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Rakonjac N, Roex E, Beeltje H. Surface water monitoring of chemicals associated with animal husbandry in an agricultural region in the Netherlands using passive sampling. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:670. [PMID: 38940882 PMCID: PMC11213807 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Compounds originating from animal husbandry can pollute surface water through the application of manure to soil. Typically, grab sampling is employed to detect these residues, which only provides information on the concentration at the time of sampling. To better understand the emission patterns of these compounds, we utilized passive samplers in surface water to collect data at eight locations in a Dutch agricultural region, during different time intervals. As a passive sampler, we chose the integrative-based Speedisk® hydrophilic DVB. In total, we targeted 46 compounds, among which 25 antibiotics, three hormones, nine antiparasitics, and nine disinfectants. From these 46 compounds, 22 compounds accumulated in passive samplers in amounts above the limit of quantification in at least one sampling location. Over the 12-week deployment period, a time integrative uptake pattern was identified in 53% of the examined cases, with the remaining 47% not displaying this behavior. The occurrences without this behavior were primarily associated with specific location, particularly the most upstream location, or specific compounds. Our findings suggest that the proposed use of passive samplers, when compared in this limited context to traditional grab sampling, may provide enhanced efficiency and potentially enable the detection of a wider array of compounds. In fact, a number of compounds originating from animal husbandry activities were quantified for the first time in Dutch surface waters, such as flubendazole, florfenicol, and tilmicosine. The set-up of the sampling campaign also allowed to distinguish between different pollution levels during sampling intervals on the same location. This aspect gains particular significance when considering the utilization of different compounds on various occasions, hence, it has the potential to strengthen ongoing monitoring and mitigation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Rakonjac
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Erwin Roex
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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2
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Cao H, Bu Q, Li Q, Yang L, Tang J, Yu G. Evaluation of the DGT passive samplers for integrating fluctuating concentrations of pharmaceuticals in surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172067. [PMID: 38565352 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGTs) have been well-documented for the measurement of a broad range of organic pollutants in surface water. However, the performance has been challenged by the inherent periodic concentration fluctuations for most organic pollutants. Therefore, there is an urgent need to assess the true time-weighted average (TWA) concentration based on fluctuating concentration profiles. The study aimed to evaluate the responsiveness of DGT and accuracy of TWA concentrations, considering various concentration fluctuating scenarios of 20 pharmaceuticals in surface water. The reliability and accuracy of the TWA concentrations measured by the DGT were assessed by comparison with the sum of cumulative mass of DGT exposed at different stages over the deployment period. The results showed that peak concentration duration (1-5 days), peak concentration fluctuation intensity (6-20 times), and occurrence time of peak concentration fluctuation (early, middle, and late stages) have minimal effect on DGT's response to most target pharmaceutical concentration fluctuations (0.8 < CDGT/CTWA < 1.2). While the downward-bent accumulations of a few pharmaceuticals on DGT occur as the sampling time increases, which could be accounted for by capacity effects during a long-time sampling period. Additionally, the DGT device had good sampling performance in recording short fluctuating concentrations from a pulse event returning to background concentrations with variable intensity and duration. This study revealed a satisfactory capacity for the evaluation of the TWA concentration of pharmaceuticals integrated over the period of different pulse deployment for DGT, suggesting that this passive sampler is ideally suited as a monitoring tool for field application. This study represents the first trial for evaluating DGT sampling performance for pharmaceuticals with multiple concentration fluctuating scenarios over time, which would be valuable for assessing the pollution status in future monitoring campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Cao
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qingwei Bu
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China.
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Gang Yu
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University (Zhuhai Campus), Zhuhai 519087, PR China
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Mazzella N, Bernard M, Guibal R, Boutry S, Lissalde S, Guibaud G. Proposal of a new empirical model with flow velocity to improve time-weighted average concentration estimates from the Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141062. [PMID: 38159734 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
It is now widely recognized that the sampling rate of Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers (POCIS) is significantly affected by flow velocity, which can cause a consequent bias when determining time-weighted average concentrations (TWAC). We already observed the desorption of deisopropylatrazine (DIA) over time when added to the receiving phase of a POCIS. This desorption rate was particularly influenced by flow velocity, in an agitated water environment in situ. In the method presented here, we calibrated 30 pesticides under controlled laboratory conditions, varying the flow velocity over four levels. We simultaneously studied the desorption rate of DIA-d5 (a deuterated form of DIA) over time. An empirical model based on a power law involving flow velocity was used to process the information from the accumulation kinetics of the compounds of interest and elimination of DIA-d5. This type of model makes it possible to consider the effect of this crucial factor on exchange kinetics, and then to obtain more accurate TWACs with reduced bias and more acceptable dispersion of results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marion Bernard
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas, France
| | - Robin Guibal
- Université de Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, Cedex 87060, France
| | | | - Sophie Lissalde
- Université de Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, Cedex 87060, France
| | - Gilles Guibaud
- Université de Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges, Cedex 87060, France
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de Lima Feltraco Lizot L, Bastiani MF, Hahn RZ, Meireles YF, Freitas M, do Nascimento CA, Linden R. Determination of the pyrethroid inseticide metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid in wastewater using polar organic integrative samplers and LC-MS/MS analysis. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Bernard M, Boutry S, Guibal R, Morin S, Lissalde S, Guibaud G, Saüt M, Rebillard JP, Mazzella N. Multivariate Tiered Approach To Highlight the Link between Large-Scale Integrated Pesticide Concentrations from Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers and Watershed Land Uses. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3152-3163. [PMID: 36749916 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a multi-step methodology to identify relationships between integrative pesticide quantifications and land uses on a given watershed of the Adour-Garonne Basin (Southwestern France). In fact, a large amount of pesticide concentration data was collected from 51 sites located in the Adour-Garonne Basin for a 1 year monitoring period in 2016. The sampling devices used here were polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS), which provided time-weighted average concentration estimates. For each study site, its associated watershed and land cover distribution were determined using Corine Land Cover 2012 (CLC 2012) and Geographic Information System (GIS). The large-scale data were analyzed using multivariate statistical analyses, such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). HCA grouped the 51 sites into five clusters with similar primary land uses. Next, the integrated pesticide concentration and land use distribution data sets were analyzed in a PCA. The key variables responsible for discriminating the sample sites showed distribution patterns consistent with specific land uses. To confirm these observations, pesticide fingerprints from sites with contrasting land uses were compared using a waffle method. The overall multivariate approach allowed for the identification of contamination sources related to their likely initial use, at the watershed level, that could be useful for preventing or containing pesticide pollution beyond simply acting on areas at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Bernard
- Inrae, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas, France
| | | | - Robin Guibal
- Université de Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Soizic Morin
- Inrae, UR EABX, 50 Avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas, France
| | - Sophie Lissalde
- Université de Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Gilles Guibaud
- Université de Limoges, E2Lim, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87060 Limoges, France
| | - Margaux Saüt
- DREAL Occitanie, 1 Rue de la Cité Administrative, 31000 Toulouse, France
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Voltz M, Guibaud G, Dagès C, Douzals JP, Guibal R, Grimbuhler S, Grünberger O, Lissalde S, Mazella N, Samouëlian A, Simon S. Pesticide and agro-ecological transition: assessing the environmental and human impacts of pesticides and limiting their use. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1-5. [PMID: 34792772 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Voltz
- Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Interactions Sols-Agrosystèmes-Hydrosystèmes (LISAH), Université de Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Cedex 1, Montpellier, France.
| | - Gilles Guibaud
- Peirene-Eau, EA 7500-URA INRAE, Université de Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87 060m, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Cécile Dagès
- Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Interactions Sols-Agrosystèmes-Hydrosystèmes (LISAH), Université de Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Cedex 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Paul Douzals
- Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Technologies & Méthodes pour les Agricultures de Demain (ITAP), Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 361 rue Jean - François Breton BP 5095, 34196, Montpellier, France
| | - Robin Guibal
- Peirene-Eau, EA 7500-URA INRAE, Université de Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87 060m, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Sonia Grimbuhler
- Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Technologies & Méthodes pour les Agricultures de Demain (ITAP), Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 361 rue Jean - François Breton BP 5095, 34196, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Grünberger
- Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Interactions Sols-Agrosystèmes-Hydrosystèmes (LISAH), Université de Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Cedex 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Lissalde
- Peirene-Eau, EA 7500-URA INRAE, Université de Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87 060m, Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Mazella
- Centre de Bordeaux, INRAE, UR EABX - Équipe ECOVEA, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612, Cestas cedex, France
| | - Anatja Samouëlian
- Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Interactions Sols-Agrosystèmes-Hydrosystèmes (LISAH), Université de Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Cedex 1, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Simon
- Peirene-Eau, EA 7500-URA INRAE, Université de Limoges, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, 87 060m, Limoges Cedex, France
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Sampling Rate of Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS): Influence Factors and Calibration Methods. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10165548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
As a passive sampling device, the polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) has the characteristics of simple operation, safety, and reliability for assessing the occurrence and risk of persistent and emerging trace organic pollutants. The POCIS, allowing for the determination of time-weighted average (TWA) concentration of polar organic chemicals, exhibits good application prospects in aquatic environments. Before deploying the device in water, the sampling rate (Rs), which is a key parameter for characterizing pollutant enrichment, should be determined and calibrated accurately. However, the Rs values strongly depend on experimental hydrodynamic conditions. This paper provides an overview of the current situation of the POCIS for environmental monitoring of organic pollutants in an aquatic system. The principle and theory of the POCIS are outlined. In particular, the effect factors such as the ambient conditions, pollutant properties, and device features on the Rs are analyzed in detail from aspects of impact dependence and mechanisms. The calibration methods of the Rs under laboratory and in situ conditions are summarized. This review offers supplementary information on comprehensive understanding of mechanism and application of the POCIS. Nevertheless, the Rs were impacted by a combined effect of solute–sorbent–membrane–solution, and the influence extent of each variable was still unclear. On this basis, the ongoing challenges are proposed for the future application of the POCIS in the actual environment, for instance, the need for this device to be improved in terms of quantitative methods for more accurate measurement of the Rs.
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Taylor RB, Toteu Djomte V, Bobbitt JM, Hering AS, Chen S, Chambliss CK. Effects of Environmentally Relevant Concentration Exposure Profiles on Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) Sampling Rates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:8848-8856. [PMID: 32598138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) is a passive sampling device that offers many advantages over traditional discrete sampling methods, but quantitative time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations rely heavily on the robustness of sampling rates. The effects of changing chemical concentration exposures on POCIS sampling rates and its ability to operate in an integrative regime were investigated for 12 pesticides across a range of environmentally relevant concentrations. In five independent 21-day experiments, POCIS devices were exposed to these compounds at constant concentrations ranging from 3 to 60 μg/L and multiple pulsed concentrations with maximum peaks ranging from 5 to 150 μg/L (TWA concentrations = 3 to 92 μg/L). For the 21-day exposures to constant and pulsed concentrations, there were no significant differences in the POCIS sampling rates between corresponding TWA concentrations. Similarly, there was no significant effect on POCIS ability to operate in an integrative regime. However, loss of linearity was visible for some replicates when exposed to higher pulsed concentrations over an extended period. Modeling and Freundlich isotherms did not predict sorbent saturation, but the extraction and reconstitution protocol likely contributed to atrazine dissolution and subsequent underestimation of sorbed chemical mass when HLB adsorption exceeded 400 μg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raegyn B Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Valerie Toteu Djomte
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Jonathan M Bobbitt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Amanda S Hering
- Department of Statistical Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Sunmao Chen
- Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, Greensboro, North Carolina 27409, United States
| | - C Kevin Chambliss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
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Booij K, Chen S, Trask JR. POCIS Calibration for Organic Compound Sampling in Small Headwater Streams. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2020; 39:1334-1342. [PMID: 32408378 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Field-based atrazine sampling rates (Rs ) obtained by the polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) method were measured in 9 headwater streams over 3 yr covering 5 to 6 exposure periods of 2 to 3 wk/site/yr. Rates were best in line with the model Rs = 148 mL/d, with a standard deviation of 0.17 log units (factor 1.5). The POCIS canisters reduced mass transfer coefficients of the water boundary layer by a factor of 2 as measured by alabaster dissolution rates. A mechanistic model that accounts for flow and temperature effects yielded a fair estimate of the effective exchange surface area (12.5 ± 0.8 cm2 ). This model could only be tested for higher flow velocities because of uncertainties associated with the measurement of flow velocities <1 cm/s. Pictures of sorbent distributions in POCIS devices showed that the effective exchange surface area varied with time during the exposures. Error analysis indicated that sorbent distributions and chemical analysis were minor error sources. Our main conclusion is that an atrazine sampling rate of 148 mL/d yielded consistent results for all 3 yr across 9 headwater streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1334-1342. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kees Booij
- Passive Sampling of Organic Compounds (PaSOC), Kimswerd, The Netherlands
| | - Sunmao Chen
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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