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Yu P, Shao X, Wang M, Zhu Z, Tong Z, Peng J, Deng Y, Huang Y. Effects of atmospheric deposition on heavy metal contamination in paddy field systems under different functional areas in ChangZhuTan, Hunan Province, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 933:172953. [PMID: 38734112 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In recent decades, the problem of heavy metal contamination in rice paddies has attracted widespread attention. However, most studies on heavy metal contamination in paddy fields are biased towards soil and/or rice plants, without taking atmospheric deposition into account. In this study, atmospheric deposition, paddy soil, and rice samples were collected from three functional areas (area proximity to factories, along the roadside, and suburban) in ChangZhuTan, Hunan Province. The pollution characterization, translocation, and health risk of heavy metals were reassessed. The findings revealed that Cd and As contamination in the study area's soils was more severe, with point exceedance rates reaching 70 % and 35.9 %, respectively. The highest concentrations of As, Ni, Cd, and Pb in atmospheric deposition were found along the roadside, with 1.42 μg/m2/day, 3.21 μg/m2/day, 0.34 μg/m2/day, and 8.28 μg/m2/day, respectively. In area proximity to factories, As and Ni in atmospheric deposition showed to be lowest, whereas Cd and Pb concentrations showed lowest in suburban areas. Furthermore, the accumulation of Cd and Pb in rice grains in regions proximity to factories was significantly higher than in other regions. The human health risk assessment indicated the health risk caused by rice intake in areas proximity to factories was the highest and requires attention, which was mainly due to Cd accumulation, with HQ value reached 3.19. Correlation tests indicate that atmospheric deposition has a positive effect on heavy metal enrichment in rice grains. Further Random Forest analysis revealed that the transport of heavy metals from atmospheric deposition to leaves and shells were important influencing factors for As, Cd, Ni and Mg accumulation in rice grain. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the effects of atmospheric deposition on the accumulation of heavy metals in paddy fields in order to maintain the production safety of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyue Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xingyuan Shao
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Maodi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhenglong Tong
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianwei Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yaocheng Deng
- College of Environment & Ecology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Wang Q, Pang Y, Xu Y, Yuan Y, Yin D, Hu M, Xu L, Liu T, Sun W, Yu HY. Controlling factors of heavy metal(loid) accumulation in rice: Main and interactive effects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33965-9. [PMID: 38872039 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the key determinants of heavy metal(loid) accumulation in rice and quantifying their contributions are critical for precise prediction of heavy metal(loid) concentrations in rice and the formulation of effective pollution control strategies. The accumulation of heavy metal(loid)s in rice can be influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors, which may interact with each other. However, distinguishing the independent roles (main effects) from interactive effects and quantifying their impacts separately pose challenges. To address this knowledge gap, we employed TreeExplainer-based SHAP and random forest algorithms in this study to quantitatively estimate the primary influencing factors and their main and interactive effects on heavy metal(loid)s in rice. Our findings reveal that soil cadmium (SCd) and rice cultivation time (C_TIME) were the primary contributors to rice cadmium (RCd) and rice arsenic (RAs), respectively. Soil lead (SPb) and sampling distances from roads significantly contributed to rice lead (RPb). Additionally, we identified significant interactive effects of SCd and C_TIME, C_TIME and RCd, and RCd and rice variety on RCd, RAs, and RPb, respectively, emphasizing their significance. These insights are pivotal in improving the accuracy of heavy metal(loid) concentration predictions in rice and offering theoretical guidance for the formulation of pollution control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yan Pang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yafei Xu
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730099, China
| | - Yuzhen Yuan
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Dan Yin
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, China
| | - Min Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Le Xu
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, China
| | - Tongxu Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Huan-Yun Yu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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Liao X, Huang L, Luo X, Zhang L, Lu L, Luo D, Luo W. Distribution and health risk of chromium in wheat grains at the national scale in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 474:134846. [PMID: 38852247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) pollution may threaten food safety in China. In this study, the concentration, pollution level, distribution, and non-cancer risk of Cr in wheat grains grown in 186 areas across 28 provinces in China were investigated. Results indicated that mean concentration of Cr was 0.28 ± 2.5 mg/kg, dry mass (dm). Of the samples, 7.5 % were found to be polluted with Cr. The mean concentrations were in the following order: Northwest > Northeast > South > East > North > Southwest > Central China. Based on deterministic models, mean hazard quotient (HQ) values for adult males, adult females, and children were 0.11 ± 3.4, 0.11 ± 3.4, and 0.13 ± 3.5, respectively with < 6 % of HQ values ≥ 1. Eleven sites in northern China were identified as hotspots, whereas Gansu Province and Northwestern China were labeled as priority provinces and regions for risk control. The mean HQ values estimated by probabilistic risk assessment were two times greater than those estimated using deterministic models. The risk probabilities for adult males, adult females, and children were 4.81 %, 3.78 %, and 6.55 %, respectively. This study provides valuable information on Cr pollution in wheat grains and its risks at a national scale in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiudong Liao
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Mineral Nutrition Research Division, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dezhao Luo
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Neisi A, Farhadi M, Angali KA, Sepahvand A. Health risk assessment for consuming rice, bread, and vegetables in Hoveyzeh city. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:260-265. [PMID: 38389562 PMCID: PMC10881412 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction People are continuously exposed to contamination, which mainly consists of heavy metals (HMs) and organic compounds. Several metals can get into grains, veggies, and bread through various methods. We estimated the health risk of HM exposure from the consumption of bread, veggies, and rice, considering the per capita amounts of these foods in the Iranian food basket, especially in Hoveyzeh and Azadegan Plain. Material and method The food products analyzed for the assessment of HMs include different veggies, rice, and bread. The health risk assessment was done with the Hazard Quotient and cancer risk formulae. The buying of vegetables, rice, and bread was done in random order during the fall and wintertime seasons. Result Tarom rice has the maximum reported levels of Cd (0.55 mg/kg), but Pakistani rice has the lowest level (0.18 mg/kg). Radish shows the highest concentrations of As, Pb, Cr, and Ni among vegetation, while Cress shows the lowest level. The study findings showed that Lavash bread had the highest levels of As (1.31 mg/kg), Cd (0.2 mg/kg), and Ni (1.2 mg/kg), whereas it indicated the lowest level of Cr (0.056 mg/kg). While the non-carcinogenic risk of HMs was evaluated between two groups of adults and children, both groups' HI and HQ levels were less than 1. The maximum HQ and HI scores for children were associated with Arsenic (As), specifically 0.0127 and 0.0137 for Tarom rice, respectively. Nevertheless, the highest HQ and HI scores for adults were associated with As, namely 0.0059 and 0.0064 for Tarom rice, respectively. Conclusion The evaluation of the carcinogenic risk caused by HM exposure in kids and adults showed that both groups' accumulated lifetime CRs and ILCRs were lower than 1*10-6. Hence, the consumption of veggies, rice, and bread within the study's area does not show an association with the occurrence of chronic diseases resulting from hazardous HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolkazem Neisi
- Environmental Health Department, Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Majid Farhadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arefeh Sepahvand
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Liu L, Melse-Boonstra A, van der Werf W, Zhang F, Cong WF, Stomph TJ. The potential of biofortification technologies for wheat and rice to fill the nutritional Zn intake gap in China. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2651-2659. [PMID: 37985380 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zinc (Zn) deficiency in humans is of worldwide concern. The objective of this study was to investigate the Zn intake gap in Chinese adults and identify the potential role of biofortification technologies for wheat and rice, including crop nutrient management and breeding, in filling the gap. RESULTS We use data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2011 to identify food consumption patterns and dietary Zn intake of 4512 adults to define and quantify the Zn intake gap in the population. The dietary Zn intake gap of surveyed adults ranged from -0.8 to 6.53 mg day-1 across nine provinces and differences were associated with differences in food consumption patterns. Both dietary Zn intake and Zn gap for males were higher than for females. The potential of changes in five management strategies (improved nitrogen fertilization, improved phosphorus fertilization, foliar Zn fertilization, improved water management and growing varieties reaching the grain Zn breeding target) was analyzed. Breeding and foliar Zn fertilization were shown to be the two most effective management strategies that could increase dietary intake by 1.29 to 5 mg Zn day-1 dependent on sex and province. CONCLUSION This study shows that the Zn gap varied across regions in China, with some large enough to warrant interventions. Wheat and rice as two major Zn sources could be targeted without a direct need for dietary diversification. By promoting both biofortification breeding of wheat and rice and Zn fertilization, dietary Zn intake could be enhanced to contribute to human health improvement in China. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wopke van der Werf
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wen-Feng Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tjeerd Jan Stomph
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Cao Z, Guan M, Lin X, Zhang W, Xu P, Chen M, Zheng X. Spatial and variety distributions, risk assessment, and prediction model for heavy metals in rice grains in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7298-7311. [PMID: 38157175 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
In this study, 6229 brown rice grains from three major rice-producing regions were collected to investigate the spatial and variety distributions of heavy metals in rice grains in China. The potential sources of heavy metals in rice grains were identified using the Pearson correlation matrix and principal component analysis, and the health risks of dietary exposure to heavy metals via rice consumption were assessed using the hazard index (HI) and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) method, respectively. Moreover, 48 paired soil and rice samples from 11 cities were collected to construct a predicting model for Cd accumulation in rice grains using the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. The results indicated that Cd and Ni were the main heavy metal pollutants in rice grains in China, with approximately 10% of samples exceeding their corresponding maximum allowable limits. The Yangtze River basin had heavier pollution of heavy metals than the Southeast Coastal Region and Northeast Plain, and the indica rice varieties had higher heavy metal accumulation abilities compared with the japonica rice. The Cu, Pb, and Cd mainly originated from anthropogenic sources, while As, Hg, Cr, and Ni originated from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The mean HI and TCR values of dietary exposure to heavy metals via rice consumption ranged from 2.92 to 4.31 and 9.74 × 10-3 to 1.44 × 10-2, respectively, much higher than the acceptable range, and As and Ni were the main contributor to the HI and TCR for Chinese adults and children, respectively. The available Si (ASi), total Cd (TCd), available Mo (AMo), and available S (AS) were the main soil factors determining grain Cd accumulation. A multiple linear stepwise regression model was constructed based on ASi, TCd, AMo, and AS in soils with good accuracy and precision, which could be applied to predict Cd accumulation in rice grains and guide safe rice production in contaminated paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Cao
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Meiyan Guan
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lin
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Wanyue Zhang
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Mingxue Chen
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xiaolong Zheng
- Rice Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Zhao Y, Li D, Xiao D, Xiang Z, Yang X, Xiao Y, Xiao X, Cheng J, Lu Q, Zhang Q. Co-exposure of heavy metals in rice and corn reveals a probabilistic health risk in Guizhou Province, China. Food Chem X 2023; 20:101043. [PMID: 38144805 PMCID: PMC10740133 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of heavy metals have arousing concern in the high geological background area, especially in southwestern Guizhou, China. However, the pollution status of heavy metals are still unclear when exposed to rice and corn in Guizhou province. Therefore, the concentration, pollution level, spatial distribution, and probabilistic health risks of Ni, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Zn are estimated in rice and corn. A total of 241 samples (117 for rice and 124 for corn) were collected from Guizhou province and measured by a method of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that rice and corn were contaminated with Ni and Cr. High concentrations of Ni were presented in the southeast of rice. It indicated that 22.0 % of rice samples were contaminated with Ni. HI values for children and adults exceeded 1.0 in rice and corn, suggesting that humans might be subject to probabilistic non-carcinogenic risks. FTCR demonstrated that rice and corn might cause probabilistic carcinogenic risks to children and adults, which were both greatly higher than 1.0 × 10-4. Moreover, the contributions of Ni to the HI and FTCR were the highest for adults and children. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the exposure of heavy metals in rice and corn, especially in Ni. The results would provide a novel prospective for pollution control and be helpful for environmental regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou, China
| | - Dashuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Daofen Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhun Xiang
- Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009, Guizhou, China
| | - Xianping Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuanji Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiangli Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jianzhong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Qinhui Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinghai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Ecological Food Innovation, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Ge H, Ji X, Lu X, Lv M, Jiang Y, Jia Z, Zhang Y. Identification of heavy metal pollutants in wheat by THz spectroscopy and deep support vector machine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123206. [PMID: 37542868 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes to detect heavy metal pollutants in wheat using terahertz spectroscopy and deep support vector machine (DSVM). Five heavy metal pollutants, arsenic, lead, mercury, chromium, and cadmium, were considered for detection in wheat samples. THz spectral data were pre-processed by wavelet denoising. DSVM was introduced to further enhance the accuracy of the SVM classification model. According to the relationship between the accuracy and the training time with the number of hidden layers ranging from 1 to 4, the model performs the best when the hidden layer network has three layers. Besides, using the back-propagation algorithm to optimize the entire DSVM network. Compared with Deep neural network (DNN) and SVM models, the comprehensive evaluation index of the proposed model optimized by DSVM has the highest accuracy of 91.3 %. It realized the exploration enhanced the classification accuracy of the heavy metal pollutants in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Ge
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control, Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaodi Ji
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control, Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xuejing Lu
- PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Ming Lv
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control, Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuying Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control, Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control, Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control, Ministry of Education, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Grain Photoelectric Detection and Control, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China; College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
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Xiang YF, Wan DJ, Wang CR, Huang JL, Cao XY, Chen JQ, Ouyang NX. Spatial distribution and migration of lead and zinc and the influence of parent materials in typical paddy soils of Hunan Province, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1488. [PMID: 37975891 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the distribution and migration characteristics of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in paddy soils in Hunan Province, China. A total of 343 soil samples from 63 profiles were collected from typical regions. The concentration, spatial distribution, and migration behaviors of Pb and Zn in the paddy soils were examined. The results showed that (1) the concentration ranges of Pb and Zn in the surface layer were 17.62-114.07 mg/kg and 44.98-146.84 mg/kg, respectively. (2) The content was higher in the middle and lower reaches of the Xiangjiang River basin horizontally and exhibited shallow enrichment characteristics vertically. (3) Pb migration was weaker than Zn migration, and the parent material had the most significant influence on Pb and Zn content in the bottom soil layer. The research results will clarify the characteristics of Pb and Zn contents in paddy soils in Hunan Province, further understand the horizontal distribution and vertical migration and transformation characteristics of Pb and Zn contents in paddy soils, and provide basic data for scientific rice cultivation and safe food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Xiang
- College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Da-Juan Wan
- College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
| | - Chen-Ran Wang
- College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun-Lin Huang
- College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xue-Ying Cao
- Rural Vitalization Research Institute, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, China
| | - Jia-Qi Chen
- College of Geographic Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ning-Xiang Ouyang
- College of Resources & Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Liu G, Zhao J, Xie W, Shang S, Luo J, Liu J, Huang W, Li J, Zhang Y, Xu J, Zhang J. Accumulation of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd in Aboveground Organs of Chinese Winter Jujube from the Yellow River Delta, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10278. [PMID: 36011920 PMCID: PMC9408746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, winter jujube organs including fruit, fruiting leaf and foliage leaf, and associated soils in 14 typical orchards in Binzhou City, Shandong Province, China were collected and determined for the mass fractions of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd. The mass fractions of Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd in plant tissues generally showed an order of Cu > Zn > Ni > Co > Cd as well as those in the soils decreased as Zn > Cu > Ni > Co > Cd. The values of single factor index and Nemerow pollution index suggested the jujube fruits were not polluted by heavy metals. Values of estimated daily intake for all the elements were far below their associated acceptable reference values, indicating no health risks would be caused by a single trace element. The results of targeted hazard quotient (THQ) of the metals in the fruits decreased as Cu > Ni > Zn > Cd accompanying total THQ (TTHQ) lower than 1 showing no hazard would be caused by those metals. Correlation analysis showed soil might not be the main source of heavy metals in winter jujube organs. Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for Co, Ni, Zn and Cd in fruits and leaves were far below 1 suggesting their low bioavailablities. The relatively great BAFs of Cu in the leaves might be due to the application of fertilizers and pesticides containing great amounts of Cu through soil and foliar spraying. To sum up, heavy metals tended not to be a major threat to winter jujube cultivation, and winter jujube had great edible safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiwang Zhang
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Guoli Liu
- Integrated Agricultural Service Centre of Xiaobotou Town, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Binzhou Institute of Science and Technology Innovation and Development, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Wenjun Xie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Shuai Shang
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Jikun Xu
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Jiqiang Zhang
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
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