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Uekusa Y, Tanioka C, Nakamoto K, Tsutsumi R, Iida C, Enshu N, Nishimura T, Kiuchi F, Kikuchi H. Compound-compound interaction analysis of baicalin and berberine derivatives in aqueous solution. J Nat Med 2024; 78:590-598. [PMID: 38573419 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-024-01804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Baicalin and berberine are biologically active constituents of the crude drugs Scutellaria root and Coptis rhizome/Phellodendron bark, respectively. Baicalin and berberine are reported to combine together as a 1:1 complex that forms yellow precipitates by electrostatic interaction in decoctions of Kampo formulae containing these crude drugs. However, the structural basis and mechanism for the precipitate formation of this compound-compound interaction in aqueous solution remains unclarified. Herein, we searched for berberine derivatives in the Coptis rhizome that interact with baicalin and identified the chemical structures involved in the precipitation formation. Precipitation assays showed that baicalin formed precipitates with berberine and coptisine but not with palmatine and epiberberine. Thus, the 2,3-methylenedioxy structure may be crucial to the formation of the precipitates, and electrostatic interaction is necessary but is not sufficient. In this multicomponent system experiment, palmatine formed a dissociable complex with baicalin and may competitively inhibit the formation of berberine and coptisine precipitation with baicalin. Therefore, the precipitation formed by berberine and baicalin was considered to be caused by the aggregation of the berberine-baicalin complex, and the 2,3-methylenedioxy structure is likely crucial to the aggregation of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Uekusa
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Chiharu Tanioka
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Nakamoto
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Riina Tsutsumi
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Chihiro Iida
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Naoto Enshu
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nishimura
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Kiuchi
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Division of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
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Wang X, Fu L, Cheng W, Chen J, Zhang H, Zhu H, Zhang C, Fu C, Hu Y, Zhang J. Oral administration of Huanglian-Houpo herbal nanoemulsion loading multiple phytochemicals for ulcerative colitis therapy in mice. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2204207. [PMID: 37139554 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2204207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How to achieve stable co-delivery of multiple phytochemicals is a common problem. This study focuses on the development, optimization and characterization of Huanglian-HouPo extract nanoemulsion (HLHPEN), with multiple components co-delivery, to enhance the anti-ulcerative colitis (UC) effects. The formulation of HLHPEN was optimized by pseudo-ternary phase diagram combined with Box-Behnken design. The physicochemical properties of HLHPEN were characterized, and its anti-UC activity was evaluated in DSS-induced UC mice model. Based on preparation process optimization, the herbal nanoemulsion HLHPEN was obtained, with the droplet size, PDI value, encapsulation efficiency (EE) for 6 phytochemicals (berberine, epiberberine, coptisine, bamatine, magnolol and honokiol) of 65.21 ± 0.82 nm, 0.182 ± 0.016, and 90.71 ± 0.21%, respectively. The TEM morphology of HLHPEN shows the nearly spheroidal shape of particles. The optimized HLHPEN showed a brownish yellow milky single-phase and optimal physical stability at 25 °C for 90 days. HLHPEN exhibited the good particle stability and gradual release of phytochemicals in SGF and SIF, to resist the destruction of simulated stomach and small intestine environment. Importantly, the oral administration of HLHPEN significantly restored the shrunk colon tissue length and reduced body weight, ameliorated DAI value and colon histological pathology, decreased the levels of inflammatory factors in DSS-induced UC mice model. These results demonstrated that HLHPEN had a significant therapeutic effect on DSS-induced UC mice, as a potential alternative UC therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanjun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Yuan D, Wang Z, Li B, Li X, Wang Y, Wang X, Cao J, Guo Y, Du H, Lu S. Complexation of Apigenin and Oxymatrine Leading to Enhanced Anti-inflammatory Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:1179-1188. [PMID: 37115657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Apigenin (APG) is a well-known dietary flavonoid with multiple bioactivities, but its poor aqueous solubility may result in low oral bioavailability and thus compromised therapeutic effects. In the present study, APG was complexed with oxymatrine (OMT), a natural quinolizidine alkaloid, for enhanced anti-inflammatory activity, and the related mechanisms in the interaction of APG with OMT were investigated. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy characterizations demonstrated the occurrence of an APG-OMT complex formed at a molar ratio of 1:2. Then, molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemical calculations were utilized to elucidate that hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic effects were the main forces acting in the formation of the APG-OMT complex. Pharmacokinetic studies in rats demonstrated that the oral bioavailability of APG in the APG-OMT complex was significantly higher than that of APG alone. Finally, bioactivity evaluation in the lipopolysaccharide-induced acute inflammatory injury mouse models showed that the APG-OMT complex exhibited more potent anti-inflammatory effects than APG alone. This study confirmed that APG and OMT exerted enhanced anti-inflammatory effects through self-complexation, which may provide a novel strategy for improving the bioavailability and bioactivity of natural product mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingyun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
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Kiuchi F. [Biologically Active Constituents of Natural Medicines -A Mixture Can Do More]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2022; 142:629-639. [PMID: 35650083 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.22-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural medicines, including crude drugs and Kampo prescriptions, have a long history of clinical uses. An important characteristic of natural medicines is that they are multicomponent medicines. Kampo prescriptions, particularly, usually consist of several crude drugs that contain a large number of constituents. The therapeutic effects of a Kampo prescription result from the total effects of its constituents and not from the effect of a representative constituent with a strong pharmacological effect. In fact, only a few of these constituents with strong biological activity have been listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia as therapeutic agents. During my research career, I have observed various synergistic effects and interactions among the constituents of natural medicines. This article reviewed our researches on the biologically active constituents of natural medicines, including the analysis of the anti-inflammatory constituents of orengedokuto (a Kampo prescription). Understanding the role of each constituent with therapeutic effects in Kampo prescriptions forms a scientific basis of Kampo medicine. This will enable the better use and quality control of Kampo prescriptions. Moreover, this will aid the future development of a multicomponent mimic for a specific effect of a Kampo prescription using the appropriate mixture of active constituents in amounts found in the prescription. The above is my dream as a natural product chemist, and I believe that the mixture can do more than we anticipate!
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Oshima N, Saito M, Niino M, Hiraishi Y, Ueki K, Okoshi K, Hakamatsuka T, Hada N. Elucidation of Chemical Interactions between Crude Drugs Using Quantitative Thin-Layer Chromatography Analysis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030593. [PMID: 35163854 PMCID: PMC8839786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the interactions between crude drugs in Kampo medicines (traditional Japanese medicines), it is important to determine the content of the constituents in a cost-effective and simple manner. In this study, we quantified the constituents in crude drug extracts using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), an inexpensive and simple analytical method, to elucidate the chemical interactions between crude drugs. We focused on five crude drugs, for which quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods are stipulated in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia XVIII (JP XVIII) and compared the analytical data of HPLC and TLC, confirming that the TLC results corresponded with the HPLC data and satisfied the criteria of JP XVIII. (Z)-ligustilide, a major constituent in Japanese Angelica Root, for which a method of quantification has not been stipulated in JP XVIII, was also quantitatively analyzed using HPLC and TLC. Furthermore, Japanese Angelica Root was combined with 26 crude drugs to observe the variation in the (Z)-ligustilide content from each combination by TLC. The results revealed that combinations with Phellodendron Bark, Citrus Unshiu Peel, Scutellaria Root, Coptis Rhizome, Gardenia Fruit, and Peony Root increased the (Z)-ligustilide content. Quantifying the constituents in crude drug extracts using the inexpensive and simple TLC method can contribute to elucidating interactions between crude drugs in Kampo medicines, as proposed by the herbal-pair theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Oshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.S.); (M.N.); (Y.H.); (K.U.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: (N.O.); (N.H.); Tel.: +81-4-7121-3612 (N.H.)
| | - Maho Saito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.S.); (M.N.); (Y.H.); (K.U.); (K.O.)
| | - Mina Niino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.S.); (M.N.); (Y.H.); (K.U.); (K.O.)
| | - Yuki Hiraishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.S.); (M.N.); (Y.H.); (K.U.); (K.O.)
| | - Kana Ueki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.S.); (M.N.); (Y.H.); (K.U.); (K.O.)
| | - Kazuki Okoshi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.S.); (M.N.); (Y.H.); (K.U.); (K.O.)
| | - Takashi Hakamatsuka
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Science, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan;
| | - Noriyasu Hada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; (M.S.); (M.N.); (Y.H.); (K.U.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: (N.O.); (N.H.); Tel.: +81-4-7121-3612 (N.H.)
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Saleem A, Akhtar MF, Haris M, Abdel-Daim MM. Recent updates on immunological, pharmacological, and alternative approaches to combat COVID-19. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1331-1346. [PMID: 34331179 PMCID: PMC8324454 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is instigated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is mainly transmitted via the inhalation route and characterized by fever, coughing and shortness of breath. COVID-19 affects all age groups with no single cure. The drug discovery, manufacturing, and safety studies require extensive time and sources and, therefore, struggled to match the exponential spread of COVID-19. Yet, various repurposed drugs (antivirals, immune-modulators, nucleotide analogues), and convalescent plasma therapy have been authorized for emergency use against COVID-19 by Food and Drug Administration under certain limits and conditions. The discovery of vaccine is the biggest milestone achieved during the current pandemic era. About nine vaccines were developed for human use with varying claims of efficacy. The rapid emergence of mutations in SARS-CoV-2, suspected adverse drug reactions of current therapies in special population groups and limited availability of drugs in developing countries necessitate the development of more efficacious, safe and cheap drugs/vaccines for treatment and prevention of COVID-19. Keeping in view these limitations, the current review provides an update on the efficacy and safety of the repurposed, and natural drugs to treat COVID-19 as well as the vaccines used for its prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia
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Optimization of preparation and properties of Gardenia yellow pigment-loaded alginate beads. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0807-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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