1
|
Paciência I, Sharma N, Hugg TT, Rantala AK, Heibati B, Al-Delaimy WK, Jaakkola MS, Jaakkola JJK. The Role of Biodiversity in the Development of Asthma and Allergic Sensitization: A State-of-the-Science Review. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:66001. [PMID: 38935403 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in land use and climate change have been reported to reduce biodiversity of both the environment and human microbiota. These reductions in biodiversity may lead to inadequate and unbalanced stimulation of immunoregulatory circuits and, ultimately, to clinical diseases, such as asthma and allergies. OBJECTIVE We summarized available empirical evidence on the role of inner (gut, skin, and airways) and outer (air, soil, natural waters, plants, and animals) layers of biodiversity in the development of asthma, wheezing, and allergic sensitization. METHODS We conducted a systematic search in SciVerse Scopus, PubMed MEDLINE, and Web of Science up to 5 March 2024 to identify relevant human studies assessing the relationships between inner and outer layers of biodiversity and the risk of asthma, wheezing, or allergic sensitization. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022381725). RESULTS A total of 2,419 studies were screened and, after exclusions and a full-text review of 447 studies, 82 studies were included in the comprehensive, final review. Twenty-nine studies reported a protective effect of outer layer biodiversity in the development of asthma, wheezing, or allergic sensitization. There were also 16 studies suggesting an effect of outer layer biodiversity on increasing asthma, wheezing, or allergic sensitization. However, there was no clear evidence on the role of inner layer biodiversity in the development of asthma, wheezing, and allergic sensitization (13 studies reported a protective effect and 15 reported evidence of an increased risk). CONCLUSIONS Based on the reviewed literature, a future systematic review could focus more specifically on outer layer biodiversity and asthma. It is unlikely that association with inner layer biodiversity would have enough evidence for systematic review. Based on this comprehensive review, there is a need for population-based longitudinal studies to identify critical periods of exposure in the life course into adulthood and to better understand mechanisms linking environmental exposures and changes in microbiome composition, diversity, and/or function to development of asthma and allergic sensitization. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13948.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Paciência
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Needhi Sharma
- University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Timo T Hugg
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aino K Rantala
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Behzad Heibati
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Maritta S Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jouni J K Jaakkola
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wen C, An Q, Zhou T, Yang F, Yan C. Integrating subjective feelings into the evaluation of ecological restoration outcomes of urban green space: Indicator framework from bibliometrics analysis and evidence synthesis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 360:121121. [PMID: 38744204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Despite much progress has been made in the evaluation of ecological restoration outcomes, there is still a lack of a suitable framework for evaluating the ecological restoration outcomes of urban green space. In view of this, this study systematically analyzed the characteristics and differences between the evaluation index systems of ecological restoration outcome and urban green space quality evaluation, and then discussed the relationship between objective elements of landscape and people's subjective feelings. On this basis, an ecological restoration outcome evaluation framework was developed for urban green space considering people's subjective feelings. It was found that the existing studies of ecological restoration outcome evaluation mainly focused on the change of ecological components and structure, while urban green space environmental quality evaluation on the cultural services. Common ecological components and structure and people's subjective feelings were not all synergy or trade-off relations, in fact, there were still cases of trade-off and synergy relations co-existing. Therefore, a framework was constructed for evaluating the ecological restoration outcome of urban green space, including ecological components and structure, ecological services, social services, and people's subjective feelings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuying An
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luque-García L, Muxika-Legorburu J, Mendia-Berasategui O, Lertxundi A, García-Baquero G, Ibarluzea J. Green and blue space exposure and non-communicable disease related hospitalizations: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 245:118059. [PMID: 38157973 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The global increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) presents a critical public health concern. Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to natural environments may reduce the risk of developing NCDs through multiple pathways. The present systematic review aims to synthesize and evaluate the observational evidence regarding associations between exposure to green and blue spaces and hospital admissions related to NCDs. A comprehensive literature search strategy was conducted in Embase (Ovid), PubMed, and Web of Science. The risk of bias and quality of the evidence were assessed using The Navigation Guide methodology, an approach specifically designed for environmental health research. Of 3060 search results, 17 articles were included. Notably, the majority of the studies (n = 14; 82.4%) were published from 2020 onwards. Most studies were conducted in the United States (n = 6; 35.3%) and China (n = 4; 23.5%). Exposure to green spaces was assessed through all studies, while only three included blue spaces. In terms of study design, cohort design was employed in nearly half of the studies (n = 8; 47.1%), followed by case-crossover design (n = 3, 17.6%). Over 75% of the included studies (n = 13) had a high or probably high rating in the risk of bias assessment. The studies encompassed diverse NCD outcome domains; cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) (n = 10), respiratory diseases (RSDs) (n = 2), heat-related diseases (n = 1), metabolic diseases (n = 2), cancer (n = 1), neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) (n = 2), and mental health disorders (n = 2). The present review suggests that a clear link between blue space exposure and NCD hospital admissions is not evident. However, exposure to green spaces appears to predominantly have a protective effect, although the direction of the association varies across different outcome domains. The heterogeneity among the outcome domains together with the limited number of studies, emphasizes the need for more robust evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Luque-García
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, 48940, Spain; Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Paseo Doctor Begiristain S/n, 20014, Donostia- San Sebastián, Spain; Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Goierri Alto-Urola Integrated Health Organisation, Zumarraga Hospital, Zumarraga, 20700, Spain.
| | - J Muxika-Legorburu
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Goierri Alto-Urola Integrated Health Organisation, Zumarraga Hospital, Zumarraga, 20700, Spain
| | - O Mendia-Berasategui
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Goierri Alto-Urola Integrated Health Organisation, Zumarraga Hospital, Zumarraga, 20700, Spain
| | - A Lertxundi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, 48940, Spain; Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Paseo Doctor Begiristain S/n, 20014, Donostia- San Sebastián, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - G García-Baquero
- Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Paseo Doctor Begiristain S/n, 20014, Donostia- San Sebastián, Spain; Faculty of Biology, University of Salamanca, Avda Licenciado Méndez Nieto S/n, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - J Ibarluzea
- Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, Paseo Doctor Begiristain S/n, 20014, Donostia- San Sebastián, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013, San Sebastián, Spain; Faculty of Psychology of the University of the Basque Country, 20018, San Sebastian, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu Y, Lin H, Liu Q, Ma Y, Zhao L, Li W, Zhou Y, Byun HM, Li P, Li C, Sun C, Chen X, Liu Z, Dong W, Chen L, Deng F, Wu S, Hou S, Guo L. Association of residential greenness, air pollution with adverse birth outcomes: Results from 61,762 mother‑neonatal pairs in project ELEFANT (2011-2021). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169549. [PMID: 38145684 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence has demonstrated the benefits of greenness exposure on human health, while conflicts remain unsolved in issue of adverse birth outcomes. METHODS Utilizing data from project ELEFANT spanning the years 2011 to 2021, we assessed residential greenness using the NDVI from MODIS data and residential PM2.5 exposure level from CHAP data. Our primary concerns were PTD, LBW, LGA, and SGA. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to examine the association of residential greenness and air pollution exposure with risk of adverse birth outcomes. We performed mediation and modification effect analyses between greenness and air pollutant. RESULTS We identified 61,762 mother‑neonatal pairs in final analysis. For per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration during entire pregnancy was associated with 19.8 % and 20.7 % increased risk of PTD and LGA. In contrast, we identified that an 0.1 unit increment in NDVI were associated with 24 %, 43 %, 26.5 %, and 39.5 % lower risk for PTD, LBW, LGA, and SGA, respectively. According to mediation analysis, NDVI mediated 7.70 % and 7.89 % of the associations between PM2.5 and PTD and LGA. Residential greenness could reduce the risk of PTD among mothers under 35 years old, living in rural areas, primigravidae and primiparity.. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our results highlighted the potential of residential greenness to mitigate the risk of adverse birth outcomes, while also pointing to the adverse impact of PM2.5 on increased risk of multiple adverse birth outcomes (PTD and LGA). The significant mediation effect of NDVI emphasizes its potential as an important protective factor of PM2.5 exposure. Additionally, the identification of susceptible subgroups can inform targeted interventions to reduce adverse birth outcomes related to air pollution and lack of green spaces. Further research and understanding of these associations can contribute to better public health strategies aimed at promoting healthier pregnancies and birth outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Yu
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Huishu Lin
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qisijing Liu
- Research Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Ma
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Weixia Li
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hyang-Min Byun
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Penghui Li
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Congcong Sun
- Department of Scientific Research Center, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated of Wenzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziquan Liu
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenlong Dong
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Liqun Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Furong Deng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Shike Hou
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China.
| | - Liqiong Guo
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang M, Liu W, Li H, Li F. Greenness and chronic respiratory health issues: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1279322. [PMID: 38125839 PMCID: PMC10732026 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1279322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The number of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) individuals worldwide has been continuously increasing. Numerous studies have shown that greenness can improve chronic respiratory health issues through different mechanisms, with inconsistent evidence. By quantitatively summarizing existing studies, our purpose is to determine the connection between greenness exposure and various chronic respiratory health. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science core databases to identify relevant studies on the correlation between greenness exposure and chronic respiratory health issues. Studies published up to January 2023 were included in the search. The study used the most frequent indicator (normalized difference vegetation index [NDVI]) as the definition of greenness exposure. Results We finally identified 35 studies for meta-analysis. We calculated pooled effects across studies using a random-effects model and conducted a subgroup analysis by age and buffer zones to discuss the effects on chronic respiratory health issues. This study showed that 0.1 increments in NDVI were significantly related to lower rates of asthma incidence, lung cancer incidence, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality risk; the pooled RRs were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.85-0.98), 0.62 (95% CI: 0.40-0.95), and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92- 0.99), respectively. For the age subgroup, the higher greenness exposure level was related to the incidence rate of asthma among teenagers aged 13-18years (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.83-0.99). For the buffer subgroup, a positive relationship with greenness exposure and asthma incidence/prevalence at 200-300m and 800- 1000m buffers, as well as the COPD mortality at 800-1000m buffer, the pooled RRs were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.98), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81-0.93), and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88- 0.98), respectively. Evidence of publication bias was not detected in this study. Discussion Our study is the first global meta-analysis between greenness and various CRDs to report an inverse association. Further research is needed in order to determine the effect of greenness exposure on different CRDs. Therefore, when planning for green development, more consideration must be given to public health and green management as intervention measures. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/384029_STRATEGY_20230116.pdf.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Tang
- School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Art, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Haifang Li
- School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengyi Li
- School of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Seastedt H, Nadeau K. Factors by which global warming worsens allergic disease. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 131:694-702. [PMID: 37689112 PMCID: PMC10873081 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.08.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Increased use of fossil fuels has led to global warming with concomitant increases in the severity and frequency of extreme weather events such as wildfires and sand and dust storms. These changes have led to increases in air pollutants such as particulate matter and greenhouse gases. Global warming is also associated with increases in pollen season length and pollen concentration. Particulate matter, greenhouse gases, and pollen synergistically increase the incidence and severity of allergic diseases. Other indirect factors such as droughts, flooding, thunderstorms, heat waves, water pollution, human migration, deforestation, loss of green space, and decreasing biodiversity (including microbial diversity) also affect the incidence and severity of allergic disease. Global warming and extreme weather events are expected to increase in the coming decades, and further increases in allergic diseases are expected, exacerbating the already high health care burden associated with these diseases. There is an urgent need to mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate change to improve human health. Human health and planetary health are connected and the concept of One Health, which is an integrated, unifying approach to balance and optimize the health of people, animals, and the environment needs to be emphasized. Clinicians are trusted members of the community, and they need to take a strong leadership role in educating patients on climate change and its adverse effects on human health. They also need to advocate for policy changes that decrease the use of fossil fuels and increase biodiversity and green space to enable a healthier and more sustainable future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Seastedt
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Andersen ZJ, Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Hoffmann B, Melén E. Climate change and respiratory disease: clinical guidance for healthcare professionals. Breathe (Sheff) 2023; 19:220222. [PMID: 37492343 PMCID: PMC10365076 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0222-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is one of the major public health emergencies with already unprecedented impacts on our planet, environment and health. Climate change has already resulted in substantial increases in temperatures globally and more frequent and extreme weather in terms of heatwaves, droughts, dust storms, wildfires, rainstorms and flooding, with prolonged and altered allergen and microbial exposure as well as the introduction of new allergens to certain areas. All these exposures may have a major burden on patients with respiratory conditions, which will pose increasing challenges for respiratory clinicians and other healthcare providers. In addition, complex interactions between these different factors, along with other major environmental risk factors (e.g. air pollution), will exacerbate adverse health effects on the lung. For example, an increase in heat and sunlight in urban areas will lead to increases in ozone exposure among urban populations; effects of very high exposure to smoke and pollution from wildfires will be exacerbated by the accompanying heat and drought; and extreme precipitation events and flooding will increase exposure to humidity and mould indoors. This review aims to bring respiratory healthcare providers up to date with the newest research on the impacts of climate change on respiratory health. Respiratory clinicians and other healthcare providers need to be continually educated about the challenges of this emerging and growing public health problem and be equipped to be the key players in solutions to mitigate the impacts of climate change on patients with respiratory conditions. Educational aims To define climate change and describe major related environmental factors that pose a threat to patients with respiratory conditions.To provide an overview of the epidemiological evidence on climate change and respiratory diseases.To explain how climate change interacts with air pollution and other related environmental hazards to pose additional challenges for patients.To outline recommendations to protect the health of patients with respiratory conditions from climate-related environmental hazards in clinical practice.To outline recommendations to clinicians and patients with respiratory conditions on how to contribute to mitigating climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Jovanovic Andersen
- Section of Environment and Health, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Connolly R, Lipsitt J, Aboelata M, Yañez E, Bains J, Jerrett M. The association of green space, tree canopy and parks with life expectancy in neighborhoods of Los Angeles. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107785. [PMID: 36921560 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence suggests that access to urban green spaces and parks is associated with positive health outcomes, including decreased mortality. Few existing studies have investigated the association between green spaces and life expectancy (LE), and none have used small-area data in the U.S. Here we used the recently released U.S. Small-Area Life Expectancy Estimates Project data to quantify the relationship between LE and green space in Los Angeles County, a large diverse region with inequities in park access. We developed a model to quantify the association between green space and LE at the census tract level. We evaluated three green space metrics: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI, 0.6-meter scale), percent tree canopy cover, and accessible park acres. We statistically adjusted for 15 other determinants of LE. We also developed conditional autoregressive models to account for spatial dependence. Tree canopy and NDVI were both significantly associated with higher LE. For an interquartile range (IQR) increase in each metric respectively, the spatial models demonstrated a 0.24 to 0.33-year increase in LE. Tree canopy and NDVI also modified the effect of park acreage on LE. ln areas with tree canopy levels below the county median, an IQR increase in park acreage was associated with an increase of 0.12 years. Although on an individual level these effects were modest, we predicted 155,300 years of LE gains across the population in LA County if all areas below median tree canopy were brought to the county median of park acres. If tree canopy or NDVI were brought to median levels, between 570,300 and 908,800 years of LE could be gained. The majority of potential gains are in areas with predominantly Hispanic/Latinx and Black populations. These findings suggest that equitable access to green spaces could result in substantial population health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Connolly
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Jonah Lipsitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Manal Aboelata
- Prevention Institute, 4315 Leimert Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90008, United States
| | - Elva Yañez
- Prevention Institute, 4315 Leimert Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90008, United States
| | - Jasneet Bains
- Prevention Institute, 4315 Leimert Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90008, United States
| | - Michael Jerrett
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Zhou N, Zhi Y. Association between exposure to greenness and atopic march in children and adults-A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1097486. [PMID: 36699899 PMCID: PMC9868616 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1097486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Allergic diseases are a global public health problem. Food allergy, atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma represent the natural course of allergic diseases, also known as the "atopic march". In recent years, a large number of studies have been published on the association between greenness exposure and allergic diseases. However, systematic reviews on the association between greenness exposure and multiple allergic diseases or atopic march are lacking. Methods In this study, PubMed, EMBASE, ISI Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched. Meta-analyses were performed if at least three studies reported risk estimates for the same outcome and exposure measures. Results Of 2355 records, 48 studies were included for qualitative review. Five birth cohort studies, five cross-sectional studies, and one case-control study were included for asthma meta-analysis, respectively. Four birth cohort studies were included for AR meta-analysis. Our results support that exposure to a greener environment at birth reduces the risk of asthma and AR in childhood. In addition, higher greenness exposure was associated with decreased odds of current asthma in children. Discussion There was a large heterogeneity among the included studies and most of them did not specify the vegetation type and causative allergens. Therefore the study results need to be further validated. In addition, a small number of studies evaluated the association between greenness and food allergy, AD and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. More research is needed to strengthen our understanding of the association between greenness and allergic diseases.
Collapse
|