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Dank A, Liu Y, Wen X, Lin F, Wiersma A, Boeren S, Smid EJ, Notebaart RA, Abee T. Ethylene glycol is metabolized to ethanol and acetate and induces expression of bacterial microcompartments in Propionibacterium freudenreichii. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33444. [PMID: 39027605 PMCID: PMC11255663 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethylene glycol (EG, 1,2-ethanediol) is a two-carbon dihydroxy alcohol that can be derived from fermentation of plant-derived xylose and arabinose and which can be formed during food fermentations. Here we show that Propionibacterium freudenreichii DSM 20271 is able to convert EG in anaerobic conditions to ethanol and acetate in almost equimolar amounts. The metabolism of EG led to a moderate increase of biomass, indicating its metabolism is energetically favourable. A proteomic analysis revealed EG induced expression of the pdu-cluster, which encodes a functional bacterial microcompartment (BMC) involved in the degradation of 1,2-propanediol, with the presence of BMCs confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. Cross-examination of the proteomes of 1,2-propanediol and EG grown cells revealed PDU BMC-expressing cells have elevated levels of DNA repair proteins and cysteine biosynthesis proteins. Cells grown in 1,2-propanediol and EG also showed enhanced resistance against acid and bile salt-induced stresses compared to lactate-grown cells. Our analysis of whole genome sequences of selected genomes of BMC-encoding microorganisms able to metabolize EG with acetaldehyde as intermediate indicate a potentially broad-distributed role of the pdu operon in metabolism of EG. Based on our results we conclude EG is metabolized to acetate and ethanol with acetaldehyde as intermediate within BMCs in P. freudenreichii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dank
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Yue Liu
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Xin Wen
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Fan Lin
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Anne Wiersma
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Eddy J. Smid
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Tjakko Abee
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Yang H, Wurita A, Liu J, Wang Y, Hasegawa K. Quantitation of sibutramine in human hair using gas chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 2022; 40:366-373. [PMID: 36454400 DOI: 10.1007/s11419-021-00609-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE An analytical method for quantitation of sibutramine in human hair using gas chromatography (GC)-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was newly established. In this article, a case is presented, in which a 3.5-year-old male child accidentally ingested chocolate-like product containing sibutramine, showing various symptoms; he could survived the crisis. About 1 month after the incident, his scalp hair sample was subjected to analysis for the causative sibutramine. METHOD After cryo-grinding for the hair sample, target compound was extracted with methanol, and the solvent layer was evaporated to dryness. The residue was reconstituted in methanol and analyzed by GC-MS/MS, using the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with a deuterated isotope internal standard. RESULTS The substance was identified as sibutramine; its concentration in the hair sample of the child was 58.6 pg/mg. The calibration curve of sibutramine in hair samples had a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 20-200 pg/mg (r > 0.99); the extraction recovery rate 85.2-91.8%; the interday and intraday precision and accuracy (bias) examined not greater than 9.6%. Sibutramine in human hair had good stability under 3 different storage conditions at room (20 °C), refrigerated (4 °C) and frozen ( - 20 °C) temperatures for at least 7 days. CONCLUSIONS It should be expected that the method established in this study would contribute to rapid determinations of sibutramine. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing quantitation of sibutramine in an authentic human hair sample by GC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Yang
- Department of Legal Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Amin Wurita
- Department of Legal Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Jinlei Liu
- Department of Legal Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Legal Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, China
| | - Koutaro Hasegawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
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Wurita A, Suzuki M, Miyoshi N, Minakata K, Yamagishi I, Nozawa H, Hasegawa K. Investigation on toxicological usefulness of synovial fluids, as an alternative matrix: postmortem distribution/redistribution of triazolam and its predominant metabolite α-hydroxytriazolam in human body fluids. Forensic Toxicol 2021; 40:208-214. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-021-00604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hasegawa K, Minakata K, Suzuki M, Suzuki O. The standard addition method and its validation in forensic toxicology. Forensic Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-021-00585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
In the quantitative forensic toxicological analyses using instruments, major methods to be employed are conventional matrix-matched calibration method (MMCM). However, nowadays, the needs for using the standard addition methods (SAM) are increasing. In spite of this situation, there are no reports of the guidelines for the validations of SAM. In this review, the principle, how to perform it, advantages, disadvantages, reported application data, and the details of validation procedures for the SAM are described.
Methods
Various databases such as SciFinder, Google and Google Scholar were utilized to collect relevant reports referring to the SAM. The long experiences of our research group on the SAM were also included in this review.
Results
Although the experimental procedures for the SAM are much more laborious than those of the MMCM, the SAM is essential to quantify target xenobiotic(s) in special matrices such as human solid tissues or biles, which remarkably interfere with the usual quantitative analyses. The validation methods for the SAM have been also proposed for the cases in the absence of the blank matrices.
Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first presentation of detailed SAM procedure and its validation, which will facilitate the use of the SAM in forensic toxicology. Especially for its validation, new simple methods have been proposed.
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Wurita A, Hasegawa K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Minakata K, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. Postmortem distribution/redistribution of buformin in body fluids and solid tissues in an autopsy case using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with QuEChERS extraction method. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 314:110376. [PMID: 32615395 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An autopsy for a suicidal case of a male in his 40s, who had died of poisoning due to ingestion of a large amount of buformin, was performed at our department. Buformin is biganide class agent used for patients of diabetes mellitus, which can occasionally cause severe lactic acidosis. The autopsy was performed about 10 days after his death, and the direct cause of his death was judged as asphyxia due to the aspiration of stomach contents into the airway. The nine body fluids and eight solid tissues specimens were dealt with for investigating postmortem distribution/redistribution of buformin in a whole body; femoral vein blood, right and left heart blood, pericardial fluid, urine, bile, stomach contents, small intestine contents, cerebrospinal fluid, the brain, lung, heart muscle, liver, spleen, kidney and skeletal muscle were examined. For extracting buformin from specimens, a modified QuEChERS method including dispersive solid-phase extraction was employed, followed by the analysis by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Buformin in various kinds of human matrices were quantified by the standard addition method in this study, which can overcome the matrix effects and recovery rates without use of blank human matrices. All concentrations of buformin in specimens examined in this case were extremely higher than those of previously reported poisoning cases. The concentrations of buformin in left and right heart blood and femoral vein blood specimens of this case were 399, 216 and 261μg/mL, respectively; although the direct cause of his death was judged as asphyxia due to occlusion of airway with stomach contents, the vomiting was thought to be provoked by buformin poisoning. In this study, marked differences of buformin concentrations between brain tissue and cerebral spiral fluids, and other specimens were observed, which suggested that its distribution was influenced also by blood-brain-barrier. Although a number of buformin poisoning cases were published so far, they gave sporadic data on its concentrations and/or distribution in some limited human specimens. This study is the first to describe detailed distribution/redistribution of buformin in a whole human body quantified by using LC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Wurita
- Department of Legal Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Koutaro Hasegawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Hideki Nozawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Itaru Yamagishi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kayoko Minakata
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kanako Watanabe
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
| | - Osamu Suzuki
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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Liang D, Gao Y, Zheng S, Li G, Wu D, Shen Y. Simultaneous Determination of Propylene Glycol, Glycerol and Lactic Acid in Rat Plasma and Serum by Gas Chromatography–mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Quantification of clitidine in caps and stems of poisonous mushroom Paralepistopsis acromelalga by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-019-00470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hasegawa K, Wurita A, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Minakata K, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. Fatal zolpidem poisoning due to its intravenous self-injection: Postmortem distribution/redistribution of zolpidem and its predominant metabolite zolpidem phenyl-4-carboxylic acid in body fluids and solid tissues in an autopsy case. Forensic Sci Int 2018; 290:111-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Robson J, Townsend S, Bowdler P, Honeychurch KC. Direct thermal desorption gas chromatographic determination of toxicologically relevant concentrations of ethylene glycol in whole blood. Analyst 2018; 143:963-969. [PMID: 29369312 DOI: 10.1039/c7an02095c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid method involving thermal desorption gas chromatography (TD-GC) with flame ionisation detection has been successfully developed for the determination of ethylene glycol in whole blood. No sample extraction or derivatization steps were required. The conditions required for the direct determination of ethylene glycol in whole blood were optimised and require only the addition of the internal standard, 1,2-butanediol, to the sample. A 1 μL aliquot of the sample was then introduced to the thermal desorption unit, dried, and thermally desorbed directly to the gas chromatograph. A calibration curve was constructed over the concentration range of 1.0 to 200 mM and was found to be linear over the range investigated with an R2 value of 0.9997. The theoretical limit of detection based on 3σ was calculated to be 50.2 μM (3.11 mg L-1). No issues with carryover were recorded. No interferences were recorded from endogenous blood components or a number of commonly occurring alcohols. The proposed method was evaluated by carrying out replicate ethylene glycol determinations on fortified whole blood samples at the levels of 12.5 mM, 20.0 mM, 31.2 mM, 100 mM and 200 mM comparable to commonly reported blood levels in intoxications. Mean recoveries of between 84.8% and 107% were obtained with coefficients of variation of between 1.7% and 5.8%. These data suggest that the method holds promise for applications in toxicology, where a rapid, reliable method to confirm ethylene glycol poisoning is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Robson
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
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Mizuno S, Lee XP, Fujishiro M, Matsuyama T, Yamada M, Sakamoto Y, Kusano M, Zaitsu K, Hasegawa C, Hasegawa I, Kumazawa T, Ishii A, Sato K. High-throughput determination of valproate in human samples by modified QuEChERS extraction and GC-MS/MS. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2018; 31:66-73. [PMID: 29413992 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new high-throughput method was developed for analysis of valproate in human plasma samples by QuEChERS extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Plasma samples (0.2 ml) spiked with valproate and secobarbital-d5 (internal standard) were diluted with 1.3 ml of distilled water. Acetonitrile (1 ml) was added followed by 0.4 g MgSO4 and 0.1 g NaOAC. After a centrifugation step (2000 g for 10 min), 1 ml of the supernatant was transferred to a dispersive-solid phase extraction (dSPE) tube containing 150 mg MgSO4 and 50 mg C18. This mixture was vortexed and centrifuged at 3000 g for 5 min, and then the upper layer was evaporated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen. The residue was dissolved in 40 μl ethyl acetate, and a 1-μl aliquot was injected into the GC-MS/MS. The GC separation of the compounds was achieved on a fused-silica capillary column Rxi-5Sil MS (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d.; 0.25-µm film thickness) and detected by MS/MS operating in electron ionization ion source mode. The regression equations showed excellent linearity (r > 0.9997) from 50 to 5000 ng/ml for plasma, with limit of detection of 10 ng/ml. The extraction efficiency of valproate for plasma ranged between 71.2%-103.5%. The coefficient of variation was <18.5%. The method was successfully applied to actual analyses of an autopsy case. This method can be useful for simple and reliable measurements of valproate in clinical and toxicological analyses; it can be integrated in screening and simultaneous determination methods for multiple drugs and poisons in the further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Mizuno
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Xiao-Pen Lee
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
| | - Masaya Fujishiro
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Takaaki Matsuyama
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Miho Yamada
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | | | - Maiko Kusano
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kei Zaitsu
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chika Hasegawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; Department of Legal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
| | - Iwao Hasegawa
- University Center of Legal Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kumazawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan; Seirei Christopher University School of Nursing, Shizuoka 433-8558, Japan
| | - Akira Ishii
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Nagoya University, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keizo Sato
- Department of Legal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Determination of antifreeze substances in the airport runoff waters by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wurita A, Hasegawa K, Minakata K, Gonmori K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Suzuki O, Watanabe K. Identification and quantification of metabolites of AB-CHMINACA in a urine specimen of an abuser. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2016; 19:113-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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13
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Hasegawa K, Wurita A, Minakata K, Gonmori K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. Postmortem distribution of flunitrazepam and its metabolite 7-aminoflunitrazepam in body fluids and solid tissues in an autopsy case: Usefulness of bile for their detection. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2015; 17:394-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hasegawa K, Wurita A, Minakata K, Gonmori K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. Postmortem distribution of MAB-CHMINACA in body fluids and solid tissues of a human cadaver. Forensic Toxicol 2015; 33:380-387. [PMID: 26257834 PMCID: PMC4525191 DOI: 10.1007/s11419-015-0272-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
During the latter part of 2014, we experienced an autopsy case in which 5-fluoro-ADB, one of the most dangerous synthetic cannabinoids, was identified and quantitated in solid tissues and in three herbal blend products [Forensic Toxicol (2015) 33:112-121]. At that time, although we suspected that there may be some drug(s) other than 5-fluoro-ADB in the herbal products, all trials to find it/them were unsuccessful. Subsequently, we carefully re-examined the presence of other synthetic cannabinoid(s) in the above herbal blend products using accurate mass spectrometry and found two new compounds, 5-fluoro-ADB-PINACA and MAB-CHMINACA (Forensic Toxicol. doi: 10.1007/s 11419-015-0264-y). In the present communication, we report the distribution of MAB-CHMINACA in body fluids and solid tissue specimens collected from the same deceased individual (kept frozen at -80 °C) as described above for demonstration of 5-fluoro-ADB. Unexpectedly, unchanged MAB-CHMINACA could be identified and quantitated in whole blood and in pericardial fluid specimens, but it was below the detection limit (0.1 ng/ml) in the urine specimen. A higher concentration of MAB-CHMINACA could be found in all of the nine solid tissues; the highest concentration of MAB-CHMINACA was found in the liver (156 ng/g), followed by the kidney, pancreas and so on. The compounds were detected in all nine solid tissues; their levels were generally higher than those in the whole blood and pericardial fluid. Contrary to expectations, the concentration of MAB-CHMINACA in the adipose tissue was relatively low. Our results show that the victim smoked one of the three herbal blend products containing both MAB-CHMINACA and 5-fluoro-ADB, resulting in the coexistence of both compounds. It should be concluded that 5-fluoro-ADB and MAB-CHMINACA synergically exerted their toxicities, leading to death after a short interval. The differences in the distribution of 5-fluoro-ADB and MAB-CHMINACA among the cadaver specimens were also discussed in view of the structures of both compounds. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate MAB-CHMINACA in biological/human specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koutaro Hasegawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Amin Wurita
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Kayoko Minakata
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Kunio Gonmori
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Hideki Nozawa
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Itaru Yamagishi
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Kanako Watanabe
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Osamu Suzuki
- Department of Legal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
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Wurita A, Hasegawa K, Minakata K, Gonmori K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. Identification and quantitation of 5-fluoro-ADB-PINACA and MAB-CHMINACA in dubious herbal products. Forensic Toxicol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-015-0264-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hasegawa K, Wurita A, Minakata K, Gonmori K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. Postmortem distribution of PV9, a new cathinone derivative, in human solid tissues in a fatal poisoning case. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0262-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Identification and quantitation of 5-fluoro-ADB, one of the most dangerous synthetic cannabinoids, in the stomach contents and solid tissues of a human cadaver and in some herbal products. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hasegawa K, Wurita A, Minakata K, Gonmori K, Nozawa H, Yamagishi I, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. Postmortem distribution of AB-CHMINACA, 5-fluoro-AMB, and diphenidine in body fluids and solid tissues in a fatal poisoning case: usefulness of adipose tissue for detection of the drugs in unchanged forms. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0245-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wurita A, Hasegawa K, Minakata K, Watanabe K, Suzuki O. A large amount of new designer drug diphenidine coexisting with a synthetic cannabinoid 5-fluoro-AB-PINACA found in a dubious herbal product. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0240-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Identification and quantitation of a new cathinone designer drug PV9 in an “aroma liquid” product, antemortem whole blood and urine specimens, and a postmortem whole blood specimen in a fatal poisoning case. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Postmortem distribution of α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone and its metabolite in body fluids and solid tissues in a fatal poisoning case measured by LC–MS–MS with the standard addition method. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0227-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Postmortem distribution of α-pyrrolidinobutiophenone in body fluids and solid tissues of a human cadaver. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2014; 16:241-6. [PMID: 24889409 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We experienced an autopsy case of a 21-year-old male Caucasian, in which the direct cause of his death was judged as subarachnoid hemorrhage. There was cerebral arteriovenous malformation, which seemed related to the subarachnoid hemorrhage. The postmortem interval was estimated to be about 2days. By our drug screening test using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we could identify α-pyrrolidinobutiophenone (α-PBP) in his urine specimen, which led us to investigate the postmortem distribution of α-PBP in this deceased. The specimens dealt with were right heart blood, left heart blood, femoral vein blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, stomach contents and five solid tissues. The extraction of α-PBP and α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (α-PVP, internal standard) was performed by a modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method, followed by the analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Because this study included various kinds of human matrices, we used the standard addition method to overcome the matrix effects. The highest concentration was found in urine, followed by stomach contents, the kidney, lung, spleen, pancreas and liver. The blood concentrations were about halves of those of the solid tissues. The high concentrations of α-PBP in urine and the kidney suggest that the drug tends to be rapidly excreted into urine via the kidney after its absorption into the blood stream. The urine specimen is of the best choice for analysis. This is the first report describing the postmortem distribution of α-PBP in a human to our knowledge.
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dos Santos MF, Ferri CC, Seulin SC, Leyton V, Pasqualucci CAG, Muñoz DR, Yonamine M. Determination of antidepressants in whole blood using hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wurita A, Suzuki O, Hasegawa K, Gonmori K, Minakata K, Yamagishi I, Nozawa H, Watanabe K. Occurrence of postmortem production of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol in human specimens. Forensic Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-013-0210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Presence of appreciable amounts of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and diethylene glycol in human urine of healthy subjects. Forensic Toxicol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-013-0206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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