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Khan MM, You Y, Rothenberg DO, Bhatt P, Fahad S, Zhou Y, Zhu ZR. Ecotoxicological insights into the effects of triflumezopyrim on P. fuscipes fitness, detoxification pathways, and gene expression. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 365:143386. [PMID: 39326707 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The primary objective was to evaluate the toxicity of triflumezopyrim (TFP) on P. fuscipes larvae and adults at lethal and sublethal levels through topical application. Sublethal effects were assessed by examining developmental period, fecundity, life-table parameters, and fitness parameters. Enzymatic and transcriptional analyses were conducted to determine the impact of TFP on P. fuscipes physiology and gene expression. The LC50, LC30, and LC10 of TFP against P. fuscipes larvae and adults were lower than the field-recommended dose (48.75 mg a.i. L-1), indicating direct toxicity and sublethal effects during immature stages. Exposure to LC30 of TFP extended developmental periods for 2nd-instar larvae and pupae, reduced oviposition, larval predation efficiency, and body weight in both sexes. Sublethal concentrations affected antioxidant, detoxification, and energy reservoir enzymes significantly. Transcriptional analysis revealed impacts on insecticide detoxification, resistance, and stress-related genes. KEGG analysis showed glycerolipid metabolism is the most regulated pathway, and UGT2B10 regulated several detoxification-related pathways under TFP stress. These findings prompt reconsideration of the role of TFP in paddy field IPM due to its adverse effects on P. fuscipes, emphasizing the importance of assessing its ecological impacts before widespread application in agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Musa Khan
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, 572000, China.
| | - Yuanzheng You
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, 572000, China
| | | | - Pankaj Bhatt
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ying Zhou
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, 572000, China.
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Jin H, Wang C, Jiang W, Li X, Li F, Wu S. Effect of ultraviolet on the environmental adaptability of Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 116:e22141. [PMID: 39137204 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Megalurothrips usitatus Bagnall, an important pest of bean plants, is primarily managed with synthetic insecticides. M. usitatus has developed considerable resistance to various insecticides in multiple cowpea-growing areas in Hainan Province, China, posing challenges to its control in the field. Light control technology is a potentially effective physical control method for M. usitatus. The vision of thrips is highly sensitive to UV light, whereas other biological characteristics remain unknown. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of ultraviolet light on the biological characteristics of M. usitatus. Results showed that the egg, larval, and pupal stages of M. usitatus were significantly shortened, and the emergence rate (79.59%) and adult survival rate (77.95%) were reduced under a devoid of UV light environment (UV-), compared with the full-spectrum light (control treatment group, CK) (p < 0.05). However, the single spawning quantity and total amount of spawning were significantly higher, and the sex ratio (57%) was the highest under UV- (p < 0.05). Single UV light (UV+) only affected the pupation rate. Also, the antioxidant enzymes, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase activities were significantly and negatively correlated with the progression of generations under UV-, whereas catalase and SOD activities were significantly and positively correlated with the progression of generations under UV+. The UV- light conditions significantly interfered with the behavior selection of M. usitatus. The results of this study showed that the adaptability of M. usitatus populations would be greatly reduced in the absence of ultraviolet light, providing a theoretical basis for the control of M. usitatus populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Jin
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou, China
| | - Chaozheng Wang
- Technology Center of Haikou Customs District, Haikou, China
| | - Wayne Jiang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Xia Li
- Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center, Zhumadian City, China
| | - Fen Li
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Danzhou, China
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3
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Tungjitwitayakul J, Suwannakhon N, Tatun N. The impact of UV-C radiation on the sugar metabolism of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum herbst (coleoptera; tenebrionidae). Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:289-295. [PMID: 37707309 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2258199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) is known to induce morphological abnormality in various parts of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, including its wings, antennae, eyes, legs, and reproductive organs. However, little is known about the effects of UV-C on T. castaneum's sugar content and enzyme activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated the concentrations of glucose and trehalose as well as changes in trehalase activity in different developmental stages following UV-C radiation at different exposure periods (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 min). In addition, the larval mortality and body weight were examined. RESULTS A reduction in glucose content was recorded in 10-, 15- and 20-day-old larvae and trehalase enzyme activity was recorded in 5- and 10-day-old larvae, whereas an increase in trehalose content was found in adults irradiated with UV-C. In addition, UV-C radiation for 1-64 min caused larval mortality on the first and subsequent days post-irradiation. Moreover, UV-C irradiated larvae exhibited lower body weight, which aligned with the reduction of trehalase activity and glucose content from days 1-6 post-exposure, and the degree of these reductions corresponded to the exposure times. CONCLUSION UV-C affected sugar content through the reduction of trehalase activity, and glucose declination may cause mortality in T. castaneum; however, further research is needed to provide a better understanding of the impact of UV-C on sugar metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nujira Tatun
- School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
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Parajuli S, Beattie GAC, Holford P, Yang C, Cen Y. Susceptibility of Diaphorina citri to Irradiation with UV-A and UV-B and the Applicability of the Bunsen-Roscoe Reciprocity Law. INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050445. [PMID: 37233073 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Populations of Diaphorina citri decline with elevation and, in a study in Bhutan, were rarely found above 1200 m ASL. The impact of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly UV-B, on immature stages of the psyllid was proposed as limiting factor. As no studies have been undertaken on the influences of UV radiation on the development of D. citri, we examined the effects of UV-A and UV-B on different stadia of the psyllid. In addition, compliance with the Bunsen-Roscoe reciprocity law was examined. Irradiation with UV-A marginally reduced egg hatch and the survival times of emerging nymphs. Early instar nymphs were little affected by this waveband, but the survival of adults was reduced at the higher doses used. With UV-B, egg hatch and the survival times of early and late instar nymphs declined in proportion to UV-B dose. A dose of 57.6 kJ m-2 d-1 reduced the survival time of only adult females. Female fecundity was reduced at high UV-A and UV-B doses but increased at low doses. The Bunsen-Roscoe law held true for eggs and early instar nymphs for different durations and irradiances of UV-B. Eggs and nymphs had ED50 values for UV-B lower than the daily fluxes of this wavelength experienced worldwide. Thus, UV-B could be a factor causing the psyllid to be scarce at high elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Parajuli
- Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application/National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | | | - Paul Holford
- School of Science, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Chuping Yang
- College of Electronic Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yijing Cen
- Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application/National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Huang Z, He L, Sang W, Wang L, Huang Q, Lei C. Potential role of lysine succinylation in the response of moths to artificial light at night stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112334. [PMID: 34020284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a widespread environmental pollutant and stressor. Many nocturnal insects have been shown to experience ALAN stress. However, few studies have been conducted to uncover the mechanism by which nocturnal insects respond to ALAN stress. Previous studies suggest that lysine succinylation (Ksuc) is a potential mechanism that coordinates energy metabolism and antioxidant activity under stressful conditions. Mythimna separata (Walker) (M. separata) is a nocturnal insect that has been stressed by ALAN. In this study, we quantified the relative proteomic Ksuc levels in ALAN-stressed M. separata. Of the 466 identified Ksuc-modified proteins, 103 were hypersuccinylated/desuccinylated in ALAN-stressed moths. The hypersuccinylated/desuccinylated proteins were shown to be involved in various biological processes. In particular, they were enriched in metabolic processes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and the neuromuscular system. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Ksuc might affect moth locomotion by intervening with and coordinating these systems under ALAN stress. These findings suggest that Ksuc plays a vital role in the moth response to ALAN stress and moth locomotion behavior and provide a new perspective on the impact of ALAN on nocturnal insect populations and species communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Li He
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wen Sang
- Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Qiuying Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Chaoliang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Khan MM, Fan ZY, O'Neill Rothenberg D, Peng J, Hafeez M, Chen XY, Pan HP, Wu JH, Qiu BL. Phototoxicity of Ultraviolet-A against the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci and Its Compatibility with an Entomopathogenic Fungus and Whitefly Parasitoid. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2060288. [PMID: 34336086 PMCID: PMC8289603 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2060288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation significantly affects insect life and, as a result, has been widely used to control different invertebrate pests. The current results demonstrate that when Bemisia tabaci first instar nymphs are exposed to UV-A light for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, their developmental and biological parameters are negatively affected by UV-A exposure; the effect increased with an increase in exposure time. We hypothesized that UV-A light is compatible with other biological control agents. Results showed that when the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps fumosorosea was applied to third instar nymphs of B. tabaci previously exposed to UV-A light, the LC50 was 3.4% lower after 72 h of exposure to UV-A light compared to the control. However, when the fungus was exposed to UV-A light, its virulence decreased with an increase in UV-A exposure time. The parasitism rate of Encarsia formosa against 24 h UV-A-exposed third instar nymphs of B. tabaci increased while the adult emergence from parasitized nymphs was not affected after UV-A light exposure. Parasitism rate was significantly reduced however following E. formosa exposure to UV-A light; but again, adult emergence was not affected from parasitized nymphs. The percentage mortality of E. formosa increased with increasing exposure time to UV-A light. The enzyme activity of SOD, CAT, GST, and AChE and the energy reserve contents were negatively affected due to UV-A exposure. Collectively, this study has demonstrated that UV-A light significantly suppresses the immune system of B. tabaci and that UV-A light is compatible with other biological control agents if it is applied separately from the biological agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Musa Khan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ze-Yun Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | | | - Jing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xin-Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui-Peng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian-Hui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bao-Li Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biocontrol, Ministry of Education Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
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7
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Horrocks KJ, Avila GA, Holwell GI, Suckling DM. Irradiation-induced sterility in an egg parasitoid and possible implications for the use of biological control in insect eradication. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12326. [PMID: 34112932 PMCID: PMC8192755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical biological control is a pest control tool involving the release of imported natural enemies. The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) comprises releasing sexually sterile insects of a pest into the wild population for suppression or eradication. Both these approaches are environmentally friendly and their combination can result in a synergistic impact on pest populations and improve eradication. However, stringent regulation surrounding the introduction of biological control agents limits their use in eradication owing to the perceived risk of effects on non-target organisms. We investigated the irradiation biology of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis to ascertain whether sterile parasitoids could mitigate the risk of potential sustained non-target impacts. Mated female T. basalis were gamma-irradiated at doses between 120 and 150 Gy and exposed to egg masses of their host Nezara viridula throughout their lifespans. This resulted in host mortality, despite a substantial reduction in developing parasitoid offspring, which followed a negative dose-response. There was no emergence of parasitoid offspring at 140 Gy and above. Irradiation did not affect oviposition behaviour but caused an increase in longevity. Consequently, sterile parasitoids could possibly alleviate concerns regarding the irreversibility of biological control release, which promotes further investigation of their potential role in eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Jonathan Horrocks
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Gonzalo Andres Avila
- grid.27859.31The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland Mail Centre, Private Bag 92169, Auckland, 1025 New Zealand ,Better Border Biosecurity, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Ian Holwell
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - David Maxwell Suckling
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Biological Sciences, Auckland Mail Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand ,The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Christchurch Mail Centre, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, 8140 New Zealand ,Better Border Biosecurity, Auckland, New Zealand
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Cui H, Zeng Y, Reddy GV, Gao F, Li Z, Zhao Z. UV radiation increases mortality and decreases the antioxidant activity in a tephritid fly. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Cui
- Department of Plant Biosecurity College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Yiying Zeng
- Department of Plant Biosecurity College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Gadi V.P. Reddy
- USDA‐ARS‐Southern Insect Management Research Unit Stoneville MS USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Plant Biosecurity College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Plant Biosecurity College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Zihua Zhao
- Department of Plant Biosecurity College of Plant Protection China Agricultural University Beijing China
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Senevirathna JDM, Asakawa S. Multi-Omics Approaches and Radiation on Lipid Metabolism in Toothed Whales. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:364. [PMID: 33923876 PMCID: PMC8074237 DOI: 10.3390/life11040364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid synthesis pathways of toothed whales have evolved since their movement from the terrestrial to marine environment. The synthesis and function of these endogenous lipids and affecting factors are still little understood. In this review, we focused on different omics approaches and techniques to investigate lipid metabolism and radiation impacts on lipids in toothed whales. The selected literature was screened, and capacities, possibilities, and future approaches for identifying unusual lipid synthesis pathways by omics were evaluated. Omics approaches were categorized into the four major disciplines: lipidomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and proteomics. Genomics and transcriptomics can together identify genes related to unique lipid synthesis. As lipids interact with proteins in the animal body, lipidomics, and proteomics can correlate by creating lipid-binding proteome maps to elucidate metabolism pathways. In lipidomics studies, recent mass spectroscopic methods can address lipid profiles; however, the determination of structures of lipids are challenging. As an environmental stress, the acoustic radiation has a significant effect on the alteration of lipid profiles. Radiation studies in different omics approaches revealed the necessity of multi-omics applications. This review concluded that a combination of many of the omics areas may elucidate the metabolism of lipids and possible hazards on lipids in toothed whales by radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayan D. M. Senevirathna
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka
| | - Shuichi Asakawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan;
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Kim KN, Jo YC, Huang ZJ, Song HS, Ryu KH, Huang QY, Lei CL. Influence of green light illumination at night on biological characteristics of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 110:136-143. [PMID: 31203829 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485319000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata is an important crop pest in eastern Asia. Nocturnal insects, including nocturnal moths, have phototactic behavior to an artificial light source. Phototactic behavior in insects is species-specific in response to different wavelengths of light sources. Our previous study showed that green (520 nm) light emitting diode (LED) light resulted in a significantly higher phototactic behavior in M. separata moths compared to the other wavelength LED lights. The goal of the present study is to investigate the influence of green light illumination on biological characteristics of different developmental stages in M. separata. Our results revealed that when different developmental stages of M. separata were exposed to the green light illumination in a dark period, several biological characteristics in all developmental stages except for egg stage were positively changed, but those of F1 generation M. separata which are next generation of the adults exposed to the green light did not significantly change compared with the control level. These findings suggest that green light illumination at night (or dark period) has a positive effect on the development and longevity of M. separata.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-N Kim
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Institute for Biodiversity, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Y-C Jo
- Institute of Zoology, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Z-J Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hye-Seng Song
- Institute for Biodiversity, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Ryu
- Institute for Biodiversity, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Q-Y Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - C-L Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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11
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The Effect of Longwave Ultraviolet Light Radiation on Dendrolimus tabulaeformis Antioxidant and Detoxifying Enzymes. INSECTS 2019; 11:insects11010001. [PMID: 31861292 PMCID: PMC7022865 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Longwave ultraviolet (UVA) light, in the range of 315-400 nm, has been widely used as a light source in the light trapping of insect pests. Previous studies have demonstrated the oxidative stress and lethal effect of UV radiation on insects. In this study, we evaluated the influence of UVA radiation on the antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes of Dendrolimus tabulaeformis. We tested the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroxyl radical (·OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSH) following different exposure time periods of UVA light irradiation on D. tabulaeformis adults. In addition, we investigated how the activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes responded to UVA radiation by determining the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CarE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and acid phosphatase (ACP). Adults were exposed to UVA light for different time periods (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min). We found that exposure to UVA light for 5 min resulted in rapid variation in the activities of the antioxidant and detoxification enzyme systems. However, the antioxidant capacity of females was incongruous with that of males following UVA irradiation. Our results confirmed that UVA light irradiation increased the level of oxidative stress and disturbed physiological detoxification in D. tabulaeformis adults. Based on the above results, we anticipated that further research of the mechanism of UVA irradiation on the antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes of D. tabulaeformis would gain more importance, allowing to develop and use new, less toxic and environmentally friendly pesticides.
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12
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Kim KN, Huang QY, Lei CL. Advances in insect phototaxis and application to pest management: a review. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:3135-3143. [PMID: 31251458 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many insects, especially nocturnal insects, exhibit positive phototaxis to artificial lights. Light traps are currently used to monitor and manage insect pest populations, and play a crucial role in physical pest control. Efficient use of light traps to attract target insect pests is an important topic in the application of integrated pest management (IPM). Phototactic responses of insects vary among species, light characteristics and the physiological status of the insects. In addition, light can cause several biological responses, including biochemical, physiological, molecular and fitness changes in insects. In this review, we discuss several hypotheses on insect phototaxis, factors affecting insect phototaxis, insect-sensitive wavelengths, biological responses of insects to light, and countermeasures for conserving beneficial insects and increasing the effect of trapping. In addition, we provide information on the different sensitivities to wavelengths causing positive phototactic behavior in > 70 insect pest and beneficial insect species. The use of advanced light traps equipped with superior light sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), will make physical pest control in IPM more efficient. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kil-Nam Kim
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Institute for Biodiversity, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic Korea
| | - Qiu-Ying Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao-Liang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Kim KN, Yun CN, Sin UC, Huang ZJ, Huang QY, Lei CL. Green light and light stress in moth: influence on antioxidant enzymes in the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:35176-35183. [PMID: 30328544 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, light traps equipped with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been widely applied for controlling nocturnal pest moths. The oriental armyworm, known as Mythimna separata Walker, is an important insect pest in eastern Asia. The present study aimed to evaluate an influence of green light irradiation on antioxidant enzymes and light stress in M. separata adults. We determined total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and an activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in the moth bodies according to an exposure time (0 to 180 min) of a green LED light. By our results, we suggested that the green (520 nm) LED light irradiation could induce a weak oxidative stress in M. separata adult moths, and the moths under the green light could restore the damage caused by this light stress. Additionally, we proposed that the adaptive ability to the light stress varied between the moths of different sexes. Our results may provide a theoretical and scientific basis for elucidating a reason of the phototactic behavior of nocturnal moths, including M. separata adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kil-Nam Kim
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Institute for Biodiversity, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Chol-Nam Yun
- The Institute for Biodiversity, State Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Chol Sin
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Pyong yang Medical College, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Zhi-Juan Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Chao-Liang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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14
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Li Z, Parajulee MN, Chen F. Influence of elevated CO 2 on development and food utilization of armyworm Mythimna separata fed on transgenic Bt maize infected by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5138. [PMID: 30002971 PMCID: PMC6035865 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bt crops will face a new ecological risk of reduced effectiveness against target-insect pests owing to the general decrease in exogenous-toxin content in Bt crops grown under elevated carbon dioxide (CO2). The method chosen to deal with this issue may affect the sustainability of transgenic crops as an effective pest management tool, especially under future atmospheric CO2 level raising. METHODS In this study, rhizobacterias, as being one potential biological regulator to enhance nitrogen utilization efficiency of crops, was selected and the effects of Bt maize (Line IE09S034 with Cry1Ie vs. its parental line of non-Bt maize Xianyu 335) infected by Azospirillum brasilense (AB) and Azotobacter chroococcum (AC) on the development and food utilization of the target Mythimna separate under ambient and double-ambient CO2 in open-top chambers from 2016 to 2017. RESULTS The results indicated that rhizobacteria infection significantly increased the larval life-span, pupal duration, relative consumption rate and approximate digestibility of M. separata, and significantly decreased the pupation rate, pupal weight, adult longevity, fecundity, relative growth rate, efficiency of conversion of digested food and efficiency of conversion of ingested food of M. separata fed on Bt maize, while here were opposite trends in development and food utilization of M. separata fed on non-Bt maize infected with AB and AC compared with the control buffer in 2016 and 2017 regardless of CO2 level. DISCUSSION Simultaneously, elevated CO2 and Bt maize both had negative influence on the development and food utilization of M. separata. Presumably, CO2 concentration arising in future significantly can increase their intake of food and harm to maize crop; however, Bt maize infected with rhizobacterias can reduce the field hazards from M. separata and the application of rhizobacteria infection can enhance the resistance of Bt maize against target lepidoptera pests especially under elevated CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Li
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Megha N. Parajulee
- AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Texas A&M University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Fajun Chen
- Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Wang L, Liu X, Liu Z, Wang X, Lei C, Zhu F. Members of the neuropeptide transcriptional network in Helicoverpa armigera and their expression in response to light stress. Gene 2018; 671:67-77. [PMID: 29787823 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptides and peptide hormones play central roles in the regulation of various types of insect physiology and behavior. Artificial light at night, a form of environmental stress, has recently been regarded as a source of light stress on nocturnal insects. Because related genomic information is not available, molecular biological studies on the response of neuropeptides in nocturnal insects to light stress are limited. Based on the de novo sequencing of the Helicoverpa armigera head transcriptome, we obtained 124,960 unigenes. Of these, the number of unigenes annotated as neuropeptides and peptide hormones, neurotransmitter precursor processing enzymes, and neurotransmitter receptors were 34, 17, and 58, respectively. Under light stress, there were sex-specific differences in gene expression measured by qRT-PCR. The IMFamide, leucokinin and sNPF genes were differentially expressed at the mRNA level in males but not in females in response to light stress. The results provide new insights on the diversity of the neuropeptide transcriptional network of H. armigera. In addition, some neuropeptides exhibited sex-specific differential expression in response to light stress. Taken collectively, these results not only expand the catalog of known insect neuropeptides but also provide a framework for future functional studies on the physiological roles they play in the light stress response behavior of nocturnal moths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Zhengxing Liu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Chaoliang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Fen Zhu
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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16
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Vrba P, Zapletalová L, Zapletal M, Konvička M. Pre-winter larval activity and feeding behavior of Erebia aethiops and E. cassioides in Austrian Alps. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Lihuang K, Zhang Z, Kim K, Huang Q, Lei C. Antennal and behavioral responses of Mythimna separata (Walker) to three plant volatiles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:24953-24964. [PMID: 28918497 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata, is distributed widely in eastern Asia and Australia. The response of M.separata to 27 compounds identified from plant volatiles was determined from electroantennography (EAG) and wind tunnel results, which allowed an evaluation of the possible plant volatile compounds. The highest EAG values of males were elicited by trans-2,cis-6-nonadienal, and virgin females by benzyl alcohol. The amplitude in EAG dose-response was in the range of 0.24 to 2.87 mV. In the wind tunnel bioassays, significantly more females showed behavioral responses to wilting leaves and headspace collection of Pterocarya stenoptera rather than control. In addition, significantly more females flew upwind with beta-ocimene compared with the control. The number of females that landed at the source with cis-3-hexen-1-ol, phenylethyl alcohol, trans-2-nonenal, and 2-pentylfuran was significantly different from the number that moved towards control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimei Lihuang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables, College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, Hubei, 432000, China
| | - Kilnam Kim
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Qiuying Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Chaoliang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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Jin SE, Hwang W, Lee HJ, Jin HE. Dual UV irradiation-based metal oxide nanoparticles for enhanced antimicrobial activity in Escherichia coli and M13 bacteriophage. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:8057-8070. [PMID: 29138562 PMCID: PMC5677303 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s144236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles have been studied as nano-antibiotics due to their antimicrobial activities even in antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. We hypothesized that a hybrid system of dual UV irradiation and MO nanoparticles would have enhanced antimicrobial activities compared with UV or MO nanoparticles alone. In this study, nanoparticles of ZnO, ZnTiO3, MgO, and CuO were selected as model nanoparticles. A dual UV collimated beam device of UV-A and UV-C was developed depending upon the lamp divided by coating. Physicochemical properties of MO nanoparticles were determined using powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, and field emission-scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy with an electrostatic force microscopy mode was used to confirm the surface topology and electrostatic characteristics after dual UV irradiation. For antimicrobial activity test, MO nanoparticles under dual UV irradiation were applied to Escherichia coli and M13 bacteriophage (phage). The UV-A and UV-C showed differential intensities in the coated and uncoated areas (UV-A, coated = uncoated; UV-C, coated ≪ uncoated). MO nanoparticles showed sharp peaks in PXRD patterns, matched to pure materials. Their primary particle sizes were less than 100 nm with irregular shapes, which had an 8.6~25.6 m2/g of specific surface area with mesopores of 22~262 nm. The electrostatic properties of MO nanoparticles were modulated after UV irradiation. ZnO, MgO, and CuO nanoparticles, except ZnTiO3 nanoparticles, showed antibacterial effects on E. coli. Antimicrobial effects on E. coli and phages were also enhanced after cyclic exposure of dual UV and MO nanoparticle treatment using the uncoated area, except ZnO nanoparticles. Our results demonstrate that dual UV-MO nanoparticle hybrid system has a potential for disinfection. We anticipate that it can be developed as a next-generation disinfection system in pharmaceutical industries and water purification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Eon Jin
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon
| | | | - Hyo Jung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Eon Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
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Duan Y, Gong Z, Wu R, Miao J, Jiang Y, Li T, Wu X, Wu Y. Transcriptome analysis of molecular mechanisms responsible for light-stress response in Mythimna separata (Walker). Sci Rep 2017; 7:45188. [PMID: 28345615 PMCID: PMC5367045 DOI: 10.1038/srep45188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is an important environmental signal for most insects. The Oriental Armyworm, Mythimna separata, is a serious pest of cereal crops worldwide, and is highly sensitive to light signals during its developmental and reproductive stages. However, molecular biological studies of its response to light stress are scarce, and related genomic information is not available. In this study, we sequenced and de novo assembled the transcriptomes of M. separata exposed to four different light conditions: dark, white light (WL), UV light (UVL) and yellow light (YL). A total of 46,327 unigenes with an average size of 571 base pairs (bp) were obtained, among which 24,344 (52.55%) matched to public databases. The numbers of genes differentially expressed between dark vs WL, dark vs UVL, dark vs YL, and UVL vs YL were 12,012, 12,950, 14,855, and 13,504, respectively. These results suggest that light exposure altered gene expression patterns in M. separata. Putative genes involved in phototransduction-fly, phototransduction, circadian rhythm-fly, olfactory transduction, and taste transduction were identified. This study thus identified a series of candidate genes and pathways potentially related to light stress in M. separata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Duan
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - ZhongJun Gong
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - RenHai Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jin Miao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - YueLi Jiang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - XiaoBo Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - YuQing Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan Province, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Region of North China, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Ali A, Rashid MA, Huang QY, Lei CL. Influence of UV-A radiation on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8392-8398. [PMID: 28185177 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8514-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress factors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation, significantly affect insect life. UV-A radiation (320-400 nm) has been widely used for insect control since it increases the production of ROS and causes oxidative cell damage. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of UV-A irradiation on an important pest in China, the ear-cutting caterpillar, Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). We exposed 3-day-old M. separata adults to UV-A radiation for different periods of time (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min) and evaluated the resulting total antioxidant capacity and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase. The total antioxidant capacity significantly increased after exposure to UV-A radiation for 60 min but decreased after 90 and 120 min of exposure, compared with the control. The antioxidant activity of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase increased after 60-min exposure, and it was decreased at the longest exposure period 120 min. The longest exposure time period relatively activates the xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes like glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase enzymes. The longest duration of UV-A radiation may cooperate with pesticide detoxification mechanism in insects, making them more susceptible to insecticides. Our results demonstrated that UV irradiation causes oxidative stress, affects the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and disturbs the physiology of M. separata adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Adnan Rashid
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Ying Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao-Liang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
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