1
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Yang K, Chen G, Chen R. The dark side of climate policy uncertainty: Hindering energy transition by shaping environmental taxes effectiveness. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 369:122314. [PMID: 39217901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Climate policy uncertainty (CPU) may have an adverse impact on the environment by interfering with the effectiveness of environmental policies, but there is currently little evidence to support this indirect effect. By incorporating CPU into the transition function, this paper utilizes the panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) to dynamically analyze how CPU affects the relationship between environmental taxes (ETR) and energy transition. When CPU exceeds the threshold, the promoting effect of ETR on energy transition weakens or reverses. The robustness of the main conclusions is demonstrated by establishing a PSTR estimator with the instrumental variable. This paper also constructs a counterfactual scenario, showing that CPU reduces the positive impact of ETR on renewable energy consumption and generation by 7.6% and 3.5%, respectively. Further analysis indicates that this negative effect arises because CPU likely increases investment risk, particularly for long-term green projects, thereby inhibiting the clean energy market and energy-related green technological innovation. Heterogeneity analysis find that the weakening effect of CPU on the effectiveness of ETR is stronger in countries with low energy resource endowment, high energy intensity, and lower economic development levels, underscoring the need for tailored policy approaches. This research emphasizes that for countries with ambitious energy transition goals, climate policy stability is crucial for ensuring the healthy development of environmental taxes policy and renewable energy markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- School of Business, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Business, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Economics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China
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2
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Gao F, Xin B, Peng W, Santibanez Gonzalez EDR. Accelerating decarbonized economic growth through net-zero entrepreneurship: Low-carbon economic development perspective. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 370:122684. [PMID: 39342839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Net-zero entrepreneurship is a novel concept introduced in the context of carbon neutrality, and exploring whether it can catalyze decarbonized economic growth is a worthy pursuit. This study constructs a comprehensive, low-carbon endogenous economic growth model to scrutinize the intricate nexus between net-zero entrepreneurship and decarbonized economic growth. Empirical validation employs a series of multiple regression models to rigorously test the hypotheses derived from the theoretical framework using an extensive dataset spanning Chinese provinces. The results reveal a nuanced landscape. (i) Net-zero entrepreneurship plays a remarkable role in promoting decarbonization growth, with considerable regional heterogeneity. (ii) Green technology progress exhibits a notable mediating effect. (iii) Environmental regulation and industrial structure optimization have positive moderating effects. (iv) The results passed alternative dependent variable and one-phase lag regression robustness tests. In a distinct contribution to entrepreneurship literature, this study augments the discourse on strategies to steer low-carbon transitions. The research findings indicate that net-zero entrepreneurship can accelerate the global decarbonization process, and green technology progress is a significant driving mechanism in this process. Additionally, it is essential to strengthen environmental agencies' regulatory oversight and optimize industrial structures to pave the way for transformative sustainable growth. In the future, more entrepreneurs should be encouraged to engage in green technology and business model innovation to contribute to global decarbonization efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Gao
- School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baogui Xin
- College of Economics and Management, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
| | - Wei Peng
- College of Economics and Management, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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3
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Cao B, Li L, Zhang K, Ma W. The influence of digital intelligence transformation on carbon emission reduction in manufacturing firms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 367:121987. [PMID: 39067345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Severe global climate change has resulted in the focus of social attention shifting to the manufacturing industry's low-carbon transformation. Digital intelligent transformation (DIT) in enterprises is identified as a crucial driver in mitigating carbon emissions. An estimation of DIT's impact on manufacturing industries' carbon emission intensity (CEI) and its underlying mechanisms was conducted using data from Chinese A-share listed companies. Research findings indicate that DIT significantly reduces corporate CEI. Robustness tests, such as the instrumental variable method and variable substitution method, confirm this conclusion. By enhancing labor productivity and accelerating capital renewal, DIT indirectly lowers CEI. Furthermore, non-state-owned enterprises with superior market competitiveness have been observed to be markedly adept at harnessing DIT for CEI. The heterogeneity test found that DIT has a considerably significant effect on reducing CEI in enterprises that are not low-carbon pilots, non-broadband pilots, smart pilots, non-provincial capitals, and eastern cities. This study provides new evidence supporting the promotion of enterprise DIT for achieving green development, offering insights for corporate policy making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Cao
- China Center for Special Economic Zone Research, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Lianqing Li
- School of Economics and Management, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- Shenzhen Audencia Financial Technology Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China; School of Finance, Guangdong University of Finance & Economics, Guangdong, 510320, China.
| | - Wanli Ma
- School of Business, Shandong University, Weihai, 264200, China.
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4
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Ullah S, Lin B. Assessing the environmental impacts of clean energy investment in Pakistan using a dynamic autoregressive distributed lag model. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121549. [PMID: 38955042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the authors projected the impacts of clean energy investment on environmental degradation by applying a novel and dynamic Autoregressive Distributed Lag (DARDL) model for Pakistan from 1990 to 2022. Most researchers have used ecological footprint or CO2 emissions indicators to look at how clean energy investment affects environmental degradation, which primarily represents contamination induced by humans' consumption patterns and does not consider the impact of the supply side. Against this background, the study scrutinized the dynamic interaction between clean energy investment and environmental sustainability using the load capacity factor (LCF) as an ecological indicator in Pakistan, including economic growth, population density, trade openness, urbanization, and industrialization in the analysis. The long-run estimates from DARDL indicate that a 1 percent upsurge in clean energy investment mitigates environmental degradation by approximately 0.42 percent on average, controlling for other factors. Further, the study also revealed that a 1 percent increase in clean energy investment diminishes dirty energy consumption by approximately 0.45 percent. The validity of the findings is confirmed using alternate methods, i.e., KRLS. The study recommends that Pakistan prioritize investment in clean energy projects to promote environmental sustainability and enforce environmental regulations to reduce the adverse externalities associated with dirty energy activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Ullah
- School of Management, China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy,Collaborative Innovation Center for Energy Economics and Energy Policy, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361005, China; Belt and Road Research Institute, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Boqiang Lin
- School of Management, China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy,Collaborative Innovation Center for Energy Economics and Energy Policy, Xiamen University, Fujian, 361005, China.
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5
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Ul-Durar S, Arshed N, De Sisto M, Nazarian A, Sadaf A. Modeling green energy and innovation for ecological risk management using second generation dynamic quantile panel data model. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121741. [PMID: 38986379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Ecological risk management has emerged as a critical research and policy development area in energy and environmental economics. Sustained ecology is crucial for the standard of living and food security. As the adverse impacts of environmental degradation and climate change become increasingly apparent it is imperative to understand ecological risk and its interconnectedness with environmental pressure, clean energy, economic activity, globalization, and green technology. Ecological risk is assessed using the environmental performance index which is a holistic indicator of climate change, environmental pressures and human actions in which most of these indicators have spatial effects. This paper explores the multifaceted relationship between identified anthropogenic critical factors and their role in effectively managing ecological risk globally. This study has developed the second-generation dynamic panel quantile regression considering spatial effects of economic activities on ecology across borders of 55 countries between 1995 and 2022. This innovative hybrid estimation scheme that integrated theoretical and econometric aspects makes the model robust to major regression issues. Several implications ranked in decreasing order of its effectiveness are reducing environmental pressure, expediting energy transition, and embracing economic integration while there is a need to work on rejuvenating green technology and green growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shajara Ul-Durar
- University of Sunderland, The School of Business Management Edinburgh Building, Chester Road, Sunderland, United Kingdom, SR1 3SD; Durham University, Business School, Mill Hill Lane, Durham, DH1 3LB, United Kingdom.
| | - Noman Arshed
- Department of Economics, Division of Management and Administrative Science, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Marco De Sisto
- Graduate School of Business and Law, RMIT University, 445 Swanston Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| | - Alireza Nazarian
- University of Westminster, The School of Business Management, 35 Marylebone Road, NW1 5LS, United Kingdom.
| | - Ashina Sadaf
- Department of Physics, Van Mildert College, Ogden Centre for Fundamental Physics, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom.
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6
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Dam MM, Durmaz A, Bekun FV, Tiwari AK. The role of green growth and institutional quality on environmental sustainability: A comparison of CO 2 emissions, ecological footprint and inverted load capacity factor for OECD countries. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121551. [PMID: 38909570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Green growth is of great importance in terms of solving environmental problems and achieving sustainable development goals. However, the existing literature has not investigated how green growth affects environmental degradation and environmental sustainability variables. In light of this gap, this study aims to analyse the impact of green growth and institutional quality on CO2 emissions, ecological footprint and inverse load capacity factor in OECD countries by constructing three different models. The results of the analysis indicate that (i) green growth exerts a significant mitigating and differentiating effect on CO2, ecological footprint and inverted load capacity factor in the long run. This is evidenced by a 1% increase in green growth reducing CO2, ecological footprint and inverted load capacity factor by 0.563%, 0.373% and 0.198%, respectively. (i) The impact of green growth on CO2 and inverted load capacity factor in the long run is negative and statistically significant; (ii) the impact of green growth on CO2 and inverted load capacity factor in the short run is negative and statistically significant; (iii) the impact of institutional quality on deterioration is positive and significant in the long run; (iv) the impact of population on deterioration and sustainability is significant and mixed. The findings indicate that decision-makers in OECD countries should review green energy policies when setting the sustainable development goals, as environmental sustainability is more challenging than reducing pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Metin Dam
- Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Department of International Trade and Finance, Nazilli, 09800, Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Durmaz
- Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Department of Environmental Health, Efeler, Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Festus Victor Bekun
- Faculty of Economics Administrative and Social Sciences, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul, Turkey; Adnan Kassar School of Business, Department of Economics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; Western Caspian University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - Aviral Kumar Tiwari
- Indian Institute of Management Bodh Gaya (IIM Bodh Gaya), Bodh Gaya, 824234, Gaya, Bihar, India.
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7
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Agan B. Sustainable development through green transition in EU countries: New evidence from panel quantile regression. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121545. [PMID: 38917545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable development addresses global challenges by promoting practices that balance economic, social, and environmental considerations. Key factors include the shifting to green energy and the integrating of green technology in the sustainable development process. This study investigates the heterogenous effects of green technology development, green energy, R&D expenditures, FDI, economic growth, and urbanization on CO2 emissions in 25 European Union (EU) countries using panel quantile regression over the period 2000-2021. The results, based on panel quantile regression, indicate that green energy decreases CO2 emissions from the 10th to the 90th quantiles, while green technology development increases CO2 emissions at the lower quantiles (10th to 60th) and then turns negative. The robustness of the fixed effect model also confirms the findings of the study. Additionally, panel causality tests indicate no causal link between green technology development and CO2 emissions, but there is bidirectional causality between green energy and CO2 emissions. Therefore, the findings highlight that policymakers should thoroughly evaluate measures and strategies to encourage the development of green technologies and green energy sources to reduce high levels of CO2 emissions. One strategy is to provide financial aid and support technological advances to produce green energy at reduced costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Agan
- Ostim Technical University, Ankara, Department of Economics, Ostim, 100. Yıl Blv 55/F, 06374, Ostim Osb/Yenimahalle/Ankara, Turkey.
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8
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Arshad A, Gulzar O, Shahid OB, Nawaz F. Exploring the mediating role of financial inclusion in the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and CO2 emissions: A global perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:46965-46978. [PMID: 38981962 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33954-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
This study examines the connection between economic policy uncertainty (EPU), CO2 emissions, and financial inclusion in developed and developing countries. Using the data from 2004 to 2021, advanced statistical techniques are employed, including Sobel test, to explore the mediating effect of financial inclusion on the relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and CO2 emissions. There is a dearth of research examining these three variables together in a single study. Similarly, using financial inclusion as a mediator in the relation of EPU and CO2 emissions is a novel concept. This article employs a multi-indicator approach to measure key variables like CO2 emissions and financial inclusion. The results indicate that uncertainties in economic policies contribute in practices that lead to higher CO2 emissions in overall panel data of 44 countries. In addition, when considering the relationship between EPU and FI, the results indicate a significant and negative relationship between EPU and FI. If there is uncertainty in economic policies, it may lead toward challenges and hurdles in financial inclusion. When the mediating affect was checked, it was found financial inclusion acts as a significant mediator in the relationship between EPU and CO2 emissions, depicting that financial inclusion fosters the environmental quality and mitigates the potential harmful effects of environmental aspects of economic policy uncertainty. Therefore, policies that promote financial inclusion should be given top priority by governments, particularly in emerging nations. Financial literacy and bank service accessibility should be promoted. These measures would lessen the impact of staggering economic policies on CO2 emissions. It is necessary for policymakers to include environmental factors, specifically those relating to carbon emissions, into economic strategies. This requires encouraging industries to adopt eco-friendly practices and coordinating economic strategies with sustainability objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameena Arshad
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Obaid Gulzar
- UE Business School, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Osama Bin Shahid
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Nawaz
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Punjab, Pakistan
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9
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Ahmed B, Wahab S, Rahim S, Imran M, Khan AA, Ageli MM. Assessing the impact of geopolitical, economic, and institutional factors on China's environmental management in the Russian-Ukraine conflicting era. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120579. [PMID: 38503230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In contemporary times, geopolitical risk, and natural resources prices are susceptible due to the Russian-Ukraine conflict. In the meantime, emerging economies are struggling to explore the factors that could reduce ecological challenges and enhance environmental management. This research aims to analyze several economic, environmental, political, and institutional variables to ascertain their influence on greenhouse gas emissions in China. Covering the latest period from 1990 to 2022, various time series tests, including normality, stationarity, and cointegration tests. The results confirm that the variables studied have a stable pattern over time and are connected in the long run. The non-normal distribution of variables leads to opt novel moment quantile regression, where the results are tested for robustness via parametric approaches. The empirical results asserted that economic growth, natural resource prices, and trade significantly enhance ecological challenges (emissions). However, globalization, geopolitical risk, and institutional quality significantly reduce such environmental challenges. The results are robust, and both unidirectional and bidirectional causal associations confirm the importance of these variables in environmental management. Based on the results, this study recommends engagement in environmentally-friendly trading, investment in clean and green energy, and strengthening institutional quality for the region's environmental recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Ahmed
- School of Business, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Salman Wahab
- School of Economics, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Syed Rahim
- Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE), Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Imran
- School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Afaq Ahmad Khan
- School of Management Sciences and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Mohammed Moosa Ageli
- College of Applied Business Administration., King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Çamkaya S, Karaaslan A. Do renewable energy and human capital facilitate the improvement of environmental quality in the United States? A new perspective on environmental issues with the load capacity factor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:17140-17155. [PMID: 38334924 PMCID: PMC10894151 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Recently, countries have been making intensive efforts to alleviate the burden on the environment and to make environmental conditions sustainable. In this context, our study aims to investigate the long-term impact of renewable energy consumption (REC) and human capital (HC) by considering the load capacity factor (LCF). We also investigate the long-term impact of economic growth (Y) and non-renewable energy consumption (NREC) on the LCF. In this context, we analyze annual data for the U.S. for the period 1965-2018 using the newly developed augmented ARDL (AARDL) approach. The long-term empirical results show the following. i) Increases in Y negatively affect LCF and deteriorate environmental quality. ii) Increases in NREC negatively affect LCF and accelerate the deterioration of environmental quality. iii) REC has no significant impact on environmental quality. iv) Increases in HC support the improvement of environmental quality. The empirical results show that contrary to expectations, renewable energy consumption does not have a significant impact on environmental quality in the U.S., whereas human capital is an important factor in improving environmental quality. In this context, US policymakers should pave the way for more investment in eco-friendly renewable energy investments and human capital to establish sustainable environmental quality. Policymakers should also take steps to reduce the use of fossil fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhat Çamkaya
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Kafkas University, Merkez/KARS, Turkey
| | - Abdulkerim Karaaslan
- Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Atatürk University, Yakutiye/Erzurum, Turkey.
- Master Araştırma Eğitim Ve Danışmanlık Hizmetleri Ltd. Şti. Ata Teknokent, Erzurum, Turkey.
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11
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Lian W, Sun X, Wang Y, Duan H, Gao T, Yan Q. The mechanism of China's renewable energy utilization impact on carbon emission intensity: Evidence from the perspective of intermediary transmission. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 350:119652. [PMID: 38016235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Renewable energy (RE) plays a crucial role in global energy transformation, and a thorough study of the potential impact of RE on regional carbon emissions is of great significance. This is particularly relevant to China, which needs to clarify its path to carbon reduction. Using the sample data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2021, this paper uses the Granger causality test to verify the causal relationship between carbon emission intensity (CEI) and other factors. It builds a mediation effect model on this basis to explore the direct impact effect and indirect transmission path of renewable energy utilization (REU) on CEI. The results show that REU has a one-way causal relationship with CEI. REU can directly and indirectly reduce CEI by improving social wealth and changing the direction of energy investment. In addition, REU indirectly increases CEI through the transmission paths of investment in the energy industry - social affluence and industrial level-social affluence. The CEI is indirectly reduced through the conduction paths of (social affluence-Urbanization rate), (Investment in the energy industry-Urbanization rate), (Industrial level-Urbanization rate), and (Industrial level-Investment in the energy industry). These conclusions will assist policymakers in exploring targeted pathways for low-carbon power development, providing a reference for strategic and sustainable carbon reduction policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Lian
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China; Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiaoyan Sun
- School of Economics and Law, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, 050043, China.
| | - Yixin Wang
- School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Hongmei Duan
- Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, Beijing, 100710, China
| | - Tianming Gao
- Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China; Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China; Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China; Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
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12
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Bukhari WAA, Pervaiz A, Zafar M, Sadiq M, Bashir MF. Role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in environmental quality and their subsequent effects on average temperature: an assessment of sustainable development goals in South Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:115360-115372. [PMID: 37884714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30493-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Environmental quality is a global concern, and an accurate assessment of environmental progress has emerged as a key element in achieving sustainable development goals. The study offers a two-pronged contribution by analyzing the interplay between renewable energy consumption, traditional energy consumption, and urbanization on environmental quality while simultaneously testing the impact of environmental quality on average temperature. Distinguishing itself from prior research, the study employs both carbon emissions and ecological footprint to ensure an intricate and reliable analysis. Current study analyzes data from 1970 to 2022 from South Korea to indicate that energy-environment association is influenced by energy consumption, urbanization, and economic growth, while renewable energy consumption is key in long-term environmental sustainability. Our extensive econometric analysis allows us to suggest that South Korea need to prioritize renewable energy, and green growth is prioritized so that economic growth and green agenda are synchronized to overcome environmental challenges. Addictingly, there is need to devise long-term environmental policies to strengthen the role of environmental innovation in energy productivity and boost renewable energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ali Ather Bukhari
- Higher Education Department, Government of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Economics, Division of Management and Administrative Science, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amber Pervaiz
- Department of Economics, Division of Management and Administrative Science, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahwish Zafar
- Faculty of Business and Management Science, The Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sadiq
- Business School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Farhan Bashir
- College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Pata UK, Yurtkuran S, Ahmed Z, Kartal MT. Do life expectancy and hydropower consumption affect ecological footprint? Evidence from novel augmented and dynamic ARDL approaches. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19567. [PMID: 37809494 PMCID: PMC10558799 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human activities threaten the future of the ecosystem by emitting pollution to the air, water, and soil. Considering the increasing ecological footprint (EF), the study focuses on investigating the role of life expectancy and hydropower consumption by controlling also income, trade openness, and globalization on the environment under the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for Turkey during 1971-2018. In this context, the study performs recently developed augmented autoregressive distributed lag (AARDL) and dynamic ARDL (DARDL) methods. The results show that (i) life expectancy increases the environmental pressure; (ii) hydropower consumption has no effect on the EF; (iii) globalization and trade openness reduce the EF; (iv) the EKC hypothesis is valid, but the estimated turning point lies between USD 19,914 and USD 20,571, which is far from the sample period in Turkey. From the overall results, it can be concluded that Turkey cannot solve environmental problems with insufficient income levels, an increasing elderly population, and ineffective use of hydropower. Hence, Turkey should rely on income much more, use hydropower much more efficiently, and benefit from the spillover effect of technological innovations related to globalization and foreign trade to significantly reduce the EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Korkut Pata
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, 80000, Merkez, Osmaniye, Turkey
- Adnan Kassar School of Business, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Suleyman Yurtkuran
- Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Department of International Trade and Logistics, Trabzon University, 61040, Ortahisar, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Zahoor Ahmed
- Adnan Kassar School of Business, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Business Admistration, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Bahçeşehir Cyprus University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Borsa Istanbul Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, and Investor Relations Directorate, İstanbul, Turkey
- Adnan Kassar School of Business, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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14
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Kartal MT, Kılıç Depren S, Ayhan F. Natural gas supply cuts and searching alternatives in Germany: A disaggregated level energy consumption analysis for environmental quality by time series approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93546-93563. [PMID: 37505390 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
By considering the search for alternatives against Russia's natural gas supply cuts, this study explores the impact and causality of disaggregated level energy consumption indicators on environmental quality. Hence, the study investigates Germany, which is the leading economy in Europe and highly dependent on Russia's natural gas supply, by using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as the environment indicator, including annual data from 1970 to 2021, and applying novel time series approaches. In the empirical examination, Granger causality-in-quantiles (GCiQ), quantile-on-quantile regression (QoQR), and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) are applied as base models while quantile regression (QR) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) are used for robustness. The empirical findings show that (i) there are causal impacts of disaggregated level energy consumption indicators on CO2 emissions; (ii) renewable energy and hydroelectricity consumption have a decreasing impact, whereas natural gas, coal, and oil energy consumption have an increasing impact on CO2 emissions; (iii) although nuclear energy has been discussed as a potential alternative, nuclear energy does not have a significant impact in decreasing CO2 emissions; (iv) natural gas consumption has an interaction with renewable energy, hydroelectricity, and coal energy consumption; (v) the power of disaggregated level energy consumption indicators on CO2 emissions vary according to quantiles, thresholds, and interactions between energy consumption indicators; (iv) alternative models validate robustness of the results obtained. Thus, the results imply that the most appropriate alternative is coal energy consumption in the short-term and renewable energy consumption in the long-term to compensate for Russia's natural gas supply cuts, whereas nuclear energy consumption is not a real alternative for Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, and Investor Relations Directorate, Borsa Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Fatih Ayhan
- Department of Economics, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Turkey
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15
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Caglar AE, Daştan M, Mehmood U, Avci SB. Assessing the connection between competitive industrial performance on load capacity factor within the LCC framework: Implications for sustainable policy in BRICS economies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-29178-1. [PMID: 37608171 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29178-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization plays a crucial role in socio-economic development as it holds significant potential for creating new jobs, tightening the income gap, and promoting the use of advanced technology. As global competition intensifies, emerging economies emulate industrialized economies in accelerating manufacturing activity to improve national welfare and join the new global order. However, policymakers' understanding of how competitiveness in the industrial sector helps developing countries accomplish their sustainable development goals must be deepened. This paper aims to analyze the connections among competitive industrial performance, renewable energy consumption, urbanization, and load capacity factor (LCF) in the BRICS economies for the period between 1990 and 2018. Robust evidence from the continuously updated fully modified (CUP-FM) and continuously updated bias-corrected (CUP-BC) models shows that greater industrial competitiveness enhances environmental quality. The findings also reveal that income growth ultimately evolves as an ecologically friendly factor, confirming the validity of the load capacity curve (LCC) hypothesis. Another outcome of the econometric analysis indicates that renewable energy consumption contributes to the LCF, whereas urbanization damages the environment. Therefore, BRICS policymakers should concentrate on maintaining their competitiveness, implementing resilient urban planning, and promoting the usage of renewable energy to safeguard the environment while simultaneously achieving rapid economic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammet Daştan
- Department of Economics, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
| | - Usman Mehmood
- Department of Political Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
- Center for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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16
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Georgescu I, Kinnunen J. The role of foreign direct investments, urbanization, productivity, and energy consumption in Finland's carbon emissions: an ARDL approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:87685-87694. [PMID: 37428319 PMCID: PMC10406721 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28680-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of productivity, energy consumption, foreign direct investments, and urbanization on carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) in Finland during 2000-2020 using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. The results show that (i) there is evidence of cointegration among variables; (ii) energy consumption has a positive effect on CO2 emissions in the long run; (iii) labor productivity and urbanization have a negative effect on CO2 emissions in the long run; (iv) foreign direct investments are not a significant explainer of CO2 emissions. The results are discussed with some policy implications and suggested future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Georgescu
- Bucharest University of Economics, Calea Dorobanți, 15-17, Sector 1, 010552 București, Romania
| | - Jani Kinnunen
- Åbo Akademi University, Tuomiokirkontori 3, 20500 Turku, Finland
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17
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Destek MA, Pata UK. Carbon efficiency and sustainable environment in India: impacts of structural change, renewable energy consumption, fossil fuel efficiency, urbanization, and technological innovation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:92224-92237. [PMID: 37486472 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Minimizing carbon pollution and fossil fuels is among the most crucial issues in the sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, global environmental concerns have increased since India did not sign the global coal pledge at COP 26. It is therefore a question mark how India will achieve the 2070 carbon-free target with the increasing use of coal and oil. In this contenxt, this work examines the impact of fossil fuel efficiency, structural change, renewable energy consumption, technological innovation, and urbanization on carbon efficiency in India from 1980 to 2019. Employing the dynamic autoregressive distributed lag approach; the study reveals that fossil fuel efficiency, structural change, renewable energy, and technological innovation improve carbon efficiency, while urbanization worsens environmental quality. Based on the study's findings, the Indian government should invest more and incentivize technological innovation that supports fossil fuel efficiency and renewable energy deployment to achieve the SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ugur Korkut Pata
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, 80000, MerkezOsmaniye, Turkey.
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18
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Zulfiqar M, Tahir SH, Ullah MR, Ghafoor S. Digitalized world and carbon footprints: does digitalization really matter for sustainable environment? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:88789-88802. [PMID: 37440138 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing demand for energy to support economic and social development. There will be many shifts in the energy sector as a result of digitization. Hence, we aim analyzing the linkage between digitalization and environment sustainability by incorporating energy consumption as a moderating factor using data of UK from 1990 to 2020. Different dimensions of digitalization are used as explanatory variables, ecological and carbon footprints are used as outcomes and energy consumption is used as moderator. The findings of autoregressive distributed lag model show that internet users and technological advancement (fixed telephone subscription and mobile cellular) are negatively (positively) linked with ecological and carbon footprints. Energy consumption causes to enhance ecological and carbon footprints and plays an antagonistic role in the nexus of internet users, technological advancement, and ecological and carbon footprints. The effects of mobile cellular and fixed telephone subscription have increased in the presence of energy consumption as moderator which exhibits that energy consumption plays an enhancing role in the links between mobile cellular, fixed telephone subscription and ecological and carbon footprints. The results underscore the importance of taking a holistic approach to addressing the environmental impact of digital technologies. By promoting sustainable communication practices and investing in the development of more energy-efficient technologies, practitioners, managers, and society as a whole can work together to reduce the carbon and ecological footprints of digital technologies and create a more sustainable future for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zulfiqar
- Faculty of Administrative and Management Sciences, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Kan, Pakistan
| | - Safdar Husain Tahir
- Lyallpur Business School, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sadeen Ghafoor
- School of Accounting, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, China
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19
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Magazzino C, Mele M, Drago C, Kuşkaya S, Pozzi C, Monarca U. The trilemma among CO 2 emissions, energy use, and economic growth in Russia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10225. [PMID: 37353561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper examines the relationship among CO2 emissions, energy use, and GDP in Russia using annual data ranging from 1990 to 2020. We first conduct time-series analyses (stationarity, structural breaks, cointegration, and causality tests). Then, we performed some Machine Learning experiments as robustness checks. Both approaches underline a bidirectional causal flow between energy use and CO2 emissions; a unidirectional link running from CO2 emissions to real GDP; and the predominance of the "neutrality hypothesis" for energy use-GDP nexus. Therefore, energy conservation measures should not adversely affect the economic growth path of the country. In the current geopolitical scenario, relevant policy implications may be derived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Magazzino
- Department of Political Sciences, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mele
- "Niccolò Cusano" University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sevda Kuşkaya
- Justice Vocational College, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cesare Pozzi
- Department of Economics, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Umberto Monarca
- Department of Economics, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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20
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Jamshidi N, Owjimehr S, Etemadpur R. Financial innovation and environmental quality: Fresh empirical evidence from the EU Countries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27429-9. [PMID: 37184802 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27429-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Evidence shows that the European Union (EU) is a leader in using financial innovation to overcome environmental challenges and ensure sustainable development. This study explores the heterogeneous effects of financial innovations on carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) due to their destructive effects in the context of the EU, by employing the novel Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MM-QR). The study also evaluates the environmental Kuznets hypothesis during the period of 2000-2020. We used four proxies for financial innovation; the ratio of the aggregate money supply to narrow money (M3/M1), the ratio of broad to narrow money (M2/M1), the percentage change in domestic credit to the private sector (% of GDP) and a composite index of these indices using the Principal Component Analysis technique. The findings indicate that raising three financial innovation proxies can effectively raise environmental quality. It should be noted that while M3/M1 has a stronger and negative effect on CO2 emissions in low quantiles, M2/M1 has a stronger and negative effect on CO2 emissions in high quantiles. Therefore, it is recommended that a larger amount of M2 and M3 resources be directed towards green projects for financing in countries with both high and low levels of CO2 emissions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Jamshidi
- Department of Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Etemadpur
- Department of Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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21
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Pata UK, Kartal MT, Liu H, Zafar MW. Environmental reverberations of geopolitical risk and economic policy uncertainty resulting from the Russia-Ukraine conflict: A wavelet based approach for sectoral CO2 emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116034. [PMID: 37142083 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
After the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022, and a natural gas crisis between the European Union (EU) and Russia has begun. These events have negatively affected humanity and resulted in economic and environmental consequences. Against this background, this study examines the impact of geopolitical risk (GPR) and economic policy uncertainty (EPU) caused by the Russia-Ukraine conflict, on sectoral carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. To this end, the study analyzes data from January 1997 to October 2022 by using wavelet transform coherence (WTC) and time-varying wavelet causality test (TVWCT) approaches. The WTC results show that GPR and EPU reduce CO2 emissions in the residential, commercial, industrial, and electricity sectors, while GPR increases CO2 emissions in the transportation sector during the period from January 2019 to October 2022, which includes Russia-Ukraine conflict. The WTC analysis also indicates that the reduction in CO2 emissions provided by the EPU is higher than that of the GPR for several periods. According to the TVWCT, there are causal impacts of the GPR and the EPU on sectoral CO2 emissions, but the timing of the causal impacts differs between the raw and decomposed data. The results suggest that the EPU has a larger impact on reducing sectoral CO2 emissions during the Ukraine-Russia crisis and that production disruptions due to uncertainty have the greatest impact on reducing CO2 emissions in the electric power and transportation sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Korkut Pata
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, 80000 Merkez, Osmaniye, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Borsa Istanbul Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, and Investor Relations Directorate, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Haiying Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun, 130012, China; Center for Quantitative Economics of Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Muhammad Wasif Zafar
- Ripah School of Business and Management, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.
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22
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Ayhan F, Kartal MT, Kılıç Depren S, Depren Ö. Asymmetric effect of economic policy uncertainty, political stability, energy consumption, and economic growth on CO 2 emissions: evidence from G-7 countries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47422-47437. [PMID: 36737567 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study deals with the asymmetric effect of economic policy uncertainty and political stability on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions considering also energy consumption and economic growth. In this context, the study investigates G-7 countries, which make up an important part of the world economy. Also, the study uses yearly data between 1997 and 2021 as the most available intersection data for all countries included. Besides, this study applies a novel nonlinear approach as quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) as the base model, and quantile regression (QR) is used for robustness. The empirical results present that (i) economic policy uncertainty has a decreasing effect on CO2 emissions in Italy, Japan, and the United States of America (USA), whereas it has a mixed effect in Canada, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom (UK); (ii) political stability also has a mixed effect on CO2 emissions; (iii) energy consumption has an accelerating effect on CO2 emissions while the power of effect changes at quantiles; (iv) economic growth has generally an increasing effect on CO2 emissions, whereas it has a decreasing effect at lower quantiles in Japan, at middle quantiles in France and Germany, and at higher quantiles in Italy; and (v) the QR results support the robustness of QQR findings. Thus, the empirical results highlight that G-7 countries should consider the asymmetric and quantile-based varying effects of the economic policy uncertainty, political stability, and economic growth to reach their carbon neutrality targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Ayhan
- Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, and Investor Relations Directorate, Borsa Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Özer Depren
- Customer Experience Research Lab., Yapı Kredi Bank, Istanbul, Turkey
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23
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Ulussever T, Kılıç Depren S, Kartal MT, Depren Ö. Estimation performance comparison of machine learning approaches and time series econometric models: evidence from the effect of sector-based energy consumption on CO 2 emissions in the USA. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:52576-52592. [PMID: 36829097 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
By considering the existence of two separate analysis families and the usage of different data frequencies, this study aims to examine the effect of method choice, data frequency, and sector-based energy consumption on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by performing machine learning (ML) algorithms and time series econometric (TS) models simultaneously. In this situation, the study examines the United States (USA), considers sector-based energy consumption indicators as explanatory variables, uses monthly and yearly data between January 1973 and December 2021, estimates CO2 emissions, and compares the estimation performance of the models. The empirical findings reveal that (i) the ML algorithms outperform the TS models based on R2 and goodness of fit criteria; (ii) the estimation performance of the models increases with the high-frequency (i.e., monthly) data; (iii) the ML algorithms perform much better in case of high-frequency usage; (iv) some thresholds identify the effects of the sector-based energy consumption indicators on the CO2 emissions; (v) electric power and transportation sectors are the most important sectors in the estimation of the CO2 emissions for monthly and yearly data, respectively. Hence, the study provides to help the understanding role of method choice, data frequency, and sector-based energy consumption for the estimation of CO2 emissions. Based on the results, this study proposes that US policymakers should consider the ML algorithms, use higher-frequency data, and include sector-based energy consumption indicators to have a better estimation of CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talat Ulussever
- Department of Economics and Finance, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
- Center for Sustainable Energy and Economic Development (SEED), Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
| | | | - Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, and Investor Relations Directorate, Borsa Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Özer Depren
- Customer Experience Research Lab., Yapı Kredi Bank, Istanbul, Turkey
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24
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Adebayo TS, Kartal MT. Effect of green bonds, oil prices, and COVID-19 on industrial CO 2 emissions in the USA: Evidence from novel wavelet local multiple correlation approach. ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT 2023:0958305X231167463. [PMCID: PMC10107025 DOI: 10.1177/0958305x231167463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the effect of green bonds, oil prices, and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In this context, this study examines the United States of America (USA), which is the biggest economy in the world, uses weekly data between March 6, 2020 and September 30, 2022, and applies a novel wavelet local multiple correlation (WLMC) approach under time-varying and frequency-varying perspective. The novel empirical findings shows that (i) there is a strong negative (positive) co-movement between industrial CO2 emissions and green bonds in the short-run (long-run); (ii) there is a strong positive (negative) co-movement between industrial CO2 emissions and oil price in the medium-run (long-run); (iii) there is a strong negative (positive) co-movement between industrial CO2 emissions and the COVID-19 pandemic in the medium-run (long-run); (iv) the oil price is the dominant factor, whereas there are changing effect of the variables on each other at different times and frequencies; and (vi) overall, there are long-run asymmetric and dynamic correlations between industrial CO2 emissions and variables. Hence, the empirical results highlight the asymmetric, time-varying, and frequency-varying effects of green bonds, oil prices, and the COVID-19 pandemic on industrial CO2 emissions by presenting fresh and novel evidence. Moreover, the study proposes policy implications for the USA government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo
- Department of Economics Nicosia, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Borsa Istanbul Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, and Investor Relations Directorate, İstanbul, Turkey
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25
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Ulussever T, Ertuğrul HM, Kılıç Depren S, Kartal MT, Depren Ö. Estimation of Impacts of Global Factors on World Food Prices: A Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms and Time Series Econometric Models. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040873. [PMID: 36832948 PMCID: PMC9957413 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is a well-felt recent phenomenal fact that global food prices have dramatically increased and attracted attention from practitioners and researchers. In line with this attraction, this study uncovers the impact of global factors on predicting food prices in an empirical comparison by using machine learning algorithms and time series econometric models. Covering eight global explanatory variables and monthly data from January 1991 to May 2021, the results show that machine learning algorithms reveal a better performance than time series econometric models while Multi-layer Perceptron is defined as the best machine learning algorithm among alternatives. Furthermore, the one-month lagged global food prices are found to be the most significant factor on the global food prices followed by raw material prices, fertilizer prices, and oil prices, respectively. Thus, the results highlight the effects of fluctuations in the global variables on global food prices. Additionally, policy implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talat Ulussever
- Department of Economics and Finance, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally 32093, Kuwait
- Center for Sustainable Energy and Economic Development (SEED), Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally 32093, Kuwait
| | - Hasan Murat Ertuğrul
- Department of Economics, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
- Correspondence: (H.M.E.); (M.T.K.)
| | - Serpil Kılıç Depren
- Department of Statistics, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, and Investor Relations Directorate, Borsa Istanbul, 34467 İstanbul, Turkey
- Correspondence: (H.M.E.); (M.T.K.)
| | - Özer Depren
- Customer Experience Research Lab., Yapı Kredi Bank, 34330 İstanbul, Turkey
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26
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Adebayo TS, Kartal MT, Ullah S. Role of hydroelectricity and natural gas consumption on environmental sustainability in the United States: Evidence from novel time-frequency approaches. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 328:116987. [PMID: 36549236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study analyzes time- and frequency-varying impacts of hydroelectricity energy consumption, natural gas energy consumption, and economic growth on environmental sustainability proxied by carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the United States of America (the US) for the period 1965/Q1 to 2020/Q4. This study is the first of its kind to contribute to the current literature by analyzing dynamic relationships among these variables in the short-, medium-, and long-term at different time frequencies in the framework of a multivariate correlation, hence providing a more comprehensive picture about the impacts of these effective factors on CO2 emissions. To meet the objectives of the study, Wavelet local multiple local (WLMC), which is a recent novel methodology developed by Polanco-Martínez et al. (2020), is applied. Moreover, the Wavelet coherence (WTC) approach is used for robustness check. The outcomes provide fresh insights into the long-term dynamic correlations among hydroelectricity energy consumption, natural gas energy consumption, economic growth, and CO2 emissions. The study discovers a robust positive co-movement between natural gas energy consumption and CO2 emissions and a negative correlation between hydro energy consumption and CO2 emissions that is the most intense on the long-term frequencies. Furthermore, economic growth causes CO2 emissions, which is evidenced by a positive relationship between both factors at short- and long-term time-frequencies. Supported by the outcomes of the study, the authors urge to suggest crucial insights and policy points for the US policymakers to shift from fossil energy to renewable energy sources to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG-7 and SDG-13, since they induce lower emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo
- Cyprus International University, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Mersin-10, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Tevfik Kartal
- Borsa Istanbul Strategic Planning, Financial Reporting, And Investor Relations Directorate, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sami Ullah
- Shandong University, Research Center for Labor Economics and Human Resources, Weihai, PR China.
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27
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Do nuclear energy and renewable energy surge environmental quality in the United States? New insights from novel bootstrap Fourier Granger causality in quantiles approach. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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