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Lapalikar V, Dacha P, Hambsch M, Hofstetter YJ, Vaynzof Y, Mannsfeld SCB, Ruck M. Influence of chemical interactions on the electronic properties of BiOI/organic semiconductor heterojunctions for application in solution-processed electronics. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. C 2024; 12:1366-1376. [PMID: 38282908 PMCID: PMC10809049 DOI: 10.1039/d3tc03443g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Bismuth oxide iodide (BiOI) has been viewed as a suitable environmentally-friendly alternative to lead-halide perovskites for low-cost (opto-)electronic applications such as photodetectors, phototransistors and sensors. To enable its incorporation in these devices in a convenient, scalable, and economical way, BiOI thin films were investigated as part of heterojunctions with various p-type organic semiconductors (OSCs) and tested in a field-effect transistor (FET) configuration. The hybrid heterojunctions, which combine the respective functionalities of BiOI and the OSCs were processed from solution under ambient atmosphere. The characteristics of each of these hybrid systems were correlated with the physical and chemical properties of the respective materials using a concept based on heteropolar chemical interactions at the interface. Systems suitable for application in lateral transport devices were identified and it was demonstrated how materials in the hybrids interact to provide improved and synergistic properties. These indentified heterojunction FETs are a first instance of successful incorporation of solution-processed BiOI thin films in a three-terminal device. They show a significant threshold voltage shift and retained carrier mobility compared to pristine OSC devices and open up possibilities for future optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaidehi Lapalikar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Preetam Dacha
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Mike Hambsch
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Yvonne J Hofstetter
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technische Universität Dresden Nöthnitzer Str. 61 01187 Dresden Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Yana Vaynzof
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technische Universität Dresden Nöthnitzer Str. 61 01187 Dresden Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Stefan C B Mannsfeld
- Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Michael Ruck
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40 01187 Dresden Germany
- Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
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Shen Y, Zeng X, Chen M, Du Y, Cheng J, Xie Q. Photoelectrochemical aptasensing of lincomycin based on a AgI-carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes-BiOI Z-scheme heterojunction. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1278:341753. [PMID: 37709479 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Lincomycin (LIN) is a common antibiotic that is widely used in animal husbandry and other fields, and the residual problem caused by its abuse has attracted widespread attention. Herein, a novel AgI-carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNT)-BiOI Z-scheme heterojunction material was synthesized via a one-pot hydrothermal method, modified on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode surface, and used for detecting LIN. The photocurrent on the AgI-cMWCNT-BiOI/FTO photoelectrode is 4.6 times that on the control AgI-BiOI/FTO photoelectrode. An amino-functionalized LIN aptamer was fixed on the AgI-cMWCNT-BiOI/FTO photoelectrode by the cross-linking reaction between chitosan and glutaraldehyde, and then Ru(NH3)63+ was electrostatically attached to the LIN aptamer to increase the photocurrent response to the LIN binding. When LIN binds competitively with Ru(NH3)63+ to the aptamer, the photocurrent signal can be quantitatively decreased. Under optimized conditions, the anodic photocurrent at 0 V vs KCl-saturated calomel electrode in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.100 M ascorbic acid was linear with the common logarithm of LIN concentration from 10.0 pM to 500 nM, with a limit of detection of 2.8 pM (S/N = 3). Satisfactory recovery results were obtained in the analysis of cow milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xingyu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Mingjian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yun Du
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Qingji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education of China), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Khaleque M, Ali M, Bacchu M, Mamun M, Hossain M, Hossain M, Aly Saad Aly M, Khan M. Zinc oxide nanorod/rutin modified electrode for the detection of Thiourea in real samples. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20676. [PMID: 37860551 PMCID: PMC10582497 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel electrochemical detection strategy was developed based on a metal-organic framework of zinc oxide nanorod nanoparticles and rutin for selective screening of Thiourea as toxic chemicals. The zinc oxide nanorod were synthesized by following direct chemical precipitation methods and characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. The surface of modified electrodes was also characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopes, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflectance flourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the electrochemical activity of the developed sensor was tested by cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The modified electrode showed outstanding electro-catalytic activity towards the detection of Thiourea in phosphate buffer saline at a high pH level of 12.0. The proposed sensor showed a linear range of linearity in a concentration ranging from 5.0 × 10-6 - 900 × 10-6 molL-1 and a detection limit of 2.0 × 10-6 molL-1. Moreover, the selectivity of the developed electrochemical sensor was investigated for the detection of Thiourea in the presence of organic compounds and a group of anions. Furthermore, the proposed strategy demonstrated an excellent recovery value in the spiked farmland water and fruit juice sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.A. Khaleque
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M.R. Ali
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M.S. Bacchu
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M.R.A. Mamun
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M.I. Hossain
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - M.S. Hossain
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed Aly Saad Aly
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Tech Shenzhen Institute (GTSI), Tianjin University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - M.Z.H. Khan
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Laboratory of Nano-bio and Advanced Materials Engineering (NAME), Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
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Mistewicz K, Das TK, Nowacki B, Smalcerz A, Kim HJ, Hajra S, Godzierz M, Masiuchok O. Bismuth sulfoiodide (BiSI) nanorods: synthesis, characterization, and photodetector application. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8800. [PMID: 37258802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35899-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The nanorods of bismuth sulfoiodide (BiSI) were synthesized at relatively low temperature (393 K) through a wet chemical method. The crystalline one-dimensional (1D) structure of the BiSI nanorods was confirmed using high resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM). The morphology and chemical composition of the material were examined by applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The average diameter of 126(3) nm and length of 1.9(1) µm of the BiSI nanorods were determined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that prepared material consists of a major orthorhombic BiSI phase (87%) and a minor amount of hexagonal Bi13S18I2 phase (13%) with no presence of other residual phases. The direct energy band gap of 1.67(1) eV was determined for BiSI film using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Two types of photodetectors were constructed from BiSI nanorods. The first one was traditional photoconductive device based on BiSI film on stiff glass substrate equipped with Au electrodes. An influence of light intensity on photocurrent response to monochromatic light (λ = 488 nm) illumination was studied at a constant bias voltage. The novel flexible photo-chargeable device was the second type of prepared photodetectors. It consisted of BiSI film and gel electrolyte layer sandwiched between polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates coated with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The flexible self-powered BiSI photodetector exhibited open-circuit photovoltage of 68 mV and short-circuit photocurrent density of 0.11 nA/cm2 under light illumination with intensity of 0.127 W/cm2. These results confirmed high potential of BiSI nanorods for use in self-powered photodetectors and photo-chargeable capacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystian Mistewicz
- Institute of Physics - Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Tushar Kanti Das
- Institute of Physics - Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019, Katowice, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Nowacki
- Department of Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Materials Science, Joint Doctorate School, Silesian University of Technology, Krasinskiego 8, 40-019, Katowice, Poland
| | - Albert Smalcerz
- Department of Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Materials Science, Silesian University of Technology, Krasinskiego 8, 40-019, Katowice, Poland
| | - Hoe Joon Kim
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugato Hajra
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Marcin Godzierz
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
- International Polish-Ukrainian Research Laboratory Formation and Characterization of Advanced Polymers and Polymer Composites (ADPOLCOM), Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Olha Masiuchok
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819, Zabrze, Poland
- International Polish-Ukrainian Research Laboratory Formation and Characterization of Advanced Polymers and Polymer Composites (ADPOLCOM), Kyiv, Ukraine
- E.O. Paton Electric Welding Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 11 Kazymyr Malevych Str, Kyiv, 03680, Ukraine
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Farahain Binti Khusnun N, Jalil AA, Ahmad A, Ikram M, Hassan NS, Nabgan W, Bahari M, Kasmani R, Norazahar N. New insight into the kinetic study on the different loadings of the CuO/CNT catalyst and its optimization for p-chloroaniline photodegradation. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:2836-2843. [PMID: 36131999 PMCID: PMC9418641 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00216g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the copper (Cu) content on Cu oxide loaded onto a carbon nanotube (CuO/CNT) catalyst on the mechanistic, kinetic, and photonic efficiency of the photodegradation of p-chloroaniline (PCA) under visible (Vis) and ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation has been explored. For low-loading (1-5 wt%) CuO/CNTs, photodegradation performed better under UV (>84%) rather than the Vis system; this may be due to the presence of abundant defect sites on both CuO and CNTs, which allowed the multielectron reduction of oxygen at their impurity levels to generate more hydrogen peroxide and subsequent ·OH radicals. The active species under UV were in the following order: h+ ≫ e- > ·OH, while it was vice versa for the Vis system with a well-balanced 50 wt% CuO/CNT catalyst that exhibited a similar performance. The kinetic study showed the transition of the kinetic order from the zeroth to the first order on increasing the PCA concentration under the Vis system and vice versa for the UV system. The Thiele modulus (ϕ) further confirmed that the effect of internal mass transfer was negligible under UV light. In contrast, the transition from mass transfer to kinetic control limitation was observed under the Vis system. The optimum PCA degradation predicted from the response surface analysis was 97.36% at the reaction pH of 7.3, catalyst dosage of 0.45 g L-1, and initial PCA concentration of 11.02 mg L-1. The condition obtained was fairly close to the forecasted value with an error of 0.26%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Farahain Binti Khusnun
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Aishah Abdul Jalil
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Arshad Ahmad
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Solar Cell Applications Research Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore 54000 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Nurul Sahida Hassan
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Walid Nabgan
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira I Virgili Av Països Catalans 26 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Mahadi Bahari
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Rafiziana Kasmani
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Norafneeza Norazahar
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
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Spontaneous Adsorption and Efficient Photodegradation of Indigo Carmine under Visible Light by Bismuth Oxyiodide Nanoparticles Fabricated Entirely at Room Temperature. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10050065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bismuth oxyiodide (BiOI) is a targeted material for its relative safety and photocatalytic activity under visible light. In this study, a successful simple and energy-saving route was applied to prepare BiOI through a sonochemical process at room temperature. The characterization of the prepared BiOI was conducted by physical means. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) image showed that the BiOI comprises nanoparticles of about 20 nm. Also, the surface area of the BiOI was found to be 34.03 m2 g−1 with an energy gap of 1.835 eV. The adsorption and photocatalytic capacities of the BiOI were examined for the indigo carmine dye (IC) as a model water-pollutant via the batch experiment methodology. The solution parameters were optimized, including pH, contact time, IC concentration, and temperature. Worth mentioning that an adsorption capacity of 185 mg·g−1 was obtained from 100 mg L−1 IC solution at 25 °C within 60 min as an equilibrium time. In addition, the BiOI showed a high degradation efficiency towards IC under tungsten lamb (80 W), where 93% was removed within 180 min, and the complete degradation was accomplished in 240 min. The fabricated BiOI nanoparticles completely mineralized the IC under artificial visible light, as indicated by the total organic carbon analysis.
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Algethami FK, Elamin MR, Abdulkhair BY, Al‐Zharani M, Qarah NAS, Alghamdi MA. Fast fabrication of bismuth oxyiodide/carbon‐nanofibers composites for efficient anti‐proliferation of liver and breast cancer cells. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K. Algethami
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
| | - Mohamed R. Elamin
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
- Industrial research and consultancy center (IRCC) Khartoum North Sudan
| | - Babiker Y. Abdulkhair
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
- Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 407 Khartoum Sudan
| | - Mohammed Al‐Zharani
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Biology Department Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagib A. S. Qarah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education-Zabid Hodeidah University Hodeidah Yemen
| | - Mashael A. Alghamdi
- Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) College of Science, Chemistry Department P.O. Box 90905 Riyadh 11623 KSA
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Yan X, Qian J, Pei X, Zhou L, Ma R, Zhang M, Du Y, Bai L. Enhanced photodegradation of doxycycline (DOX) in the sustainable NiFe 2O 4/MWCNTs/BiOI system under UV light irradiation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 199:111264. [PMID: 33974840 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a magnetic NiFe2O4/MWCNTs/BiOI composite were fabricated and applied for enhanced and sustainable photocatalytic degradation of doxycycline (DOX) under UV light irradiation. The as-synthesized material was characterized by a series of techniques and its photocatalytic property was assessed via a couple of batch tests. With the pH at 3.0 and NiFe2O4/MWCNTs/BiOI loading of 1.5 g L-1, the DOX degradation (at 45 mg L-1) efficiency could achieve 92.18% with the reaction rate constant k of 0.0072 min-1. The high mineralization of DOX suggests the strong oxidation of both the parent pollutant and the intermediary products in the ternary catalyst system. DRS spectra indicated that compared with BiOI, the introduction of NiFe2O4 and MWCNTs reduces the band gap energy of the NiFe2O4/MWCNTs/BiOI. The quenching test illustrates that h+, OH and O2- all functioned in the developed photocatalytic system, where O2- and h+ play the dominant roles in DOX degradation. The more efficient electron-h+ separation and more oxidizing species induced by UV light resulted in the significant improvement of DOX abatement in the developed coupling system compared with that on either BiOI or NiFe2O4/MWCNTs. The magnetic property of NiFe2O4/MWCNTs/BiOI enables its easy separation of the solid catalyst from the reaction solution and the sustainable application in the photocatalysis. Based on the intermediates of DOX decomposition identified by UPLC-MS, the possible degradation routes were proposed accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi 'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi 'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Disaster Prevention and Geological Environment Protection,Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lihong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Disaster Prevention and Geological Environment Protection,Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi 'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingkuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi 'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yufei Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi 'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linqin Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi 'an, 710072, Shaanxi, China
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