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Zhu Y, Li Q. Multifaceted roles of PDCD6 both within and outside the cell. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31235. [PMID: 38436472 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 6 (PDCD6) is an evolutionarily conserved Ca2+-binding protein. PDCD6 is involved in regulating multifaceted and pleiotropic cellular processes in different cellular compartments. For instance, nuclear PDCD6 regulates apoptosis and alternative splicing. PDCD6 is required for coat protein complex II-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi apparatus vesicular transport in the cytoplasm. Recent advances suggest that cytoplasmic PDCD6 is involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and innate immune responses. Additionally, membranous PDCD6 participates in membrane repair through endosomal sorting complex required for transport complex-dependent membrane budding. Interestingly, extracellular vesicles are rich in PDCD6. Moreover, abnormal expression of PDCD6 is closely associated with many diseases, especially cancer. PDCD6 is therefore a multifaceted but pivotal protein in vivo. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of PDCD6 functions and to focus and stimulate PDCD6 research, this review summarizes key developments in its role in different subcellular compartments, processes, and pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigao Zhu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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2
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Chen H, Su Y, Yang L, Xi L, Li X, Lan B, Liu M, Xuan C. CBX8 promotes lung adenocarcinoma growth and metastasis through transcriptional repression of CDKN2C and SCEL. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2710-2723. [PMID: 37733753 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of polycomb group (PcG) proteins that mediate epigenetic gene silencing contributes to tumorigenesis. As core components of the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), chromobox (CBX) proteins recognize H3K27me3 to recruit PRC1 to maintain a repressive transcriptional state. However, the individual biological functions of these CBX proteins in tumorigenesis warrant in-depth investigation. In this study, we analyzed the mRNA expression of CBX family genes across multiple cancers using The Cancer Genome Atlas data and found different expression patterns of the five CBX genes in different types of cancer. This analyses together with the result of immunohistochemistry indicated that CBX8 expression was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to adjacent nontumor tissues. Overexpression approaches demonstrated that CBX8 facilitated LUAD cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Consistently, CBX8 knockdown reduced LUAD cell proliferation and migration in both cell culture and mouse models. RNA sequencing combined with real-time RT-PCR assays revealed CDKN2C and SCEL as target genes of CBX8. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that CBX8 directly bound to the promoters of CDKN2C and SCEL to establish H2AK119ub. CBX8 depletion reduced the enrichment of H2AK119ub on CDKN2C and SCEL promoters. Moreover, depletion of CDKN2C and SCEL restored the repressed growth and invasion ability of LUAD cells caused by CBX8 knockdown. These findings demonstrate that CBX8 promotes LUAD growth and metastasis through the transcriptional repression of CDKN2C and SCEL. Our study uncovers the oncogenic role of CBX8 in LUAD progression and provides a new target for the diagnosis and therapy of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijie Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lishan Xi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuanyuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Liu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenghao Xuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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3
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Sferra A, Bertini E, Haase G. Editorial: Tubulinopathies: fundamental and clinical challenges. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1296958. [PMID: 37927444 PMCID: PMC10622744 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1296958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Sferra
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular Disorders, Translational Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Georg Haase
- MPATHY Laboratory, Institute of Systems Neuroscience, U1106 INSERM & Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Wu J, Qing H, Ouyang J, Zhou J, Gao Z, Mason CE, Liu Z, Shi T. HiFun: homology independent protein function prediction by a novel protein-language self-attention model. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad311. [PMID: 37649370 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein function prediction based on amino acid sequence alone is an extremely challenging but important task, especially in metagenomics/metatranscriptomics field, in which novel proteins have been uncovered exponentially from new microorganisms. Many of them are extremely low homology to known proteins and cannot be annotated with homology-based or information integrative methods. To overcome this problem, we proposed a Homology Independent protein Function annotation method (HiFun) based on a unified deep-learning model by reassembling the sequence as protein language. The robustness of HiFun was evaluated using the benchmark datasets and metrics in the CAFA3 challenge. To navigate the utility of HiFun, we annotated 2 212 663 unknown proteins and discovered novel motifs in the UHGP-50 catalog. We proved that HiFun can extract latent function related structure features which empowers it ability to achieve function annotation for non-homology proteins. HiFun can substantially improve newly proteins annotation and expand our understanding of microorganisms' adaptation in various ecological niches. Moreover, we provided a free and accessible webservice at http://www.unimd.org/HiFun, requiring only protein sequences as input, offering researchers an efficient and practical platform for predicting protein functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and The School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai , 200241, China
| | - Haipeng Qing
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and The School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai , 200241, China
| | - Jian Ouyang
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and The School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai , 200241, China
| | - Jiajia Zhou
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and The School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai , 200241, China
| | - Zihao Gao
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and The School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai , 200241, China
| | | | - Zhichao Liu
- Nonclinical Drug Safety, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Tieliu Shi
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and The School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai , 200241, China
- School of Statistics, Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOE, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center, for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University & Capital Medical University, Beijing 100083, China
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5
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Markitantova Y, Simirskii V. Endogenous and Exogenous Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells: An Updated Antioxidant Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10776. [PMID: 37445953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) performs a range of necessary functions within the neural layers of the retina and helps ensure vision. The regulation of pro-oxidative and antioxidant processes is the basis for maintaining RPE homeostasis and preventing retinal degenerative processes. Long-term stable changes in the redox balance under the influence of endogenous or exogenous factors can lead to oxidative stress (OS) and the development of a number of retinal pathologies associated with RPE dysfunction, and can eventually lead to vision loss. Reparative autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome utilization, the repair of damaged proteins, and the maintenance of their conformational structure are important interrelated mechanisms of the endogenous defense system that protects against oxidative damage. Antioxidant protection of RPE cells is realized as a result of the activity of specific transcription factors, a large group of enzymes, chaperone proteins, etc., which form many signaling pathways in the RPE and the retina. Here, we discuss the role of the key components of the antioxidant defense system (ADS) in the cellular response of the RPE against OS. Understanding the role and interactions of OS mediators and the components of the ADS contributes to the formation of ideas about the subtle mechanisms in the regulation of RPE cellular functions and prospects for experimental approaches to restore RPE functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Markitantova
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Simirskii
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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6
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Yang S, Luo Y, Yang M, Ni H, Yin H, Hu M, Liu M, Zhou J, Yang Y, Li D. Src inhibition induces mitotic arrest associated with chromosomal passenger complex. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 392:733-743. [PMID: 36988705 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src plays a key role in cell division, migration, adhesion, and survival. Src is overactivated in several cancers, where it transmits signals that promote cell survival, mitosis, and other important cancer hallmarks. Src is therefore a promising target in cancer therapy, but the underlying mechanisms are still uncertain. Here we show that Src is highly conserved across different species. Src expression increases during mitosis and is localized to the chromosomal passenger complex. Knockdown or inhibition of Src induces multipolar spindle formation, resulting in abnormal expression of the Aurora B and INCENP components of the chromosomal passenger complex. Molecular mechanism studies have found that Src interacts with and phosphorylates INCENP. This then leads to incorrect chromosome arrangement and segregation, resulting in cell division failure. Herein, Src and chromosomal passenger complex co-localize and Src inhibition impedes mitotic progression by inducing multipolar spindle formation. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular basis for using Src inhibitors to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Youguang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Mulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hanxiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Liu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology, Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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7
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Zhou P, Yang G, Xie W. Organization of cortical microtubules in differentiated cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1141-1147. [PMID: 36960617 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The microtubule cytoskeleton plays a critical role in a variety of cellular activities, and its structures and functions have been extensively studied. However, little is known about cell differentiation-related microtubule remodeling, its regulatory mechanisms, and its physiological functions. Recent studies have shown that microtubule-binding proteins as well as cell junctions, such as desmosomes and adherens junctions, are involved in the remodeling of microtubules in response to cell differentiation. In addition, the microtubule-organizing activity and structural integrity of centrosomes undergo dramatic changes during cell differentiation to promote microtubule remodeling. Here we summarize recent advances revealing the dynamic changes in microtubule organization and functions during cell differentiation. We also highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying microtubule modeling in differentiated cells, focusing on the key roles played by microtubule-binding proteins, cell junctions, and centrosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Guiwen Yang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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8
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He N, Liu M, Wu Y. Adipose tissue and hematopoiesis: Friend or foe? J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24872. [PMID: 36972475 PMCID: PMC10156104 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Hematopoietic stem cells are the origin of all hematopoietic cells. They have the self-renewal ability and can differentiate into various blood cells. In physiological state, most of the hematopoietic stem cells are dormant, and only a few cells proliferate to maintain hematopoietic homeostasis. METHODS This precise steady-state maintenance is regulated by complex mechanisms. Bone marrow adipocytes make up half of all cells in the bone marrow cavity, a feature that has attracted the attention of researchers from multiple fields. The adipocyte density within marrow increases during aging and obesity. RESULTS Recent studies have shown that bone marrow adipocytes play important roles in regulating hematopoiesis, but the effects of bone marrow adipocytes on hematopoiesis are often conflicting. Bone marrow adipocytes, participating in the formation of bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment, influence hematopoiesis positively or negatively. In addition, other adipose tissue, especially white adipose tissue, also regulates hematopoiesis. CONCLUSION In this review, we describe the role of adipose tissue in hematological malignancies, which may be useful for understanding hematopoiesis and the pathogenesis of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na He
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Cao Y, Zhang X, Hu M, Yang S, Li X, Han R, Zhou J, Li D, Liu D. CYLD inhibits osteoclastogenesis to ameliorate alveolar bone loss in mice with periodontitis. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1036-1045. [PMID: 36922748 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic immune inflammatory disease that can lead to the destruction and loss of the tooth-supporting apparatus. During this process, the balance between bone absorption mediated by osteoclasts and bone formation mediated by osteoblasts is damaged. Consistent with previous studies, we observed that depletion of cylindromatosis (CYLD) resulted in an osteoporotic bone phenotype. However, the effect of CYLD deficiency on periodontitis is undetermined. Here, we investigated whether CYLD affects periodontal tissue homeostasis in experimental periodontitis in Cyld knockout (KO) mice, and we explored the underlying mechanisms. Interestingly, we discovered significant alveolar bone density loss and severely reduced alveolar bone height in Cyld KO mice with experimentally induced periodontitis. We observed increased osteoclast number and activity in both the femurs and alveolar bones, accompanied by the downregulation of osteogenesis genes and upregulation of osteoclastogenesis genes of alveolar bones in ligatured Cyld KO mice. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the deletion of CYLD in mice plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of periodontal bone loss and suggest that CYLD might exert an ameliorative effect on periodontal inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cao
- Department of Endodontics and Laboratory of Stem Cells Endocrine Immunology, Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinming Zhang
- Department of Endodontics and Laboratory of Stem Cells Endocrine Immunology, Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Meilin Hu
- Department of Endodontics and Laboratory of Stem Cells Endocrine Immunology, Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Endodontics and Laboratory of Stem Cells Endocrine Immunology, Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruohui Han
- Department of Endodontics and Laboratory of Stem Cells Endocrine Immunology, Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dayong Liu
- Department of Endodontics and Laboratory of Stem Cells Endocrine Immunology, Tianjin Medical University School of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
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Yin H, Hu M, Li D. Regulation of epidermal stratification and development by basal keratinocytes. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:742-748. [PMID: 36815398 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium distributed in the outermost layer of the skin and is intimately involved in the formation of a physical barrier to pathogens. Basal keratinocytes possess the properties of stem cells and play an essential role in epidermal development and skin damage recovery. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of how basal keratinocytes participate in epidermal development and stratification is vital for preventing and treating skin lesions. During epidermal morphogenesis, the symmetric division of basal keratinocytes contributes to the extension of skin tissues, while their asymmetric division and migration facilitate epidermal stratification. In this review, we summarize the process of epidermal stratification and illustrate the molecular mechanisms underlying epidermal morphogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the coordination of multiple signaling pathways and transcription factors in epidermal stratification, together with the roles of cell polarity and cell dynamics during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingzheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Regulating miR-181/Bcl-2 Decreased Autophagy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium with Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:9554457. [PMID: 36644575 PMCID: PMC9836813 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9554457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Disturbed structure and dysfunction of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) lead to degenerative diseases of the retina. Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the RPE is thought to play an important role in RPE dysfunction and degeneration. Autophagy is a generally low-activity degradation process of cellular components that increases significantly when high levels of oxidative stress are present. Agents with antioxidant properties may decrease autophagy and provide protection against RPE dysfunction and damage caused by ROS. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) has been widely studied as an antioxidant and cell-protective agent. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the effects of LBP, which inhibits miR-181, on autophagy in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. In the current study, we found that the highly expressed miR-181 downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 in hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced ARPE-19 cells, resulting in an increase in ROS, apoptosis, and autophagy flux. LBP inhibited the expression of miR-181, decreased the levels of ROS, apoptosis, and autophagy flux, and increased cell viability in H2O2-induced ARPE-19 cells, suggesting that LBP provides protection against oxidative damage in ARPE-19 cells. We also found that LBP decreased RPE atrophy and autophagy flux in rd10 mice. Taken together, the results showed that LBP has a protective effect for RPE under oxidative stress by inhibiting miR-181 and affecting the Bcl-2/Beclin1 autophagy signaling pathway.
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Xie W, Gao S, Yang Y, Li H, Zhou J, Chen M, Yang S, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Meng X, Xie S, Liu M, Li D, Chen Y, Zhou J. CYLD deubiquitinates plakoglobin to promote Cx43 membrane targeting and gap junction assembly in the heart. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111864. [PMID: 36577382 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During heart maturation, gap junctions assemble into hemichannels and polarize to the intercalated disc at cell borders to mediate electrical impulse conduction. However, the molecular mechanism underpinning cardiac gap junction assembly remains elusive. Herein, we demonstrate an important role for the deubiquitinating enzyme cylindromatosis (CYLD) in this process. Depletion of CYLD in mice impairs the formation of cardiac gap junctions, accelerates cardiac fibrosis, and increases heart failure. Mechanistically, CYLD interacts with plakoglobin and removes lysine 63-linked polyubiquitin chains from plakoglobin. The deubiquitination of plakoglobin enhances its interaction with the desmoplakin/end-binding protein 1 complex localized at the microtubule plus end, thereby promoting microtubule-dependent transport of connexin 43 (Cx43), a key component of gap junctions, to the cell membrane. These findings establish CYLD as a critical player in regulating gap junction assembly and have important implications in heart development and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Siqi Gao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Hongjie Li
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Junyan Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Mingzhen Chen
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Song Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaoqian Meng
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Songbo Xie
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Min Liu
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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13
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Shi X, Jiang X, Chen C, Zhang Y, Sun X. The interconnections between the microtubules and mitochondrial networks in cardiocerebrovascular diseases: Implications for therapy. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106452. [PMID: 36116706 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules, a highly dynamic cytoskeleton, participate in many cellular activities including mechanical support, organelles interactions, and intracellular trafficking. Microtubule organization can be regulated by modification of tubulin subunits, microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) or agents modulating microtubule assembly. Increasing studies demonstrate that microtubule disorganization correlates with various cardiocerebrovascular diseases including heart failure and ischemic stroke. Microtubules also mediate intracellular transport as well as intercellular transfer of mitochondria, a power house in cells which produce ATP for various physiological activities such as cardiac mechanical function. It is known to all that both microtubules and mitochondria participate in the progression of cancer and Parkinson's disease. However, the interconnections between the microtubules and mitochondrial networks in cardiocerebrovascular diseases remain unclear. In this paper, we will focus on the roles of microtubules in cardiocerebrovascular diseases, and discuss the interplay of mitochondria and microtubules in disease development and treatment. Elucidation of these issues might provide significant diagnostic value as well as potential targets for cardiocerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuan Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Congwei Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoou Sun
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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14
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MAPRE2 regulates the first meiotic progression in mouse oocytes. Exp Cell Res 2022; 416:113135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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He N, Ma D, Tan Y, Liu M. Upregulation of O-GlcNAc transferase is involved in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 18:e318-e328. [PMID: 34821067 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults. Patients have a low survival rate and a high recurrence rate, and AML is a highly heterogeneous disease without an effective and specific targeted therapy. AIMS Therefore, it is urgent to explore new AML markers to enable early diagnosis and find drug targets for individualized treatment. RESULTS Herein, we demonstrate that O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) is significantly upregulated in AML tissues compared with normal tissues. The high level of OGT expression is significantly related to poor overall survival (OS) in AML. Inhibition of OGT can inhibit AML cell proliferation and promote AML cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that OGT plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AML, and may become a potential biomarker and molecular drug target for precision therapy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na He
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China.,Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Daoxin Ma
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanjie Tan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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16
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The specialized mitotic behavior of human embryonic stem cells. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 387:85-93. [PMID: 34729647 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are self-renewing and pluripotent cells that originate from the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. Mitosis is fundamental to organism survival and reproduction and is responsible for the equal distribution of duplicated chromosomes into daughter cells. Mitotic dysfunction is associated with a wide variety of human diseases, not least cancer. hESCs have a unique cell cycle distribution, but it is unclear exactly how the mitotic activity of hESCs is related to their proliferation and differentiation. Here, we established a cell line of hESCs stably expressing GFP-α-tubulin and mCherry-H2B by lentiviral infection to analyze and visualize mitosis in detail. During metaphase, the mitotic spindle was smaller and wider and contained a greater proportion of astral microtubules than normal cells. In addition, spindle microtubules were more stable, and chromosome alignment was faster in hESCs than in somatic cells. We also found that the spindle assembly checkpoint was functional in hESCs. These findings thus reveal a specialized mitotic behavior of hESCs.
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17
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Yang S, Zhou J, Li D. Functions and Diseases of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:727870. [PMID: 34393803 PMCID: PMC8355697 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.727870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium is a fundamental component of the retina that plays essential roles in visual functions. Damage to the structure and function of the retinal pigment epithelium leads to a variety of retinopathies, and there is currently no curative therapy for these disorders. Therefore, studying the relationship between the development, function, and pathobiology of the retinal pigment epithelium is important for the prevention and treatment of retinopathies. Here we review the function of the retinal pigment epithelium and its relevance to the pathobiology, and discuss potential strategies for the treatment of retinopathies. In doing so, we provide new viewpoints outlining new ideas for the future study and treatment of retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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18
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Song T, Zhou P, Sun C, He N, Li H, Ran J, Zhou J, Wu Y, Liu M. Enkurin domain containing 1 (ENKD1) regulates the proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2021; 18:e39-e45. [PMID: 33724673 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. NSCLC has an aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis, and is quite heterogeneous without effective and specific targeted therapies. Therefore, exploring new tumor markers and drug targets for NSCLC is crucial towards individualized treatment. Here, we demonstrate that enkurin domain containing 1 (ENKD1), a protein with unknown structure and function, is significantly downregulated in NSCLC tumor tissues compared with their non-tumor counterparts. We also show that ENKD1 expression is decreased in NSCLC cells compared to normal human lung epithelial cells. EdU incorporation, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays reveal that ENKD1 regulates the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. Collectively, these results suggest that ENKD1 plays an important role in NSCLC progression and that ENKD1 is a tumor marker and a potential molecular drug target for the treatment of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Song
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunjiao Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Na He
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Ran
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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19
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Ma H, Luo X, Zhou P, He N, Zhou J, Liu M, Xie W. USP21 promotes cell proliferation by maintaining the EZH2 level in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23693. [PMID: 33389794 PMCID: PMC7957995 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common category of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, the underlying molecular mechanism of DLBCL remains unclear. METHODS Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to assess the expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 21 (USP21) or enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2). CCK8 assay and cell death staining were carried out to examine the role of USP21 in cell proliferation and cell death, respectively. RESULTS We found that the deubiquitinase USP21 was highly expressed in the DLBCL lymphoid tissue. The expression of USP21 promoted DLBCL cell proliferation, while it had no obvious effect on cell death. In addition, we found that USP21 regulated cell proliferation via cysteine 221, the catalytic site of USP21. Furthermore, we identified that USP21 could stabilize EZH2, a protein required for germinal center formation and lymphoma formation. CONCLUSION The deubiquitinase USP21 promotes cell proliferation by maintaining the EZH2 protein level in DLBCL.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/genetics
- Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiangrui Luo
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
| | - Peng Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
| | - Na He
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
| | - Jun Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
| | - Min Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
| | - Wei Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance BiologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of ShandongCollege of Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical SciencesShandong Normal UniversityJinanChina
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20
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Xie W, Chen M, Zhai Z, Li H, Song T, Zhu Y, Dong D, Zhou P, Duan L, Zhang Y, Li D, Liu X, Zhou J, Liu M. HIV-1 exposure promotes PKG1-mediated phosphorylation and degradation of stathmin to increase epithelial barrier permeability. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100644. [PMID: 33839152 PMCID: PMC8105298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of mucosal epithelial cells to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 is known to disrupt epithelial cell junctions by impairing stathmin-mediated microtubule depolymerization. However, the pathological significance of this process and its underlying molecular mechanism remain unclear. Here we show that treatment of epithelial cells with pseudotyped HIV-1 viral particles or recombinant gp120 protein results in the activation of protein kinase G 1 (PKG1). Examination of epithelial cells by immunofluorescence microscopy reveals that PKG1 activation mediates the epithelial barrier damage upon HIV-1 exposure. Immunoprecipitation experiments show that PKG1 interacts with stathmin and phosphorylates stathmin at serine 63 in the presence of gp120. Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence microscopy further demonstrate that PKG1-mediated phosphorylation of stathmin promotes its autophagic degradation by enhancing the interaction between stathmin and the autophagy adaptor protein p62. Collectively, these results suggest that HIV-1 exposure exploits the PKG1/stathmin axis to affect the microtubule cytoskeleton and thereby perturbs epithelial cell junctions. Our findings reveal a novel molecular mechanism by which exposure to HIV-1 increases epithelial permeability, which has implications for the development of effective strategies to prevent mucosal HIV-1 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingzhen Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaodong Zhai
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjie Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yigao Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liangwei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - You Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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21
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Zhou P, Song T, Sun C, He N, Cheng Q, Xiao X, Ran J, Liu M, Xie S. USP21 upregulation in cholangiocarcinoma promotes cell proliferation and migration in a deubiquitinase-dependent manner. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 17:471-477. [PMID: 33052017 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 21 (USP21) has been implicated in several types of cancer. It promotes or suppresses tumor growth in a cell-context dependent manner. Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor with a high mortality rate. However, the role of USP21 in cholangiocarcinoma remains unknown. Here, we identify that the level of USP21 is upregulated in cholangiocarcinoma using bioinformatics analysis and confirm this elevation in RBE cell lines. Cell counting and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation assays reveal that USP21 promotes the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma. Wound healing and transwell assays demonstrate that USP21 accelerates RBE cell migration. In addition, rescue assays reveal that reintroduction of USP21 wildtype other than the deubiquitinase-deficient C221A mutant restores USP21 depletion-induced attenuation in cell proliferation and migration, indicative of the requirement of the deubiquitinase activity. Collectively, these data indicate that USP21 is critically involved in cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis and may be an effective target for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ting Song
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Chunjiao Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Na He
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Department of Emergency, Shanxian Dongda Hospital, Shanxian, Heze, Shandong, 274300, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Zaozhuang Central District People's Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, 277100, China
| | - Jie Ran
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Songbo Xie
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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22
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Wu X, Zhou J, Li D. Orientation of the Mitotic Spindle in Blood Vessel Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:583325. [PMID: 33072763 PMCID: PMC7533553 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.583325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis requires coordinated endothelial cell specification, proliferation, and collective migration. The orientation of endothelial cell division is tightly regulated during the earliest stages of blood vessel formation in response to morphogenetic cues and the controlled orientation of the mitotic spindle. Consequently, oriented cell division is a vital mechanism in vessel morphogenesis, and defective spindle orientation can perturb the spatial arrangement of daughter cells and consequently contribute to several diseases related to vascular development. Many factors affect endothelial cell proliferation and orientation and therefore blood vessel formation, with the relationship between improper spindle orientation in endothelial cells and various diseases extensively studied. Here we review the molecular mechanisms driving the orientation of endothelial cell division, particularly with respect to the mitotic spindle, and how these processes affect vascular development, disease pathogenesis, and their potential as novel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Dengwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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23
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Li J, Li Y, Liu M, Xie S. Modified heptapeptide from tau binds both tubulin and microtubules. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2993-2997. [PMID: 32893987 PMCID: PMC7529580 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microtubules are the major cytoskeletal component in eukaryotes which are essential for a large spectrum of cellular activities. Monitoring the behavior of microtubules is helpful for a better understanding of the regulatory mechanism governing microtubule architecture and microtubule‐based activities. Here, we characterized the binding capability of a modified heptapeptide from tau to both tubulin and microtubules and sought to develop it as a fluorescent peptide for monitoring microtubules. Methods To deliver the fluorescent peptide into the cells, a cell‐penetrating peptide was conjugated to the modified heptapeptide from tau and synthesized. The affinity of the modified heptapeptide was determined by microscale thermophoresis. The microtubule labeling ability was determined by adding the peptide into the polymerized microtubule solutions or cultured HeLa cells.; Results Affinity determination revealed that the tau‐derived peptide specifically bound to tubulin. In addition, the peptide was able to label polymerized microtubules in solution, although no obvious microtubule filaments were observed clearly in living cells, probably due to the inadequate affinity. Conclusions These results suggest that using a peptide‐based strategy for imaging microtubules might be plausible and attempts to improve its affinity is warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Songbo Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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