites in order to identify relevant analysis and recommendations issued by international institutions and agencies. Papers and reports have been independently pored over by each author. This search strategy has led to the identification of 988 sources but only 64 were considered appropriate for the purposes of the paper after being selected by at least 3 of the authors, independently. RESULTS The notion of an artificially enhanced work performance - carried out by the 'superworker' - is particularly noteworthy and resonates with the conception of contemporary work on so many different levels: the rising need and demands for higher degrees of flexibility and productivity on the job, the implications of a '24/7' society, where more and more services are available at any time, the ever greater emphasis on entrepreneurial spirit, individual self-reliance and self-improvement, and last but not least, the impact of an ageing society on economic standards and performance. CONCLUSIONS Moreover, it is worth mentioning that human enhancement technologies will predictably and increasingly go hand in hand with gene editing, bioengineering, cybernetics and nanotechnology. Applications are virtually boundless, and may ultimately affect all human traits (physical strength, endurance, vision, intelligence and even personality and mood).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zaami
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Departmental Section of Legal Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Rinaldi R. The Italian Supreme Court Joint Sections set forth the interpretative underpinnings of the "Gelli-Bianco" law: varying degrees of guilt aimed at limiting medical liability, article 2236 c.c. makes a comeback. Clin Ter 2020; 171:e101-e106. [PMID: 32141479 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2020.2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The article's author has sought to summarize the regulatory and legal evolution of accidental criminal liability of doctors starting from earliest positions up until the enactment of the Gelli-Bianco law. An in-depth analysis is laid out based on the Italian Supreme Court Joint Sections ruling n. 8770/2018 (so-called Mariotti decision). The author has also elaborated upon the notion of varying degrees of guilt, which was taken out of the law's wording, to be later reintroduced as a concept by judicial interpretation. It is worth noting that Article 3 of the Balduzzi decree, article 590 sexies of the Italian Criminal Code and the reference to article 2236 of the Civil Code reflect an awareness on the part of legislators that medical liability needs to be limited. Clearly, the approach based on lawfulness alone, which protects from liability physicians that have adhered to guidelines, has been dismissed, superseded by the notion of minor fault. Nonetheless, the new legislation, in the author's estimation, constitutes a standard particularly ill-suited to modern medical practice, which has a high degree of complexity. The author concludes that it might be worth considering a more balanced alternative: getting back to the notion of fault, considering minor fault relevant, rather than major fault.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Rinaldi R, Negro F, Minutillo A. The health threat of new synthetic opioids as adulterants of classic drugs of abuse. Clin Ter 2020; 171:e107-e109. [PMID: 32141480 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2020.2198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Extensive scientific evidence shows that there is a broad spectrum of substances used as adulterants, whose effects on the user's health may be extremely harmful. The degree of purity of the drugs most commonly abused is highly variable depending on the region or epidemiological context. Practices of drug adulteration have been substantially evolving over the years: a significant trend has been observed in the last decade indicating a decline in the average purity of most drugs. Although the most frequent adulterants of common street drugs have long been well known, the rise of synthetic opioids has inevitably entailed gaps in knowledge in terms of the substances being used and their composition, which constitutes an even greater threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - F Negro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome
| | - A Minutillo
- Centro Nazionale Dipendenze e Doping, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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De Matteis V, Cascione M, Toma CC, Rinaldi R. Engineered Gold Nanoshells Killing Tumor Cells: New Perspectives. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:1477-1489. [PMID: 31258061 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190618155127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The current strategies to treat different kinds of cancer are mainly based on chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. Unfortunately, these approaches are not specific and rather invasive as well. In this scenario, metal nano-shells, in particular gold-based nanoshells, offer interesting perspectives in the effort to counteract tumor cells, due to their unique ability to tune Surface Plasmon Resonance in different light-absorbing ranges. In particular, the Visible and Near Infrared Regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are able to penetrate through tissues. In this way, the light absorbed by the gold nanoshell at a specific wavelength is converted into heat, inducing photothermal ablation in treated cancer cells. Furthermore, inert gold shells can be easily functionalized with different types of molecules in order to bind cellular targets in a selective manner. This review summarizes the current state-of-art of nanosystems embodying gold shells, regarding methods of synthesis, bio-conjugations, bio-distribution, imaging and photothermal effects (in vitro and in vivo), providing new insights for the development of multifunctional antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Universita del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Universita degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", p.zza G. Cesare, c/o Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara C Toma
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Universita del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Universita del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Rinaldi R, Ciallella C. Letter to the editor in response to "Medically-assisted procreation and the rise of off-center, new types of "parenthood": it is incumbent upon lawmakers to intervene". Clin Ter 2020; 170:e427-e429. [PMID: 31696905 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2019.2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present letter is meant as a response to the commentary titled "Medically-assisted procreation and the rise of off-center, new types of "parenthood": it is incumbent upon lawmakers to intervene", which was published in issue 4, 2019, of the La Clinica Terapeutica journal. Newly available reproductive techniques have given rise to new opportunities to fulfill one's wishes for parenthood. Such developments have caused procreation to be perceived as a right, intended as the right to «artificial» procreation. Not only do such trends impact those couples who travel abroad in order to have children through heterologous fertilization and surrogacy: singles and same-sex couples pursue those avenues as well in order to become parents. In the article which we are commenting upon, the author has perused the evolving jurisprudence on that subject, pointing out how necessary it is for lawmakers to step in and clearly define the rights of all parties involved, minors in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Ciallella
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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De Matteis V, Rizzello L, Ingrosso C, Liatsi-Douvitsa E, De Giorgi ML, De Matteis G, Rinaldi R. Cultivar-Dependent Anticancer and Antibacterial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Leaves of Different Olea Europaea Trees. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9111544. [PMID: 31671618 PMCID: PMC6915347 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is currently under worldwide investigation as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional routes (NPs): the absence of toxic solvents and catalysts make it suitable in the design of promising nanomaterials for nanomedicine applications. In this work, we used the extracts collected from leaves of two cultivars (Leccino and Carolea) belonging to the species Olea Europaea, to synthesize silver NPs (AgNPs) in different pH conditions and low temperature. NPs underwent full morphological characterization with the aim to define a suitable protocol to obtain a monodispersed population of AgNPs. Afterwards, to validate the reproducibility of the mentioned synthetic procedure, we moved on to another Mediterranean plant, the Laurus Nobilis. Interestingly, the NPs obtained using the two olive cultivars produced NPs with different shape and size, strictly depending on the cultivar selected and pH. Furthermore, the potential ability to inhibit the growth of two woman cancer cells (breast adenocarcinoma cells, MCF-7 and human cervical epithelioid carcinoma, HeLa) were assessed for these AgNPs, as well as their capability to mitigate the bacteria concentration in samples of contaminated well water. Our results showed that toxicity was stronger when MCF-7 and Hela cells were exposed to AgNPs derived from Carolea obtained at pH 7 presenting irregular shape; on the other hand, greater antibacterial effect was revealed using AgNPs obtained at pH 8 (smaller and monodispersed) on well water, enriched with bacteria and coliforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Loris Rizzello
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Chiara Ingrosso
- CNR-IPCF S.S. Bari, c/o Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Bari, via Orabona 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Eva Liatsi-Douvitsa
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Maria Luisa De Giorgi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Giovanni De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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De Matteis V, Cascione M, Toma CC, Albanese G, De Giorgi ML, Corsalini M, Rinaldi R. Silver Nanoparticles Addition in Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Dental Matrix: Topographic and Antimycotic Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4691. [PMID: 31546661 PMCID: PMC6801538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of nanoparticles (NPs) in medical devices has opened a new scenario in the treatment and prevention of many diseases and infections owing to unique physico-chemical properties of NPs. In this way, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known to have a strong antimicrobial activity, even at low concentrations, due to their ability to selectively destroy cellular membranes. In particular, in the field of dental medicine, the use of AgNPs in different kinds of dental prosthesis matrixes could be a fundamental tool in immunodepressed patients that suffer of different oral infections. Candida albicans (C. albicans), an opportunistic pathogenic yeast with high colonization ability, is one of the causative agents of oral cavity infection. In our work, we added monodispersed citrate-capping AgNPs with a size of 20 nm at two concentrations (3 wt% and 3.5 wt%) in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), the common resin used to develop dental prostheses. After AgNPs characterization, we evaluated the topographical modification of PMMA and PMMA with the addition of AgNPs by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), showing the reduction of surface roughness. The C. albicans colonization on PMMA surfaces was assessed by the Miles and Misra technique as well as by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 24 h and 48 h with encouraging results on the reduction of yeast viability after AgNPs exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy.
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy.
| | - Chiara Cristina Toma
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy.
| | - Giovanni Albanese
- U.O.C. of Plastic Surgery and Burns Center, Department of Oral Hygiene Clini, Hospital "A. Perrino", 72100 Brindisi (BR), Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa De Giorgi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy.
| | - Massimo Corsalini
- Dental School, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari (Ba), Italy.
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "Ennio De Giorgi", University of Salento, 73100 Lecce (LE), Italy.
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Aloisi A, Della Torre A, De Benedetto A, Rinaldi R. Bio-Recognition in Spectroscopy-Based Biosensors for *Heavy Metals-Water and Waterborne Contamination Analysis. Biosensors (Basel) 2019; 9:E96. [PMID: 31366137 PMCID: PMC6784378 DOI: 10.3390/bios9030096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
: Microsystems and biomolecules integration as well multiplexing determinations are key aspects of sensing devices in the field of heavy metal contamination monitoring. The present review collects the most relevant information about optical biosensors development in the last decade. Focus is put on analytical characteristics and applications that are dependent on: (i) Signal transduction method (luminescence, colorimetry, evanescent wave (EW), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), surface plasmon resonance (SPR)); (ii) biorecognition molecules employed (proteins, nucleic acids, aptamers, and enzymes). The biosensing systems applied (or applicable) to water and milk samples will be considered for a comparative analysis, with an emphasis on water as the primary source of possible contamination along the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Aloisi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonio Della Torre
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Angelantonio De Benedetto
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi" Department, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- ISUFI, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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Cascione M, De Matteis V, Mandriota G, Leporatti S, Rinaldi R. Acute Cytotoxic Effects on Morphology and Mechanical Behavior in MCF-7 Induced by TiO 2NPs Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143594. [PMID: 31340471 PMCID: PMC6678441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The side effects induced by nanoparticle exposure at a cellular level are one of the priority research topics due to the steady increase in the use of nanoparticles (NPs). Recently, the focus on cellular morphology and mechanical behavior is gaining relevance in order to fully understand the cytotoxic mechanisms. In this regard, we have evaluated the morphomechanical alteration in human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) exposed to TiO2NPs at two different concentrations (25 and 50 µg/mL) and two time points (24 and 48 h). By using confocal and atomic force microscopy, we demonstrated that TiO2NP exposure induces significant alterations in cellular membrane elasticity, due to actin proteins rearrangement in cytoskeleton, as calculated in correspondence to nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. In this work, we have emphasized the alteration in mechanical properties of the cellular membrane, induced by nanoparticle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Valeria De Matteis
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mandriota
- IIT-Italian Institute of Technology, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Foschi V, Bortolotti D, Doyle AF, Stratigou V, Stephens L, Trivedi P, Rinaldi R, Padovan M, Bortoluzzi A, Lightstone L, Cairns TD, Botto M, Cook TH, Rizzo R, Govoni M, Pickering MC. Analysis of HLA-G expression in renal tissue in lupus nephritis: a pilot study. Lupus 2019; 28:1091-1100. [PMID: 31291846 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319860582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to investigate whether HLA-G antigen is expressed in the kidneys of patients affected by lupus nephritis (LN) and whether its detection in renal biopsies could be adopted as a marker of treatment response and prognosis. METHODS Thirty renal biopsies from patients with LN were selected and analyzed through immunohistochemistry. Laboratory and clinical data were retrospectively collected at baseline, 6 and 12 months and at the latest clinical appointment. A number of patients (63.3%) were treated with rituximab (RTX) +/- methylprednisolone in the induction phase. The expression of HLA-G in glomeruli, tubules and infiltrating cells was examined and compared between lupus patients who achieved either complete or partial renal response and those who did not respond to treatment. RESULTS HLA-G staining was observed in the glomeruli of 20 of 30 samples from patients with LN. The expression of the antigen was detected in podocytes, along glomerular capillary walls, on parietal glomerular epithelial cells and within the juxtaglomerular apparatus. Seventy per cent of patients whose glomeruli expressed HLA-G achieved partial or complete response at 6 months and 75% at the latest available follow up compared with 30% and 40%, respectively, of those who did not show any expression. The pattern of staining in tubules and infiltrating cells was highly variable precluding any clinical correlation. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that HLA-G is expressed in renal tissue in LN. Our retrospective data suggest that its expression could correlate with response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Foschi
- 1 Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara, Italy.,2 Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - D Bortolotti
- 3 Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - A F Doyle
- 2 Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - V Stratigou
- 2 Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - L Stephens
- 2 Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - P Trivedi
- 4 Department of Pathology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Rinaldi
- 5 Section of Pathology and Biomolecular Diagnostics, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Padovan
- 1 Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - A Bortoluzzi
- 1 Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Lightstone
- 6 Section of Renal and Vascular Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK.,7 Renal and Transplant Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - T D Cairns
- 7 Renal and Transplant Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Botto
- 2 Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - T H Cook
- 2 Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Imperial College London, UK
| | - R Rizzo
- 3 Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Govoni
- 1 Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Rheumatology, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - M C Pickering
- 2 Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Imperial College London, UK
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Vacchiano V, Giannoccaro MP, Napolitano RP, Liguori R, Allegri V, Rinaldi R, Spinardi L. Combined brain positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in
GABA
A
receptor encephalitis. Eur J Neurol 2019; 26:e88-e89. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.14004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Vacchiano
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna BolognaItaly
| | - M. P. Giannoccaro
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna BolognaItaly
| | - R. P. Napolitano
- Neuroradiology Unit S. Orsola‐Malpighi University Hospital BolognaItaly
| | - R. Liguori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences University of Bologna BolognaItaly
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna UOC Clinica Neurologica BolognaItaly
| | - V. Allegri
- Nuclear Medicine S. Orsola‐Malpighi University Hospital BolognaItaly
| | - R. Rinaldi
- Neurology Unit S. Orsola‐Malpighi University Hospital Bologna Italy
| | - L. Spinardi
- Neuroradiology Unit S. Orsola‐Malpighi University Hospital BolognaItaly
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De Matteis V, Cascione M, De Giorgi ML, Leporatti S, Rinaldi R. Encapsulation of Thermo-Sensitive Lauric Acid in Silica Shell: A Green Derivate for Chemo-Thermal Therapy in Breast Cancer Cell. Molecules 2019; 24:E2034. [PMID: 31141939 PMCID: PMC6600235 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lauric acid is a green derivate that is abundant in some seeds such as coconut oil where it represents the most relevant fatty acid. Some studies have emphasized its anticancer effect due to apoptosis induction. In addition, the lauric acid is a Phase Change Material having a melting temperature of about 43.2 °C: this property makes it a powerful tool in cancer treatment by hyperthermal stress, generally induced at 43 °C. However, the direct use of lauric acid can have some controversial effects, and it can undergo degradation phenomena in the extracellular environment. For this reason, we have encapsulated lauric acid in a silica shell with a one-step and reproducible synthetic route in order to obtain a monodispersed SiO2@LA NPs with a good encapsulation efficiency. We have used these NPs to expose breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) at different concentrations in combination with hyperthermal treatment. Uptake, viability, oxidative stress induction, caspases levels, and morphometric parameters were analyzed. These nanovectors showed double action in anticancer treatments thanks to the synergic effect of temperature and lauric acid activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Maria Luisa De Giorgi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Stefano Leporatti
- CNR Nanotec-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, via Monteroni, c/o Campus Ecotekne, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Via per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
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De Matteis V, Cascione M, Toma CC, Pellegrino P, Rizzello L, Rinaldi R. Tailoring Cell Morphomechanical Perturbations Through Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. Nanoscale Res Lett 2019; 14:109. [PMID: 30923929 PMCID: PMC6439097 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-2941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The nowadays growing use of nanoparticles (NPs) in commercial products does not match a comprehensive understanding of their potential harmfulness. More in vitro investigations are required to address how the physicochemical properties of NPs guide their engulfment within cells and their intracellular trafficking, fate, and toxicity. These nano-bio interactions have not been extensively addressed yet, especially from a mechanical viewpoint. Cell mechanic is a critical indicator of cell health because it regulates processes like cell migration, tissue integrity, and differentiation via cytoskeleton rearrangements. Here, we investigated in vitro the elasticity perturbation of Caco-2 and A549 cell lines, in terms of Young's modulus modification induced by SiO2NPS and TiO2NPS. TiO2NPs demonstrated stronger effects on cell elasticity compared to SiO2NPs, as they induced significant morphological and morphometric changes in actin network. TiO2NPS increased the elasticity in Caco-2 cells, while opposite effects have been observed on A549 cells. These results demonstrate the existence of a correlation between the alteration of cell elasticity and NPs toxicity that depends, in turn, on the NPs physicochemical properties and the specific cell tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Matteis
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Cascione
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Chiara Cristina Toma
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Paolo Pellegrino
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Loris Rizzello
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ UK
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Mandriota G, Di Corato R, Benedetti M, De Castro F, Fanizzi FP, Rinaldi R. Design and Application of Cisplatin-Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticle Clusters for Smart Chemotherapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:1864-1875. [PMID: 30580523 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges of drug delivery is the development of suitable carriers for therapeutic molecules. In this work, a novel nanoformulation based on superparamagnetic nanoclusters [magnetic nanocrystal clusters (MNCs)] is presented. In order to control the size of the nanoclusters and the density of magnetic cores, several parameters were evaluated and tuned. Then, MNCs were functionalized with a polydopamine layer (MNC@PDO) to improve their stability in aqueous solution, to increase density of functional groups and to obtain a nanosystem suitable for drug-controlled release. Finally, cisplatin was grafted on the surface of MNC@PDO to exploit the system as a magnetic field-guided anticancer delivery system. The biocompatibility of MNC@PDO and the cytotoxic effects of MNC@PDO-cisplatin complex were determined against human cervical cancer (HeLa) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. In vitro studies demonstrated that the MNC@PDO-cisplatin complexes inhibited the cellular proliferation by a dose-dependent effect. Therefore, by applying an external magnetic field, the released drug exerted its effect on a specific target area. In summary, the MNC@PDO nanosystem has a great potential to be used in targeted nanomedicine for the delivery of other drugs or biofunctional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Mandriota
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi" , University of Salento , Via Arnesano , 73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi" , University of Salento , Via Arnesano , 73100 Lecce , Italy
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies (CBN) , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT) , Via Barsanti , Arnesano, 73010 Lecce , Italy
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali , University of Salento , Via Monteroni , I-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Federica De Castro
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali , University of Salento , Via Monteroni , I-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Francesco P Fanizzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali , University of Salento , Via Monteroni , I-73100 Lecce , Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi" , University of Salento , Via Arnesano , 73100 Lecce , Italy
- Scuola Superiore ISUFI , University of Salento , Via Monteroni, University Campus , 73100 Lecce , Italy
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Abstract
Biotechnological advancements have engendered great expectations in patients, changing the very conception of health, which has come to be construed as psycho-physical well-being rather than a mere absence of diseases. The doctor-patient relationship is affected by the dearth of funds allocated for health care. Doctors, however, should make the most out of the meager resources available, while tackling any form of discrimination in access to health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rinaldi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Medico-legal and Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Forensic Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Toma CC, Aloisi A, Bordoni V, Di Corato R, Rauner M, Cuniberti G, Delogu LG, Rinaldi R. Immune Profiling of Polysaccharide Submicron Vesicles. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3560-3571. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara C. Toma
- CNR-NANO (ECMT) Institute of Nanoscience,
Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aloisi
- CNR-IMM Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Monteroni, University Campus, A3 Building, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- CNR-NANO (ECMT) Institute of Nanoscience,
Via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Valentina Bordoni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Lucia G. Delogu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgeri 1, 34134 Trieste, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, corso Stati Uniti 4 35127 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- CNR-IMM Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, Via Monteroni, University Campus, A3 Building, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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