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Shi Z, Zhang J, Ma H, Jing L. Network pharmacology and in vivo experimental studies reveal the protective effects of 6-hydroxygenistein against hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36241. [PMID: 39253263 PMCID: PMC11382173 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injury (HHBI) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that has still not been effectively treated. There are several different mechanisms involved in HHBI. Among them, oxidative stress and inflammation response predominate. 6-hydroxygenistein (4',5,6,7-tetrahydroxyisoflavone, 6-OHG) is a hydroxylated derivative of genistein with excellent antioxidant activity, however, the protective effects and underlying mechanisms against HHBI have not been clarified. In the present study, we aimed to explore the mechanisms of action of 6-OHG on HHBI using network pharmacology and experimental validation. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 186 candidate targets through the intersection of the targets of 6-OHG and related genes in HHBI, which were mainly enriched in oxidative stress and inflammation response. Moreover, key targets of 6-OHG against HHBI, namely Nrf2 and NF-κB, were screened and found to be closely related to oxidative stress and inflammation response. Subsequent in vivo experiments revealed that 6-OHG treatment attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation response, prevented energy disorder and apoptosis as well as maintained the BBB integrity in HHBI mice. In addition, 6-OHG administration up-regulated the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 and down-regulated the expressions of NF-κB and NLRP3, thereby inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation response. Hence, the present study demonstrates that 6-OHG protects against HHBI by stimulating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqun Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Huiping Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
| | - Linlin Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, China
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Ma Q, Noda M, Danshiitsoodol N, Sugiyama M. Fermented Stevia Improves Alcohol Poisoning Symptoms Associated with Changes in Mouse Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:3708. [PMID: 37686739 PMCID: PMC10489940 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously found that the continuous feeding of ethanol caused mice dysbiosis, in which the cecal microbiota were significantly altered, as compared with those in the non-feeding control group, especially in some bacterial genera involved in gut inflammation. In the present study, we have found that the fermented extract of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) leaves with plant-derived lactic acid bacteria (LABs), Pediococcus pentosaceus LY45, improves the trimethylamine (TMA) productivity of cecal content, which can be used as an indicator of dysbiosis. The following animal experiment also shows that the LY45-fermented stevia extract represses the typical increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, which decreased from 1106 to 210 IU/L (p < 0.05) and from 591 to 100 IU/L (p < 0.05), respectively, together with the simultaneously latent TMA productivity (from 1356 to 745 μM, p < 0.05) of cecal content in the ethanol-fed mice. The microbiota analyses have shown that the observed increased alterations in pro-inflammatory genera putative SMB53 (family Clostridiaceae) and Dorea are restored by the fermented stevia extract. Our result indicates that the preliminary bioconversion of herbal medicinal precursors by fermentation with safe microorganisms like LABs is expected to be a hopeful method of producing specific metabolites that may contribute to the reconstruction of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Masanori Sugiyama
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (Q.M.); (M.N.); (N.D.)
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Chen C, Li X, Kano Y, Yuan D, Qu J. Oriental traditional herbal Medicine--Puerariae Flos: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116089. [PMID: 36621660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria Flos (PF), a traditional herbal medicine, is botanically from the dried flowers of Pueraria lobate (Willd.) Ohwi. (Chinese: ) or Pueraria thomsonii Benth. (Chinese: ). It has a long history of thousands of years in China for awakening the spleen, clearing the lungs, relieving alcohol. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to report the up-to-date research progress in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology, metabolism and therapeutic application of PF, so as to provide a strong basis for future clinical treatment and scientific research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information on PF was collected from scientific literature databases including PubMed, CNKI and other literature sources (Ph.D. and M.Sc. dissertations and Chinese herbal classic books) by using the keyword "Puerariae". RESULTS Briefly, phytochemical research report has isolated 39 flavonoids, 19 saponins and 25 volatile oils from PF. Flavonoids and saponins are the most important bioactive compounds, and most of the quality control studies focus on these two types of compounds. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed their significant biological activities in relieving alcoholism, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation, which provides theoretical support for the traditional use. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive analysis showed that pharmacological activity of most purified compounds from PF had not been reported. Kakkalide, tectoridin and their deglycosylated metabolites (irisolidone and tectorigenin) has been focused on excessively due to their higher content and better activities. This leads to low development and resources waste. Interestingly, PF made a breakthrough in the field of food. Many kinds of fat-lowering foods such as PILLBOX Onaka have been popular in Japan market, which received extensive attention. Therefore, we suggest that future research can be paid attention on the development of the plant's function in the field of food and medicine, as well as the transformation from experimental to clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Chen
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yoshihiro Kano
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Jialin Qu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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4
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A Novel Soy Isoflavone Derivative, 3′-Hydroxyglycitin, with Potent Antioxidant and Anti-α-Glucosidase Activity. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172202. [PMID: 36079584 PMCID: PMC9460358 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrated the enzymatic hydroxylation of glycitin to 3′-hydroxyglycitin, confirming the structure by mass and nucleic magnetic resonance spectral analyses. The bioactivity assays further revealed that the new compound possessed over 100-fold higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine free-radical scavenging activity than the original glycitin, although its half-time of stability was 22.3 min. Furthermore, the original glycitin lacked anti-α-glucosidase activity, whereas the low-toxic 3′-hydroxyglycitin displayed a 10-fold higher anti-α-glucosidase activity than acarbose, a standard clinical antidiabetic drug. The inhibition mode of 3′-hydroxyglycitin was noncompetitive, with a Ki value of 0.34 mM. These findings highlight the potential use of the new soy isoflavone 3′-hydroxyglycitin in biotechnology industries in the future.
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Patel DK. Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities and Analytical Aspects of an Isoflavone Glycoside Tectoridin. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x19666220411133129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Polyphenols are a group of plant secondary metabolites that are produced in plants as a protective system against oxidative stress, UV radiation, pathogens and predator’s attack. Flavonoids are major class of plant phenolics found to be present in fruits, vegetables, tea and red wine. Tectoridin also called 40,5,7-thrihydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone-7-Ob-D-glucopyranoside is an isoflavone glycoside found to be present in the flower of Porites lobata.
Methods:
Present work focused on the biological importance, therapeutic potential and pharmacological activities of tectoridin in medicine. Numerous scientific data has been collected from different literature databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed and Scopus in order to know the health beneficial potential of tectoridin. Pharmacological data have been analyzed in the present work to know the biological effectiveness of tectoridin against human disorders. Analytical data of tectoridin have been collected and analyzed in the present work in order to know the importance of modern analytical method in the isolation, separation and identification of tectoridin.
Results:
Scientific data analysis revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of tectoridin in medicine, signifying the therapeutic potential of tectoridin in the healthcare systems. Biological activities of tectoridin are mainly due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, anti-angiogenic, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, estrogenic, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. However effectiveness of tectoridin against rat lens aldose reductase, nitric oxide, skeletal and cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum and enzymes have been also presented in this work. Analytical data signified the importance of modern analytical techniques for the separation, identification and isolation of tectoridin.
Conclusion:
Present work signified the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of tectoridin in the medicine and other allied health sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Hong LL, Kong JQ. Altering the Regioselectivity of Cytochrome P450 BM3 Variant M13 toward Genistein through Protein Engineering and Variation of Reaction Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32059-32066. [PMID: 33344860 PMCID: PMC7745415 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The biocatalysts responsible for the enzymatic synthesis of hydroxygenisteins, derivatives of genistein with multiple activities, usually show regioselective promiscuity, hydroxylating genistein to form a mixture of multiple products, which, in turn, results in a cumbersome separation and purification. Hence, it is highly desired to explore the underlying mechanism regulating the regioselectivity of hydroxylases. M13 is a variant of cytochrome P450 BM3 with oxidant activity toward genistein. Herein, genistein was demonstrated to be hydroxylated by M13 to form a mixture of 3'-hydroxygenistein (3'-OHG) and 8-hydroxygenistein (8-OHG), each giving 4% conversion with a ratio of 1:1. Protein engineering toward M13 was thus performed to improve its regioselectivity. When isoleucine at position 86 was mutated into cysteine, the resultant variant M13I86C displayed improved regioselectivity toward 3'-OHG with an increased conversion of 8.5%. The double mutation M13I86CP18W further boosted the conversion of 3'-OHG to 9.6%, and the ratio of 3'-OHG to 8-OHG increased to 12:1. Conversely, both CoCl2 and glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) could lead to more 8-OHG. When Co2+ reached 37.5 mM, M13I86CP18W could give an 8-OHG conversion of 22.4%. The maximal ratio of 8-OHG to 3'-OHG reached 130 when 62.5 mM Co2+ was included in the reaction mixture. With the increase of G6P from 10 to 40 mM, the conversion of M13I86CP18W to 8-OHG gradually increased to 22.6%, while the conversion to 3'-OHG decreased to 6%. Thus, both intrinsic residues and external reaction conditions can affect the regiospecificity of M13, which laid the foundation for the selection of suitable biocatalysts for the hydroxylation of genistein.
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Okamoto T, Sugimoto S, Noda M, Yokooji T, Danshiitsoodol N, Higashikawa F, Sugiyama M. Interleukin-8 Release Inhibitors Generated by Fermentation of Artemisia princeps Pampanini Herb Extract With Lactobacillus plantarum SN13T. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1159. [PMID: 32582099 PMCID: PMC7283739 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some glycosides, which are detected in water extracts from medicinal plants, have been reported to be degraded into their aglycones by incubating with some microorganisms producing β-glucosidase. We have shown that a plant-derived Lactobacillus plantarum SN13T harbors 11 open reading frames (ORFs) encoding the β-glucosidase enzyme and can grow vigorously in several herbal water extracts. In this study, we observed that the water extract from Artemisia princeps Pampanini (AP) fermented with the SN13T strain strongly inhibited the release of interleukin (IL)-8 from the HuH-7 cells, when compared to that without fermentation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the SN13T strain produced at least two bioactive compounds from some compounds contained in AP extract. In addition, we determined that the two compounds were catechol and seco-tanapartholide C, which dose-dependently inhibited the release of IL-8. Because some sesquiterpene lactones are useful in pharmaceuticals, seco-tanapartholide C may be useful as an anti-inflammatory agent. This study suggests that the fermentation of medicinal herbs with Lb. plantarum SN13T is a significant technique to obtain bioactive compounds having therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Okamoto
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Frontier Science for Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sachiko Sugimoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masafumi Noda
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yokooji
- Department of Frontier Science for Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Narandalai Danshiitsoodol
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumiko Higashikawa
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Sugiyama
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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8
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An X, Bao Q, Di S, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Zhang H, Lian F, Tong X. The interaction between the gut Microbiota and herbal medicines. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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9
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Sakuranetin downregulates inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by affecting interleukin-1 receptor and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β. J Nat Med 2018; 73:353-368. [PMID: 30467676 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pruni Cortex is a herbal drug from the bark of the Japanese flowering cherries, Prunus jamasakura or Prunus verecunda, and is included in the traditional Japanese herbal (Kampo) formula Jumihaidokuto, which is administered orally to patients suffering from inflammatory skin diseases. The flavanones contained in Pruni Cortex (e.g., sakuranetin and naringenin) have potent anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-microbial activities. Although the effects of Pruni Cortex on skin disease have been well studied, reports regarding its pharmacological effects on the liver are limited. In this study, we extracted the bark of Prunus jamasakura and purified it to isolate the pharmacologically active constituents by monitoring nitric oxide (NO) production in rat hepatocytes that were treated with the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-1β. Sakuranetin and (-)-naringenin, which were present in an ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the bark extract, significantly inhibited NO induction and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. These two flavanones decreased the expression of type 1 IL-1 receptor gene and phosphorylation of Akt, also known as protein kinase B, which is regulated by phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K). Furthermore, sakuranetin decreased the phosphorylation of the activator isoforms of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), which synergistically activates the transcription of the iNOS gene with nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Therefore, sakuranetin inhibited the co-activating activity of C/EBPβ with NF-κB, leading to the suppression of iNOS gene expression in hepatocytes. Taken together, sakuranetin in Pruni Cortex downregulated the iNOS gene by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signal transduction and the phosphorylation of C/EBPβ. These results imply that sakuranetin may be primarily responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of Pruni Cortex in the liver.
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Sun Y, Zhang H, Cheng M, Cao S, Qiao M, Zhang B, Ding L, Qiu F. New hepatoprotective isoflavone glucosides from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:3485-3492. [PMID: 29968479 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1484461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Two new isoflavone glucosides, 3'-methoxyneopuerarin A (1) and 3'-methoxyneopuerarin B (2), together with nine known isoflavones including puerarin (3), neopuerarin A (4), neopuerarin B (5), daidzin (6), daidzein (7), 3'-methoxypuerarin (PG-3) (8), puerarin xyloside (9), mirificin (10), 3'-hydroxypuerarin (11) were isolated from the water extraction of the dried roots of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi. Their structures were elucidated by the means of spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis methods. All compounds were evaluated for their hepatoprotective activity on HepG2 cells. All of them showed statistically significant hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Sun
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Shijie Cao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Miao Qiao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Boli Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Liqin Ding
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin , P.R. China
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11
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Guo L, Qiao S, Hu J, Li D, Zheng S, Shi D, Liu J, Wang R. Investigation of the effective components of the flowers of Trollius chinensis from the perspectives of intestinal bacterial transformation and intestinal absorption. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1747-1758. [PMID: 28502237 PMCID: PMC6130518 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1321023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The flowers of Trollius chinensis Bunge (Ranunculaceae), used for respiratory tract infections, mainly contain flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids; however, the effective components are debatable because of their unclear in vivo activities. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effective components from the perspectives of biotransformation and absorption. MATERIALS AND METHODS Both single person derived- and multiple people-derived intestinal florae were used to investigate the biotransformation of aqueous extract of the flowers of T. chinensis (AEOF) at the concentrations of 15.0, 30.0, and 60.0 mg/mL, respectively, for 72 h. Both human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) monolayers and everted gut sacs were employed to evaluate the intestinal absorption of the intestinal bacterial transformed AEOF at the concentrations of 10, 20, and 30 mg/mL, respectively, for 180 min. RESULTS 2″-O-β-l-Galactopyranosylorientin, orientin, vitexin, quercetin, veratric acid, proglobeflowery acid, and trolline in AEOF were not transformed by intestinal bacteria, while isoquercetin and trollioside were completely transformed. The Papp values of 2″-O-β-l-galactopyranosylorientin, orientin, and vitexin calculated based on the experimental data of intestinal absorption were at the levels of 10-5, whereas those of veratric acid, proglobeflowery acid, and trolline were at 10-4. The mass ratio of flavonoids to phenolic acids to alkaloids changed from 16:10:7 to 9:12:8 before and after absorption. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The dominant position of flavonoids was replaced by phenolic acids after absorption. In addition to flavonoids which are usually considered as the dominant effective ones, phenolic acids and alkaloids should be also very important for the efficacy of these flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junhong Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Binzhou People′s Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Deli Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqi Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Duozhi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiu Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rufeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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12
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Kim JH, Woo JH, Kim HM, Oh MS, Jang DS, Choi JH. Anti-Endometriotic Effects of Pueraria Flower Extract in Human Endometriotic Cells and Mice. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030212. [PMID: 28264481 PMCID: PMC5372875 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria flowers have been used as a vegetable and an ingredient for tea and jelly. In this study, we investigated the effects of Pueraria flower extract (PFE) on endometriosis, a common gynaecological disease characterised by local sterile inflammation of peritoneal cavity. PFE suppressed the adhesion of human endometriotic cells 11Z and 12Z to human mesothelial Met5A cells. In addition, PFE significantly inhibited the migration of 11Z and 12Z cells as shown by wound-healing and transwell migration assays. PFE reduced the protein and mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in endometriotic cells. Moreover, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 was activated by PFE treatment, and an ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059, significantly inhibited PFE-inhibited cell migration in endometriotic cells. Furthermore, PFE significantly suppressed endometriotic lesion formation in a mouse model. These data suggest that Pueraria flower is a potential anti-endometriotic agent for the inhibition of endometriotic cell adhesion, migration, and MMP expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hwa Woo
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hye Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
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Yusakul G, Sakamoto S, Juengwatanatrakul T, Putalun W, Tanaka H, Morimoto S. Preparation and application of a monoclonal antibody against the isoflavone glycoside daidzin using a mannich reaction-derived hapten conjugate. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2016; 27:81-8. [PMID: 26689919 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Daidzin and its aglycone daidzein are major pharmacologically active compounds of soybean (Glycine max), kudzu (Pueraria lobata), and kwao kruea khao (P. mirifica). Pharmacological activities of daidzin are mediated by its more potent metabolites daidzein and equol; however, daidzin is the predominant compound found in these medicinal plants, and the efficacy and safety of equol depend on the amount of daidzin consumed. OBJECTIVE To develop a specific monoclonal antibody (MAb)-based indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) for standardisation of daidzin content in herbal medicines or nutraceuticals. METHODOLOGY The Mannich reaction was used for the synthesis of a highly immunogenic conjugate between daidzin and a cationised carrier protein. Splenocytes of hyperimmunised mice were fused with myeloma cells to generate a hybridoma secreting antibody against daidzin. RESULTS The icELISA showed high selectivity and acceptable sensitivity for daidzin determination (1.56-100 ng/mL) with high reproducibility (coefficients of variation were < 5%). The icELISA was a reliable analytical method for daidzin in Glycine max, Pueraria lobata and P. mirifica, for which daidzin recoveries from spiked samples were 98.99-104.94%. Daidzin content of these plant-derived products determined using the icELISA were in close agreement with those determined by a HPLC-UV method. CONCLUSION The icELISA is useful for specific daidzin determination because of its reliability, low cost, speed and high throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorawit Yusakul
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | | | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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New isoflavones from Gynandriris sisyrinchium and their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. Fitoterapia 2015; 107:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Electrochemical behavior of tectoridin and its sensitive determination based on L-arginine modified electrode. Talanta 2015; 144:726-33. [PMID: 26452883 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A simple, inexpensive and highly sensitive voltammetric method for the determination of tectoridin was developed using a poly(L-Arginine) modified electrode. The redox character of tectoridin at proposed electrode was studied systematically and some dynamic parameters were calculated for the first time. A reasonable reaction mechanism of tectoridin on the poly(L-Arginine)/GCE was also dicussed and proposed, which could be a reference for the pharmacological action of tectoridin in clinical study. And the electroanalytical method for determination of tectoridin was established by differential pulse voltammograms (DPV). Under optimum conditions, the response peak currents were linear relationship with tectoridin concentrations in the range of 5.0×10(-8)-2.0×10(-6) mol L(-1) with a detection limit of 4.0×10(-8) mol L(-1). Therefore, the high sensitivity for tectoridin sensing at the proposed electrode was achieved, and the proposed method could also be used to detect tectoridin in the Chinese medicinal herb Blackberrylily with satisfactory results.
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Zhang G, Qi W, Xu L, Kano Y, Yuan D. Pharmacokinetics of irisolidone and its main metabolites in rat plasma determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1005:23-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Qu J, Wu Z, Gao J, Wen H, Wang T, Yuan D. Excretion of tectoridin metabolites in rat urine and bile orally administrated at different dosages and their inhibitory activity against aldose reductase. Fitoterapia 2014; 99:99-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Consumption ofPuerariaFlower Extract Reduces Body Mass Indexviaa Decrease in the Visceral Fat Area in Obese Humans. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 76:1511-7. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.120235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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Chang TS. Isolation, bioactivity, and production of ortho-hydroxydaidzein and ortho-hydroxygenistein. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5699-716. [PMID: 24705463 PMCID: PMC4013590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Daidzein and genistein are two major components of soy isoflavones. They exist abundantly in plants and possess multiple bioactivities. In contrast, ortho-hydroxydaidzein (OHD) and ortho-hydroxygenistein (OHG), including 6-hydroxydaidzein (6-OHD), 8-hydroxydaidzein (8-OHD), 3'-hydroxydaidzein (3'-OHD), 6-hydroxygenistein (6-OHG), 8-hydroxygenistein (8-OHG), and 3'-hydroxygenistein (3'-OHG), are rarely found in plants. Instead, they are usually isolated from fermented soybean foods or microbial fermentation broth feeding with soybean meal. Accordingly, the bioactivity of OHD and OHG has been investigated less compared to that of soy isoflavones. Recently, OHD and OHG were produced by genetically engineering microorganisms through gene cloning of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme systems. This success opens up bioactivity investigation and industrial applications of OHD and OHG in the future. This article reviews isolation of OHD and OHG from non-synthetic sources and production of the compounds by genetically modified microorganisms. Several bioactivities, such as anticancer and antimelanogenesis-related activities, of OHD and OHG, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Sheng Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National University of Tainan, 33 Sec. 2 Su-Lin St., Tainan 702, Taiwan.
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20
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Screening for in vitro metabolites of kakkalide and irisolidone in human and rat intestinal bacteria by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 947-948:117-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Rapid screening and identification of metabolites of quercitrin produced by the human intestinal bacteria using ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:204-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Kamiya T, Takano A, Kido Y, Matsuzuka Y, Sameshima-Kamiya M, Tsubata M, Ikeguchi M, Takagaki K, Kinjo J. Evaluation of the Estrogenic Activity of Pueraria (Kudzu) Flower Extract and Its Major Isoflavones Using ER-Binding and Uterotrophic Bioassays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/pp.2013.42036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Lu L, Qian D, Yang J, Jiang S, Guo J, Shang EX, Duan JA. Identification of isoquercitrin metabolites produced by human intestinal bacteria using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 27:509-14. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linling Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing; 210046; People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing; 210046; People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing; 210046; People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing; 210046; People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing; 210046; People's Republic of China
| | - Er-xin Shang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing; 210046; People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing; 210046; People's Republic of China
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Kamiya T, Nagamine R, Sameshima-Kamiya M, Tsubata M, Ikeguchi M, Takagaki K. The isoflavone-rich fraction of the crude extract of the Puerariae flower increases oxygen consumption and BAT UCP1 expression in high-fat diet-fed mice. Glob J Health Sci 2012; 4:147-55. [PMID: 22980388 PMCID: PMC4777006 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v4n5p147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerariae flower extract (PFE) is a crude extract of the Kudzu flower. Previous studies have shown that PFE supplementation exerts anti-obesity and anti-fatty liver effects in high-fat diet-fed mice. In this study, we aimed to identify the PFE components responsible for these effects and to determine their influence on energy expenditure and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. Experiments were conducted on C57BL/6J male mice classified into 3 groups: (1) high-fat diet-fed (HFD), (2) high-fat diet-fed given PFE (HFD + PFE), and (3) high-fat diet-fed given the PFE isoflavone-rich fraction (HFD + ISOF). All groups were fed for 42 days. The HFD + PFE and HFD + ISOF groups showed significant resistance to increases in body weight, hepatic triglyceride level, and visceral fat compared to the HFD group. These groups also exhibited significant increases in oxygen consumption and UCP1-positive brown adipose tissue (BAT) area. Our results demonstrate that the active ingredients in PFE are present in the ISOF and that these compounds may increase energy expenditure by upregulation of BAT UCP1 expression. These findings provide valuable information regarding the anti-obesity effects of isoflavones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Kamiya
- Research and Development Division, Toyo Shinyaku Co. Ltd., Tosu-shi, Saga, Japan.
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25
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Enhancement of the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of Mori Cortex Radicis extract by biotransformation using Leuconostoc paramesenteroides PR. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2012; 76:1425-30. [PMID: 22878208 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.111002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mori Cortex Radicis (MCR), the root bark of Morus alba L., consists of various phytochemicals and exhibits a strong inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. To enhance the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of MCR extract without further purification of bioactive compounds, whole MCR extract was biotransformed with crude enzyme extract from a selected lactic acid bacterium, Leuconostoc paramesenteroides PR (LP). Mulberroside A (MA), a major stilbene glucoside of MCR, contains two β-glucosyl residues at the C3 and C4' positions of oxyresveratrol (OXY). The crude enzyme of LP hydrolyzed the two glycosidic bonds of MA effectively, and 97.1% of MA was biotransformed into OXY within 2 h. Commercial almond β-glucosidase hydrolyzed only one site of the two glycosidic bonds of MA, and 68.7% of MA was biotransformed to OXY-glucoside. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of the crude extract of MCR was increased approximately 6.5-fold by biotransformation using LP, and the IC(50) value of the transformed MCR was 3.7 µg/mL.
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26
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Yang J, Qian D, Jiang S, Shang EX, Guo J, Duan JA. Identification of rutin deglycosylated metabolites produced by human intestinal bacteria using UPLC–Q-TOF/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 898:95-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Liu L, Ma Y, Chen X, Xiong X, Shi S. Screening and identification of BSA bound ligands from Puerariae lobata flower by BSA functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles coupled with HPLC–MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 887-888:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Liu Y, Cheng G, Han T, Yang H, Ibrahim S, Huang W. Microbial transformation of tectoridin from Pueraria flos by Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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29
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Puerariae flos alleviates metabolic diseases in Western diet-loaded, spontaneously obese type 2 diabetic model mice. J Nat Med 2012; 66:622-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-012-0629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Han T, Cheng G, Liu Y, Yang H, Hu YT, Huang W. In vitro evaluation of tectoridin, tectorigenin and tectorigenin sodium sulfonate on antioxidant properties. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:409-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Hirayama K, Matsuzuka Y, Kamiya T, Ikeguchi M, Takagaki K, Itoh K. Metabolism of Isoflavones Found in the Pueraria thomsonii Flower by Human Intestinal Microbiota. Biosci Microflora 2011; 30:135-40. [PMID: 25045319 PMCID: PMC4103641 DOI: 10.12938/bifidus.30.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflavones contained in the root and flower of Kudzu (Pueraria lobata and related species) are suggested to be the critical component for its effects. Although metabolism of soy isoflavones has been well studied, the composition of isoflavones found in Kudzu is completely different from that of soy isoflavones. In the present study, we investigated whether isoflavones found in the flower of Pueraria thomsonii, a species of Kudzu, were metabolized by human fecal microbiota and murine small intestinal enzymes. Among 5 glycosidic isoflavones of the Pueraria thomsonii flower, tectorigenin 7-O-xylosylglucoside, tectoridin, genistin and glycitin were completely hydrolyzed by a homogenate of germfree mouse small intestine without contribution of bacteria. Released aglycones were not further metabolized, except that up to half of glycitein disappeared. Mouse small intestinal enzymes did not metabolize 6-hydroxygenistein 6,7-di-O-glucoside. Isoflavone aglycones as well as 6-hydroxygenistein 6,7-di-O-glucoside were highly metabolized by most of the human fecal suspensions. Metabolites were not detected with the present analytical methods in most cases. Although further investigations of the pharmacokinetics of Pueraria thomsonii flower isoflavones are needed, the results of the present study indicate active metabolism of Pueraria thomsonii flower isoflavones in the human intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Hirayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsuzuka
- Research and Development Division, Toyo Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 7-28 Yayoigaoka, Tosu-shi, Saga 841-0005, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kamiya
- Research and Development Division, Toyo Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 7-28 Yayoigaoka, Tosu-shi, Saga 841-0005, Japan
| | - Motoya Ikeguchi
- Research and Development Division, Toyo Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 7-28 Yayoigaoka, Tosu-shi, Saga 841-0005, Japan
| | - Kinya Takagaki
- Research and Development Division, Toyo Shinyaku Co., Ltd., 7-28 Yayoigaoka, Tosu-shi, Saga 841-0005, Japan
| | - Kikuji Itoh
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Wong KH, Li GQ, Li KM, Razmovski-Naumovski V, Chan K. Kudzu root: traditional uses and potential medicinal benefits in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 134:584-607. [PMID: 21315814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Kudzu root (Gegen in Chinese) is the dried root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, a semi-woody, perennial and leguminous vine native to South East Asia. It is often used interchangeably in traditional Chinese medicine with thomson kudzu root (Fengen in Chinese), the dried root of P. thomsonii, although the Chinese Pharmacopoeia has separated them into two monographs since the 2005 edition. For more than 2000 years, kudzu root has been used as a herbal medicine for the treatment of fever, acute dysentery, diarrhoea, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Both English and Chinese literatures on the traditional applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicology, quality control and potential interactions with conventional drugs of both species have been included in the present review. Over seventy phytochemicals have been identified in kudzu root, with isoflavonoids and triterpenoids as the major constituents. Isoflavonoids, in particular puerarin, have been used in most of the pharmacological studies. Animal and cellular studies have provided support for the traditional uses of kudzu root on cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and endocrine systems, including diabetes and its complications. Further studies to define the active phytochemical compositions, quality standards and clinical efficacy are warranted. Strong interdisciplinary collaboration to bridge the gap between traditional medicine and modern biomedical medicine is therefore needed for the development of kudzu root as an effective medicine for the management of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka H Wong
- Herbal Medicines Research and Education Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Yu YL, Liao YT, Li X, Ye Y, Ke CQ, Li XQ, Yang XZ, Yao MC. Isoflavonoid glycosides from the flowers of Pueraria lobata. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2011; 13:284-9. [PMID: 21462030 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.554404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pueraria lobata flower is a medicinal herb for treating intoxication, hepatic, and gastrointestinal tract lesions induced by alcohol. This study aims to investigate the isoflavonoid glycosides in P. lobata flowers. Two new isoflavone compounds were isolated from the extract of P. lobata flowers. Their structures were determined to be 5,6,7,4'-tetrahydroxyisoflavone-6,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and 5,6,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone-6,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside on the basis of spectroscopic means including HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, ¹H, and ¹³C NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Lu Yu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Kim JK, Kim M, Cho SG, Kim MK, Kim SW, Lim YH. Biotransformation of mulberroside A from Morus alba results in enhancement of tyrosinase inhibition. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 37:631-7. [PMID: 20411402 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mulberroside A, a glycosylated stilbene, was isolated and identified from the ethanol extract of the roots of Morus alba. Oxyresveratrol, the aglycone of mulberroside A, was produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of mulberroside A using the commercial enzyme Pectinex. Mulberroside A and oxyresveratrol showed inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase with an IC(50) of 53.6 and 0.49 microM, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activity of oxyresveratrol was thus approximately 110-fold higher than that of mulberroside A. Inhibition kinetics showed mulberroside A to be a competitive inhibitor of mushroom tyrosinase with L-tyrosine and L-DOPA as substrate. Oxyresveratrol showed mixed inhibition and noncompetitive inhibition against L-tyrosine and L-DOPA, respectively, as substrate. The results indicate that the tyrosinase inhibitory activity of mulberroside A was greatly enhanced by the bioconversion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Keun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Korea Polytechnic University, Shihung-si, Kyunggi-do 429-793, South Korea
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Niiho Y, Nakajima Y, Yamazaki T, Okamoto M, Tsuchihashi R, Kodera M, Kinjo J, Nohara T. Simultaneous analysis of isoflavones and saponins in Pueraria flowers using HPLC coupled to an evaporative light scattering detector and isolation of a new isoflavone diglucoside. J Nat Med 2010; 64:313-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-010-0411-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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