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Bueno-Silva B, Kiausinus KR, Gonçalves FJDS, Moreira MVC, de Oliveira EG, Brugnera Junior A, Feres M, Figueiredo LC. Antimicrobial activity of Desplac® oral gel in the subgingival multispecies biofilm formation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1122051. [PMID: 37260680 PMCID: PMC10227524 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1122051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products are well-known due to their antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Desplac® product (composed of Aloe Vera, Propolis Extract, Green Tea, Cranberry, and Calendula) on the subgingival biofilm. Two different protocols were used to treat the 33-species biofilms: (A) 2×/day (12/12 h) for 1 min with Desplac® or Noplak Toothpaste (Chlorhexidine + Cetylpyridinium Chloride) or Oral B ProGengiva (stannous Fluoride) or a placebo gel; (B) a 12-h use of the Desplac® product or 0.12% chlorhexidine gel or a placebo gel. After 7 days of biofilm formation, the metabolic activity (MA) and biofilm profile were determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride and Checker-board DNA-DNA hybridization, respectively. Statistical analysis used the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post-hoc. In protocol A, all treatments presented reduced MA compared to the placebo (p ≤ 0.05). The Desplac®-treated biofilm showed a similar microbial profile to other antimicrobials, although with higher bacterial total counts. In protocol B, MA of Desplac®-treated biofilms was lower than the placebo's MA but higher than chlorhexidine-treated biofilms (p ≤ 0.05). Pathogen levels in Desplac®-treated biofilms were lower than in placebo-treated biofilms and elevated compared to the chlorhexidine-treated biofilms (p ≤ 0.05). Desplac® inhibited the biofilm development and disrupted the mature subgingival biofilm, highlighting its effect on Tannerella forsythia counts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aldo Brugnera Junior
- Education College of the European Master in Oral Laser Application (EMDOLA), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Research Collaborator at the IFSC-University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Brazil
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Idir F, Van Ginneken S, Coppola GA, Grenier D, Steenackers HP, Bendali F. Origanum vulgare ethanolic extracts as a promising source of compounds with antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and anti-virulence activity against dental plaque bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:999839. [PMID: 36406439 PMCID: PMC9668103 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.999839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries and periodontal diseases remain a challenge for oral health, especially given the lack of effective and safe treatment options that are currently available. Against the backdrop of an ongoing antimicrobial resistance crisis, a renewed interest in traditional medicinal plants as a potential source of new bioactive compounds has surfaced. In this context, we systematically screened the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of both ethanolic and aqueous extracts of nine Algerian medicinal plants (Artemisia herba alba, Centaurium erythraea, Juglans regia, Laurus nobilis, Matricaria recutita, Mentha pulegium, Mentha piperita, Origanum vulgare and Taraxacum officinale). To evaluate the activity spectrum of the extracts, the screening was carried out against an extensive collection of Streptococcus, Enterococcus and Lacticaseibacillus isolates recovered from dental plaques of Algerian patients. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties were observed, especially among ethanolic extracts, which marks them as a promising source for bioactive compounds to control oral biofilms. The ethanolic extract of O. vulgare, which showed the most promising effects in the initial screening, was further characterized. We first verified the biocompatibility of this extract using human oral keratinocytes and selected a range of non-cytotoxic concentrations (0.195-0.781 mg/ml) to further validate its anti-biofilm and anti-virulence potential. At these concentrations, the extract not only prevented biofilm formation (10.04 ± 0.75-87.91 ± 9.08% of reduction) of most dental plaque isolates on a polystyrene surface, but also significantly reduced their adherence to hydroxyapatite (34.58 ± 9.09-62.77 ± 0.95%). Moreover, the extract showed curative potential against mature biofilms grown under conditions mimicking the oral niche. In addition to its anti-biofilm properties, we observed an inhibition of glucosyltransferase activity, a reduction in acidogenesis and a downregulation in the expression of multiple virulence-associated genes for extract-treated samples. Since anti-virulence properties are more robust to the development of resistance, they provide an attractive complementation to the antimicrobial activities of the extract. Thymol was identified as an important active compound of the extract using GC-MS analysis, but synergy with other compounds was also detected, suggesting a potential advantage of using the whole extract over purified thymol. Further research into the bioactive compounds of the O. vulgare ethanolic extract could yield novel products to fight dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Idir
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Sybren Van Ginneken
- MiCA Lab, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Daniel Grenier
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Hans P. Steenackers
- MiCA Lab, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,*Correspondence: Hans Steenackers,
| | - Farida Bendali
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria,Farida Bendali,
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Madrigal-Santillán E, Portillo-Reyes J, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Izquierdo-Vega J, Delgado-Olivares L, Vargas-Mendoza N, Álvarez-González I, Morales-González Á, Morales-González JA. Opuntia spp. in Human Health: A Comprehensive Summary on Its Pharmacological, Therapeutic and Preventive Properties. Part 2. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11182333. [PMID: 36145735 PMCID: PMC9505094 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plants of the genus Opuntia spp are widely distributed in Africa, Asia, Australia and America. Specifically, Mexico has the largest number of wild species; mainly O. streptacantha, O. hyptiacantha, O. albicarpa, O. megacantha and O. ficus-indica. The latter being the most cultivated and domesticated species. Its main bioactive compounds include pigments (carotenoids, betalains and betacyanins), vitamins, flavonoids (isorhamnetin, kaempferol, quercetin) and phenolic compounds. Together, they favor the different plant parts and are considered phytochemically important and associated with control, progression and prevention of some chronic and infectious diseases. Part 1 collected information on its preventive actions against atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity, hepatoprotection, effects on human infertility and chemopreventive capacity. Now, this second review (Part 2), compiles the data from published research (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) on its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, antimicrobial, antiviral potential and in the treatment of skin wounds. The aim of both reviews is to provide scientific evidences of its beneficial properties and to encourage health professionals and researchers to expand studies on the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Opuntia spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
- Correspondence: (E.M.-S.); (J.A.M.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-5729-6300 (ext. 62753) (E.M.-S.)
| | - Jacqueline Portillo-Reyes
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Jeannett A. Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Julieta Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Luis Delgado-Olivares
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Nancy Vargas-Mendoza
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - José A. Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
- Correspondence: (E.M.-S.); (J.A.M.-G.); Tel.: +52-55-5729-6300 (ext. 62753) (E.M.-S.)
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Millones Gómez PA, Tay Chu Jon LY, Maurtua Torres DJ, Bacilio Amaranto RE, Collantes Díaz IE, Minchón Medina CA, Calla Choque JS. Antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities and chemical compositions of Peruvian propolis in an in vitro oral biofilm. F1000Res 2022; 10:1093. [PMID: 34853678 PMCID: PMC8613507 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.73602.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural products with antibacterial potential have begun to be tested on biofilm models, bringing us closer to understanding the response generated by the complex microbial ecosystems of the oral cavity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities and chemical compositions of Peruvian propolis in an
in vitro biofilm of
Streptococcus gordonii and
Fusobacterium nucleatum. Methods: The experimental work involved a consecutive,
in vitro, longitudinal, and double-blinded study design. Propolis samples were collected from 13 different regions of the Peruvian Andes. The disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test. The cytotoxic effect of propolis on human gingival fibroblasts was determined by cell viability method using the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, and the effect of propolis on the biofilm was evaluated by confocal microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: The 0.78 mg/mL and 1.563 mg/mL concentrations of the methanolic fraction of the chloroform residue of Oxapampa propolis showed effects on biofilm thickness and the copy numbers of the
srtA gene of
S. gordonii and the
radD gene of
F. nucleatum at 48 and 120 hours, and chromatography (UV, λ 280 nm) identified rhamnocitrin, isorhamnetin, apigenin, kaempferol, diosmetin, acacetin, glycerol, and chrysoeriol. Conclusions: Of the 13 propolis evaluated, it was found that only the methanolic fraction of Oxapampa propolis showed antibacterial and antibiofilm effects without causing damage to human gingival fibroblasts. Likewise, when evaluating the chemical composition of this fraction, eight flavonoids were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Alejandro Millones Gómez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, 14000, Peru.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, 07001, Peru
| | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Alberto Minchón Medina
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, 13001, Peru
| | - Jaeson Santos Calla Choque
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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Vardeman E, Vandebroek I. Caribbean Women's Health and Transnational Ethnobotany. ECONOMIC BOTANY 2021; 76:205-226. [PMID: 34522053 PMCID: PMC8432280 DOI: 10.1007/s12231-021-09526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Caribbean Women's Health and Transnational Ethnobotany. Immigrants from the Dominican Republic (DR) and Haiti are among the top foreign-born communities in New York City (NYC). As people migrate to new countries, they bring their ethnomedical beliefs and practices, and adapt their plant pharmacopoeias. Haiti and the DR share a flora on the island of Hispaniola. In NYC, the flora is limited to what is available in the city. We selected plants for future laboratory research based on ethnobotanical data from two surveys among Dominicans in the DR and NYC, and a Haitian literature review. In both Dominican datasets, gynecological infections were the top women's health condition treated with plants. We identified 10 species for this purpose reported by Dominicans that are also known medicines in Haitian culture, although not yet documented for women's health. Plants for gynecological infections potentially cause dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota, and may increase rather than prevent disease. There is a public health need to assess traditional medicines for their ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, while causing minimal disruption to the vaginal flora. Several species are known antibacterials, but remain to be tested for their efficacy. These results also provide a foundation for a planned ethnobotanical survey among NYC Haitian women. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12231-021-09526-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Vardeman
- The New York Botanical Garden, Institute of Economic Botany, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10458 USA
- City University of New York, Graduate Center, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Ina Vandebroek
- The New York Botanical Garden, Institute of Economic Botany, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10458 USA
- City University of New York, Graduate Center, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA
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Teixeira AM, Sousa C. A Review on the Biological Activity of Camellia Species. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082178. [PMID: 33918918 PMCID: PMC8069326 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used since antiquity to cure illnesses and injuries. In the last few decades, natural compounds extracted from plants have garnered the attention of scientists and the Camellia species are no exception. Several species and cultivars are widespread in Asia, namely in China, Japan, Vietnam and India, being also identified in western countries like Portugal. Tea and oil are the most valuable and appreciated Camellia subproducts extracted from Camellia sinensis and Camellia oleifera, respectively. The economic impact of these species has boosted the search for additional information about the Camellia genus. Many studies can be found in the literature reporting the health benefits of several Camellia species, namely C. sinensis, C. oleifera and Camellia japonica. These species have been highlighted as possessing antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral) and antitumoral activity and as being a huge source of polyphenols such as the catechins. Particularly, epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), and specially epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenols of green tea. This paper presents a detailed review of Camellia species’ antioxidant properties and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Teixeira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-290 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Clara Sousa
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Miranda SLF, Damasceno JT, Faveri M, Figueiredo L, da Silva HD, Alencar SMDA, Rosalen PL, Feres M, Bueno-Silva B. Brazilian red propolis reduces orange-complex periodontopathogens growing in multispecies biofilms. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:308-319. [PMID: 31014106 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1598976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the antimicrobial effects of the ethanolic extract of Brazilian red propolis (BRP) on multispecies biofilms. A seven-day-old subgingival biofilm with 32 species was grown in a Calgary device. Biofilms were treated with BRP (1,600, 800, 400 and 200 μg ml-1) twice a day for 1 min, starting from day 3. Chlorhexidine (0.12%) and dilution-vehicle were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. On day 7, metabolic activity and the microbial composition of the biofilms by DNA-DNA hybridization were determined. The viability data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc, whereas the microbial composition data were transformed via BOX-COX and analyzed using Dunnett's post hoc. BRP (1,600 μg ml-1) decreased biofilm metabolic activity by 45%, with no significant difference from chlorhexidine-treated samples. BRP (1,600 μg ml-1) and chlorhexidine significantly reduced levels of 14 bacterial species compared to the vehicle control. Taken together, BRP showed promising antimicrobial properties which may be useful in periodontal disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Faveri
- a Dental Research Division , Guarulhos University , Guarulhos , SP , Brazil
| | - Luciene Figueiredo
- a Dental Research Division , Guarulhos University , Guarulhos , SP , Brazil
| | | | | | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- c Department of Physiological Sciences , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , SP , Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- a Dental Research Division , Guarulhos University , Guarulhos , SP , Brazil
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- a Dental Research Division , Guarulhos University , Guarulhos , SP , Brazil
- c Department of Physiological Sciences , Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Piracicaba , SP , Brazil
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Orrù G, Demontis C, Mameli A, Tuveri E, Coni P, Pichiri G, Coghe F, Rosa A, Rossi P, D'hallewin G. The Selective Interaction of Pistacia lentiscus Oil vs. Human Streptococci, an Old Functional Food Revisited with New Tools. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2067. [PMID: 29114245 PMCID: PMC5660700 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus berry oil (LBO) represents a typical vegetal product of the Mediterranean basin that has been formally used in traditional cuisine for 100s of years. In addition to its interesting alimentary properties, this product could represent an interesting candidate in the field of research on the study of new anti-infective agents. In fact, in Mediterranean countries, lentisk oil still continues to be widely used in folk medicine for oral and skin affections, in particular, acute gingivitis, pediatric skin infections such as impetigo and foot plaques, and biofilm related infections often associated with Streptococcus spp. Following these observations, we have hypothesized a “lentisk oil-bacteria” interaction, placing particular emphasis on the different Streptococcal species involved in these oral and skin diseases. In accordance with this hypothesis, the use of standard antimicrobial-antibiofilm methods (MIC, MBC, MBIC) allowed the interesting behavior of these bacteria to be observed and, in this context, the response to lentisk oil appears to be correlated with the pathogenic profile of the considered microorganism. Two probiotic strains of S. salivarius K12/M18 appeared to be non-sensitive to this product, while a set of five different pathogenic strains (S. agalactiae, S. intermedius, S. mitis, S. mutans, S. pyogenes) showed a response that was correlated to the fatty acid metabolic pathway of the considered species. In fact, at different times of bacteria development, selective High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis of the growth medium containing LBO detected a significant increase in free unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in particular oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids, which are already known for their antibacterial activity. In this context, we have hypothesized that LBO could be able to modulate the pathogen/probiotic rate in a Streptococcal population using the fatty acid metabolic pathway to help the probiotic strain. This hypothesis was strengthened by performing antibacterial testing with oleic acid and an in silico evaluation of the Streptococcal MCRA protein, an enzyme involved in the production of saturated fatty acids from UFA. These results show that LBO may have been used in ancient times as a “natural microbial modulating extract” in the prevention of biofilm- associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Orrù
- Molecular Biology Service, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cristina Demontis
- Molecular Biology Service, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonello Mameli
- Molecular Biology Service, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrica Tuveri
- Molecular Biology Service, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Coni
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Pichiri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Coghe
- University Hospital Laboratory Services, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonella Rosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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