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Wang J, Wang S, Hu C. Advanced treatment of coking wastewater: Recent advances and prospects. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140923. [PMID: 38092162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Advanced treatment of refractory industrial wastewater is still a challenge. Coking wastewater is one of coal chemical wastewater, which contains various refractory organic pollutants. To meet the more and more rigorous discharge standard and increase the reuse ratio of coking wastewater, advanced treatment process must be set for treating the biologically treated coking wastewater. To date, several advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), including Fenton, ozone, persulfate-based oxidation, and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis, have been applied for the advanced treatment of coking wastewater. However, the performance of different advanced treatment processes changed greatly, depending on the components of coking wastewater and the unique characteristics of advanced treatment processes. In this review article, the state-of-the-art advanced treatment process of coking wastewater was systematically summarized and analyzed. Firstly, the major organic pollutants in the secondary effluents of coking wastewater was briefly introduced, to better understand the characteristics of the biologically treated coking wastewater. Then, the performance of various advanced treatment processes, including physiochemical methods, biological methods, advanced oxidation methods and combined methods were discussed for the advanced treatment of coking wastewater in detail. Finally, the conclusions and remarks were provided. This review will be helpful for the proper selection of advanced treatment processes and promote the development of advanced treatment processes for coking wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Shizong Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Chengzhi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Chi C, Zhou X, Wang Y, Gao X, Bai J, Guo Y, Ni J. Treatment of coking wastewater using a needle coke electro-Fenton cathode: optimizing of COD, NH 4+-N, and TOC removal and characterization of pollutants. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:106-122. [PMID: 37452537 PMCID: wst_2023_172 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Coking wastewater is a typical organic refractory wastewater characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, and total organic carbon (TOC). Herein, coking wastewater was treated using a heterogeneous electro-Fenton (EF) system comprising a novel iron-loaded needle coke composite cathode (Fe-NCCC) and a dimensionally stable anode. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the reaction conditions. The predicted and actual COD removal rates were 92.13 and 89.96% under optimum conditions of an applied voltage of 4.92 V, an electrode spacing of 2.29 cm, and an initial pH of 3.01. The optimized removal rate of NH4+-N and TOC was 84.12 and 73.44%, respectively. The color of coking wastewater decreased from 250-fold to colorless, and the BOD5/COD increased from 0.126 to 0.34. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show that macromolecular heterocyclic organic compounds decomposed into straight-chain small molecules and even completely mineralized. The energy consumption of the EF process was 23.5 RMB Yuan per cubic meter of coking wastewater. The EF system comprising the Fe-NCCC can effectively remove pollutants from coking wastewater, has low electricity consumption, and can simultaneously reduce various pollution indicators with potential applications in the treatment of high-concentration and difficult-to-degrade organic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China E-mail:
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Ansteel Mining Engineering Corporation, Anshan 114004, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Coal & Coking Technology and Efficient Utilization of Coal Resources, The Education Department of Liaoning Province, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Jinfeng Bai
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China; Engineering Research Center of Advanced Coal & Coking Technology and Efficient Utilization of Coal Resources, The Education Department of Liaoning Province, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Yuting Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
| | - Jianwen Ni
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, China
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Deng F, Olvera-Vargas H, Zhou M, Qiu S, Sirés I, Brillas E. Critical Review on the Mechanisms of Fe 2+ Regeneration in the Electro-Fenton Process: Fundamentals and Boosting Strategies. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4635-4662. [PMID: 36917618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
This review presents an exhaustive overview on the mechanisms of Fe3+ cathodic reduction within the context of the electro-Fenton (EF) process. Different strategies developed to improve the reduction rate are discussed, dividing them into two categories that regard the mechanistic feature that is promoted: electron transfer control and mass transport control. Boosting the Fe3+ conversion to Fe2+ via electron transfer control includes: (i) the formation of a series of active sites in both carbon- and metal-based materials and (ii) the use of other emerging strategies such as single-atom catalysis or confinement effects. Concerning the enhancement of Fe2+ regeneration by mass transport control, the main routes involve the application of magnetic fields, pulse electrolysis, interfacial Joule heating effects, and photoirradiation. Finally, challenges are singled out, and future prospects are described. This review aims to clarify the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycling process in the EF process, eventually providing essential ideas for smart design of highly effective systems for wastewater treatment and valorization at an industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China.,Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hugo Olvera-Vargas
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (IER-UNAM), Priv. Xochicalco S/N, Col. Centro, Temixco, Morelos CP 62580, México
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China
| | - Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Ignasi Sirés
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Brillas
- Laboratori d'Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Secció de Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Chi C, Zhou X, Wang Y, Zhang H, Meng G, Hu Y, Bai Z. Preparation of needle coke composite cathode and its treatment of RhB wastewater. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Varindani A, Anantha Singh TS, Menon P, Nidheesh PV. Chelate-modified Electro-Fenton process for mixed industrial wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3497-3506. [PMID: 33944690 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1923819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Chelate-modified EF process for the removal of COD at near neutral pHTreatment of the mixed industrial wastewater with very low BOD/COD ratioInfluence of Fenton catalyst and chelating agent dosage on COD removal.Comparable COD removal of 67% with Chelate-modified EF at near neutral pH and 66% with EF at acidic pH.Mineralization current efficiency and instantaneous current efficiency for COD removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Varindani
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, India
| | - T S Anantha Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, India
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, India
| | - Poornima Menon
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, India
| | - P V Nidheesh
- CSIR, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
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Tian F, Li F, Zhang C. Visible light assisted FeOOH/CeO 2/C deep degradation of organic matter in coking wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:48986-48994. [PMID: 35201576 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In order to degrade hard-to-degrade organic pollutants such as amines, phenols, naphthalenes, pyrroles and pyridazines in coking wastewater, the nano-FeOOH/CeO2/C composite catalysts (FCHCoke) were prepared. Firstly the catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, BET, BJH and UV/Vis/NIR. Then UV-Vis and GC-MS were used to detect the products in the degradation process of organic pollutants, respectively. The results showed that the average pore size of FCHCoke was 2-6 nm and the carrier coke enhanced the ability of the catalyst to absorbs visible light. Each intermittent light exposure for 2 h showed a better photodegradation. Under the intermittent irradiation of visible light of for a total of 8 h, 100µg۰mL-1aniline and phenol were completely degraded. Dihydronaphthalene, esters, pyrrole, pyridazine, oxime and macromolecular alkanes in coking wastewater were also completely degraded. The acidity of pH=6 is more suitable for the photodegradation reaction of the catalyst. Organic degradation is the result of a combination of chemical catalysis and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, 030619 Yuzi University City, Shanxi Province, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, 030619 Yuzi University City, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Caifeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Taiyuan Normal University, 030619 Yuzi University City, Shanxi Province, China
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Qiu S, Tang W, Yang S, Xie J, Yu D, Garcia-Rodriguez O, Qu J, Bai S, Deng F. A microbubble-assisted rotary tubular titanium cathode for boosting Fenton's reagents in the electro-Fenton process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127403. [PMID: 34879586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To improve cathodic H2O2 accumulation and Fe3+ reduction synchronously in the electro-Fenton (EF) process, a microbubble-assisted rotary tubular titanium cathode (MRTTC) was designed for the first time. By utilizing this MRTTC, H2O2 accumulation improved by 4.05-fold, along with a 200% enhancement in iron reduction compared to the conventional EF process. This promotion is mainly attributed to a considerably higher oxygen mass transfer, which reduces the thickness of the adhered diffusion layer. The oxygen mass transfer coefficient (KLa) also improved from 0.0073 s-1 to 0.012 s-1 at a rotational speed of 300 rpm. In addition, the microbubble-assisted cathode further improved the KLa to 0.047 s-1. The synergistic effect between the rotating and microbubble-assisted cathodes further intensified H2O2 accumulation in MRTTC. Apart from H2O2 promotion, the iron reduction rate was elevated because the newly formed O2-• provided an additional reduction pathway for Fe3+ reduction in addition to the cathodic path. The effectiveness of MRTTC was confirmed by treating a benchmark organic pollutant, sulfamerazine (SMR), where approximately 100% SMR decay was obtained in 3 h. The results show that MRTTC is a novel and promising design in EF for antibiotic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wangwang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jinyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Difei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Orlando Garcia-Rodriguez
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Dr. 2, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Jianhua Qu
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shunwen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Fengxia Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources Centre, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Abstract
Persistent organic contaminants affecting soil and groundwater pose a significant threat to ecosystems and human health. Fenton oxidation is an efficient treatment for removing these pollutants in the aqueous phase at acidic pH. However, the in-situ application of this technology for soil remediation (where pHs around neutrality are required) presents important limitations, such as catalyst (iron) availability and oxidant (H2O2) stability. The addition of chelating agents (CAs), forming complexes with Fe and enabling Fenton reactions under these conditions, so-called chelate-modified Fenton process (MF), tries to overcome the challenges identified in conventional Fenton. Despite the growing interest in this technology, there is not yet a critical review compiling the information needed for its real application. The advantages and drawbacks of MF must be clarified, and the recent achievements should be shared with the scientific community. This review provides a general overview of the application of CAs to enhance the Fenton process for the remediation of soils polluted with the most common organic contaminants, especially for a deep understanding of the activation mechanisms and influential factors. The existing shortcomings and research needs have been highlighted. Finally, future research perspectives on the use of CAs in MF and recommendations have been provided.
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