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Higashida H, Oshima Y, Yamamoto Y. Oxytocin transported from the blood across the blood-brain barrier by receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) affects brain function related to social behavior. Peptides 2024; 178:171230. [PMID: 38677620 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide that primarily functions as a hormone controlling female reproductive processes. Since numerous recent studies have shown that single and repetitive administrations of OT increase trust, social interaction, and maternal behaviors in humans and animals, OT is considered a key molecule that regulates social memory and behavior. Furthermore, OT binds to receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), and it has been demonstrated that loss of RAGE in the brain vascular endothelial cells of mice fails to increase brain OT concentrations following peripheral OT administration. This leads to the hypothesis that RAGE is involved in the direct transport of OT, allowing it access to the brain by transporting it across the blood-brain barrier; however, this hypothesis is only based on limited evidence. Herein, we review the recent results related to this hypothesis, such as the mode of transport of OT in the blood circulation to the brain via different forms of RAGE, including membrane-bound full-length RAGE and soluble RAGE. We further review the modulation of brain function and social behavior, which seem to be mediated by RAGE-dependent OT. Overall, this review mostly confirms that RAGE enables the recruitment of circulating OT to the brain, thereby influencing social behavior. The requirement for further studies considering the physiological aspects of RAGE is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiro Higashida
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Yu Oshima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yamamoto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Vascular Biology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
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2
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Deisl C, Moe OW, Hilgemann DW. Constitutive Plasma Membrane Turnover in T-REx293 cells via Ordered Membrane Domain Endocytosis under Mitochondrial Control. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.17.576124. [PMID: 38293164 PMCID: PMC10827192 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.576124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Clathrin/dynamin-independent endocytosis of ordered plasma membrane domains (ordered membrane domain endocytosis, OMDE) can become massive in response to cytoplasmic Ca elevations, G protein activation by non-hydrolyzable GTP analogs, and enhanced oxidative metabolism. In patch-clamped murine bone marrow macrophages (BMMs), cytoplasmic succinate and pyruvate, but not β-hydroxybutyrate, induce OMDE of 75% of the plasma membrane within 2 min. The responses require palmitoylation of membrane proteins, being decreased by 70% in BMMs lacking the acyltransferase, DHHC5, by treatment with carnitine to shift long-chain acyl groups from cytoplasmic to mitochondrial acyl-CoAs, by bromopalmitate/albumin complexes to block DHHCs, and by the mitochondria-specific cyclosporin, NIM811, to block permeability transition pores that may release mitochondrial coenzyme A into the cytoplasm. Using T-REx293 cells, OMDE amounts to 40% with succinate, pyruvate, or GTPγS, and it is inhibited by actin cytoskeleton disruption. Pyruvate-induced OMDE is blocked by the hydrophobic antioxidant, edaravone, which prevents permeability transition pore openings. Using fluorescent 3kD dextrans to monitor endocytosis, OMDE appears to be constitutively active in T-REx293 cells but not in BMMs. After 1 h without substrates or bicarbonate, pyruvate and hydroxybutyrate inhibit constitutive OMDE, as expected for a shift of CoA from long-chain acyl-CoAs to other CoA metabolites. In the presence of bicarbonate, pyruvate strongly enhances OMDE, which is then blocked by β-hydroxybutyrate, bromopalmitate/albumin complexes, cyclosporines, or edaravone. After pyruvate responses, T-REx293 cells grow normally with no evidence for apoptosis. Fatty acid-free albumin (15 μM) inhibits basal OMDE in T-REx293 cells, as do cyclosporines, carnitine, and RhoA blockade. Surprisingly, OMDE in the absence of substrates and bicarbonate is not inhibited by siRNA knockdown of the acyltransferases, DHHC5 or DHHC2, which are required for activated OMDE in patch clamp experiments. We verify biochemically that small CoA metabolites decrease long-chain acyl-CoAs. We verify also that palmitoylations of many PM-associated proteins decrease and increase when OMDE is inhibited and stimulated, respectively, by different metabolites. STED microscopy reveals that vesicles formed during constitutive OMDE in T-REX293 cells have 90 to 130 nm diameters. In summary, OMDE is likely a major G-protein-dependent endocytic mechanism that can be constitutively active in some cell types, albeit not BMMs. OMDE depends on different DHHC acyltransferases in different circumstances and can be limited by local supplies of fatty acids, CoA, and long-chain acyl-CoAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Deisl
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Orson W Moe
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Donald W Hilgemann
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Milesi C, Alberici P, Pozzi B, Oldani A, Beznoussenko GV, Raimondi A, Soppo BE, Amodio S, Caldieri G, Malabarba MG, Bertalot G, Confalonieri S, Parazzoli D, Mironov AA, Tacchetti C, Di Fiore PP, Sigismund S, Offenhäuser N. Redundant and nonredundant organismal functions of EPS15 and EPS15L1. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/1/e201800273. [PMID: 30692166 PMCID: PMC6350104 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study unveils a redundant function for the endocytic proteins Eps15 and Eps15L1 in mouse embryo development and erythropoiesis, and a unique nonredundant role for Eps15L1 in the nervous system. EPS15 and its homologous EPS15L1 are endocytic accessory proteins. Studies in mammalian cell lines suggested that EPS15 and EPS15L1 regulate endocytosis in a redundant manner. However, at the organismal level, it is not known to which extent the functions of the two proteins overlap. Here, by exploiting various constitutive and conditional null mice, we report redundant and nonredundant functions of the two proteins. EPS15L1 displays a unique nonredundant role in the nervous system, whereas both proteins are fundamental during embryo development as shown by the embryonic lethality of -Eps15/Eps15L1-double KO mice. At the cellular level, the major process redundantly regulated by EPS15 and EPS15L1 is the endocytosis of the transferrin receptor, a pathway that sustains the development of red blood cells and controls iron homeostasis. Consequently, hematopoietic-specific conditional Eps15/Eps15L1-double KO mice display traits of microcytic hypochromic anemia, due to a cell-autonomous defect in iron internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Milesi
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Alberici
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Pozzi
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Amanda Oldani
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,Cogentech Società Benefit Srl, Milan, Italy
| | - Galina V Beznoussenko
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Raimondi
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Blanche Ekalle Soppo
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Amodio
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Giusi Caldieri
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Malabarba
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Confalonieri
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Parazzoli
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,Cogentech Società Benefit Srl, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander A Mironov
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Tacchetti
- Experimental Imaging Centre, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy.,IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Sigismund
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy .,IEO, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS (Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Emato-oncologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Nina Offenhäuser
- IFOM, Fondazione Istituto FIRC (Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro) di Oncologia Molecolare, Milan, Italy .,Cogentech Società Benefit Srl, Milan, Italy
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Gormal R, Valmas N, Fath T, Meunier F. A role for tropomyosins in activity-dependent bulk endocytosis? Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 84:112-118. [PMID: 28545680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bulk endocytosis allows stimulated neurons to take up a large portion of the presynaptic plasma membrane in order to regenerate synaptic vesicle pools. Actin, one of the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic cells, plays an important role in this process, but a detailed mechanistic understanding of the involvement of the cortical actin network is still lacking, in part due to the relatively small size of nerve terminals and the limitation of optical microscopy. We recently discovered that neurosecretory cells display a similar, albeit much larger, form of bulk endocytosis in response to secretagogue stimulation. This allowed us to identify a novel highly dynamic role for the acto-myosin II cortex in generating constricting rings that precede the fission of nascent bulk endosomes. In this review we focus on the mechanism underpinning this dramatic switch in the organization and function of the cortical actin network. We provide additional experimental data that suggest a role of tropomyosin Tpm3.1 and Tpm4.2 in this process, together with an emerging model of how actin controls bulk endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Gormal
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Nicholas Valmas
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas Fath
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Frederic Meunier
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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