1
|
Zhou Y, Liu S, Liang Z, Wu H, Wang L, Wang W, Zhao B, Cong Z, Lu G, Gao C. Terpolymer Containing a meta-Octyloxy-phenyl-Modified Dithieno[3,2- f:2',3'- h]quinoxaline Unit Enabling Efficient Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14026-14037. [PMID: 38447136 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of small-molecule electron acceptors, polymer electron donors are becoming more important than ever in organic photovoltaics, and there is still room for the currently available high-performance polymer donors. To further develop polymer donors with finely tunable structures to achieve better photovoltaic performances, random ternary copolymerization is a useful technique. Herein, by incorporating a new electron-withdrawing segment 2,3-bis(3-octyloxyphenyl)dithieno[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline derivative (C12T-TQ) to PM6, a series of terpolymers were synthesized. It is worth noting that the introduction of the C12T-TQ unit can deepen the highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels of the resultant polymers. In addition, the polymer Z6 with a 10% C12T-TQ ratio possesses the highest film absorption coefficient (9.86 × 104 cm-1) among the four polymers. When blended with Y6, it exhibited superior miscibility and mutual crystallinity enhancement between Z6 and Y6, suppressed recombination, better exciton separation and charge collection characteristics, and faster hole transfer in the D-A interface. Consequently, the device of Z6:Y6 successfully achieved enhanced photovoltaic parameters and yielded an efficiency of 17.01%, higher than the 16.18% of the PM6:Y6 device, demonstrating the effectiveness of the meta-octyloxy-phenyl-modified dithieno[3,2-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline moiety to build promising terpolymer donors for high-performance organic solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Zhou
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P. R. China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P. R. China
| | - Zezhou Liang
- Key Laboratory of Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education and Shaanxi Key Lab of Photonic Technique for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China
| | - Haimei Wu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P. R. China
| | - Liuchang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University, No. 168 of South Taibai Road, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P. R. China
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Cong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P. R. China
| | - Guanghao Lu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, P. R. China
| | - Chao Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal and Organic Photovoltaic Materials, State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fang Y, Deng X, Lu J, Huang B, Chen S, Liu K, Zhang J, Jeong S, Yang C, Liu J. Constructing High-Performance Ternary Device Using Analogous Polymer Donors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304996. [PMID: 37635097 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Both ternary copolymerization and ternary blending are effective methods to fine-tune polymer structure and manipulate thin-film morphology to improve device performance. In this work, three D-A-A-A (D: donor, A: acceptor) terpolymer donors (FY1, FY2, and FY3) are synthesized by introducing BDD (1,3-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-5,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione) units into the D-A alternating copolymer PM6 backbone. Owing to the promoted conjugated planarity and excellent absorption of BDD, the obtained terpolymers display an extended absorption range and enhanced π-π stacking orientation, which is a promising third component in ternary device. As a result, the optimal FY1:PM6:BTP-eC9-based ternary device afforded an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) as high as 18.52%, owing to the efficient charge transport, negligible energy loss, and suitable domain size. The result provides an efficient method to obtain high-performance polymer solar cells by using analogous polymer donors in ternary device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Xiangmeng Deng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Jiayong Lu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Bin Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of New Energy, School of Energy & Power Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials & Devices Joint Laboratory, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Kunming Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| | - Seonghun Jeong
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Jinbiao Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Liu Q, Sun Q, Li H, Shen J, Liu H, Chen W, Zhang Y, Chen Y. Metalloporphyrin-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Ultrasensitive Chemiresistive Detection of NO 2: Effect of the Central Metal on Tuning the Sensing Performance. ACS Sens 2023; 8:4353-4363. [PMID: 37899610 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The highly sensitive and selective detection of trace hazardous gases at room temperature is very promising for health protection and environmental safety. Herein, chemiresistive sensors for NO2 were fabricated based on self-assembled films of the four metalloporphyrin (MPor)-based metal-organic frameworks PCN-222-M (M = Cu, Ni, Co, Fe) by the quasi-Langmuir-Shäfer method. It is found that the relative responses of the four PCN-222-M films are linearly related to the NO2 concentration, and the PCN-222-Cu possessed an unprecedented high response to NO2 with a sensitivity of 2209% ppm-1 in the 4-20 ppb range and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.93 ppb, achieving the best performance reported so far for NO2 detection at room temperature. Meanwhile, PCN-222-Ni showed the fastest recovery among the four PCN-222-M films, which can be used for the rapid detection of NO2. Excellent reproducibility, stability, selectivity, and moisture resistance are shown for both PCN-222-Cu and PCN-222-Ni. Combining the experimental study and density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the essential roles of MPor units and the MPor/Zr6 cluster hybrid material in tuning the Fermi level and the electron transfer between PCN-222-M and NO2 were further proved. These were less considered topics in previous studies on MOFs. This work explores the application of MPor-based MOFs in gas sensing by selecting appropriate MPor units, thus providing guidance for the development of MOF-based chemiresistive sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Qiqi Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Hao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jingshun Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Wenmiao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
- Department of Science, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Education City, P.O. Box, Doha 23874, Qatar
| | - Yuexing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bin H, Li J, Caiazzo A, Wienk MM, Li Y, Janssen RAJ. Preparation of Efficient Organic Solar Cells Based on Terpolymer Donors via a Monomer-Ratio Insensitive Side-Chain Hybridization Strategy. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300006. [PMID: 36601966 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Creating new donor materials is crucial for further advancing organic solar cells. Random terpolymers have been adopted to overcome shortcomings of regular alternating donor-acceptor (D-A) polymers of which the performance is often susceptible to batch-to-batch variations. In general, the properties and performance of efficient D1 -A-D2 -A and D-A1 -D-A2 terpolymers are sensitive to the D1 /D2 or A1 /A2 monomer ratios. Side-chain hybridization is a strategy to address this problem. Here, six D1 -A-D2 -A-type random terpolymers comprising D1 and D2 monomers with the same π-conjugated D unit but with different side chains were synthesized. The side chains, containing either fluorine or trialkylsilyl substituents were chosen to provide near-identical optoelectronic properties but provide a tool to create a better-optimized film morphology when blended with a non-fullerene acceptor. This strategy allows improving the device performance to over 18 %, higher than that obtained with the corresponding D1 -A or D2 -A bipolymers (around 17 %). Hence, side-chain hybridization is a promising strategy to design efficient D1 -A-D2 -A terpolymer donors that are insensitive to the D1 /D2 monomer ratio, which is beneficial for the scaled-up synthesis of high-performance materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Bin
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R China
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB (The, Netherlands
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Junyu Li
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB (The, Netherlands
| | - Alessandro Caiazzo
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB (The, Netherlands
| | - Martijn M Wienk
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB (The, Netherlands
| | - Yongfang Li
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems & Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB (The, Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, 5612 AJ (The, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou L, Meng L, Zhang J, Qin S, Zhang J, Li X, Li J, Wei Z, Li Y. Terpolymer Donor with Inside Alkyl Substituents on Thiophene π-Bridges toward Thiazolothiazole A 2 -Unit Enables 18.21% Efficiency of Polymer Solar Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203513. [PMID: 36316244 PMCID: PMC9731682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
PM6 is a widely used D-A copolymer donor in the polymer solar cells (PSCs). Incorporating second electron-withdrawing (A2 ) units into PM6 backbone by ternary D-A1 -D-A2 random copolymerization strategy is an effective approach to further improve its photovoltaic performance. Here, the authors synthesize the PM6-based terpolymers by introducing thiazolothiazole as the A2 units connecting with thiophene π-bridges attaching alkyl substituent towards the A2 unit (PMT-CT) or towards D-unit (PMT-FT), and study the effect of the alkyl substituent position on the photovoltaic performance of them. Two terpolymers PMT-FT-10 and PMT-CT-10 are obtained by incorporating 10% A2 units in the terpolymers. The film of PMT-CT-10 shows slightly up-shifted highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels while better co-planar structure than that of PMT-FT-10. Meanwhile, the PMT-CT-10:Y6 blend film exhibits better molecular packing properties, more proper phase separation and more balanced hole and electron mobilities, which are beneficial to more efficient exciton dissociation, efficient charge transport and weaker bimolecular recombination. Consequently, the PMT-CT-10 based PSCs obtain the highest power conversion efficiency of 18.21%. The results indicate that side chain position on the thiophene π-bridges influence the device performance of the terpolymer donors, and PMT-CT-10 is a high efficiency polymer donor for the PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Chemical ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Chemical ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Shucheng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Chemical ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Chemical ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
- School of Chemical ScienceUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu K, Song W, Ge J, Zheng K, Xie L, Chen Z, Qiu Y, Hong L, Liu C, Ge Z. 18.01% Efficiency organic solar cell and 2.53% light utilization efficiency semitransparent organic solar cell enabled by optimizing PM6:Y6 active layer morphology. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
7
|
Zhou L, Meng L, Zhang J, Qin S, Guo J, Li X, Xia X, Lu X, Li Y. Effect of Isomerization of Linking Units on the Photovoltaic Performance of PSMA-Type Polymer Acceptors in All-Polymer Solar Cells. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuyang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shucheng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Novel Semiconductor-Optoelectronics Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zeng Q, Wei Q, Luo J, Qian Y, Yang M, Zou Y, Lu L. Novel photoelectrochemical immunosensor for MCF-7 cell detection based on n-p organic semiconductor heterojunction. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.12.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
9
|
Liu H, Hussain S, Lee J, Vikraman D, Kang J. Ultrasonically Processed WSe 2 Nanosheets Blended Bulk Heterojunction Active Layer for High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells and X-ray Detectors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3206. [PMID: 34200810 PMCID: PMC8230459 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) tungsten diselenide (WSe2) has attracted considerable attention in the field of photovoltaic devices owing to its excellent structure and photoelectric properties, such as ordered 2D network structure, high electrical conductivity, and high mobility. For this test, we firstly prepared different sizes (NS1-NS3) of WSe2 nanosheets (NSs) through the ultrasonication method and characterized their structures using the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. Moreover, we investigated the photovoltaic performance of polymer solar cells based on 5,7-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione(PBDB-T):(6,6)-phenyl-C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) with different WSe2 NSs as the active layer. The fabricated PBDB-T:PCBM active layer with the addition of NS2 WSe2 NSs (1.5 wt%) exhibited an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.2%, which is higher than the pure and NS1 and NS3 WSe2 blended active layer-encompassing devices. The improved PCE is attributed to the synergic enhancement of exciton dissociation and an improvement in the charge mobility through the modified active layer for polymer solar cells. Furthermore, the highest sensitivity of 2.97 mA/Gy·cm2 was achieved for the NS2 WSe2 NSs blended active layer detected by X-ray exposure over the pure polymer, and with the NS1 and NS2 WSe2 blended active layer. These results led to the use of transition metal dichalcogenide materials in polymer solar cells and X-ray detectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Liu
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Institute of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Jehoon Lee
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Dhanasekaran Vikraman
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea
| | - Jungwon Kang
- Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhu C, Meng L, Zhang J, Qin S, Lai W, Qiu B, Yuan J, Wan Y, Huang W, Li Y. A Quinoxaline-Based D-A Copolymer Donor Achieving 17.62% Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2100474. [PMID: 33914352 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202100474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Side-chain engineering has been an effective strategy in tuning electronic energy levels, intermolecular interaction, and aggregation morphology of organic photovoltaic materials, which is very important for improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, two D-A copolymers, PBQ5 and PBQ6, are designed and synthesized based on bithienyl-benzodithiophene (BDTT) as the donor (D) unit, difluoroquinoxaline (DFQ) with different side chains as the acceptor (A) unit, and thiophene as the π-bridges. PBQ6 with two alkyl-substituted fluorothiophene side chains on the DFQ units possesses redshifted absorption, stronger intermolecular interaction, and higher hole mobility than PBQ5 with two alkyl side chains on the DFQ units. The blend film of the PBQ6 donor with the Y6 acceptor shows higher and balanced hole/electron mobilities, less charge carrier recombination, and more favorable aggregation morphology. Therefore, the OSC based on PBQ6:Y6 achieves a PCE as high as 17.62% with a high fill factor of 77.91%, which is significantly higher than the PCE (15.55%) of the PBQ5:Y6-based OSC. The PCE of 17.62% is by far one of the highest efficiencies for the binary OSCs with polymer donor and Y6 acceptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinyuan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shucheng Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenbin Lai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Beibei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province, College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wenchao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528216, China
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu Y, Ji Q, Yin L, Zhang N, Liu T, Li N, He X, Wen G, Zhang W, Yu L, Murto P, Xu X. Synergistic Engineering of Substituents and Backbones on Donor Polymers: Toward Terpolymer Design of High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:23993-24004. [PMID: 33974390 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c03794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Design of terpolymers via copolymerization has emerged as a potential strategy for expanding the family of high-performing donor polymers and boosting the photovoltaic performance of non-fullerene polymer solar cells (PSCs). Herein, double-ester-substituted thiophenes and thienothiophenes are incorporated as third building blocks into the donor polymer PBDB-TF, developing two groups of terpolymers with donor-acceptor 1-donor-acceptor 2 (D-A1-D-A2)-type backbones. An optimum 10% concentration of double-ester-substituted thiophene units in PBDB-TF-T10 downshifts the molecular energy and increases the dielectric constant, and delivers proper miscibility and nanostructure in blends with the high-performing acceptor Y6. These characteristics are designed to synergistically enhance the photovoltage, photocurrent, and efficiency of PSCs. The resulting power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.4% surpasses the conventional PBDB-TF/Y6 PSCs, and it is among the best-performing PSCs based on PBDB-TF-derived terpolymers. Gratifyingly, PBDB-TF-T10 does not show significant batch-to-batch variation and it retains high PCEs above 16% in a broad range of molecular weights. This work introduces a facile strategy to easily synthesize terpolymers in combination with Y6 for the attainment of high-performing and reproducible non-fullerene PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qing Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Luqi Yin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tong Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiaochuan He
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Guanzhao Wen
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liyang Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Petri Murto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Xiaofeng Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Non-equivalent D-A copolymerization strategy towards highly efficient polymer donor for polymer solar cells. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-9988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
13
|
Li X, Lu H, Zhu W. Recent Advances in Y6-Based Semiconductors: Performance in Solar Cells, Crystallography, and Electronic Structure. Chempluschem 2021; 86:700-708. [PMID: 33755353 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The advent of crescent-shaped Y6 and its derivatives have recently enabled exceptionally high solar cell performance metrics, for structural, physical, and transport characteristics that remain poorly understood. Here we summarize recent progress on crystallography, electronic structure, and device performance of this kind of non-fullerene acceptors. First, we discuss molecular engineering and the crystal structure of Y6 and its derivatives. Second, we present theoretical modeling of the molecular orbitals, reorganization energy, and electronic couplings. Third, we summarize single carrier diode and solar cell performance, and discuss the correlations between crystal structure and computational insights. Finally, we discuss unsolved problems and future developments in this field. Overall, this Minireview summarizes crystal structure, computational understanding, and device metrics, thus providing an outlook for future organic semiconductors design and mechanistic studies in fundamental research and industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences (TJ-MOS), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Multi-spectral Absorbing Materials and Structures, (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Ministry of Education, UESTC, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Haipeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Multi-spectral Absorbing Materials and Structures, (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Ministry of Education, UESTC, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| | - Weigang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences (TJ-MOS), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Multi-spectral Absorbing Materials and Structures, (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China), Ministry of Education, UESTC, Chengdu, 611731, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Liang J, Pan M, Chai G, Peng Z, Zhang J, Luo S, Han Q, Chen Y, Shang A, Bai F, Xu Y, Yu H, Lai JYL, Chen Q, Zhang M, Ade H, Yan H. Random Polymerization Strategy Leads to a Family of Donor Polymers Enabling Well-Controlled Morphology and Multiple Cases of High-Performance Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003500. [PMID: 33185952 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Developing high-performance donor polymers is important for nonfullerene organic solar cells (NF-OSCs), as state-of-the-art nonfullerene acceptors can only perform well if they are coupled with a matching donor with suitable energy levels. However, there are very limited choices of donor polymers for NF-OSCs, and the most commonly used ones are polymers named PM6 and PM7, which suffer from several problems. First, the performance of these polymers (particularly PM7) relies on precise control of their molecular weights. Also, their optimal morphology is extremely sensitive to any structural modification. In this work, a family of donor polymers is developed based on a random polymerization strategy. These polymers can achieve well-controlled morphology and high-performance with a variety of chemical structures and molecular weights. The polymer donors are D-A1-D-A2-type random copolymers in which the D and A1 units are monomers originating from PM6 or PM7, while the A2 unit comprises an electron-deficient core flanked by two thiophene rings with branched alkyl chains. Consequently, multiple cases of highly efficient NF-OSCs are achieved with efficiencies between 16.0% and 17.1%. As the electron-deficient cores can be changed to many other structural units, the strategy can easily expand the choices of high-performance donor polymers for NF-OSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaen Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Mingao Pan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Gaoda Chai
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Zhengxing Peng
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Siwei Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Qi Han
- eFlexPV Limited, Jinxiu Science Park, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yuzhong Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Ao Shang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Fujin Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- HKUST Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, SAR, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Han Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Joshua Yuk Lin Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Qing Chen
- HKUST Energy Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, SAR, Kowloon, 999077, China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Laboratories (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 999077, China
- eFlexPV Limited, Jinxiu Science Park, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9, Yuexing 1st RD, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|