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Dar FA, Kurella S. Comprehensive batch studies on removal of fluoride from aqueous solution by acid and alkali-activated adsorbents prepared from Dal lake weeds: Mechanism, Kinetics and Thermodynamics. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 259:119493. [PMID: 38944101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
An efficient and economical way of eliminating fluoride from water is being investigated by employing the buoyant aquatic plant (Dal weed). Two post-pyrolysis chemical activation alteration techniques were implemented: acidic activation by employing sulfuric acid (H-activation) and alkaline activation using sodium hydroxide (OH-activation). The batch kinetic studies have been carried out considering varying starting fluoride levels such as 2-10 mg/L. The impact of diverse procedural factors, including dosage of Dal weed, starting fluoride level, pH and contact duration was observed to determine their influence on fluoride adsorption kinetics. Based on analyzed exploratory results, removal efficacy of 63% for the OH-activated carbon and 83% for H-activated carbon was achieved at commencing fluoride level of 10 mg/L, adsorbent dosage of 0.8 g, at 25 °C after 120 min. The maximal fluoride uptake capacity for H-activated carbon was observed to be 78.158 mg/g. Kinetic investigations showed that the Freundlich isotherm model provided a satisfactory match with an R2 value of 0.99. The reaction order nature adhered to kinetics resembling pseudo second order. Thermodynamic investigation revealed endothermic sorption, with negative ΔG indicating spontaneous fluoride uptake. In comparison, the positive number for ΔS suggested random behavior at the contact involving the adsorbent and adsorbate. The investigations into the regeneration capabilities of the adsorbent material revealed that even after undergoing for five consecutive cycles of adsorption and regeneration, the adsorbent exhibited an uptake potential of 45%. The presence of competing ions in the solution negatively impacted defluoridation efficacy, with the influence following the order of HCO3-< NO3-< Cl-< SO42-< PO43-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdous Ahmad Dar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Swamy Kurella
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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2
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Cruz-Briano SA, Medellin-Castillo NA, Delgado-Sanchez P, Castro-Larragoitia GJ, Leyva-Ramos R, Cortina-Rangel MA, Labrada-Delgado GJ, Villela-Martinez DE, Flores-Rojas AI, Gonzalez-Fernandez LA, Cisneros-Ontiveros HG. Binary fluoride and As(V) adsorption in water using pleco fish bone chars. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:40156-40173. [PMID: 37556064 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29101-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The present work studied individual and binary adsorption of fluorides and As(V) in water on pleco fish bone chars (BC), as well as the effect of BC mass variation on the adsorption capacity of fluoride and As(V) in water for human consumption. The results of individual adsorption indicated that the adsorption of fluoride and As(V) on BC depends on solution pH. The adsorption capacity of fluorides at an initial concentration of 30 mg L-1 increases approximately 3 times, from 5.9 to 15.3 mg g-1, when decreasing the pH of the solution from 9 to 5, however, for the case of As(V) an antagonistic effect is observed, the adsorption capacity increases 7 times when raising the pH from 5 to 9, from 18.4 to 132.1 µg g-1 at an initial As(V) concentration of 300 µg L-1. Besides, in the binary adsorption, BC showed a higher affinity to adsorb fluoride since its adsorption capacity decreased from 16.55 to 12.50 mg g-1 as the As(V) concentration increased from 0 to 800 µg L-1 in solution. In contrast, As(V) adsorption was severely affected, decreasing from 140.2 to 32.7 µg g-1 when the fluoride concentration in the solution increased from 0 to 100 mg L-1. On the other hand, in the adsorption of groundwater contaminated with fluoride and As(V), it was determined that increasing the mass of BC from 0.5 to 20 g increases the removal percentage, reaching 99.3 and 75.7% removal for fluoride and As(V), respectively, due to the fact that increasing the mass of the adsorbent leads to a larger area and a greater number of sites that allow the adsorption of these contaminants. The thermodynamic study revealed the spontaneity of fluoride and As(V) adsorption, better affinity for fluoride but higher adsorption rate of As(V) on BC. Characterization techniques such as XRD and EDS allowed identifying hydroxyapatite as the mineral phase of BC, which is responsible for the adsorption of BC. By studying the effect of solution pH on the adsorption capacities and the characterization of BC such as XRD, EDS and TGA, it was determined that the mechanisms of fluoride adsorption are by electrostatic attractions and ion exchange, and for As(V) it is by coprecipitation and ion exchange. It was concluded that BC from pleco fish could be an alternative for treating water contaminated by fluorides and As(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A Cruz-Briano
- Environmental Agenda, Multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Nahum A Medellin-Castillo
- Environmental Agenda, Multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
- Postgraduate Study and Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Zona Universitaria, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 8, 78290, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
| | - Pablo Delgado-Sanchez
- Faculty of Agronomy, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis - Matehuala Palma de La Cruz, Soledad de Graciano Sanchez, Km. 14.5 Carr, 78321, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Guillermo J Castro-Larragoitia
- Environmental Agenda, Multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Roberto Leyva-Ramos
- Postgraduate Study and Research Center, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Miguel A Cortina-Rangel
- Geochemistry Laboratory, Geology Institute, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 5, Zona Universitaria, 78240, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Gladis J Labrada-Delgado
- LINAN-IPICYT, Cam. a La Presa de San José No. 2055, Lomas 4Ta Secc, 78216, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Diana E Villela-Martinez
- Postgraduate Study and Research Center, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Alfredo I Flores-Rojas
- Postgraduate Study and Research Center, Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Zona Universitaria, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 8, 78290, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Lázaro A Gonzalez-Fernandez
- Environmental Agenda, Multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Hilda G Cisneros-Ontiveros
- Environmental Agenda, Multidisciplinary Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences, University of San Luis Potosi, Av. Dr. M Nava No. 201, Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
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Umare S, Thawait AK, Dhawane SH. Remediation of arsenic and fluoride from groundwater: a critical review on bioadsorption, mechanism, future application, and challenges for water purification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:37877-37906. [PMID: 38771540 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In the past few decades, the excessive and inadequate use of technological advances has led to groundwater contamination, mainly caused by organic and inorganic pollutants, which are highly harmful to human health, agriculture, water bodies, and aquaculture. Among all toxic pollutants, As and F- play a significant role in groundwater contamination due to their excellent reactivity with other elements. To mitigate the prevalence of arsenic and fluoride within the water system, the use of biochar gives an attractive strategy for removing them mainly because of the substantial surface area, pore size, pH, aromatic structure, and functional groups inherent in biochar, which are primarily dependent upon its raw material and pyrolysis temperature. Researcher develops different methods like physiochemical and electrochemical for treating arsenic and fluoride contamination. Among all removal methods, bioadsorption using agricultural waste residues shows effective/feasible removal of As and F- due to its low cost, ecofriendly nature, readily available, and efficient reuse compared with several other harmful synthetic materials that demand costly design specifications. This study discusses current developments in bioadsorption methods for As and F- that use agricultural-based biomaterials and describes the prevailing state of arsenic and fluoride removal strategies that use biomaterials precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Umare
- Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, 462003, India
| | - Ajay K Thawait
- Department of Civil Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, 462003, India
| | - Sumit H Dhawane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, 462003, India.
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Peng Y, Xue C, Luo J, Zheng B, Fang Z. Lanthanum-doped magnetic biochar activating persulfate in the degradation of florfenicol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170312. [PMID: 38278274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
In this study, lanthanum-doped magnetic biochar (LaMBC) was synthesized from bagasse by co-doping iron salt and lanthanum salt, and it was characterized for its application in the activation of persulfate (PS) in the degradation of Florfenicol (FLO). The results indicated that the LaMBC/PS system consistently achieved a degradation efficiency of over 99.5 %, with a reaction rate constant 4.71 times as that of MBC. The mechanism of FLO degradation suggested that O2•- and •OH played dominant roles, contributing 40.92 % and 36.96 %, respectively, during FLO degradation. Through physicochemical characterization and quenching experiments, it can be concluded that the key reasons for the enhancement of MBC activation performance are as follows: (1) Lanthanum doping in magnetized biochar increased the Fe(II) content in MBC. (2) Lanthanum doping significantly improved the adsorption capacity of LaMBC, increased the concentration of pollutants on the catalyst surface and effectively enhancing the reaction rate. (3) Lanthanum doping effectively increased the surface Fe(II) content during the reaction process in LaMBC, promoted the generation of active oxygen species in PS. This study delves into synthesizing and applying LaMBC for PS activation and FLO removal. The emphasis is on comprehensively characterizing and experimenting to elucidate the mechanism, proposing an innovative approach for efficiently degrading antibiotic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Peng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Normal University (Qingyuan) Environmental Remediation Technology Co., Ltd, Qingyuan 511500, China; SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 511517, China
| | - Chengjie Xue
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiayi Luo
- Normal University (Qingyuan) Environmental Remediation Technology Co., Ltd, Qingyuan 511500, China; SCNU Qingyuan Institute of Science and Technology Innovation Co., Ltd., Qingyuan 511517, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Normal University (Qingyuan) Environmental Remediation Technology Co., Ltd, Qingyuan 511500, China
| | - Zhanqiang Fang
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Normal University (Qingyuan) Environmental Remediation Technology Co., Ltd, Qingyuan 511500, China.
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Li W, Xie P, Zhou H, Zhao H, Yang B, Xiong J. Preparation of Lanthanum-Modified Tea Waste Biochar and Its Adsorption Performance on Fluoride in Water. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:766. [PMID: 38591626 PMCID: PMC10856180 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In this study, tea waste was used as a raw material, and TBC (tea waste biochar) was prepared by pyrolysis at 700 °C. La(NO3)3·6H2O was used as the modifier to optimize one-way modification; the orthogonal experiment was undertaken to determine the optimal preparation conditions; and La-TBC (lanthanum-modified biochar) was obtained. The key factors for the adsorption of fluoride by La-TBC were investigated by means of batch adsorption experiments, and kinetics and isothermal adsorption experiments were carried out on the adsorption of fluoride in geothermal hot spring water. The adsorption mechanism of fluoride by La-TBC was analyzed via characterization methods such as SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer), BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), XRD (X-ray diffraction), and so on. The results show that La-TBC had the best adsorption effect on fluoride at pH 7. The process of adsorption of fluoride follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isothermal model, and the maximum theoretical adsorption quantity was 47.47 mg/g at 80 °C, while the removal rate of fluoride from the actual geothermal hot spring water reached more than 95%. The adsorption process was dominated by the monolayer adsorption of chemicals, and the mechanisms mainly include pore filling, ion exchange, and electrostatic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jian Xiong
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850012, China; (W.L.); (P.X.); (H.Z.); (H.Z.); (B.Y.)
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6
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Li S, Song M, Tong L, Ye C, Yang Y, Zhou Q. Enhancing fluoride removal from wastewater using Al/Y amended sludge biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:125832-125845. [PMID: 38006482 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the potential of utilizing aluminum and yttrium amended (Al/Y amended) sewage sludge biochar (Al/Y-CSBC) for efficient fluoride removal from wastewater. The adsorption kinetics of fluoride on bimetallic modified Al/Y-CSBC followed the pseudo-second-order model, while the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Freundlich equation. Remarkably, the material exhibited excellent fluoride removal performance over a wide pH range, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 62.44 mg·g-1. Moreover, Al/Y-CSBC demonstrated exceptional reusability, maintaining 95% removal efficiency even after six regeneration cycles. The fluoride adsorption mechanism involved ion exchange, surface complexation, and electrostatic adsorption interactions. The activation and modification processes significantly increased the specific surface area of Al/Y-CSBC, leading to a high isoelectric point (pHpzc = 9.14). The incorporation of aluminum and yttrium metals exhibited a novel approach, enhancing the adsorption capacity for fluoride ions due to their strong affinity. Furthermore, the dispersing effect of biochar played a crucial role in improving defluoridation efficiency by enhancing accessibility to active sites. These findings substantiate the significant potential of Al/Y-CSBC for enhanced fluoride removal from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushu Li
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Mingshan Song
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Lin Tong
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Changqing Ye
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
| | - Qingwen Zhou
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Jiangsu, 226019, China
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Mei L, Wei J, Yang R, Ke F, Peng C, Hou R, Liu J, Wan X, Cai H. Zirconium/lanthanum-modified chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite adsorbent for rapid removal of fluoride. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125155. [PMID: 37268075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel and easily separable adsorbent in the shape of a membrane for the rapid removal of fluoride from water was prepared after testing Zr, La and LaZr to modify a chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite adsorbent (CS/PVA-Zr, CS/PVA-La, CS/PVA-LA-Zr). The CS/PVA-La-Zr composite adsorbent can remove a large amount of fluoride within 1 min of contact time, and the adsorption equilibrium can be reached within 15 min. The fluoride adsorption behavior of the CS/PVA-La-Zr composite can be described by pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherms models. The morphology and structure of the adsorbents were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The adsorption mechanism was studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and which showed that ion exchange occurred mainly with hydroxide and fluoride ions. This study showed that an easily operable, low-cost and environmentally friendly CS/PVA-La-Zr has the potential to remove fluoride effectively from drinking water in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Jiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Ruirui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Fei Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Chuanyi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Junsheng Liu
- School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, 99 Jinxiu Avenue, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
| | - Huimei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
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Yang L, Liang C, Shen F, Hu M, Zhu W, Dai L. A critical review on the development of lanthanum-engineered biochar for environmental applications. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 332:117318. [PMID: 36701829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar and lanthanum (La) have been widely used in environment. However, there is a lack of knowledge and perspective on the development of La-engineered biochar (LEB) for environmental applications. This review shows that LEBs with a variety of La species via pre-/post-doping routes are developed for environmental applications. Specifically, precipitation, gelation, and calcination are the common sub-processes involved in the pre-/post-doping of La on the resultant LEB. The dominant La species for LEBs is La(OH)3, which is formed through precipitation of La ions with various bases. Various La carbonates, e.g., LaOHCO3, La2(CO3)3, La2CO5, and NaLa(CO3)2, are also involved in the preparation of LEBs. The LEBs are high-efficient in the adsorption of phosphate, arsenic, antimonate and fluoride ions, attributed to the strong affinity of La to oxyanions and Lewis hard base. Lanthanum is also favorable for co-doping with transition metal species to further enhance the performances in adsorption or catalysis. This review also analyzes the prospects and future challenges for the preparation and application of LEBs in environment. Finally, this review is beneficial to inspire new breakthroughs on the preparation and environmental application of LEBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chenghu Liang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Fei Shen
- Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mao Hu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Wenkun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety, Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety Key Laboratory of Defense, School of National Defense Science & Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Lichun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Hettithanthri O, Rajapaksha AU, Nanayakkara N, Vithanage M. Temperature influence on layered double hydroxide tailored corncob biochar and its application for fluoride removal in aqueous media. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121054. [PMID: 36634859 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to excess fluoride is a controversial public health concern as it can cause dental/skeletal fluorosis as well as renal toxicity. The study intended to evaluate the synergistic interaction of clay intercalation and thermochemical modification on corncob biochar to remove fluoride from aqueous solutions. Layered double hydroxide was assorted with thermally activated (torrefaction and pyrolysis) corncob biochar at 1:1 (w/w) ratio to obtain composites called LDH-CCBC250 and LDH-CCBC500. Physicochemically characterized adsorbents were assessed against the pH (3-9), reaction time (up to 12 h) and initial fluoride concentration (0.5-10 mg L-1) for defluoridation. The porous structure of biochar was found to be richer compared to biocharcoal. The adsorption performance of LDH-CCBC500 was 6-fold higher compared to LDH-CCBC250 signifying the pronounced effect of thermal activation. Fluoride adsorption was pH dependent, and the best pH was in the range of pH 3.5-5.0 and there was no ionic strength dependency. Fluoride uptake by LDH-CCBC500 follows pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic models, which suggests a chemisorption process followed by physisorption. The most expected way to eliminate fluoride by LDH-CCBC500, which had a maximum adsorption capacity of 7.24 mg g-1, was cooperative chemical adsorption upon the Langmuir and Hills isotherm (r2 = 0.99) parameters. Layered double hydroxide intercalated corncob biochar derived from slow pyrolysis is best performing in acidic waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshadi Hettithanthri
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka; Postgraduate Institute of Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Anushka Upamali Rajapaksha
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka; Instrument Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka; The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA6009, Australia; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
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10
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Giri AK, Mishra PC. Application of artificial neural network for prediction of fluoride removal efficiency using neutralized activated red mud from aqueous medium in a continuous fixed bed column. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:23997-24012. [PMID: 36331741 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23593-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present research work approaches the removal of fluoride from aqueous medium using neutralized activated red mud (NARM) in a continuous fixed bed column. Artificial neural network (ANN) technique was applied effectively for optimization of the model for the practicability of the removal process. The consequences of various experimental variables, like bed length, adsorbate concentration, experimental time, and adsorbate solution flow rate are studied to know the breakthrough point and saturation times. The highest removal potentiality of NARM was considered to be 3.815 mg g-1 of F- in the bed height of 15 cm, starting concentration 1 ppm, susceptible time 120 min, adsorbate solution flow rate 0.5 mL min-1, and constant room temperature, respectively. Bohart-Adams and Thomas models were considered to describe the fixed bed column effect to the bed height and adsorbate concentrations. The experimental data were applied to a back propagation (BP) learning algorithm programme with a four-seven-one architecture model. The artificial neural network model was considered to be functioning correctly as absolute relative percentage error throughout the learning period. Differentiation between the predicted outcomes from ANN model and actual results from experimental analysis affords a high degree of correlation (R2 = 0.998) stipulating that the model was able to predict the adsorption efficiency. Experimented adsorbent materials were characterized using different instrumental analysis that is scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Giri
- Centre of Excellence for Bioresource Management and Energy Conservation Material Development, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Odisha, 756089, Balasore, India.
| | - Prakash Chandra Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, 756089, India
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11
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Sha Q, Xie H, Liu W, Yang D, He Y, Yang C, Wang N, Ge C. Removal of fluoride using platanus acerifoli leaves biochar - an efficient and low-cost application in wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:93-107. [PMID: 34334106 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1964002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The fluoride with high-concentration in industrial wastewater will cause great harm to the environment and calcium-modified biochar is an effective adsorbent for the removal of fluoride. Biochar composites were prepared from mature and dried dead leaves and eggshell to remove fluoride from the aqueous solution. The effects of raw material ratio, pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature, initial concentration of fluoride, and the coexisting ions on the removal efficiency of fluoride were explored. The biochar composites before and after fluoride removal were characterized by the SEM, FTIR, XRD, and XPS, which showed CaF2 precipitation was formed during the adsorption. The kinetics and isotherm study showed that chemical adsorption was the primary step for the fluoride adsorption of the biochar composites. The removal efficiency of fluoride can reach 98.53% when the amount of adsorbent was 1.6 g/L and the fluoride concentration was 500 mg/L. The BET-specific surface area of platanus acerifoli leaves biochar was 410.14 m2/g, which was suitable for the adsorption carrier. The adsorption capacity of the biochar composite materials was as high as 308 mg/g. The platanus acerifoli leaves-eggshell biochar composite with large pore size and high removal efficiency may be used as an efficient and low-cost adsorbent for treating high-concentration fluoride-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sha
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Huidong Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Dewei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Yang
- Division of Laboratory and Equipment Management, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengmin Ge
- Shandong Dongyuan New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Dongying, People's Republic of China
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12
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Efficient phosphate removal and recovery by using nanosized La(III) oxides anchored on aminated biomass waste. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Kumar R, Sharma P, Yang W, Sillanpää M, Shang J, Bhattacharya P, Vithanage M, Maity JP. State-of-the-art of research progress on adsorptive removal of fluoride-contaminated water using biochar-based materials: Practical feasibility through reusability and column transport studies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114043. [PMID: 36029838 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride (F-) is one of the essential elements found in soil and water released from geogenic sources and several anthropogenic activities. Fluoride causes fluorosis, dental and skeletal growth problems, teeth mottling, and neurological damage due to prolonged consumption, affecting millions worldwide. Adsorption is an extensively implemented technique in water and wastewater treatment for fluoride, with significant potential due to efficiency, cost-effectiveness, ease of operation, and reusability. This review highlights the current state of knowledge for fluoride adsorption using biochar-based materials and the limitations of biochar for fluoride-contaminated groundwater and industrial wastewater treatment. Biochar materials have shown significant adsorption capacities for fluoride under the influence of low pH, biochar dose, initial concentration, temperature, and co-existing ions. Modified biochar possesses various functional groups (-OH, -CC, -C-O, -CONH, -C-OH, X-OH), in which enhanced hydroxyl (-OH) groups onto the surface plays a significant role in fluoride adsorption via electrostatic attraction and ion exchange. Regeneration and reusability of biochar sorbents need to be performed to a greater extent to improve removal efficiency and reusability in field conditions. Furthermore, the present investigation identifies the limitations of biochar materials in treating fluoride-contaminated drinking groundwater and industrial effluents. The fluoride removal using biochar-based materials at an industrial scale for understanding the practical feasibility is yet to be documented. This review work recommend the feasibility of biochar-based materials in column studies for fluoride remediation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar, 803116, India
| | - Prabhakar Sharma
- School of Ecology and Environment Studies, Nalanda University, Rajgir, Bihar, 803116, India.
| | - Wen Yang
- Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa; Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Jianying Shang
- Department of Soil and Water Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Prosun Bhattacharya
- Department of Sustainable Development, Environmental Sciences and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen, 10B SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
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14
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Huang L, Luo Z, Huang X, Wang Y, Yan J, Liu W, Guo Y, Babu Arulmani SR, Shao M, Zhang H. Applications of biomass-based materials to remove fluoride from wastewater: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 301:134679. [PMID: 35469899 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is one of the essential trace elements for the human body, but excessive fluoride will cause serious environmental and health problems. This paper summarizes researches on the removal of fluoride from aqueous solutions using newly developed or improved biomass materials and biomass-like organic materials in recent years. These biomass materials are classified into chitosan, microorganisms, lignocellulose plant materials, animal attribute materials, biological carbonized materials and biomass-like organic materials, which are explained and analyzed. By comparing adsorption performance and mechanism of adsorbents for removing fluoride, it is found that carbonizing materials and modifying adsorbents with metal ions are more beneficial to improving adsorption efficiency and the adsorption mechanisms are various. The adsorption capacities are still considerable after regeneration. This paper not only reviews the properties of these materials for fluoride removal, but also focuses on the comparison of materials performance and fluoride removal mechanism. Herein, by discussing the improved adsorption performance and research technology development of biomass materials and biomass-like organic materials, various innovative ideas are provided for adsorbing and removing contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhixuan Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xuexia Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yian Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Energy Institute, and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yufang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | | | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Energy Institute, and Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongguo Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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15
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Yan L, Gu W, Zhou N, Ye C, Yang Y. Preparation and characterization of wheat straw biochar loaded with aluminium/lanthanum hydroxides: a novel adsorbent for removing fluoride from drinking water. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:2771-2784. [PMID: 33719868 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1903563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel adsorbent of aluminium/lanthanum loaded wheat straw biochar (Al-La-WSB), was prepared by using a facile approach and used for fluoride removal. The Al-La-WSB and its pristine wheat straw biochar (WSB) were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) methods. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate adsorbent performance, the highest removal rate was observed at pH 9, contact time of 7 h and Al-La-WSB dose of 1 g L-1. Lagergren pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data well. The maximum fluoride adsorption capacity of Al-La-WSB at different experiment temperature of 298, 308 and 318 K, was 51.28 mg g-1, 46.73 mg g-1 and 50.25 mg g-1, respectively, which was better than most reported adsorbents. The Al-La-WSB performed well over a considerable wide pH range of 3-10 and carried positive charge at pH < 4.8. The presence co-existing ions of SO42-, HCO3-, Cl- and NO3- had a minor impact on fluoride adsorption besides PO43-. Regeneration experiment results showed that the Al-La-WSB had an excellent reusability. According to the adsorbent characterization and batch adsorption experiment, the adsorption of fluoride on the Al-La-WSB was primarily a chemisorption, involving electrostatic interactions and ion exchange, which nitrate ion and hydroxyl played a major role. The results suggested that the Al-La-WSB could be a great adsorbent for removing fluoride from drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nangtong University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weishi Gu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nangtong University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nangtong University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqing Ye
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nangtong University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nangtong University, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI, USA
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16
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Wei Y, Wang L, Li H, Yan W, Feng J. Synergistic Fluoride Adsorption by Composite Adsorbents Synthesized From Different Types of Materials—A Review. Front Chem 2022; 10:900660. [PMID: 35601557 PMCID: PMC9114667 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.900660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The reduction of fluoride concentrations in water is one of many concerns. Adsorption is the most widely used technology for fluoride removal and the center to development of adsorption technology is the improvement of adsorbents. This review classifies the typical fluoride removal adsorbents into four types: metal oxides/hydroxides, biopolymers, carbon-based, and other adsorbents. The exploitation of new materials and the synthesis of composite materials are two ways of developing new adsorbents. In comparison to the discovery of novel adsorbents for fluoride adsorption, research into the composite synthesis of different types of conventional adsorbents has proliferated in recent years. The traditional adsorbents used the earliest, metal oxides, can act as active centers in a wide range of applications for modifying and compounding with other types of adsorbents. This study emphasizes reviewing the research on fluoride removal by composite adsorbents synthesized from different types of metal-modified materials. Seven factors were compared in terms of material characterization, initial fluoride concentration, adsorbent dose, pH, temperature, reaction time, and maximum adsorption capacity. The modification of composite adsorbents is facile and the synergistic effect of the different types of adsorbents significantly improves fluoride adsorption capacity. Metal composite adsorbents are synthesized by facile coprecipitation, hydrothermal, or impregnation modification methods. The adsorption mechanisms involve electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, complexation, and hydrogen bonding. The fluoride adsorption capacity of composite adsorbents has generally improved, indicating that most modifications are successful and have application prospects. However, to achieve significant breakthroughs in practical applications, numerous issues such as cost, separation/regeneration performance, and safety still need to be considered.
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17
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Comparison of Adsorptive Removal of Fluoride from Water by Different Adsorbents under Laboratory and Real Conditions. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14091423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The fluoride removal capability of six different adsorbents (four commercial, i.e., titanium dioxide-TiO2, ArsenXPnp-A33E, granular activated carbon (GAC) and granular ferric hydroxide (GFH), and two laboratory media, i.e., nano-fine media and nano-granular media) was determined under batch conditions using synthetic and real contaminated water containing arsenic and vanadium. The kinetic and equilibrium characteristics of the adsorption process under different operating conditions (pH value, initial fluoride concentration, adsorbent dosage, water composition) were obtained. Among the tested adsorbents, TiO2 showed the highest adsorption capacity; it was also capable of reducing fluoride concentration below the limit set for drinking water without pH control. TiO2 still remained the best adsorbent in the treatment of real contaminated groundwater, where it was also capable of efficiently removing both arsenic and vanadium. The other adsorbents were capable of achieving the same fluoride reduction, although only for acid pH. The nano-sized laboratory media showed an adsorption removal efficiency below that of TiO2 but superior to that of A33E, GAC and GFH. Among the investigated parameters, the removal efficiency was mainly affected by adsorbent dosage and pH. The pseudo-second order model best fitted the kinetic experimental data of all the media. The maximum adsorption capacity predicted by this model was in the following decreasing order: TiO2 > A33E > GAC > GFH. The removal capability of all the media drastically decreased due to the presence of competitive ions and unfavorable pH conditions. The best isotherm model changed depending on the type of adsorbent and pH conditions.
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18
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Zhang M, Lin K, Zhong Y, Zhang D, Ahmad M, Yu J, Fu H, Xu L, Wu S, Huang L. Functionalizing biochar by Co-pyrolysis shaddock peel with red mud for removing acid orange 7 from water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 299:118893. [PMID: 35085649 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar modification by metal/metal oxide is promising for improving its adsorption capability for contaminants, especially the anions. However, conventional chemical modifications are complicated and costly. In this study, novel Fe/Fe oxide loaded biochars (RMBCs) were synthesized from a one-step co-pyrolysis of red mud (RM) and shaddock peel (SP), and their potential application for removing anionic azo dye (acid orange 7, AO7) from the aqueous environment was evaluated. Fe from red mud was successfully loaded onto biochars pyrolyzed at 300-800 °C, which presented from oxidation form (Fe2O3) to the reduction forms (FeO and Fe0) with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The RMBC produced at 800 °C with RM:SP mass ratio of 1:1 (RMBC8001:1) exhibited the best capability for AO7 removal (∼32 mg/g), attributed to both adsorption and degradation. The higher surface area of RMBC8001:1 and its greater affinity for AO7 led to the higher adsorption. In addition, RMBC8001:1-induced degradation of AO7 was another key mechanism for AO7 removal. The reduction forms of Fe (FeO or Fe0) in RMBC8001:1 may provide electrons for breaking down the azo bond in AO7 molecules and result in degradation, which is further enhanced in acid conditions due to the participation of readily release of Fe2+ and the available H+ in AO7 degradation. Furthermore, RMBC8001:1 can be easily separated from the treated water by using magnetic field, which significantly benefits its separation in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kun Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuchi Zhong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Materials & Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mahtab Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hailu Fu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liheng Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songlin Wu
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Longbin Huang
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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19
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Li S, Wu Y, Li X, Liu Q, Li H, Tu W, Luo X, Luo Y. Enhanced remediation of Cd-contaminated soil using electrokinetic assisted by permeable reactive barrier with lanthanum-based biochar composite filling materials. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022:1-13. [PMID: 35244499 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2049891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Electrokinetic remediation (EK) combined with a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is a relatively new technique for efficiently remediating Cd-contaminated soil in situ. Eupatorium adenophorum, which is a malignant invasive plant, was used to synthesise biochar and a novel lanthanum-based biochar composite (LaC). The biochar and LaC were used as cheap and environmentally benign PRB filling materials to remediate simulated and real Cd-contaminated soils. The pH and residual Cd concentration in the simulated contaminated soil during remediation gradually increased from the anode to the cathode used to apply an electric field to the EK-PRB system. However, the soil conductivity changed in the opposite way, and the current density first increased and then decreased. For simulated contaminated soils with initial Cd concentrations of 34.9 and 100.6 mg kg-1, the mean Cd removal rates achieved using LaC were 90.6% and 89.3%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of biochar (P < 0.05). Similar results were achieved using natural soils from mining area and polluted farmland, and the Cd removal rates were 66.9% and 72.0%, respectively. Fourier-transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that there were many functional groups on the LaC surfaces. The removal mechanism of EK-PRB for Cd in contaminated soil includes electromigration, electroosmotic flow, surface adsorption, and ion exchange. The results indicated that the LaC could be used in the EK-PRB technique as a cheap and 'green' material to efficiently decontaminate soil polluted with heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueling Li
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Liu
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Li
- College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Tu
- Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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20
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Cerium alginate cross-linking with biochar beads for fast fluoride removal over a wide pH range. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Xiao L, Ye F, Zhou Y, Zhao G. Utilization of pomelo peels to manufacture value-added products: A review. Food Chem 2021; 351:129247. [PMID: 33640768 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pomelo peel as a by-product from pomelo consumption is rich in various nutrients and functional compounds, while most of the by-product is disposed as wastes. The utilization of pomelo peels could not only result in valued-added products/ingredients, but also reduce the environmental threats. By mainly reviewing the recent articles, pomelo peels could be directly used to produce candied pomelo peel, tea, jams, etc. Additionally, functional components (essential oils, pectin, polyphenols, etc.) could be extracted from pomelo peels and applied in food, pharmaceutical and chemical fields. The extraction methods exerted important influences on the composition, physicochemical properties, bioactivities and structures of the resultant fractions. Furthermore, pomelo peel was exploited to make adsorbents, bioethanol, etc. For the future investigations, the functionality- or bioactivity-oriented regimes to recovery valuable components from pomelo peel should be developed in an economic, effective and eco-friendly way and their applicability in large-scale production should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Fayin Ye
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhou
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China; Chongqing Engineering Research Centre for Regional Foods, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Kim M, Choong CE, Hyun S, Park CM, Lee G. Mechanism of simultaneous removal of aluminum and fluoride from aqueous solution by La/Mg/Si-activated carbon. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126580. [PMID: 32464758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
La/Mg/Si-activated carbon derived from palm shell has been a suitable material for removal of aluminum and fluoride from aqueous solution. In the study, the mechanism of simultaneous removal of aluminum and fluoride by La/Mg/Si-activated carbon (La/Mg/Si-AC) was investigated to understand its high efficiency. It was found that the removal of aluminum and fluoride by La/Mg/Si-AC was favored at lower pH compared to the point of zero charge of La/Mg/Si-AC and high temperature. Adsorption capacity of Al(OH)4- was about 10 times higher than that of F- due to the strong binding affinity of Al(OH)4- on protonated surface and competition between F- and OH- toward charged adsorption site. Kinetics results showed that the aluminum and fluoride adsorption were explained using the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and intra-particle diffusion model. Adsorption process of Al(OH)4- and F- was driven by the potential rate-limiting step involved in mass transport process occurred on the boundary diffusion layer of porous adsorbent surface. Electrostatic interaction between protonated surface of La/Mg/Si-AC and negatively charged ions (i.e., Al(OH)4- and F-) as well as ion-exchange between hydroxide and ionic metal species were important mechanisms in the process of aluminum and fluoride adsorption. Driving forces for adsorption of individual Al(OH)4- and F- were not entirely different. Identifying the dominant mechanism will be helpful in understanding the adsorption process and developing new adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhee Kim
- Ministry of Environment, 229 Misagangbyeonhangang-ro, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 12902, Republic of Korea.
| | - Choe Earn Choong
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Hyun
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang Min Park
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gooyong Lee
- Green Technology Center, NamsanSquare Bldg., 173, Toegye-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04554, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Gao C, Cao Y, Lin J, Fang H, Luo Z, Lin Y, Zhao H, Huang Y. Insights into facile synthesized pomelo biochar adsorbing thallium: potential remediation in agricultural soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22698-22707. [PMID: 32323226 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08595-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Little information is available on thallium (Tl) adsorption onto fruit-derived biochar. In this study, pomelo peel and waste pomelo were thus chosen to prepare two kinds of biochars recorded as PPB and WPB. The two produced biochars subsequently evaluated their potential remediation of thallium (Tl) contamination in agricultural soils by their Tl adsorption capacity. Results showed that the two pomelo-derived biochars presented obvious microporous structure and rich oxygen-containing functional group, supported by the observant data of specific surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, Langmuir isothermal adsorption model can better fit the adsorption behavior of thallium onto PPB and WPB, and the subsequent maximum adsorption capacity was 4283.9 μg g-1 and 5286.0 μg g-1, respectively. In addition, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model could well fit the kinetic behavior of thallium adsorption onto PPB and WPB, indicating that the process is accompanied by chemical adsorption. Meanwhile, in agricultural soils, PPB and WPB can be used as environmentally friendly adsorbents to remediate Tl contamination due to their pH increase of the tested soils and their comparable adsorption ability of Tl. The obtained findings can provide insights into comprehensively developed fruit-derived biochar technology to remediate Tl contamination in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbai Gao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yinglan Cao
- College of Port and Environmental Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Jianqing Lin
- College of Port and Environmental Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hongda Fang
- College of Port and Environmental Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhuanxi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment,, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yang Lin
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Han Zhao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yicheng Huang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
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Tang J, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhao J, Wang L, Yang X. P2-type Na0.67Co0.35Ti0.20Mn0.44La0.01O2 cathode material with high-rate capability for sodium-ion batteries. J RARE EARTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Guo S, Gao Y, Wang Y, Liu Z, Wei X, Peng P, Xiao B, Yang Y. Urea/ZnCl 2 in situ hydrothermal carbonization of Camellia sinensis waste to prepare N-doped biochar for heavy metal removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:30365-30373. [PMID: 31435909 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental benefits of biochar require a simple and effective method for preparation of functional N-doped biochar. In this study, urea/ZnCl2 was developed to prepare N-doped biochar via in situ hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of Camellia sinensis waste at 120-280 °C for 2 h under 1.0-9.8 MPa. Physicochemical and structural properties of the N-doped biochar were investigated by Raman spectra, elemental analysis, BET surface area, SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS. The results showed that the N content in biochar could reach up to 7.79% at 280 °C. Surface chemistry suggested that pyridinic N, pyrollic N, and graphitic N were the major N species on the biochar. Moreover, the N-doped biochar was successfully employed to remove metal ions Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, and Cr6+. Adsorption data fit closely to the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model for all metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Guo
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yuefang Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | | | - Zhengjun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xingneng Wei
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Pai Peng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Bin Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Spherically shaped pectin-g-poly(amidoxime)-Fe complex: A promising innovative pathway to tailor a new material in high amidoxime functionalization for fluoride adsorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:78-90. [PMID: 31415854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pectin was hydrolyzed and was processed in spherically-shaped structure through calcium crosslinker. The synthesized spherical-bead structure was surface functionalized by acrylonitrile grafting reaction, which extends the applications of pectin followed by derivatization with hydroxylamine. The matrix was further decorated with the iron metal to enhance the practical applicability in the aqueous system. The chemical structures were characterized via gravimetric analysis, FTIR, SEM-EDX, elemental analysis, XPS and XRD. The results supported the exceptional uniformity with the presence of substantial receptor amidoxime groups in morphology and elemental composition. The process of adsorption was concluded with good adsorption capacity with iron-impregnated-amidoxime. The presence of S2O32-, SO42-, and NO3- had an insignificant influence on fluoride uptake excluding Cl- and PO43- in a binary/mixture solutions. The adsorption data were excellently expressed by the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.998) which suggests that the surface of the ligand is multifunctional. The kinetic data was determined and pseudo-second-order rate equation showed well-fit (R2 > 0.998) to the presented data. The findings indicate that Fe-impregnated poly(amidoxime) is a cost-effective and eco-friendly promising adsorbent for fluoride removal even at trace level and a wide optimum pH range due to better aqueous dispersibility of pendent groups responsible for the sorption application.
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Use of carbon coated ceramic barriers for adsorptive removal of fluoride and permanent immobilization of the spent adsorbent barriers. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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28
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Vilakati BR, Sivasankar V, Nxumalo EN, Mamba BB, Omine K, Msagati TAM. Fluoride removal studies using virgin and Ti (IV)-modified Musa paradisiaca (plantain pseudo-stem) carbons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:11565-11578. [PMID: 29982945 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of carbons in virgin and Ti-modified forms under controlled conditions at low temperature from plantain pseudo-stem (Musa paradisiaca) was achieved. These prepared carbons were characterized for instrumental studies such as BET, FTIR, XRD, SEM with EDS and TGA to understand the chemistry and modification. The determination of IEP and pHZPC established the presence of positive surface sites on the virgin (VMPC) and Ti-modified (TiMPC) carbons to facilitate the sorption of fluoride. The fluoride removal efficiency as a function of time, pH, dose, initial fluoride concentration, temperature, and co-ion intervention was studied. The maximum fluoride removal of about 81.2 and 97.7% was achievable with VMPC and TiMPC, respectively, after 20 min at the pH of 2.04 and continued for the equilibrium of 60 min. Temperature was found to be influential both by way of initial increase followed by a decrease in the fluoride uptake of MPCs. Regeneration was very consistent up to 7 cycles with the residual fluoride concentration below the WHO guide line of 1.5 mg L-1. Highest intervention due to hydrogen carbonate ions was observed during the fluoride removal process. Kinetic (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intra-particle diffusion) and isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, and DKR) were checked for their compliance with the present sorption system. These low temperature synthesized MPCs are found to be effective candidates in the process of fluoride abatement in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongekile R Vilakati
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (Nano WS) Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1710, South Africa
| | - Venkataraman Sivasankar
- Geo-tech laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852 8521, Japan.
- Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 030, India.
| | - Edward N Nxumalo
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (Nano WS) Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1710, South Africa
| | - Bhekie B Mamba
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (Nano WS) Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1710, South Africa
| | - Kiyoshi Omine
- Geo-tech laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852 8521, Japan
| | - Titus A M Msagati
- Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability (Nano WS) Research Unit, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1710, South Africa.
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Saikia J, Sarmah S, Saikia P, Goswamee RL. Harmful weed to prospective adsorbent: low-temperature-carbonized Ipomoea carnea stem carbon coated with aluminum oxyhydroxide nanoparticles for defluoridation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:721-737. [PMID: 30414028 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3572-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gainful utilization of stems of the pernicious weed, Ipomoea carnea, to prepare good quality carbon and its modification with aluminum oxyhydroxide (AlOOH) nanoparticles for efficient defluoridation from contaminated drinking water is discussed in this paper. Surface functional groups are enhanced by functionalization of the carbons under acid treatment which acted as anchor to the AlOOH nanoparticles. Formation of AlOOH particles over the carbon surface is confirmed from X-ray diffractometry analysis. The AlOOH-carbon nanocomposite showed higher fluoride removal capacity than the neat AlOOH nanoparticles with a maximum removal capacity in the range of 46.55-53.71 mg g-1. Reaction kinetics and isotherm studies showed that fluoride adsorption is quite feasible on the adsorbent surface. The column study showed the possibility of the adsorbent for large-scale applications. The adsorbent can be regenerated by a mild treatment with 0.1 N NaOH solutions. The adsorbent is highly capable for defluoridation from synthetic as well as fluoride-contaminated natural water and, thus, can be used as an alternative for commercial defluoridation adsorbents. The use of Ipomoea carnea for defluoridation can be a way of producing low-cost adsorbent material, and the use for such purposes may also be helpful to control the weed up to a good extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitu Saikia
- Advanced Materials Group, Materials Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jorhat Campus, Jorhat, India
| | - Susmita Sarmah
- Advanced Materials Group, Materials Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jorhat Campus, Jorhat, India
| | - Pinky Saikia
- Advanced Materials Group, Materials Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, 785006, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jorhat Campus, Jorhat, India
| | - Rajib Lochan Goswamee
- Advanced Materials Group, Materials Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, 785006, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Jorhat Campus, Jorhat, India.
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Chunhui L, Jin T, Puli Z, Bin Z, Duo B, Xuebin L. Simultaneous removal of fluoride and arsenic in geothermal water in Tibet using modified yak dung biochar as an adsorbent. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:181266. [PMID: 30564414 PMCID: PMC6281945 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride (F) and arsenic (As) are two typical and harmful elements that are found in high concentrations in geothermal water in Tibet. In this work, yak dung, an abundant source of biomass energy in Tibet, was made into biochars (BC1, BC2 and BC3) by pyrolysis under different conditions, and the better biochar was modified by FeCl2 (Fe-BC3). The adsorption conditions were optimized to adsorb F and As in geothermal water. The results showed that BC3 can remove 90% F- and 20% As(V), which is the best effect of the three initial biochars. Fe-BC3 could remove 94% F- and 99.45% As(V) under the same conditions as BC3, which was an adsorbent dosage 10 g l-1, pH 5-6 and temperature of 25°C. It was also demonstrated that the removal rate did not decrease at 80°C. A quasi-second-order kinetic model best described the adsorption behaviour of ions on the surface of the biochar. The maximum adsorption capacity of F- and As(V) on Fe-BC3 was 3.928 mg g-1 and 2.926 mg g-1, respectively. The features of Fe-BC3 were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, energy-dispersive spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy to understand the adsorption process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Chunhui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Puli
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Bin
- The Administrative Center for China's Agenda21, Beijing 100038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bu Duo
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xuebin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, People's Republic of China
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