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Meng Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Lv H, Xia F, Guo Q, Shi Q, Qiu C, Wang J. The biomedical application of inorganic metal nanoparticles in aging and aging-associated diseases. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00213-3. [PMID: 38821357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging and aging-associated diseases (AAD), including neurodegenerative disease, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, are inevitable process. With the gradual improvement of life style, life expectancy is gradually extended. However, the extended lifespan has not reduced the incidence of disease, and most elderly people are in ill-health state in their later years. Hence, understanding aging and AAD are significant for reducing the burden of the elderly. Inorganic metal nanoparticles (IMNPs) predominantly include gold, silver, iron, zinc, titanium, thallium, platinum, cerium, copper NPs, which has been widely used to prevent and treat aging and AAD due to their superior properties (essential metal ions for human body, easily synthesis and modification, magnetism). Therefore, a systematic review of common morphological alternations of senescent cells, altered genes and signal pathways in aging and AAD, and biomedical applications of IMNPs in aging and AAD is crucial for the further research and development of IMNPs in aging and AAD. This review focus on the existing research on cellular senescence, aging and AAD, as well as the applications of IMNPs in aging and AAD in the past decade. This review aims to provide cutting-edge knowledge involved with aging and AAD, the application of IMNPs in aging and AAD to promote the biomedical application of IMNPs in aging and AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Junzhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Haining Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qiuyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qianli Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Zhang H, Yan J, Nie G, Li X. Association between Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in Cancerous and Non-cancerous Tissues with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer Progression in Northwest China. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04077-9. [PMID: 38379000 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Alterations in heavy metals and trace element levels may be associated with various cancers. However, the role of this interaction in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is unclear. In recent years, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models have provided new ideas for analyzing the effects of metal mixtures on CRC progression. Herein, we assessed the differences in the levels of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) in tumors and adjacent healthy tissues, to investigate the relationship between heavy metals/trace elements and CRC progression. Surgical samples of CRC and noncancerous tissues were collected, and trace metal levels were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Logistic regression, PCA, and BKMR models were used to investigate the relationship between heavy metals and trace elements and the degree of tumor differentiation and lymph node metastasis in CRC. Cancer tissues showed lower As, Cd, Co, and Cr concentrations, and higher Se concentrations than healthy tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, CRC patients with poorly differentiated tumors and/or positive lymph node metastases had lower levels of Cd, Zn, Cu, and Se (P < 0.05). Logistic regression showed that single metal concentration was negatively correlated with CRC progression. PCA and BKMR models also showed that the metal mixture concentration was negatively correlated with CRC progression, with Cd contributing the most. Overall, changes in heavy metal and trace element levels may be related to the development of CRC; however, further mechanistic studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglong Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, No.1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guole Nie
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xun Li
- The First School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, No.1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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das Neves Vasconcellos Brandão IY, Ferreira de Macedo E, Barboza de Souza Silva PH, Fontana Batista A, Graciano Petroni SL, Gonçalves M, Conceição K, de Sousa Trichês E, Batista Tada D, Maass D. Bionanomining of copper-based nanoparticles using pre-processed mine tailings as the precursor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 338:117804. [PMID: 36996570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial synthesis of copper nanoparticles emerges as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional techniques since it comprises a single-step and bottom-up approach, which leads to stable metal nanoparticles. In this paper, we studied the biosynthesis of Cu-based nanoparticles by Rhodococcus erythropolis ATCC4277 using a pre-processed mining tailing as a precursor. The influence of pulp density and stirring rate on particle size was evaluated using a factor-at-time experimental design. The experiments were carried out in a stirred tank bioreactor for 24 h at 25 °C, wherein 5% (v/v) of bacterial inoculum was employed. The O2 flow rate was maintained at 1.0 L min-1 and the pH at 7.0. Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 21 ± 1 nm, were synthesized using 25 g.L-1 of mining tailing and a stirring rate of 250 rpm. Aiming to visualize some possible biomedical applications of the as-synthesized CuNPs, their antibacterial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli and their cytotoxicity was evaluated against Murine Embryonic Fibroblast (MEF) cells. The 7-day extract of CuNPs at 0.1 mg mL-1 resulted in 75% of MEF cell viability. In the direct method, the suspension of CuNPs at 0.1 mg mL-1 resulted in 70% of MEF cell viability. Moreover, the CuNPs at 0.1 mg mL-1 inhibited 60% of E. coli growth. Furthermore, the NPs were evaluated regarding their photocatalytic activity by monitoring the oxidation of methylene blue (MB) dye. The CuNPs synthesized showed rapid oxidation of MB dye, with the degradation of approximately 65% of dye content in 4 h. These results show that the biosynthesis of CuNPs by R. erythropolis using pre-processed mine tailing can be a suitable method to obtain CuNPs from environmental and economical perspectives, resulting in NPs useful for biomedical and photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erenilda Ferreira de Macedo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia; Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Fontana Batista
- Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE), Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Aeroespacial (DCTA), Zip-code 12228-904, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luis Graciano Petroni
- Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço (IAE), Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Aeroespacial (DCTA), Zip-code 12228-904, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maraisa Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia; Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia Conceição
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia; Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Eliandra de Sousa Trichês
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia; Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Dayane Batista Tada
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia; Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle Maass
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia; Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
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Ghoneum M, Alaa El-Dein M, Badr El-Din NK. Anticancer potential of Marina Crystal Minerals (MCM) against the growth of murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:113975. [PMID: 36371853 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro studies have shown that Marina Crystal Minerals (MCM), a crystallized mixture of minerals and trace elements from sea water, possesses apoptotic and immune modulatory effects in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. The current study aimed to evaluate MCM's anticancer effect in vivo against murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells and to explore its underlying mechanisms. Mice were inoculated intramuscularly with Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells, a breast adenocarcinoma. Tumors became palpable within 9 days. Tumor-bearing mice were injected with MCM intraperitoneally (IP) or intratumorally (IT) at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW for 6 days/week until day 28 post-inoculation. Tumor growth, cell cycle progression, cell cycle regulatory proteins, apoptosis, apoptotic regulatory markers, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), natural killer (NK) cell activity, and histopathological effects were investigated. Treatment with MCM reduced tumor volume by 49.4% for IP and 59.5% for IT injection. MCM induced cancer cell apoptosis, as indicated by a sub-G1 peak and confirmed by Annexin V/PI assay and histopathological examination. This was mediated by increased Bax expression, caspase-3 activation, decreased Bcl-2 expression, and MMP disruption. Furthermore, MCM treatment induced G1 cell cycle arrest, mediated through significantly increased expression of p53, p21, and p27 and decreased expression of cyclin D1 and PCNA in cancer cells. Finally, MCM treatment markedly enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity. MCM possesses chemopreventive potential to reduce tumor growth by suppressing cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis in EAC cells via a mitochondrial dependent pathway, and activating the immune system. Our results suggest MCM's beneficial potential for treating breast adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdooh Ghoneum
- Charles Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA; University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Mai Alaa El-Dein
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Guo Q, Qiu P, Pan K, Lin J. Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNA signature and personalized therapeutic strategy of breast cancer patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1081089. [PMID: 36620596 PMCID: PMC9815178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1081089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is considered to be one of the primary causes of cancer deaths in women. Cuproptosis was suggested to play an important role in tumor proliferation and tumor immune microenvironment. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to identify the relationship between cuproptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and BC prognosis. Method Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), nine cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were identified by Pearson's analysis and Cox regression analysis to create a cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature. Subsequently, patients with BC were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. The Kaplan-Meier curves and a time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were employed to elucidate the predictive capability of the signature. After that, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was conducted by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was established by Cytoscape software. Furthermore, the ESTIMATE score was calculated, and the immune cell type component analysis was conducted. Eventually, immunotherapy response analysis was applied to identify the predictive power of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs to tumor immunotherapy response, including immune checkpoint gene expression levels, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI). Results Patients with BC in the low-risk groups showed better clinical outcomes. The KEGG pathways in the high-risk groups were mainly enriched in immune response and immune cell activation. Furthermore, the ESTIMATE scores were higher in the low-risk groups, and their immune cell infiltrations were dramatically different from those of the high-risk groups. The low-risk groups were shown to have higher infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells and TMB-high status, resulting in better response to immunotherapies. Conclusion The findings of this study revealed that the nine-cuproptosis-related lncRNA risk score was an independent prognostic factor for BC. This signature was a potential predictor for BC immunotherapy response. What we found will provide novel insight into immunotherapeutic treatment strategies in BC.
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Ghasemi P, Shafiee G, Ziamajidi N, Abbasalipourkabir R. Copper Nanoparticles Induce Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress in SW480 Human Colon Cancer Cell Line. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03458-2. [PMID: 36274109 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03458-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cu nanoparticles (CuNPs) have various applications in biomedicine, owing to their unique properties. As the effect of CuNPs on the induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the human colorectal cancer cell line SW480 has not yet been studied, we investigated the toxicity and mechanism of action of these NPs in SW480 cells. MTT assay was performed to assess the effect of the particles on the viability of SW480 cells. The levels of oxidative stress were assessed after 24 h of treatment with CuNPs by evaluating the Reactive Oxygen Specious (ROS) production. The antioxidant enzyme activity was assessed using a colorimetric method. To investigate the effect of NPs on cellular apoptosis, Hoechst33258 staining was performed, and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and p53 was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The MTT assay results showed that CuNPs inhibited the viability of SW480 cells. Moreover, the increase in ROS production at all three concentrations (31, 68, and 100 μg/ml) was significant. It has been observed that CuNPs lead to increased expression of Bax and p53, and decreased expression of Bcl-2. Hoechst staining was performed to confirm apoptosis. In conclusion, the induction of apoptosis demonstrated the anticancer potential of the CuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Ghasemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517619657, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Shafiee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517619657, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ziamajidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517619657, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 6517619657, Iran.
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Yu Q, Zhang Z, Monikh FA, Wu J, Wang Z, Vijver MG, Bosker T, Peijnenburg WJGM. Trophic transfer of Cu nanoparticles in a simulated aquatic food chain. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113920. [PMID: 35905628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the current study was to quantify the trophic transfer of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in a food chain consisting of the microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata as the representative of primary producer, the grazer Daphnia magna, and the omnivorous mysid Limnomysis benedeni. To quantify the size and number concentration of CuNPs in the biota, tissue extraction with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) was performed and quantification was done by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (sp-ICP-MS). The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of the test species for CuNPs varied between 102 - 103 L/kg dry weight when expressing the internal concentration on a mass basis, which was lower than BCF values reported for Cu2+ (103 - 104 L/kg dry weight). The particle size of CuNPs determined by sp-ICP-MS ranged from 22 to 40 nm in the species. No significant changes in the particle size were measured throughout the food chain. Moreover, the measured number of CuNPs in each trophic level was in the order of 1013 particles/kg wet weight. The calculated trophic transfer factor (mass concentration basis) was > 1. This indicates biomagnification of particulate Cu from P. subcapitata to L. benedeni. It was also found that the uptake of particulate Cu (based on the particle number concentration) was mainly from the dietary route rather than from direct aqueous exposure. Furthermore, dietary exposure to CuNPs had a significant effect on the feeding rate of mysid during their transfer from daphnia to mysid and from alga through daphnia to mysid. This work emphasizes the importance of tracing the particulate fraction of metal-based engineered nanoparticles when studying their uptake and trophic transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yu
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, the Netherlands.
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, PR China
| | - Fazel Abdolahpur Monikh
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, the Netherlands; Department of Environmental & Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Juan Wu
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, the Netherlands
| | - Zhuang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China.
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, the Netherlands
| | - Thijs Bosker
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, the Netherlands
| | - Willie J G M Peijnenburg
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden 2300 RA, the Netherlands; Centre for Safety of Substances and Products, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3720 BA, the Netherlands
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Rehman S, Almessiere MA, A. Al-Suhaimi E, Hussain M, Yousuf Bari M, Mehmood Ali S, Al-Jameel SS, Slimani Y, Khan FA, Baykal A. Ultrasonic Synthesis and Biomedical Application of Mn 0.5Zn 0.5Er xY xFe 2-2xO 4 Nanoparticles. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050703. [PMID: 34066897 PMCID: PMC8150661 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, biocompatible manganese nanoparticles have been linked with zinc and iron molecules to prepare different derivatives of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2-2xO4 NPs (x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10), using an ultrasonication approach. The structure, surface morphology, and chemical compositions of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2-2xO4 NPs were elucidated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) techniques. The bioactivity of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2-2xO4 NPs on normal (HEK-293) and (HCT-116) colon cancer cell line was evaluated. The Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2-2xO4 NPs treatment post 48 h resulted in a significant reduction in cells (via MTT assay, having an IC50 value between 0.88 µg/mL and 2.40 µg/mL). The specificity of Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2-2xO4 NPs were studied by treating them on normal cells line (HEK-293). The results showed that Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2-2xO4 NPs did not incur any effect on HEK-293, which suggests that Mn0.5Zn0.5ErxYxFe2-2xO4 NPs selectively targeted the colon cancerous cells. Using Candida albicans, antifungal activity was also studied by evaluating minimum inhibitory/fungicidal concentration (MIC/MFC) and the effect of nanomaterial on the germ tube formation, which exhibited that NPs significantly inhibited the growth and germ tube formation. The obtained results hold the potential to design nanoparticles that lead to efficient bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suriya Rehman
- Department of Epidemic Diseases Research, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Munirah A. Almessiere
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (Y.S.)
| | - Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mehwish Hussain
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maha Yousuf Bari
- Department of English, Deanship of Preparatory Year, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Syed Mehmood Ali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Suhailah S. Al-Jameel
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yassine Slimani
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (Y.S.)
| | - Firdos Alam Khan
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulhadi Baykal
- Department of Nano-Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia;
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