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Wang L, Liu M, Ren S, Li X, Chen Z, Wang M, Chen T, Yang J. Recent advance for NO removal with carbonaceous material for low-temperature NH3-SCR reaction. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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2
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Engineering single-atom Pd sites in ZIF-derived porous Co3O4 for enhanced elementary mercury removal. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.123050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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3
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Yang S, Li Z, Yan K, Zhang X, Xu Z, Liu W, Liu Z, Liu H. Removing and recycling mercury from scrubbing solution produced in wet nonferrous metal smelting flue gas purification process. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 103:59-68. [PMID: 33743919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wet purification technology for nonferrous metal smelting flue gas is important for mercury removal; however, this technology produces a large amounts of spent scrubbing solution that contain mercury. The mercury in these scrubbing solutions pose a great threat to the environment. Therefore, this research provides a novel strategy for removing and recycling mercury from the scrubbing solution, which is significant for decreasing mercury pollution while also allowing for the safe disposal of wastewater and a stable supply of mercury resources. Some critical parameters for the electrochemical reduction of mercury were studied in detail. Additionally, the electrodeposition dynamics and electroreduction mechanism for mercury were evaluated. Results suggested that over 92.4% of mercury could be removed from the scrubbing solution in the form of a Hg-Cu alloy under optimal conditions within 150 min and with a current efficiency of approximately 75%. Additionally, mercury electrodeposition was a quasi-reversible process, and the controlled step was the mass transport of the reactant. A pre-conversion step from Hg(Tu)42+ to Hg(Tu)32+ before mercury electroreduction was necessary. Then, the formed Hg(Tu)32+ on the cathode surface gained electrons step by step. After electrodeposition, the mercury in the spent cathode could be recycled by thermal desorption. The results of the electrochemical reduction of mercury and subsequent recycling provides a practical and easy-to-adopt alternative for recycling mercury resources and decreasing mercury contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Kang Yan
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhifeng Xu
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Wanrong Liu
- Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Zhilou Liu
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China; Institute of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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Sun X, Ji L, Huang W, Li Z, Liao Y, Xiao K, Zhu X, Xu H, Feng J, Feng S, Qu Z, Yan N. Production of H 2S with a Novel Short-Process for the Removal of Heavy Metals in Acidic Effluents from Smelting Flue-Gas Scrubbing Systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3988-3995. [PMID: 33666416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Direct sulfidation using a high concentration of H2S (HC-H2S) has shown potential for heavy metals removal in various acidic effluents. However, the lack of a smooth method for producing HC-H2S is a critical challenge. Herein, a novel short-process hydrolysis method was developed for the on-site production of HC-H2S. Near-perfect 100% efficiency and selectivity were obtained via CS2 hydrolysis over the ZrO2-based catalyst. Meanwhile, no apparent residual sulfur/sulfate poisoning was detected, which guaranteed long-term operation. The coexistence of CO2 in the products had a negligible effect on the complete hydrolysis of CS2. H2S production followed a sequential hydrolysis pathway, with the reactions for CS2 adsorption and dissociation being the rate-determining steps. The energy balance indicated that HC-H2S production was a mildly exothermic reaction, and the heat energy could be maintained at self-balance with approximately 80% heat recovery. The batch sulfidation efficiencies for As(III), Hg(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) removal were over 99.9%, following the solubilities (Ksp) of the corresponding metal sulfides. CO2 in the mixed gas produced by CS2 hydrolysis did not affect heavy metals sulfidation due to the presence of abundant H+. Finally, a pilot-scale experiment successfully demonstrated the practical effects. Therefore, this novel on-site HC-H2S production method adequately achieved heavy metals removal requirements in acidic effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Leipeng Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zihao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Liao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter LLC., Henan 472100, China
| | - Xingrong Zhu
- Henan Zhongyuan Gold Smelter LLC., Henan 472100, China
| | - Haomiao Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Nantong Sunshine Graphite Equipment Sci-Tech. LLC., Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Shengjun Feng
- Nantong Sunshine Graphite Equipment Sci-Tech. LLC., Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Zan Qu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Naiqiang Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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5
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Nagappan S, Tsai PC, Devendran S, Alagarsamy V, Ponnusamy VK. Enhancement of biofuel production by microalgae using cement flue gas as substrate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:17571-17586. [PMID: 31512119 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06425-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The cement industry generates a substantial amount of gaseous pollutants that cannot be treated efficiently and economically using standard techniques. Microalgae, a promising bioremediation and biodegradation agent used as feedstock for biofuel production, can be used for the biotreatment of cement flue gas. In specific, components of cement flue gas such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and sulfur oxides are shown to serve as nutrients for microalgae. Microalgae also have the capacity to sequestrate heavy metals present in cement kiln dust, adding further benefits. This work provides an extensive overview of multiple approaches taken in the inclusion of microalgae biofuel production in the cement sector. In addition, factors influencing the production of microalgal biomass are also described in such an integrated plant. In addition, process limitations such as the adverse impact of flue gas on medium pH, exhaust gas toxicity, and efficient delivery of carbon dioxide to media are also discussed. Finally, the article concludes by proposing the future potential for incorporating the microalgae biofuel plant into the cement sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Nagappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous - Affiliated to Anna University), Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, 602 117, India
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Saravanan Devendran
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Vardhini Alagarsamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous - Affiliated to Anna University), Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, 602 117, India
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shiquan 1st Road, Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
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6
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Liu Z, Li Z, Xie X, Yang S, Fei J, Li Y, Xu Z, Liu H. Development of Recyclable Iron Sulfide/Selenide Microparticles with High Performance for Elemental Mercury Capture from Smelting Flue Gas over a Wide Temperature Range. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:604-612. [PMID: 31789509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast and effective removal of elemental mercury in a wide temperature range is critical for the smelting industry. In this work, a recyclable magnetic iron sulfide/selenide sorbent is developed to capture and recover Hg0 from smelting flue gas. Benefiting from Se doping, the Hg0 capture performance of prepared FeSxSey is significantly enhanced compared with traditional iron sulfide, especially at high temperatures. Considering the recyclability and working temperature, FeS1.32Se0.11 exhibits the best Hg0 capture performance. The average capture rate of FeS1.32Se0.11 is 3.661 μg/g/min at 80 °C and its saturation adsorption capacity is 20.216 mg/g. The flue gas compositions have almost no effect on Hg0 capture. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and mercury thermal programmed desorption suggest that the stable active Se-Sn2- adsorption site can combine with Hg0 to form HgSe, consequently improving Hg0 capture performance at high temperatures. After Hg0 capture, the spent FeSxSey can be collected by magnetic separation and regenerated through selective extraction, which facilitates harmless treatment and resource reuse of mercury. With the advantages of excellent Hg0 capture performance, wide operating temperature range, and remarkable recycling property, FeSxSey microparticles may be a promising sorbent for Hg0 capture in industrial applications, while opening a new avenue to realize the resource utilization toward toxic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilou Liu
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shu Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiangchi Fei
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuhu Li
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Zhifeng Xu
- School of Metallurgy Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
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7
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Yang Z, Li K, Zeng W, Li B, Liu S. Design and analysis of a novel furnace throat for removing dust particles in flue gas emitted from copper smelting furnace by a computational method. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:27180-27197. [PMID: 31321718 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05866-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel furnace throat structure was designed to reduce dust particle concentration in the flue gas emitted from the copper smelting industry. A two-stage turbulence model of the furnace throat based on the RNG k-ε model combined with the stochastic trajectory model was developed to analyze the gas flow and particle trajectories in this furnace throat structure. The resulting turbulent flow fields and particle trajectories under different operating conditions were shown and discussed. It indicates that the furnace throat plays an important role in separating the dust particles from the flue gas by applying centrifugal force and subsequent resistance force. Moreover, the effects of the radius of the inner flue, the number of the spiral plate, and the number of the spiral plate turns on the particle collection efficiency were analyzed to optimize the throat structure. The simulation results show that the furnace throat with inner flue radius of 0.05 m, two spiral plates, and two spiral plate turns has the highest particle collection efficiency. Furthermore, a series of experimental tests were conducted to validate the accuracy of the simulation results, and the measured experimental data show a good correlation with the numerical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Ken Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Weizhi Zeng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Bo Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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8
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Ma Y, Mu B, Zhang X, Zhang H, Xu H, Qu Z, Gao L. Hierarchical Ag-SiO 2@Fe 3O 4 magnetic composites for elemental mercury removal from non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 79:111-120. [PMID: 30784437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical Ag-SiO2@Fe3O4 magnetic composites were selected for elemental mercury (Hg0) removal from non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas in this study. Results showed that the hierarchical Ag-SiO2@Fe3O4 magnetic composites had favorable Hg0 removal ability at low temperature. Moreover, the adsorption capacity of hierarchical magnetic composite is much larger than that of pure Fe3O4 and SiO2@Fe3O4. The Hg0 removal efficiency reached the highest value as approximately 92% under the reaction temperature of 150°C, while the removal efficiency sharply reduced in the absence of O2. The characterization results indicated that Ag nanoparticles grew on the surface of SiO2@Fe3O4 support. The large surface area of SiO2 supplied efficient reaction room for Hg and Ag atoms. Ag-Hg amalgam is generated on the surface of the composites. In addition, this magnetic material could be easily separated from fly ashes when adopted for treating real flue gas, and the spent materials could be regenerated using a simple thermal-desorption method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Bailong Mu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haomiao Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Zan Qu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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9
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Liu H, You Z, Yang S, Liu C, Xie X, Xiang K, Wang X, Yan X. High-efficient adsorption and removal of elemental mercury from smelting flue gas by cobalt sulfide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:6735-6744. [PMID: 30632039 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonferrous metal smelting produces a large amount of Hg0 in flue gas, which has caused serious damage to the environment and human health. In this work, amorphous cobalt sulfide was synthesized by a liquid-phase precipitation method and was used for capturing gaseous Hg0 from simulated smelting flue gas at low temperatures (50~150 °C). In the adsorption process, Hg0 can be transformed into the stable mercury compound, which is confirmed to be HgS by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and temperature programmed desorption of Hg (Hg-TPD) analysis. Meanwhile, XPS results also demonstrate that S22- species on the surface of cobalt sulfide play an important role in Hg0 transformation. At the temperature of 50 °C (inlet Hg0 concentration of 214 μg·m-3), the Hg0 adsorption capacity of cobalt sulfide (penetration rate of 25%) is as high as 2.07 mg·g-1, which is much higher than that of popular adsorbents such as activated carbons and metal oxides. In addition, it was found that the Hg0 removal efficiency by cobalt sulfide in the flue gas with high concentration of SO2 (5%) remained more than 94%. The good adsorption and Hg0 removal performance guarantee cobalt sulfide the great superiority and application potential in the treatment of Hg0 in smelting flue gas with high concentration of SO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University , Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhiwen You
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Shu Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Cao Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Kaisong Xiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
- Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Central South University , Changsha, 410083, China.
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Liu Z, Wang D, Yang S, Liu H, Liu C, Xie X, Xu Z. Selective recovery of mercury from high mercury-containing smelting wastes using an iodide solution system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 363:179-186. [PMID: 30308356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mercury resources recovery and safe disposal of mercury-containing waste is an urgent problem. In this study, a new method using an iodide solution system was proposed to selectively recover mercury from high mercury-containing smelting wastes. The mercury leaching efficiency, yields, leaching kinetics and thermodynamics were researched. The major factors which affect mercury leaching efficiency including iodide concentration, oxidant, pH and temperature were evaluated. Over 97% and 93% of mercury can be efficiently leached from wastewater treatment sludge (W-S) and acid sludge (A-S). After leaching, the mercury concentration during leaching toxicity test is under the limits set for hazardous waste. Additionally, the electrolytic technology can efficiently recover mercury from leachate in the form of elemental mercury, and the leachate after electrolytic can be reused for mercury leaching. The mercury leaching kinetics follows the shrinking core diffusion model and is controlled by solid product diffusion. The mechanism research shows the leaching efficiency was strongly dependent on the distribution of mercury species in smelting waste. The consequence on mercury leaching and recovery could provide nonferrous smelters with a practical and yet easy-to-adopt perspective to reduce the risk of mercury contamination and selectively recover mercury resources from mercury-containing smelting wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilou Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Dongli Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shu Yang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Cao Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, 93 Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhifeng Xu
- School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, JiangXi University of Science and Technology, 86 Hongqi Road, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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11
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Wang L, Wei Y, Lv G, Liao L, Zhang D. Experimental Studies on Chemical Activation of Cementitious Materials from Smelting Slag of Copper and Nickel Mine. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E303. [PMID: 30669374 PMCID: PMC6356638 DOI: 10.3390/ma12020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gellable composite materials (GCM) were prepared from a smelting slag of copper and nickel deposits and cement, and activated using gypsum and chemical activators. The effects of material ratio, dosage of chemical activators, and gypsum on the mechanical properties of GCM were studied. Our results showed that the chemical activators of Na₂SO₄, Na₂SiO₃, NaOH, and Na₂CO₃ could improve the compressive strength of the GCM. Considering the market cost and ease operation, the compressive strength of the GCM could be significantly improved with 2% Na₂SO₄. The experiment results also showed that the compound chemical activator could improve the compressive strength of gelled material. The strength of GCM reaches 41.6 MPa when 2% gypsum and 80% of smelting slags of copper and nickel deposits were used, which met the national standards requirements of GCM. As such, it is expected that a large amount of copper and nickel mining smelting slag could be utilized for the production of cementitious materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yanke Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Guocheng Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Libing Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- Beijing General Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Beijing 110160, China.
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12
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Chai L, Li Q, Wang Q, Yan X. Solid-liquid separation: an emerging issue in heavy metal wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:17250-17267. [PMID: 29766423 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Solid-liquid separation (SLS) plays a dominant role in various chemical industries. Nowadays, low efficiency of SLS also become a significant problem in heavy metal (HM) wastewater treatment, affecting the effluent quality (HM concentration and turbidity) and overall process economy. In this context, we summarize here the occurrence of solids in HM wastewater, as well as typical SLS operations used in HM wastewater treatment, including sedimentation, flotation, and centrifugation. More important, this article reviews the improvement of the SLS operations by some technologies, including coagulation, flocculation, ballasted method, seeding method, granular sludge strategy, and external field enhancement. It is noted that abiological granular sludge strategy and magnetic field enhancement often possess higher SLS efficiency (faster settling velocity or shorter separation time) than other methods. Hence, the two strategies stand out as promising tools for improving SLS in HM wastewater treatment, but further research is required regarding scalability, economy, and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Chai
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metals Pollution Control and Treatment, Changsha, China
| | - Qingzhu Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metals Pollution Control and Treatment, Changsha, China
| | - Qingwei Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metals Pollution Control and Treatment, Changsha, China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metals Pollution Control and Treatment, Changsha, China.
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