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Yang R, Roshani D, Gao B, Li P, Shang N. Metallothionein: A Comprehensive Review of Its Classification, Structure, Biological Functions, and Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:825. [PMID: 39061894 PMCID: PMC11273490 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metallothionein is a cysteine-rich protein with a high metal content that is widely found in nature. In addition to heavy metal detoxification, metallothionein is well known as a potent antioxidant. The high sulfhydryl content of metallothionein confers excellent antioxidant activity, enabling it to effectively scavenge free radicals and mitigate oxidative stress damage. In addition, metallothionein can play a neuroprotective role by alleviating oxidative damage in nerve cells, have an anticancer effect by enhancing the ability of normal cells to resist unfavorable conditions through its antioxidant function, and reduce inflammation by scavenging reactive oxygen species. Due to its diverse biological functions, metallothionein has a broad potential for application in alleviating environmental heavy metal pollution, predicting and diagnosing diseases, and developing skin care products and health foods. This review summarizes the recent advances in the classification, structure, biological functions, and applications of metallothionein, focusing on its powerful antioxidant effects and related functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (R.Y.); (B.G.)
| | - Dumila Roshani
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Boya Gao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (R.Y.); (B.G.)
| | - Pinglan Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, No, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (R.Y.); (B.G.)
| | - Nan Shang
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, No, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China;
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Rubio-Vargas DA, Morais TPD, Randi MAF, Filipak Neto F, Ortolani-Machado CF, Martins CDC, Oliveira AP, Nazário MG, Ferreira FCADS, Opuskevitch I, Penner D, Esquivel-Muelbert J, Mela Prodocimo M, de Souza C, Choueri RB, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA. Multispecies and multibiomarker assessment of fish health from Iguaçu River reservoir, Southern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:564. [PMID: 38773003 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of micropollutants on fish health from Segredo hydroelectric reservoir (HRS) along the Iguaçu River, Southern Brazil, contaminated by urban, industrial, and agricultural activities. This is the first comprehensive study assessment in the river after the severe drought in the 2020s in three fish species from different trophic levels Astyanax spp. (water column depth/omnivorous), Hypostomus commersoni (demersal/herbivorous), and Pimelodus maculatus (demersal/omnivorous). Animals, water, and sediment samples were collected from three distinct sites within the reservoir: Floresta (upstream), Iratim (middle), and Station (downstream). The chemical analysis revealed elevated concentrations of metals (Al, Cu, Fe) and the metalloid As in water, or Cu, Zn, and As in sediment, surpassing Brazilian regulatory limits, while the organic pollutants as DDT, PAHs, PCBs, and PBDEs were found under the Brazilian regulatory limits. The metal bioaccumulation was higher in gills with no significant differences among sites. The species Astyanax spp. and H. commersoni displayed variations in hepatosomatic index (HSI) and P. maculatus in the condition factor index (K) between sites, while adverse effects due to micropollutants bioaccumulation were observed by biochemical, genotoxic, and histopathological biomarkers. The principal component analysis and integrated biomarker response highlighted the upstream site Floresta as particularly inhospitable for biota, with distinctions based on trophic level. Consequently, this multifaceted approach, encompassing both fish biomarkers and chemical analyses, furnishes valuable insights into the potential toxic repercussions of micropollutant exposure. These findings offer crucial data for guiding management and conservation endeavors in the Iguaçu River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dámaso Angel Rubio-Vargas
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Tobias Pereira de Morais
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Ferreira Randi
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Feijó Ortolani-Machado
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - César de Castro Martins
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Andrea Pinto Oliveira
- Departamento de Química. Setor de Ciências Exatas, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gallucci Nazário
- Laboratório de Análises Ambientais, Setor Litoral, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Matinhos, Paraná, CEP 83.260-000, Brasil
| | | | - Iracema Opuskevitch
- Copel GeT-SOS/DNGT, Rua José Izidoro Biazetto, No. 18. Bloco A, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP, 81200-240, Brazil
| | - Dieter Penner
- Copel GeT-SOS/DNGT, Rua José Izidoro Biazetto, No. 18. Bloco A, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP, 81200-240, Brazil
| | - Juan Esquivel-Muelbert
- Piscicultura Panamá, Estrada Geral Bom Retiro, Paulo Lopes, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88490-000, Brasil
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Maritana Mela Prodocimo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Claudemir de Souza
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Marinha, Departamento de Ciências Do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Rua Maria Máximo 168, Santos, São Paulo, CEP, 11030-100, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, CEP 81531-970, Brazil.
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Rubio-Vargas DA, Morais TPD, Randi MAF, Filipak Neto F, Martins CDC, Oliveira AP, Nazário MG, Ferreira FCADS, Opuskevitch I, Penner D, Esquivel-Muelbert J, Prodocimo MM, Choueri RB, Oliveira Ribeiro CAD. Pollutant bioaccumulation in sentinel fish chronically exposed in Iguaçu river reservoirs (Southern Brazil) and human health risk of fish consumption. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140812. [PMID: 38036225 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioaccumulation studies in fish mark the initial phase of assessing the risk of chemical exposure to biota and human populations. The Iguaçu River boasting a diverse endemic ichthyofauna, is grappling with the repercussions of human activities. This study delved into the bioaccumulation of micropollutants, the early-warning effects on Rhamdia quelen and Oreochomis niloticus in the Segredo Reservoir (HRS) and the potential risk of human exposure. Two groups of caged fish in three sites of the reservoir were exposed during the autumn-winter and spring-summer, while a third group (O. niloticus) underwent a twelve-month exposure, and inorganic and organic chemicals analysis in water, sediment, and biota. Additionally, metallothionein expression and genotoxicity were employed as biomarkers. PAHs, PCBs, Al, Cu, Fe, and As in water and DDTs, Cu, Zn, and As in sediment surpassed the thresholds set by Brazilian regulations, where DDT exhibited bioaccumulation in muscle, alongside metals in liver, kidney, gills, and muscle tissues. R. quelen showed metallothionein expression whereas DNA damage and NMA frequencies were elevated in target organs and in brain and erythrocytes of O. niloticus during summer. In this species the DNA damage in liver was remarkable after twelve months. Target Hazard Quotients and Cancer Risk values shedding light on the vulnerability of both children and adults. The reservoir's conditions led to heightened sensitivity to micropollutants for R. quelen species. The data presented herein provides decision-makers with pertinent insights to facilitate effective management and conservation initiatives within the Iguaçu Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dámaso Angel Rubio-Vargas
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tobias Pereira de Morais
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Ferreira Randi
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Francisco Filipak Neto
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - César de Castro Martins
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo, SP, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Andrea Pinto Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gallucci Nazário
- Laboratório de Análises Ambientais, Setor Litoral, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 83260-000, Matinhos, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Iracema Opuskevitch
- Copel GeT-SOS/DNGT - Rua José Izidoro Biazetto, N(o). 18. Bloco A, CEP 81200-240, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Dieter Penner
- Copel GeT-SOS/DNGT - Rua José Izidoro Biazetto, N(o). 18. Bloco A, CEP 81200-240, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Juan Esquivel-Muelbert
- Estação de Piscicultura Panamá, Est. Geral Bom Retiro, CEP 88490-000, Paulo Lopes, Santa Catarina, Brazil; School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Maritana Mela Prodocimo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Brasil Choueri
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto Do Mar, Departamento de Ciências Do Mar, MarineTox_Lab, Rua Maria Máximo 168, CEP 11030-100, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Celular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal Do Paraná, CEP 81531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Yamamoto FY, Onishi K, Ralha TR, Silva LFO, Deda B, Pessali TYC, Souza C, Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Abessa DMS. Earlier biomarkers in fish evidencing stress responses to metal and organic pollution along the Doce River Basin. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 329:121720. [PMID: 37105459 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Doce River Basin (DRB) represents a well-described watershed in terms of contamination by metals, especially after a major environmental disaster of a mining tailing dam failure. Despite the massive mortality of the ichthyofauna, very few studies addressed the risks to the health of wild fish exposed to complex mixtures of pollutants from multiple sources. The present study proposed to investigate earlier responses of fish for assessing the impacts of multiple sources of pollution, considering: different niches of fish and target organs; and the influence of seasonality, associated with their probable sources of pollution. To achieve that, fish were collected along the DRB, and biomarkers responses were assessed in target organs and correlated with the levels of inorganic and organic contaminants. As one of the most prominent responses, fishes from the Upper DRB showed the highest expression of the metallothionein and oxidative stress parameters which were related to the higher levels of metals in this region due to the proximity of mining activities. On the other hand, higher levels of DNA damage and increased AChE activity from fish sampled in the Mid and Lower DRB were more associated with organic contaminants, from other sources of pollution than mining residues. The integrated biomarker responses also revealed seasonal variations, with higher values in fishes from the dry season, and pelagic fish showing greater variation within the seasons. The multivariate analysis integrating suitable biomarkers with chemical data represented an adequate strategy for assessing the ecological risks in the DRB, allowing the identification of distinct spatio-temporal impacts from multiple sources of contaminants. The continued exposure of the ichthyofauna representing future risks reinforces the need for ecological restoration and the protection of the fauna from the Doce River.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Y Yamamoto
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Vicente, Brazil.
| | - K Onishi
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Vicente, Brazil.
| | - T R Ralha
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Vicente, Brazil.
| | - L F O Silva
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - B Deda
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - T Y C Pessali
- Museum of Natural Sciences PUC Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - C Souza
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | | | - D M S Abessa
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, São Vicente, Brazil.
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Leão-Buchir J, de Souza TL, de Souza C, Fávaro LF, Brito PM, Carneiro MC, Marcon BH, Esquivel L, de Oliveira Ribeiro CA, Prodocimo MM. BDE-99 (2,2',4,4',5 - pentain polybrominated diphenyl ether) induces toxic effects in Oreochromis niloticus after sub-chronic and oral exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:104034. [PMID: 36496183 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PBDEs are toxic, lipophilic, hydrophobic, and persistent artificial chemicals, characterized by high physical and chemical stability. Although PBDEs are known to disturb hormone signaling, many effects of 2,2',4,4',5 - pentain polybrominated diphenyl ethers (BDE-99) in fish remain unclear. The current study investigates the effects of BDE-99 in Oreochromis niloticus where sixty-four juvenile fish were orally exposed to 0.294, 2.94, 29.4 ng g-1 of BDE-99, every 10 days, during 80 days. The results showed histopathological findings in liver and kidney, increasing acetylcholinesterase activity in muscle, disturbs in the antioxidant system in liver and brain and decreasing the plasmatic levels of vitellogenin in females. According to multivariate analysis (IBR), the higher doses are related to the interaction of oxidative and non-oxidative enzymes. The present study provided evidence of deleterious effects after sub-chronic exposure of BDE 99 to O. niloticus, increasing the knowledge about its risk of exposure in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelma Leão-Buchir
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil; Departamento de Toxicologia Molecular e Ambiente, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Claudemir de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Fávaro
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Carvalho Carneiro
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Moussa MA, Mohamed HRH, Abdel-Khalek AA. Metal Accumulation and DNA Damage in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus After Chronic Exposure to Discharges of the Batts Drain: Potential Risk to Human Health. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 108:1064-1073. [PMID: 35416479 PMCID: PMC9188524 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present work showed the impact of long-term exposure to the Batts drain's discharges on O. niloticus and C. gariepinus fish species. The accumulation level of Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, Pb and Al in five vital tissues was markedly elevated near the Batts drain (site2) compared to the samples from the reference site (site 1). At the same site, C. gariepinus displayed the highest accumulation capacities when compared to O. niloticus. Based on the metal pollution index, livers and kidneys, followed by gills, showed the maximum overall metal load. The degree of DNA damage (assessed by comet and diphenylamine assays) was relative to the accumulated metals in tissues with species and site specification. The values of the hazard index for human consumption showed that the studied metals were within safe values at normal consumption rates. While harmful health consequences were observed at the habitual consumption level at site 2.
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Chen YN, Bian WP, Liu L, Chen X, Tang M, Pei DS. Generation of a novel transgenic marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) for highly sensitive detection of heavy metals in the environment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126382. [PMID: 34218191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As typic priority pollutants in the marine environment, heavy metals can be accumulated in the human body leading to serious environmental and health problems. The metal regulatory elements (MREs) have been identified to be the main functional parts for the response to heavy metals. To develop a convenient biological monitoring tool for the detection of heavy metals in the oceans, we generated a transgenic marine medaka line Tg(OmMT: eGFP) with a truncated metallothionein promoter, which was only 193 bp and drove the expression of eGFP. After Tg(OmMT:eGFP) embryos were treated with four different heavy metals and different concentrations, the results showed that the expression level of eGFP was consistent with that of the endogenous mt. The transgenic embryos are very sensitive to Hg2+, and the fluorescence could be induced in the 0.0002 μM concentration, which is far lower than the primary water standard. The expression level of eGFP and mt showed a dose-dependent manner to heavy metals concentration. Taken together, the newly established marine medaka is a sensitive, efficient, and convenient tool for monitoring heavy metal pollution in the environment, especially seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Chen
- College of Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Wan-Ping Bian
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Li Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Min Tang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China; School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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