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Chen H, Su Y, Yang L, Xi L, Li X, Lan B, Liu M, Xuan C. CBX8 promotes lung adenocarcinoma growth and metastasis through transcriptional repression of CDKN2C and SCEL. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2710-2723. [PMID: 37733753 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of polycomb group (PcG) proteins that mediate epigenetic gene silencing contributes to tumorigenesis. As core components of the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1), chromobox (CBX) proteins recognize H3K27me3 to recruit PRC1 to maintain a repressive transcriptional state. However, the individual biological functions of these CBX proteins in tumorigenesis warrant in-depth investigation. In this study, we analyzed the mRNA expression of CBX family genes across multiple cancers using The Cancer Genome Atlas data and found different expression patterns of the five CBX genes in different types of cancer. This analyses together with the result of immunohistochemistry indicated that CBX8 expression was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues compared to adjacent nontumor tissues. Overexpression approaches demonstrated that CBX8 facilitated LUAD cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Consistently, CBX8 knockdown reduced LUAD cell proliferation and migration in both cell culture and mouse models. RNA sequencing combined with real-time RT-PCR assays revealed CDKN2C and SCEL as target genes of CBX8. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that CBX8 directly bound to the promoters of CDKN2C and SCEL to establish H2AK119ub. CBX8 depletion reduced the enrichment of H2AK119ub on CDKN2C and SCEL promoters. Moreover, depletion of CDKN2C and SCEL restored the repressed growth and invasion ability of LUAD cells caused by CBX8 knockdown. These findings demonstrate that CBX8 promotes LUAD growth and metastasis through the transcriptional repression of CDKN2C and SCEL. Our study uncovers the oncogenic role of CBX8 in LUAD progression and provides a new target for the diagnosis and therapy of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijie Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lishan Xi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuanyuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Liu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenghao Xuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Zhu Q, Zhu Z, Renaud SJ, Hu L, Guo Y. The Oncogenic Role of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2C in Lower-Grade Glioma. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:327-344. [PMID: 37223854 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) are slow-growing, indolent tumors that usually affect younger patients and present a therapeutic challenge due to the heterogeneity of their clinical presentation. Dysregulation of cell cycle regulatory factors is implicated in the progression of many tumors, and drugs that target cell cycle machinery have shown efficacy as promising therapeutic approaches. To date, however, no comprehensive study has examined how cell cycle-related genes affect LGG outcomes. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) data were used as the training set for differential analysis of gene expression and patient outcomes; the Chinese glioma genome atlas (CGGA) was used for validation. Levels of one candidate protein, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (CDKN2C), and its relationship to clinical prognosis were determined using a tissue microarray containing 34 LGG tumors. A nomogram was constructed to model the putative role of candidate factors in LGG. Cell type proportion analysis was performed to evaluate immune cell infiltration in LGG. Various genes encoding cell cycle regulatory factors showed increased expression in LGG and were significantly related to isocitrate dehydrogenase and chromosome arms 1p and 19q mutation status. CDKN2C expression independently predicted the outcome of LGG patients. High M2 macrophage values along with elevated CDKN2C expression were associated with poorer prognosis in LGG patients. CDKN2C plays an oncogenic role in LGG, which is associated with M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongni Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhimin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Stephen James Renaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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Mazarico-Altisent I, Capel I, Baena N, Bella-Cueto MR, Barcons S, Guirao X, Albert L, Cano A, Pareja R, Caixàs A, Rigla M. Novel germline variants of CDKN1B and CDKN2C identified during screening for familial primary hyperparathyroidism. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:829-840. [PMID: 36334246 PMCID: PMC10023768 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE CDKN1B mutations were established as a cause of multiple endocrine neoplasia 4 (MEN4) syndrome in patients with MEN1 phenotype without a mutation in the MEN1 gene. In addition, variants in other cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) were found in some MEN1-like cases without the MEN1 mutation. We aimed to describe novel germline mutations of these genes in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). METHODS During genetic screening for familial hyperparathyroidism, three novel CDKIs germline mutations in three unrelated cases between January 2019 and November 2021 were identified. In this report, we describe clinical features, DNA sequence analysis, and familial segregation studies based on these patients and their relatives. Genome-wide DNA study of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), copy number variation (CNV), and p27/kip immunohistochemistry was performed on tumour samples. RESULTS DNA screening was performed for atypical parathyroid adenomas in cases 1 and 2 and for cystic parathyroid adenoma and young age at diagnosis of PHPT in case 3. Genetic analysis identified likely pathogenic variants of CDKN1B in cases 1 and 2 and a variant of the uncertain significance of CDKN2C, with uniparental disomy in the tumour sample, in case 3. Neoplasm screening of probands showed other non-endocrine tumours in case 1 (colon adenoma with dysplasia and atypical lipomas) and case 2 (aberrant T-cell population) and a non-functional pituitary adenoma in case 3. CONCLUSION Germline mutations in CDKIs should be included in gene panels for genetic testing of primary hyperparathyroidism. New germline variants here described can be added to the current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mazarico-Altisent
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - I Capel
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Baena
- Genetic Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M R Bella-Cueto
- Pathology Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Barcons
- Surgery Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Guirao
- Surgery Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Albert
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Cano
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Pareja
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Caixàs
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Rigla
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Parc Taulí University Hospital, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Medicine Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc Taulí 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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Yi D, Zhu L, Liu Y, Zeng J, Chang J, Sun W, Teng J, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Pan X, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Lai M, Zhou Q, Liu J, Chen B, Ma F. The distinct effects of P18 overexpression on different stages of hematopoiesis involve TGF-β and NF-κB signaling. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24014. [PMID: 34907231 PMCID: PMC8671498 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03263-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of P18 can significantly improve the self-renewal potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and the success of long-term engraftment. However, the effects of P18 overexpression, which is involved in the inhibitory effects of RUNX1b at the early stage of hematopoiesis, have not been examined in detail. In this study, we established inducible P18/hESC lines and monitored the effects of P18 overexpression on hematopoietic differentiation. Induction of P18 from day 0 (D0) dramatically decreased production of CD34highCD43- cells and derivative populations, but not that of CD34lowCD43- cells, changed the cell cycle status and apoptosis of KDR+ cells and downregulated the key hematopoietic genes at D4, which might cause the severe blockage of hematopoietic differentiation at the early stage. By contrast, induction of P18 from D10 dramatically increased production of classic hematopoietic populations and changed the cell cycle status and apoptosis of CD45+ cells at D14. These effects can be counteracted by inhibition of TGF-β or NF-κB signaling respectively. This is the first evidence that P18 promotes hematopoiesis, a rare property among cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Danying Yi
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Lijiao Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Yuanling Liu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Jiahui Zeng
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Wencui Sun
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Jiawen Teng
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Yong Dong
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Xu Pan
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Yijin Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Mowen Lai
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Qiongxiu Zhou
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China.
| | - Feng Ma
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Chengdu, 610052, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, CAMS & PUMC, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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Kong D, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang F. Downregulated miRNA-22-3p promotes the progression and leads to poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma through targeting CDKN2C. J BUON 2021; 26:409-417. [PMID: 34076987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE CDKN2C exerts critical functions during the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its dysfunction is closely linked to poor prognosis of HCC. This study aimed to uncover the underlying mechanism of CDKN2C in affecting the prognosis of HCC. METHODS Potential miRNAs that could regulate CDKN2c were predicted by bioinformatics, and their differential levels in HCC and normal liver tissues were detected. CDKN2C level in Huh7 and Hep3B cells influenced by the two candidate microRNAs, miRNA-22-3p and miRNA-182-5p, were examined. Correlation between miRNA-22-3p and CDKN2C in HCC was analyzed on LinkedOmics, and further confirmed by Pearson correlation test and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Thereafter, the prognostic potential of miRNA-22-3p in HCC was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier method. Furthermore, the regulatory effects of miRNA-22-3p/CDKN2C axis on proliferative ability and cell cycle progression of HCC were assessed. RESULTS There were five miRNAs predicted to bind to CDKN2C and among them, miRNA-22-3p and miRNA-182-5p were markedly downregulated in LIHC tissues. In Huh7 and Hep3B cells, miRNA-22-3p negatively regulated CDKN2C level, while transfection of miRNA-182-5p mimic or inhibitor did not influence CDKN2C expression. MiRNA-22-3p was closely linked to poor prognosis of HCC patients. Subsequently, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay verified the binding between miRNA-22-3p and CDKN2C. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of miRNA-22-3p suppressed proliferative ability and arrested cell cycle progression, which were reversed by overexpression of CDKN2C. MiRNA-22-3p suppresses proliferative ability and arrests cell cycle progression in HCC through targeting CDKN2C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demao Kong
- Interventional Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
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Bai F, Liu S, Liu X, Hollern DP, Scott A, Wang C, Zhang L, Fan C, Fu L, Perou CM, Zhu WG, Pei XH. PDGFRβ is an essential therapeutic target for BRCA1-deficient mammary tumors. Breast Cancer Res 2021; 23:10. [PMID: 33478572 PMCID: PMC7819225 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-021-01387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) are a leading cause of cancer death due to their capacity to metastasize and lack of effective therapies. More than half of BLBCs have a dysfunctional BRCA1. Although most BRCA1-deficient cancers respond to DNA-damaging agents, resistance and tumor recurrence remain a challenge to survival outcomes for BLBC patients. Additional therapies targeting the pathways aberrantly activated by BRCA1 deficiency are urgently needed. METHODS Most BRCA1-deficient BLBCs carry a dysfunctional INK4-RB pathway. Thus, we created genetically engineered mice with Brca1 loss and deletion of p16INK4A, or separately p18INK4C, to model the deficient INK4-RB signaling in human BLBC. By using these mutant mice and human BRCA1-deficient and proficient breast cancer tissues and cells, we tested if there exists a druggable target in BRCA1-deficient breast cancers. RESULTS Heterozygous germline or epithelium-specific deletion of Brca1 in p18INK4C- or p16INK4A-deficient mice activated Pdgfrβ signaling, induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and led to BLBCs. Confirming this role, targeted deletion of Pdgfrβ in Brca1-deficient tumor cells promoted cell death, induced mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, and suppressed tumorigenesis. Importantly, we also found that pharmaceutical inhibition of Pdgfrβ and its downstream target Pkcα suppressed Brca1-deficient tumor initiation and progression and effectively killed BRCA1-deficient cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our work offers the first genetic and biochemical evidence that PDGFRβ-PKCα signaling is repressed by BRCA1, which establishes PDGFRβ-PKCα signaling as a therapeutic target for BRCA1-deficient breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Shiqin Liu
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Daniel P Hollern
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Alexandria Scott
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Chuying Wang
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lihan Zhang
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Cheng Fan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Li Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518039, China
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Eller C, Heydmann L, Colpitts CC, El Saghire H, Piccioni F, Jühling F, Majzoub K, Pons C, Bach C, Lucifora J, Lupberger J, Nassal M, Cowley GS, Fujiwara N, Hsieh SY, Hoshida Y, Felli E, Pessaux P, Sureau C, Schuster C, Root DE, Verrier ER, Baumert TF. A genome-wide gain-of-function screen identifies CDKN2C as a HBV host factor. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2707. [PMID: 32483149 PMCID: PMC7264273 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16517-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic HBV infection is a major cause of liver disease and cancer worldwide. Approaches for cure are lacking, and the knowledge of virus-host interactions is still limited. Here, we perform a genome-wide gain-of-function screen using a poorly permissive hepatoma cell line to uncover host factors enhancing HBV infection. Validation studies in primary human hepatocytes identified CDKN2C as an important host factor for HBV replication. CDKN2C is overexpressed in highly permissive cells and HBV-infected patients. Mechanistic studies show a role for CDKN2C in inducing cell cycle G1 arrest through inhibition of CDK4/6 associated with the upregulation of HBV transcription enhancers. A correlation between CDKN2C expression and disease progression in HBV-infected patients suggests a role in HBV-induced liver disease. Taken together, we identify a previously undiscovered clinically relevant HBV host factor, allowing the development of improved infectious model systems for drug discovery and the study of the HBV life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Eller
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laura Heydmann
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Che C Colpitts
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Houssein El Saghire
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Federica Piccioni
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Frank Jühling
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karim Majzoub
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Caroline Pons
- Inserm, U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL1), CNRS UMR_5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Charlotte Bach
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Lucifora
- Inserm, U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL1), CNRS UMR_5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Lupberger
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael Nassal
- Department of Internal Medicine II/Molecular Biology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Glenn S Cowley
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sen-Yung Hsieh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Emanuele Felli
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hépato-digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Pessaux
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hépato-digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Camille Sureau
- Laboratoire de Virologie Moléculaire, INTS, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Schuster
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - David E Root
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eloi R Verrier
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Thomas F Baumert
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques UMR_S1110, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire, Pôle Hépato-digestif, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France.
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8
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Sharifi MN, Anandan A, Grogan P, O'Regan RM. Therapy after cyclin-dependent kinase inhibition in metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer: Resistance mechanisms and novel treatment strategies. Cancer 2020; 126:3400-3416. [PMID: 32426848 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine therapy has been the standard of care for patients with metastatic hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer since the 1970s, improving survival while avoiding the toxicities associated with cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, all HR-positive tumors ultimately develop resistance to endocrine therapy. Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have more recently become an important component of the management of this breast cancer subtype, significantly delaying time to the disease progression and improving survival when combined with endocrine therapy. However, as with endocrine therapy alone, treatment resistance remains a universal phenomenon. As more women receive CDK4/6 inhibitors as part of their treatment, the management of de novo and acquired resistance to combined CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor plus endocrine therapy regimens has emerged as an important clinical challenge. Several resistance mechanisms have been described, including alterations in the CDK4/6/cyclin D complex or its major effector retinoblastoma protein (pRb), bypass signaling through other cyclin/CDK complexes and activation of upstream signaling pathways, in particular the PI3K/mTOR pathway, but robust biomarkers to predict resistance remain elusive, and the role for continuing CDK4/6 inhibitors after progression remains under investigation. Novel strategies being evaluated in clinical trials include the continuation of CDK4/6 inhibitors through progression, as well as triplet therapy combinations with PI3K inhibitors or immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina N Sharifi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Internal Medicine Pathway for Academic Career Training (IMPACT) Physician Scientist Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Apoorva Anandan
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Patrick Grogan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Internal Medicine Pathway for Academic Career Training (IMPACT) Physician Scientist Program, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ruth M O'Regan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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9
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Zhu L, Zhang Q, Li S, Jiang S, Cui J, Dang G. Interference of the long noncoding RNA CDKN2B-AS1 upregulates miR-181a-5p/TGFβI axis to restrain the metastasis and promote apoptosis and senescence of cervical cancer cells. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1721-1730. [PMID: 30884187 PMCID: PMC6488111 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) CDKN2B-AS1 has been shown to play a crucial role in the development as well as in the prognosis of various human cancers, including cervical cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be further explored between CDKN2B-AS1 and cervical cancer. In the present study, RT-PCR showed that the mRNA level of CDKN2B-AS1 was significantly upregulated while the miR-181a-5p was downregulated in cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, the interference of CDKN2B-AS1 by shRNA resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation, invasion, migration and promotion of apoptosis and senescence, and either CDKN2B-AS1 overexpression or miR-181a-5p showed reversed results. Further studies demonstrated that CDKN2B-AS1 could directly interact with miR-181a-5p, and that there was an inverse correlation between miR-181a-5p and CDKN2B-AS1. In addition, we found that TGFβI was a target of miR-181a-5p and could be downregulated by CDKN2B-AS1 knockdown. Moreover, the in vivo experiments further demonstrated the contribution of CDKN2B-AS1 in cervical cancer including tumor growth, apoptosis inhibition and senescence inhibition, and CDKN2B-AS1 knockdown could inhibit the aforementioned activities. In summary, our study demonstrated that the CDKN2B-AS1/miR-181a-5p/TGFβI axis might play a vital role in cervical cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Quanhua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Shaoping Li
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Ge Dang
- Department of SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiangChina
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10
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Kohara H, Utsugisawa T, Sakamoto C, Hirose L, Ogawa Y, Ogura H, Sugawara A, Liao J, Aoki T, Iwasaki T, Asai T, Doisaki S, Okuno Y, Muramatsu H, Abe T, Kurita R, Miyamoto S, Sakuma T, Shiba M, Yamamoto T, Ohga S, Yoshida K, Ogawa S, Ito E, Kojima S, Kanno H, Tani K. KLF1 mutation E325K induces cell cycle arrest in erythroid cells differentiated from congenital dyserythropoietic anemia patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. Exp Hematol 2019; 73:25-37.e8. [PMID: 30876823 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 1 (KLF1), a transcription factor controlling definitive erythropoiesis, is involved in sequential control of terminal cell division and enucleation via fine regulation of key cell cycle regulator gene expression in erythroid lineage cells. Type IV congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) is caused by a monoallelic mutation at the second zinc finger of KLF1 (c.973G>A, p.E325K). We recently diagnosed a female patient with type IV CDA with the identical missense mutation. To understand the mechanism underlying the dyserythropoiesis caused by the mutation, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the CDA patient (CDA-iPSCs). The erythroid cells that differentiated from CDA-iPSCs (CDA-erythroid cells) displayed multinucleated morphology, absence of CD44, and dysregulation of the KLF1 target gene expression. In addition, uptake of bromodeoxyuridine by CDA-erythroid cells was significantly decreased at the CD235a+/CD71+ stage, and microarray analysis revealed that cell cycle regulator genes were dysregulated, with increased expression of negative regulators such as CDKN2C and CDKN2A. Furthermore, inducible expression of the KLF1 E325K, but not the wild-type KLF1, caused a cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase in CDA-erythroid cells. Microarray analysis of CDA-erythroid cells and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of the KLF1 E325K inducible expression system also revealed altered expression of several KLF1 target genes including erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 (EPB41), EPB42, glutathione disulfide reductase (GSR), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), and ATPase phospholipid transporting 8A1 (ATP8A1). Our data indicate that the E325K mutation in KLF1 is associated with disruption of transcriptional control of cell cycle regulators in association with erythroid membrane or enzyme abnormalities, leading to dyserythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kohara
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiju Utsugisawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Processing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chika Sakamoto
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Lisa Hirose
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshie Ogawa
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Ogura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Processing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Sugawara
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiyuan Liao
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takako Aoki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Processing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Iwasaki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Processing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Sayoko Doisaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuno
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Muramatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Research and Development, Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Department of Research and Development, Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Miyamoto
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Sakuma
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shiba
- Department of Research and Development, Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Seiji Kojima
- Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kanno
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Processing, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kenzaburo Tani
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Molecular and Clinical Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Advanced Molecular and Cell Therapy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
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11
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Karagianni F, Njauw CN, Kypreou KP, Stergiopoulou A, Plaka M, Polydorou D, Chasapi V, Pappas L, Stratigos IA, Champsas G, Panagiotou P, Gogas H, Evangelou E, Tsao H, Stratigos AJ, Stefanaki I. CDKN2A/CDK4 Status in Greek Patients with Familial Melanoma and Association with Clinico-epidemiological Parameters. Acta Derm Venereol 2018; 98:862-866. [PMID: 29774366 PMCID: PMC6572781 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 5–10% of melanoma cases occur in a familial context. CDKN2A/CDK4 were the first high- penetrance melanoma genes identified. The aims of this study were to evaluate CDKN2A/CDK4 variants in Greek familial melanoma patients and to correlate the mutational status with specific clinico-epidemiological characteristics. A cross-sectional study was conducted by genotyping CDKN2A/CDK4 variants and selected MC1R polymorphisms in 52 melanoma-prone families. Descriptive statistics were calculated and comparisons were made using the X2 test, Fisher’s exact test and Student’s t-test for statistical analysis, as appropriate. CDKN2A variants were detected in 46.2% of melanoma-prone families, while a CDK4 variant was found in only one family. This study confirmed that, in the Greek population, the age at melanoma diagnosis was lower in patients carrying a variant in CDKN2A compared with wild-type patients. No statistically significant associations were found between CDKN2A mutational status and MC1R polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Karagianni
- 1st Department of Dermatology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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12
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Sarun KH, Lee K, Williams M, Wright CM, Clarke CJ, Cheng NC, Takahashi K, Cheng YY. Genomic Deletion of BAP1 and CDKN2A Are Useful Markers for Quality Control of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) Primary Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103056. [PMID: 30301262 PMCID: PMC6213505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly cancer that is caused by asbestos exposure and that has limited treatment options. The current standard of MPM diagnosis requires the testing of multiple immunohistochemical (IHC) markers on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue to differentiate MPM from other lung malignancies. To date, no single biomarker exists for definitive diagnosis of MPM due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity; therefore, there is ongoing research and development in order to identify alternative biomarkers for this purpose. In this study, we utilized primary MPM cell lines and tested the expression of clinically used biomarker panels, including CK8/18, Calretinin, CK 5/6, CD141, HBME-1, WT-1, D2-40, EMA, CEA, TAG72, BG8, CD15, TTF-1, BAP1, and Ber-Ep4. The genomic alteration of CDNK2A and BAP1 is common in MPM and has potential diagnostic value. Changes in CDKN2A and BAP1 genomic expression were confirmed in MPM samples in the current study using Fluorescence In situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis or copy number variation (CNV) analysis with digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). To determine whether MPM tissue and cell lines were comparable in terms of molecular alterations, IHC marker expression was analyzed in both sample types. The percentage of MPM biomarker levels showed variation between original tissue and matched cells established in culture. Genomic deletions of BAP1 and CDKN2A, however, showed consistent levels between the two. The data from this study suggest that genomic deletion analysis may provide more accurate biomarker options for MPM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Harun Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Marissa Williams
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Casey Maree Wright
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Candice Julie Clarke
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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13
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Helgadottir H, Olsson H, Tucker MA, Yang XR, Höiom V, Goldstein AM. Phenocopies in melanoma-prone families with germ-line CDKN2A mutations. Genet Med 2018; 20:1087-1090. [PMID: 29215650 PMCID: PMC6916246 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Carriers of CDKN2A mutations have high risks of melanoma and certain other cancers. In this study we examined the occurrence of tumors among CDKN2A wild type (wt) members of melanoma-prone families with CDKN2A mutations. METHODS Swedish and US melanoma-prone families with CDKN2A mutations were included. Data was collected on tumors diagnosed among family members. Among the CDKN2A mutated families, members with CDKN2A wt status who were diagnosed with melanoma were designated phenocopies. RESULTS Of patients with melanoma in the CDKN2A mutated families (n = 266), 7.1%, were seen among members with CDKN2A wt status (phenocopy rate). Among the CDKN2A wt family members of the CDKN2A mutated families (n = 256), 7.4% were diagnosed with melanoma. The prospective relative risk for melanomas was significantly higher among the CDKN2A wt subjects compared with population-based controls (7.4 (95% confidence interval 1.7-33.2)), while no elevated risks of nonmelanoma cancers were seen and their offspring did not have significantly elevated risks of melanoma or other cancers. CONCLUSION Members of CDKN2A mutation carrying families who test negative for their family's mutation have moderately increased risk for melanoma and should, in addition to being considered for continuing dermatologic surveillance, be encouraged to follow sun safety recommendations and practice skin self-exams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildur Helgadottir
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Oncology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Margaret A Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaohong R Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Veronica Höiom
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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14
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Nabil R, Plasmeijer E, van Doorn R, Bergman W, Kukutsch NA. Unscheduled Visits of Patients with Familial Melanoma to a Pigmented Lesion Clinic: Evaluation of Patients' Characteristics and Suspicious Lesions. Acta Derm Venereol 2018. [PMID: 29542807 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10% of all melanomas occur in subjects with a family history of melanoma. This retrospective follow-up study investigated the characteristics of patients with familial melanoma who made unscheduled visits to our pigmented lesions clinic, and the diagnosis of excised lesions. A total of 110 (9%) out of 1,267 patients made at least one unscheduled visit between May 2011 and February 2016. Histopathology was taken from 59 patients. Thirty-four naevi, 7 melanomas and 3 basal cell carcinomas were detected. All patients with melanoma were CDKN2A carriers and all melanomas were discovered at a very early stage. In this patient population it appears to be safe to limit visits to once or twice yearly, provided patients are easily able to make an unscheduled extra visit if they have a worrisome lesion. We recommend supporting patients' self-reliance by stimulating them to carry out self-examination of their skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Nabil
- Department of Dermatology B-1-Q,, Leiden University Medical Center, PO-box 9600, 2300 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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15
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Wang C, Bai F, Zhang LH, Scott A, Li E, Pei XH. Estrogen promotes estrogen receptor negative BRCA1-deficient tumor initiation and progression. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:74. [PMID: 29996906 PMCID: PMC6042319 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0996-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen promotes breast cancer development and progression mainly through estrogen receptor (ER). However, blockage of estrogen production or action prevents development of and suppresses progression of ER-negative breast cancers. How estrogen promotes ER-negative breast cancer development and progression is poorly understood. We previously discovered that deletion of cell cycle inhibitors p16Ink4a (p16) or p18Ink4c (p18) is required for development of Brca1-deficient basal-like mammary tumors, and that mice lacking p18 develop luminal-type mammary tumors. METHODS A genetic model system with three mouse strains, one that develops ER-positive mammary tumors (p18 single deletion) and the others that develop ER-negative tumors (p16;Brca1 and p18;Brca1 compound deletion), human BRCA1 mutant breast cancer patient-derived xenografts, and human BRCA1-deficient and BRCA1-proficient breast cancer cells were used to determine the role of estrogen in activating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stimulating cell proliferation, and promoting ER-negative mammary tumor initiation and metastasis. RESULTS Estrogen stimulated the proliferation and tumor-initiating potential of both ER-positive Brca1-proficient and ER-negative Brca1-deficient tumor cells. Estrogen activated EMT in a subset of Brca1-deficient mammary tumor cells that maintained epithelial features, and enhanced the number of cancer stem cells, promoting tumor progression and metastasis. Estrogen activated EMT independent of ER in Brca1-deficient, but not Brca1-proficient, tumor cells. Estrogen activated the AKT pathway in BRCA1-deficient tumor cells independent of ER, and pharmaceutical inhibition of AKT activity suppressed EMT and cell proliferation preventing BRCA1 deficient tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals for the first time that estrogen promotes BRCA1-deficient tumor initiation and progression by stimulation of cell proliferation and activation of EMT, which are dependent on AKT activation and independent of ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuying Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Feng Bai
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Li-han Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Alexandria Scott
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Enxiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
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16
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Plengvidhya N, Chanprasert C, Chongjaroen N, Yenchitsomanus PT, Homsanit M, Tangjittipokin W. Impact of KCNQ1, CDKN2A/2B, CDKAL1, HHEX, MTNR1B, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, and UBE2E2 on risk of developing type 2 diabetes in Thai population. BMC Med Genet 2018; 19:93. [PMID: 29871606 PMCID: PMC5989367 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several type 2 diabetes (T2D) susceptibility loci identified via genome-wide association studies were found to be replicated among various populations. However, the influence of these loci on T2D in Thai population is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported in GWA studies on T2D and related quantitative traits in Thai population. METHODS Eight SNPs in or near the KCNQ1, CDKN2A/2B, SLC30A8, HHEX, CDKAL1, TCF7L2, MTNR1B, and UBE2E2 genes were genotyped. A case-control association study comprising 500 Thai patients with T2D and 500 ethnically-matched control subjects was conducted. Associations between SNPs and T2D were examined by logistic regression analysis. The impact of these SNPs on quantitative traits was examined by linear regression among case and control subjects. RESULTS Five SNPs in KCNQ1 (rs2237892), CDK2A/2B (rs108116610, SLC30A8 (rs13266634), TCF7L2 (rs7903146) and MTNR1B (rs1387153) were found to be marginally associated with risk of developing T2D, with odds ratios ranging from 1.43 to 2.02 (p = 0.047 to 3.0 × 10-4) with adjustments for age, sex, and body mass index. Interestingly, SNP rs13266634 of SLC30A8 gene reached statistical significance after correcting for multiple testing (p = 0.0003) (p < 0.006 after Bonferroni correction). However, no significant association was detected between HHEX (rs1111875), CDKAL1 (rs7756992), or UBE2E2 (rs7612463) and T2D. We also observed association between rs10811661 and both waist circumference and waist-hip ratio (p = 0.007 and p = 0.023, respectively). In addition, rs13266634 in SLC30A8 was associated with glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.018), and rs7903146 in TCF7L2 was associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION Of the eight genes included in our analysis, significant association was observed between KCNQ1, CDKN2A/2B, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, and MTNR1B loci and T2D in our Thai study population. Of these, CDKN2A/2B, SLC30A8, and TCF7L2 genes were also significantly associated with anthropometric, glycemic and lipid characteristics. Larger cohort studies and meta-analyses are needed to further confirm the effect of these variants in Thai population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattachet Plengvidhya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutima Chanprasert
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Research Division, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nalinee Chongjaroen
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pa-thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mayuree Homsanit
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Watip Tangjittipokin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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17
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Roy S, LaFramboise WA, Liu TC, Cao D, Luvison A, Miller C, Lyons MA, O'Sullivan RJ, Zureikat AH, Hogg ME, Tsung A, Lee KK, Bahary N, Brand RE, Chennat JS, Fasanella KE, McGrath K, Nikiforova MN, Papachristou GI, Slivka A, Zeh HJ, Singhi AD. Loss of Chromatin-Remodeling Proteins and/or CDKN2A Associates With Metastasis of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Reduced Patient Survival Times. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:2060-2063.e8. [PMID: 29486199 PMCID: PMC5985217 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite prognostic grading and staging systems, it is a challenge to predict outcomes for patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). Sequencing studies of PanNETs have identified alterations in death domain-associated protein (DAXX) and alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked chromatin remodeler (ATRX). In tumors, mutations in DAXX or ATRX and corresponding loss of protein expression correlate with shorter times of disease-free survival and disease-specific survival of patients. However, DAXX or ATRX proteins were lost in only 50% of distant metastases analyzed. We performed whole-exome sequencing analyses of 20 distant metastases from 20 patients with a single nonsyndrome, nonfunctional PanNET. We found distant metastases contained alterations in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) (n = 8), ATRX (n = 5), DAXX (n = 5), TSC2 (n = 3), and DEP domain containing 5 (DEPDC5) (n = 3). We found copy number loss of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) in 15 metastases (75%) and alterations in genes that regulate chromatin remodeling, including set domain containing 2 (SETD2) (n = 4), AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A) (n = 2), chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 8 (CHD8) (n = 2), and DNA methyl transferase 1 (DNMT1) (n = 2). In a separate analysis of 347 primary PanNETs, we found loss or deletion of DAXX and ATRX, disruption of SETD2 function (based on loss of H3 lysine 36 trimethylation), loss of ARID1A expression or deletions in CDKN2A in 81% of primary PanNETs with distant metastases. Among patients with loss or deletion of at least 1 of these proteins or genes, 39% survived disease-free for 5 years and 44% had disease-specific survival times of 10 years. Among patients without any of these alterations, 98% survived disease-free for 5 years and 95% had disease-specific survival times of 10 years. Therefore, primary PanNETs with loss of DAXX, ATRX, H3 lysine 36 trimethylation, ARID1A, and/or CDKN2A associate with shorter survival times of patients. Our findings indicate that alterations in chromatin-remodeling genes and CDKN2A contribute to metastasis of PanNETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somak Roy
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - William A LaFramboise
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ta-Chiang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Dengfeng Cao
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Alyssa Luvison
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Caitlyn Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Maureen A Lyons
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Roderick J O'Sullivan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amer H Zureikat
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Melissa E Hogg
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Allan Tsung
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth K Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nathan Bahary
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Randall E Brand
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer S Chennat
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kenneth E Fasanella
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin McGrath
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marina N Nikiforova
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Adam Slivka
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Herbert J Zeh
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Aatur D Singhi
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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18
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Abstract
ARF is a tumor suppressor protein that has a pivotal role in the prevention of cancer development through regulating cell proliferation, senescence, and apoptosis. As a factor that induces senescence, the role of ARF as a tumor suppressor is closely linked to the p53-MDM2 axis, which is a key process that restrains tumor formation. Thus, many cancer cells either lack a functional ARF or p53, which enables them to evade cell oncogenic stress-mediated cycle arrest, senescence, or apoptosis. In particular, the ARF gene is a frequent target of genetic and epigenetic alterations including promoter hyper-methylation or gene deletion. However, as many cancer cells still express ARF, pathways that negatively modulate transcriptional or post-translational regulation of ARF could be potentially important means for cancer cells to induce cellular proliferation. These recent findings of regulators affecting ARF protein stability along with its low levels in numerous human cancers indicate the significance of an ARF post-translational mechanism in cancers. Novel findings of regulators stimulating or suppressing ARF function would provide new therapeutic targets to manage cancer- and senescence-related diseases. In this review, we present the current knowledge on the regulation and alterations of ARF expression in human cancers, and indicate the importance of regulators of ARF as a prognostic marker and in potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aram Ko
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Korea
| | - Su Yeon Han
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Korea
| | - Jaewhan Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722,
Korea
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19
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Kong Y, Sharma RB, Ly S, Stamateris RE, Jesdale WM, Alonso LC. CDKN2A/B T2D Genome-Wide Association Study Risk SNPs Impact Locus Gene Expression and Proliferation in Human Islets. Diabetes 2018; 67:872-884. [PMID: 29432124 PMCID: PMC5910004 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies link the CDKN2A/B locus with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but mechanisms increasing risk remain unknown. The CDKN2A/B locus encodes cell cycle inhibitors p14, p15, and p16; MTAP; and ANRIL, a long noncoding RNA. The goal of this study was to determine whether CDKN2A/B T2D risk SNPs impact locus gene expression, insulin secretion, or β-cell proliferation in human islets. Islets from donors without diabetes (n = 95) were tested for SNP genotype (rs10811661, rs2383208, rs564398, and rs10757283), gene expression (p14, p15, p16, MTAP, ANRIL, PCNA, KI67, and CCND2), insulin secretion (n = 61), and β-cell proliferation (n = 47). Intriguingly, locus genes were coregulated in islets in two physically overlapping cassettes: p14-p16-ANRIL, which increased with age, and MTAP-p15, which did not. Risk alleles at rs10811661 and rs2383208 were differentially associated with expression of ANRIL, but not p14, p15, p16, or MTAP, in age-dependent fashion, such that younger homozygous risk donors had higher ANRIL expression, equivalent to older donor levels. We identified several risk SNP combinations that may impact locus gene expression, suggesting possible mechanisms by which SNPs impact locus biology. Risk allele carriers at ANRIL coding SNP rs564398 had reduced β-cell proliferation index. In conclusion, CDKN2A/B locus SNPs may impact T2D risk by modulating islet gene expression and β-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Kong
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Rohit B Sharma
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Socheata Ly
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Rachel E Stamateris
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - William M Jesdale
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Laura C Alonso
- Diabetes Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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20
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Goto A, Noda M, Goto M, Yasuda K, Mizoue T, Yamaji T, Sawada N, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Predictive performance of a genetic risk score using 11 susceptibility alleles for the incidence of Type 2 diabetes in a general Japanese population: a nested case-control study. Diabet Med 2018; 35:602-611. [PMID: 29444352 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the predictive ability of a genetic risk score for the incidence of Type 2 diabetes in a general Japanese population. METHODS This prospective case-control study, nested within a Japan Public Health Centre-based prospective study, included 466 participants with incident Type 2 diabetes over a 5-year period (cases) and 1361 control participants, as well as 1463 participants with existing diabetes and 1463 control participants. Eleven susceptibility single nucleotide polymorphisms, identified through genome-wide association studies and replicated in Japanese populations, were analysed. RESULTS Most single nucleotide polymorphism loci showed directionally consistent associations with diabetes. From the combined samples, one single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2206734 at CDKAL1) reached a genome-wide significance level (odds ratio 1.28, 95% CI 1.18-1.40; P = 1.8 × 10-8 ). Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2206734 in CDKAL1, rs2383208 in CDKN2A/B, and rs2237892 in KCNQ1) were nominally significantly associated with incident diabetes. Compared with the lowest quintile of the total number of risk alleles, the highest quintile had a higher odds of incident diabetes (odds ratio 2.34, 95% CI 1.59-3.46) after adjusting for conventional risk factors such as age, sex and BMI. The addition to the conventional risk factor-based model of a genetic risk score using the 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms significantly improved predictive performance; the c-statistic increased by 0.021, net reclassification improved by 6.2%, and integrated discrimination improved by 0.003. CONCLUSIONS Our prospective findings suggest that the addition of a genetic risk score may provide modest but significant incremental predictive performance beyond that of the conventional risk factor-based model without biochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Goto
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo
| | - M Noda
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saitama Medical University, Saitama
| | - M Goto
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, JCHO Tokyo Yamate Medical Centre, Tokyo
| | - K Yasuda
- Department of Metabolic Disorder, Diabetes Research Centre, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo
| | - N Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo
| | - M Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo
| | - M Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo
| | - S Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Centre for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Tokyo
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21
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Huerta C, Garcia-Casado Z, Bañuls J, Moragon M, Oliver V, Unamuno B, Requena C, Kumar R, Nagore E. Characteristics of Familial Melanoma in Valencia, Spain, Based on the Presence of CDKN2A Mutations and MC1R Variants. Acta Derm Venereol 2018; 98:512-516. [PMID: 29405243 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma results from a complex interplay between environmental factors and individual genetic susceptibility. Familial melanoma is attributable to predisposition genes with variable penetrance. The aim of this study was to identify differences between familial melanoma and sporadic cases in our population, based on the presence of CDKN2A mutations and MC1R variants. Comparing 107 patients with familial melanoma from 87 families (17% CDKN2A mutated) with 1,390 cases of sporadic melanomas, the former were younger and exhibited an increased prevalence of atypical naevi and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). CDKN2A mutation carriers presented more atypical naevi, multiple melanomas, and basal cell carcinoma, while non-carriers were more likely to have light-coloured hair, atypical naevi, and SCC. MC1R variants decreased the age at diagnosis in all groups and were associated with an increased prevalence of SCC, especially in patients with familial melanoma without CDKN2A mutations. These characteristics may help to establish prevention measures targeting patients with familial melanoma in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Huerta
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain
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22
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Lin CH, Wong SHK, Kurzer JH, Schneidawind C, Wei MC, Duque-Afonso J, Jeong J, Feng X, Cleary ML. SETDB2 Links E2A-PBX1 to Cell-Cycle Dysregulation in Acute Leukemia through CDKN2C Repression. Cell Rep 2018; 23:1166-1177. [PMID: 29694893 PMCID: PMC5963704 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, necessitating further improvements in diagnosis and therapy. Targeted therapies directed against chromatin regulators are emerging as promising approaches in preclinical studies and early clinical trials. Here, we demonstrate an oncogenic role for the protein lysine methyltransferase SETDB2 in leukemia pathogenesis. It is overexpressed in pre-BCR+ ALL and required for their maintenance in vitro and in vivo. SETDB2 expression is maintained as a direct target gene of the chimeric transcription factor E2A-PBX1 in a subset of ALL and suppresses expression of the cell-cycle inhibitor CDKN2C through histone H3K9 tri-methylation, thus establishing an oncogenic pathway subordinate to E2A-PBX1 that silences a major tumor suppressor in ALL. In contrast, SETDB2 was relatively dispensable for normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation. SETDB2 knockdown enhances sensitivity to kinase and chromatin inhibitors, providing a mechanistic rationale for targeting SETDB2 therapeutically in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiou-Hong Lin
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen Hon-Kit Wong
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Jason H Kurzer
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Corina Schneidawind
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michael C Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jesús Duque-Afonso
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johan Jeong
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xuhui Feng
- Krannert Institute of Cardiology and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Michael L Cleary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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23
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Sokratous M, Dardiotis E, Bellou E, Tsouris Z, Michalopoulou A, Dardioti M, Siokas V, Rikos D, Tsatsakis A, Kovatsi L, Bogdanos DP, Hadjigeorgiou GM. CpG Island Methylation Patterns in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. J Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29516350 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation may predispose to multiple sclerosis (MS), as aberrant methylation in the promoter regions across the genome seems to underlie several processes of MS. We have currently determined the methylation status of eight genes in relapsing-remitting MS patients. Methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) was used to determine the status of 31 CpG islands, located across eight genes, in 33 healthy individuals and 66 MS patients (33 in relapse and 33 in remission). The methylation levels in the examined sites ranged from 0 to 31%. Methylation positivity for RUNX3 and CDKN2A differed significantly between MS patients and healthy controls. Maximum methylation in RUNX3, CDKN2A, SOCS1, and NEUROG1 genes was significantly different between patients and controls. Roc curves demonstrated that the appropriate cut-offs to distinguish patients from healthy controls were 2% for RUNX3 (OR 3.316, CI 1.207-9.107, p = 0.024) and 3% for CDKN2A (OR 3.077, CI 1.281-7.39, p = 0.018). No difference in methylation was observed between patients in relapse and patients in remission, in any of the genes examined. Methylation patterns of RUNX3 and CDKN2A may be able to distinguish between MS patients and healthy controls, but not between MS patients in relapse and in remission. Graphical Abstract Methylation patterns of RUNX3 and CDKN2A may be able to discriminate healthy individuals from MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sokratous
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Eleni Bellou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Zisis Tsouris
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Amalia Michalopoulou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Dardioti
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rikos
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, 40500, Larissa, Greece
- Cellular Immunotherapy & Molecular Immunodiagnostics, Biomedical Section, Centre for Research and Technology-Hellas (CERTH)- Institute for Research and Technology-Thessaly (IRETETH), 41222, Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
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24
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Cao Z, Wei L, Zhu W, Yao X. Meta-analysis of CDKN2A methylation to find its role in prostate cancer development and progression, and also to find the effect of CDKN2A expression on disease-free survival (PRISMA). Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0182. [PMID: 29561434 PMCID: PMC5895353 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduction of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) (p16 and p14) expression through DNA methylation has been reported in prostate cancer (PCa). This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the difference of p16 and p14 methylation between PCa and different histological types of nonmalignant controls and the correlation of p16 or p14 methylation with clinicopathological features of PCa. METHODS According to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement criteria, articles were searched in PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, Wanfang, and CNKI databases. The strength of correlation was calculated by the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was used to estimate the required population information for significant results. RESULTS A total of 20 studies published from 1997 to 2017 were identified in this meta-analysis, including 1140 PCa patients and 530 cases without cancer. Only p16 methylation in PCa was significantly higher than in benign prostatic lesions (OR = 4.72, P = .011), but had a similar level in PCa and adjacent tissues or high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasias (HGPIN). TSA revealed that this analysis on p16 methylation is a false positive result in cancer versus benign prostatic lesions (the estimated required information size of 5116 participants). p16 methylation was not correlated with PCa in the urine and blood. Besides, p16 methylation was not linked to clinical stage, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and Gleason score (GS) of patients with PCa. p14 methylation was not correlated with PCa in tissue and urine samples. No correlation was observed between p14 methylation and clinical stage or GS. CDKN2A mutation and copy number alteration were not associated with prognosis of PCa in overall survival and disease-free survival. CDKN2A expression was not correlated with the prognosis of PCa in overall survival (492 cases) (P > .1), while CDKN2A expression was significantly associated with a poor disease-free survival (P < .01). CONCLUSION CDKN2A methylation may not be significantly associated with the development, progression of PCa. Although CDKN2A expression had an unfavorable prognosis in disease-free survival. More studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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25
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Cooke SL, Ennis D, Evers L, Dowson S, Chan MY, Paul J, Hirschowitz L, Glasspool RM, Singh N, Bell S, Day E, Kochman A, Wilkinson N, Beer P, Martin S, Millan D, Biankin AV, McNeish IA. The Driver Mutational Landscape of Ovarian Squamous Cell Carcinomas Arising in Mature Cystic Teratoma. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:7633-7640. [PMID: 28954785 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: We sought to identify the genomic abnormalities in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) arising in ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT), a rare gynecological malignancy of poor prognosis.Experimental design: We performed copy number, mutational state, and zygosity analysis of 151 genes in SCC arising in MCT (n = 25) using next-generation sequencing. The presence of high-/intermediate-risk HPV genotypes was assessed by quantitative PCR. Genomic events were correlated with clinical features and outcome.Results: MCT had a low mutation burden with a mean of only one mutation per case. Zygosity analyses of MCT indicated four separate patterns, suggesting that MCT can arise from errors at various stages of oogenesis. A total of 244 abnormalities were identified in 79 genes in MCT-associated SCC, and the overall mutational burden was high (mean 10.2 mutations per megabase). No SCC was positive for HPV. The most frequently altered genes in SCC were TP53 (20/25 cases, 80%), PIK3CA (13/25 cases, 52%), and CDKN2A (11/25 cases, 44%). Mutation in TP53 was associated with improved overall survival. In 8 of 20 cases with TP53 mutations, two or more variants were identified, which were bi-allelic.Conclusions: Ovarian SCC arising in MCT has a high mutational burden, with TP53 mutation the most common abnormality. The presence of TP53 mutation is a good prognostic factor. SCC arising in MCT share similar mutation profiles to other SCC. Given their rarity, they should be included in basket studies that recruit patients with SCC of other organs. Clin Cancer Res; 23(24); 7633-40. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna L Cooke
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Ennis
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Evers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Dowson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mei Yen Chan
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - James Paul
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn Hirschowitz
- Department of Pathology, Birmingham Women's NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Naveena Singh
- Department of Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Bell
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Day
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Agata Kochman
- Department of Pathology, Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, United Kingdom
| | - Nafisa Wilkinson
- Department of Pathology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Beer
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sancha Martin
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David Millan
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Iain A McNeish
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Taylor NJ, Mitra N, Goldstein AM, Tucker MA, Avril MF, Azizi E, Bergman W, Bishop DT, Bressac-de Paillerets B, Bruno W, Calista D, Cannon-Albright LA, Cuellar F, Cust AE, Demenais F, Elder DE, Gerdes AM, Ghiorzo P, Grazziotin TC, Hansson J, Harland M, Hayward NK, Hocevar M, Höiom V, Ingvar C, Landi MT, Landman G, Larre-Borges A, Leachman SA, Mann GJ, Nagore E, Olsson H, Palmer JM, Perić B, Pjanova D, Pritchard A, Puig S, van der Stoep N, Wadt KAW, Whitaker L, Yang XR, Newton Bishop JA, Gruis NA, Kanetsky PA. Germline Variation at CDKN2A and Associations with Nevus Phenotypes among Members of Melanoma Families. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2606-2612. [PMID: 28830827 PMCID: PMC5701856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations in CDKN2A are frequently identified among melanoma kindreds and are associated with increased atypical nevus counts. However, a clear relationship between pathogenic CDKN2A mutation carriage and other nevus phenotypes including counts of common acquired nevi has not yet been established. Using data from GenoMEL, we investigated the relationships between CDKN2A mutation carriage and 2-mm, 5-mm, and atypical nevus counts among blood-related members of melanoma families. Compared with individuals without a pathogenic mutation, those who carried one had an overall higher prevalence of atypical (odds ratio = 1.64; 95% confidence interval = 1.18-2.28) nevi but not 2-mm nevi (odds ratio = 1.06; 95% confidence interval = 0.92-1.21) or 5-mm nevi (odds ratio = 1.26; 95% confidence interval = 0.94-1.70). Stratification by case status showed more pronounced positive associations among non-case family members, who were nearly three times (odds ratio = 2.91; 95% confidence interval = 1.75-4.82) as likely to exhibit nevus counts at or above the median in all three nevus categories simultaneously when harboring a pathogenic mutation (vs. not harboring one). Our results support the hypothesis that unidentified nevogenic genes are co-inherited with CDKN2A and may influence carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Nandita Mitra
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Human Genetics Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Margaret A Tucker
- Human Genetics Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin et Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Esther Azizi
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Wilma Bergman
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D Timothy Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre at Leeds, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, INSERM, U1186, Villejuif, France
| | - William Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa and IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST Genoa, Italy
| | - Donato Calista
- Dermatology Unit, Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Lisa A Cannon-Albright
- Departments of Genetic Epidemiology and Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Francisco Cuellar
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne E Cust
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Florence Demenais
- Genetic Variation and Human Diseases Unit, UMR-946, INSERM, Université Paris Diderot, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - David E Elder
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Gerdes
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paola Ghiorzo
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre at Leeds, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Thais C Grazziotin
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Johan Hansson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark Harland
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre at Leeds, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Nicholas K Hayward
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Marko Hocevar
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Veronica Höiom
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian Ingvar
- Departments of Clinical Sciences and Surgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Human Genetics Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gilles Landman
- Department of Pathology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Larre-Borges
- Unidad de Lesiones Pigmentadas, Cátedra de Dermatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sancy A Leachman
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Graham J Mann
- Melanoma Institute Australia, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Millennium Institute, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eduardo Nagore
- Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Departments of Clinical Sciences and Surgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jane M Palmer
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Barbara Perić
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloska, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dace Pjanova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Antonia Pritchard
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nienke van der Stoep
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karin A W Wadt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda Whitaker
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre at Leeds, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Xiaohong R Yang
- Human Genetics Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia A Newton Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, Cancer Research UK Clinical Centre at Leeds, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Nelleke A Gruis
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A Kanetsky
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.
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Shah K, Patel S, Mirza S, Rawal RM. Unravelling the link between embryogenesis and cancer metastasis. Gene 2017; 642:447-452. [PMID: 29162510 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer as opposed to embryonic development is characterized by dysregulated, uncontrolled and clonal growth of cells. Inspite of that they share certain commonality in gene expression patterns and a number of cellular & molecular features. Consequently, in the present study we aimed to evaluate the role of a definite set of genes in fetal liver, primary liver cancers and metastatic liver tissue. METHODS The relative expression of fourteen candidate genes obtained by data mining and manual curation of published data (CXCL12, CXCR4, CK7, CDH1, CTNNB1, CLDN4, VEGFA, HIF1A, MMP9, p53, OPN, CDKN2A, TGFBR2, MUC16, β-actin) were performed on 62 tissues (32 liver metastasis tissues and 30 primary Liver cancer tissues), Fetal liver tissues (below and above 20weeks of gestation) and 2 sets of control samples by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Results showed significant down-regulation of MMP9 and TP53 in Fetal liver above 20weeks of gestation whereas it was up-regulated in fetal liver below 20weeks of gestation, primary liver cancers and liver metastasis. Contradictory to that OPN and CDKN2A were significantly up-regulated in primary liver cancer, liver metastasis; down-regulated in fetal liver above 20weeks of gestation but were not expressed during early embryo development (below 20weeks of gestation). Moreover, MMP9 and TP53 demonstrated a strong correlation with MUC16 whereas CDKN2A and OPN showed correlation with CXCL12/CXCR4 signifying that MUC16, CXCL12/CXCR4 might be involved in the complex process of cancer metastasis. CONCLUSION MMP9, OPN, TP53 and CDKN2A were the identified markers that were expressed in a similar pattern in early embryonic development and cancer development & invasion suggesting that these genes are activated during embryogenesis and might be re-expressed in cancer metastasis. Moreover, these genes govern a pathway that might be activated during cancer metastasis. Thus, targeting these molecules may provide better treatment for metastatic liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanisha Shah
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacogenomics, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Shanaya Patel
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacogenomics, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Sheefa Mirza
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacogenomics, Department of Cancer Biology, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; Department of Life Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh M Rawal
- Department of Life Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
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Ribera J, Zamora L, Morgades M, Mallo M, Solanes N, Batlle M, Vives S, Granada I, Juncà J, Malinverni R, Genescà E, Guàrdia R, Mercadal S, Escoda L, Martinez-Lopez J, Tormo M, Esteve J, Pratcorona M, Martinez-Losada C, Solé F, Feliu E, Ribera JM. Copy number profiling of adult relapsed B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals potential leukemia progression mechanisms. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017; 56:810-820. [PMID: 28758283 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The outcome of relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains dismal despite new therapeutic approaches. Previous studies analyzing relapse samples have shown a high degree of heterogeneity regarding gene alterations without an evident relapse signature. Bone marrow or peripheral blood samples from 31 adult B-cell precursor ALL patients at first relapse, and 21 paired diagnostic samples were analyzed by multiplex ligation probe-dependent amplification (MLPA). Nineteen paired diagnostic and relapse samples of these 21 patients were also analyzed by SNP arrays. A trend to acquire homozygous CDKN2A/B deletions and a significant increase in the number of copy number alterations (CNA) was observed from diagnosis to first relapse. Evolution from an ancestral clone was the main pattern of clonal evolution. Relapse samples were extremely heterogeneous regarding CNA frequencies. However, CDKN2A/B, PAX5, ETV6, ATM, IKZF1, VPREB1, and TP53 deletions and duplications of 1q, 8q, 17q, 21, X/Y PAR1, and Xp were frequently detected at relapse. Duplications of genes involved in cell proliferation, drug resistance and stem cell homeostasis regulation, as well as deletions of KDM6A and STAG2 genes emerged as specific alterations at relapse. Genomics of relapsed adult B-cell precursor ALL is highly heterogeneous, although some recurrent lesions involved in essential pathways deregulation were frequently observed. Selective and simultaneous targeting of these deregulated pathways may improve the results of current salvage therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ribera
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lurdes Zamora
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mireia Morgades
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Mar Mallo
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Neus Solanes
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Batlle
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Susana Vives
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Isabel Granada
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jordi Juncà
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Roberto Malinverni
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Genescà
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ramon Guàrdia
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Josep Trueta, Girona, Spain
| | - Santiago Mercadal
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Lourdes Escoda
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Jordi Esteve
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Clinic Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Pratcorona
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Francesc Solé
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Evarist Feliu
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Josep-Maria Ribera
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
- Catalan Institute of Oncology-Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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29
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Craddock CF, Houlton AE, Quek LS, Ferguson P, Gbandi E, Roberts C, Metzner M, Garcia-Martin N, Kennedy A, Hamblin A, Raghavan M, Nagra S, Dudley L, Wheatley K, McMullin MF, Pillai SP, Kelly RJ, Siddique S, Dennis M, Cavenagh JD, Vyas P. Outcome of Azacitidine Therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Is not Improved by Concurrent Vorinostat Therapy but Is Predicted by a Diagnostic Molecular Signature. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6430-6440. [PMID: 28765326 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Azacitidine (AZA) is a novel therapeutic option in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its rational utilization is compromised by the fact that neither the determinants of clinical response nor its mechanism of action are defined. Co-administration of histone deacetylase inhibitors, such as vorinostat (VOR), is reported to improve the clinical activity of AZA, but this has not been prospectively studied in patients with AML.Experimental Design: We compared outcomes in 259 adults with AML (n = 217) and MDS (n = 42) randomized to receive either AZA monotherapy (75 mg/m2 × 7 days every 28 days) or AZA combined with VOR 300 mg twice a day on days 3 to 9 orally. Next-generation sequencing was performed in 250 patients on 41 genes commonly mutated in AML. Serial immunophenotyping of progenitor cells was performed in 47 patients.Results: Co-administration of VOR did not increase the overall response rate (P = 0.84) or overall survival (OS; P = 0.32). Specifically, no benefit was identified in either de novo or relapsed AML. Mutations in the genes CDKN2A (P = 0.0001), IDH1 (P = 0.004), and TP53 (P = 0.003) were associated with reduced OS. Lymphoid multipotential progenitor populations were greatly expanded at diagnosis and although reduced in size in responding patients remained detectable throughout treatment.Conclusions: This study demonstrates no benefit of concurrent administration of VOR with AZA but identifies a mutational signature predictive of outcome after AZA-based therapy. The correlation between heterozygous loss of function CDKN2A mutations and decreased OS implicates induction of cell-cycle arrest as a mechanism by which AZA exerts its clinical activity. Clin Cancer Res; 23(21); 6430-40. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles F Craddock
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Aimee E Houlton
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn Swun Quek
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit and Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Ferguson
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Gbandi
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Corran Roberts
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marlen Metzner
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit and Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Garcia-Martin
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit and Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Kennedy
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit and Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Hamblin
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit and Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Manoj Raghavan
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sandeep Nagra
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Dudley
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Wheatley
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Srinivas P Pillai
- University Hospitals of North Midlands, Stoke on Trent, United Kingdom
| | | | - Shamyla Siddique
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Dennis
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie D Cavenagh
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Bart's Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paresh Vyas
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit and Centre for Haematology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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30
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Wu HC, Yang HI, Wang Q, Chen CJ, Santella RM. Plasma DNA methylation marker and hepatocellular carcinoma risk prediction model for the general population. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:1021-1028. [PMID: 28981677 PMCID: PMC5862336 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastases in the later stages of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cause the majority of deaths associated with the disease, making early detection crucial to patient survival. Risk models assessing HCC risk in the general population can be used for risk stratification for further HCC surveillance, however, none have been validated externally. Methylation of circulating DNA shows potential for non-invasive diagnosis of HCC. We conducted a prospective case-control study nested within a community-based cohort. We measured methylation levels in six genes (CDKN2A, RASSF1A, STEAP4, TBX2, VIM and ZNF154) which were identified in our previous work, using pre-diagnostic plasma DNA from 237 HCC cases and 257 matched controls. We found TBX2 hypermethylation was associated with increased HCC risk, with ORs (95% CI) of 3.2 (1.8-6.0). The associations were mainly among high-risk subjects; among subjects infected with HBV/HCV, the OR (95% CI) of TBX2 methylation was 5.3 (2.2-12.7). Among subjects with high risk scores, the ORs (95% CIs) were 7.8 (1.5-38.6) for Wen-HCC model ≥16, 5.8 (2.2-15.5) for Hung-HCC ≥15 and 7.5 (2.2-26.0) for Michikawa-HCC ≥8. Adding TBX2 methylation improved the accuracy of risk models for a high-risk population, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 76% for Wen-HCC score with TBX2 methylation compared with 69% with Wen-HCC alone. The AUCs were 63% for Hung-HCC score plus TBX2 methylation, and 53% for Hung-HCC alone, 65% for Michikawa-HCC score plus TBX2 methylation and 58% for Michikawa-HCC alone. Our findings suggest the potential increase in risk assessment discrimination and accuracy from incorporation of DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 112, Taiwan and
| | - Regina M Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032,USA
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31
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Jouenne F, Chauvot de Beauchene I, Bollaert E, Avril MF, Caron O, Ingster O, Lecesne A, Benusiglio P, Terrier P, Caumette V, Pissaloux D, de la Fouchardière A, Cabaret O, N'Diaye B, Velghe A, Bougeard G, Mann GJ, Koscielny S, Barrett JH, Harland M, Newton-Bishop J, Gruis N, Van Doorn R, Gauthier-Villars M, Pierron G, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Coupier I, Guimbaud R, Delnatte C, Scoazec JY, Eggermont AM, Feunteun J, Tchertanov L, Demoulin JB, Frebourg T, Bressac-de Paillerets B. Germline CDKN2A/P16INK4A mutations contribute to genetic determinism of sarcoma. J Med Genet 2017; 54:607-612. [PMID: 28592523 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal malignancies whose pathogenesis is poorly understood; both environmental and genetic risk factors could contribute to their aetiology. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a familial aggregation of three individuals affected with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) without TP53 mutation (Li-Fraumeni-like, LFL) and found a shared pathogenic mutation in CDKN2A tumour suppressor gene. We searched for individuals with sarcoma among 474 melanoma-prone families with a CDKN2A-/+ genotype and for CDKN2A mutations in 190 TP53-negative LFL families where the index case was a sarcoma. Including the initial family, eight independent sarcoma cases carried a germline mutation in the CDKN2A/p16INK4A gene. In five out of seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sarcomas, heterozygosity was lost at germline CDKN2A mutations sites demonstrating complete loss of function. As sarcomas are rare in CDKN2A/p16INK4A carriers, we searched in constitutional WES of nine carriers for potential modifying rare variants and identified three in platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRA) gene. Molecular modelling showed that two never-described variants could impact the PDGFRA extracellular domain structure. CONCLUSION Germline mutations in CDKN2A/P16INK4A, a gene known to predispose to hereditary melanoma, pancreatic cancer and tobacco-related cancers, account also for a subset of hereditary sarcoma. In addition, we identified PDGFRA as a candidate modifier gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanélie Jouenne
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1186, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Emeline Bollaert
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- Department of Dermatology, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Hopital Cochin Tarnier, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Paris 5 Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Caron
- Département de Médecine Oncologique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Axel Lecesne
- Département de Médecine Oncologique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Patrick Benusiglio
- Département de Médecine Oncologique, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Terrier
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Vincent Caumette
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Daniel Pissaloux
- Department of Pathology, Centre Leon Bérard, Lyon, Rhône-Alpes, France
| | | | - Odile Cabaret
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Birama N'Diaye
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Amélie Velghe
- De Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gaelle Bougeard
- Faculty of Medicine, INSERM U1079, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Department of Genetics, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and personalized Medicine, Rouen, Haute-Normandie, France
| | - Graham J Mann
- Centre for Cancer Research, Weastmead Institute for Medical Research and Melanoma Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Serge Koscielny
- Service de Biostatistiques et d'Epidemiologie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- INSERM U1018, CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jennifer H Barrett
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Mark Harland
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Julia Newton-Bishop
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nelleke Gruis
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Van Doorn
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gaelle Pierron
- Institut Curie Hospital Group, Service de Génétique, Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Coupier
- Hopital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Service de Génétique Médicale et Oncogénétique, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- CRCM Val d'Aurellle, INSERM U896, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Capucine Delnatte
- Unité d'Oncogénétique, Centre René Gauducheau, Nantes Saint Herblain, France
| | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexander M Eggermont
- INSERM U1015 and Faculté de médecine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Feunteun
- CNRS UMR8200, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Luba Tchertanov
- Centre de Mathématiques et de leurs applications, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, Cachan, France
| | | | - Thierry Frebourg
- Faculty of Medicine, INSERM U1079, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Department of Genetics, Rouen University Hospital, Normandy Centre for Genomic and personalized Medicine, Rouen, Haute-Normandie, France
| | - Brigitte Bressac-de Paillerets
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1186, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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Fabbri C, Gibiino G, Fornelli A, Cennamo V, Grifoni D, Visani M, Acquaviva G, Fassan M, Fiorino S, Giovanelli S, Bassi M, Ghersi S, Tallini G, Jovine E, Gasbarrini A, de Biase D. Team work and cytopathology molecular diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions. Dig Endosc 2017; 29:657-666. [PMID: 28190274 DOI: 10.1111/den.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in the next decade or so. It is widely accepted that tumorigenesis is linked to specific alterations in key genes and pancreatic neoplasms are some of the best characterized at the genomic level. Recent whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing analyses confirmed that PDAC is frequently characterized by mutations in a set of four genes among others: KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A/p16, and SMAD4. Sequencing, for example, is the preferable technique available for detecting KRAS mutations, whereas in situ immunochemistry is the main approach for detecting TP53 gene alteration. Nevertheless, the diagnosis of PDAC is still a clinical challenge, involving adequate acquisition of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and specific pathological assessment from tissue architecture to specific biomolecular tests. The aim of the present review is to provide a complete overview of the current knowledge of the biology of pancreatic cancer as detected by the latest biomolecular techniques and, moreover, to propose a paradigm for strict teamwork collaboration in order to improve the correct use of diagnostic sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Fabbri
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
| | - Giulia Gibiino
- Medical Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Fornelli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, AUSL of Bologna, Maggiore Hospital, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cennamo
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
| | - Daniela Grifoni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Visani
- Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
| | - Giorgia Acquaviva
- Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine, Anatomic Pathology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Sirio Fiorino
- Internal Medicine Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Giovanelli
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
| | - Marco Bassi
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
| | - Stefania Ghersi
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Department of Medicine (DIMES), Molecular Diagnostic Unit AUSL of Bologna, University of Bologna School of Medicine, Italy
| | - Elio Jovine
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, AUSL Bologna Bellaria-Maggiore Hospital, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Medical Pathology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Division, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Italy
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El Naofal M, Kim A, Yon HY, Baity M, Ming Z, Bui-Griffith J, Tang Z, Robinson M, Grubbs EG, Cote GJ, Hu P. Role of CDKN2C Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in the Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2017; 47:523-528. [PMID: 29066476 PMCID: PMC7057027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), an aggressive form of thyroid cancer, occurs sporadically in approximately 75% of MTCs. RET and RAS mutations play a role in about 40% and 15%, respectively, of sporadic MTCs and are predominant drivers in MTC pathways. These mutations are some of the most comprehensively described and screened for in MTC patients; however, in recent studies, other mutations in the CDKN2C gene (p18) have been implicated in the tumorigenesis of MTC. Comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed that approximately 40% of sporadic MTC samples have loss of CDKN2C at chromosome 1p32 in addition to frequent losses of CDKN2D (p19) at chromosome 19p13. However, no feasible routine method had been established to detect loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of CDKN2C and CD-KN2D The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of using Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) to screen MTC patients for CDKN2C and CDKN2D deletions. We subjected 5 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) MTC samples with defined RET/RAS mutations to dual-color FISH assays to detect loss of CDKN2C and/or CDKN2D We prepared spectrum orange probes using the bacterial artificial chromosomes RP11-779F9 for CDKN2C (p18) and RP11-177J4 for CDKN2D (p19) and prepared spectrum green control probes to the 1q25.2 and 19q11 regions (RP11-1146A3 and RP11-942P7, respectively). Nine FFPE normal thyroid tissue samples were used to establish the cutoff values for the FISH signal patterns. Of the five FFPE MTC samples, four and one yielded a positive significant result for CDKNN2C loss and CDKN2D loss, respectively. The results of a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments validation with a CDKN2C/CKS1B probe set for CDKN2C (p18) loss of heterozygosity were 100% concordant with the FISH results obtained in this study. Thus, FISH is a fast and reliable diagnostic or prognostic indicator of gene loss in MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha El Naofal
- School of Health Professions Program in Diagnostic Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Adriel Kim
- School of Health Professions Program in Diagnostic Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui Yi Yon
- School of Health Professions Program in Diagnostic Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed Baity
- School of Health Professions Program in Diagnostic Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhao Ming
- Program in Cytogenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jacquelin Bui-Griffith
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhenya Tang
- Department of Clinical Cytogenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melissa Robinson
- Department of Clinical Cytogenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth G Grubbs
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gilbert J Cote
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Hu
- School of Health Professions Program in Diagnostic Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Couch FJ, Shimelis H, Hu C, Hart SN, Polley EC, Na J, Hallberg E, Moore R, Thomas A, Lilyquist J, Feng B, McFarland R, Pesaran T, Huether R, LaDuca H, Chao EC, Goldgar DE, Dolinsky JS. Associations Between Cancer Predisposition Testing Panel Genes and Breast Cancer. JAMA Oncol 2017; 3:1190-1196. [PMID: 28418444 PMCID: PMC5599323 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 404] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1 and BRCA2 predispose to an increased lifetime risk of breast cancer. However, the relevance of germline variants in other genes from multigene hereditary cancer testing panels is not well defined. OBJECTIVE To determine the risks of breast cancer associated with germline variants in cancer predisposition genes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A study population of 65 057 patients with breast cancer receiving germline genetic testing of cancer predisposition genes with hereditary cancer multigene panels. Associations between pathogenic variants in non-BRCA1 and non-BRCA2 predisposition genes and breast cancer risk were estimated in a case-control analysis of patients with breast cancer and Exome Aggregation Consortium reference controls. The women underwent testing between March 15, 2012, and June 30, 2016. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Breast cancer risk conferred by pathogenic variants in non-BRCA1 and non-BRCA2 predisposition genes. RESULTS The mean (SD) age at diagnosis for the 65 057 women included in the analysis was 48.5 (11.1) years. The frequency of pathogenic variants in 21 panel genes identified in 41 611 consecutively tested white women with breast cancer was estimated at 10.2%. After exclusion of BRCA1, BRCA2, and syndromic breast cancer genes (CDH1, PTEN, and TP53), observed pathogenic variants in 5 of 16 genes were associated with high or moderately increased risks of breast cancer: ATM (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 2.22-3.62), BARD1 (OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.31-3.63), CHEK2 (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.31-1.67), PALB2 (OR, 7.46; 95% CI, 5.12-11.19), and RAD51D (OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.21-7.88). Conversely, variants in the BRIP1 and RAD51C ovarian cancer risk genes; the MRE11A, RAD50, and NBN MRN complex genes; the MLH1 and PMS2 mismatch repair genes; and NF1 were not associated with increased risks of breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study establishes several panel genes as high- and moderate-risk breast cancer genes and provides estimates of breast cancer risk associated with pathogenic variants in these genes among individuals qualifying for clinical genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hermela Shimelis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Chunling Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Steven N Hart
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Eric C Polley
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jie Na
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Emily Hallberg
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Raymond Moore
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Abigail Thomas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jenna Lilyquist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Bingjian Feng
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Rachel McFarland
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics Inc, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Tina Pesaran
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics Inc, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Robert Huether
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics Inc, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Holly LaDuca
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics Inc, Aliso Viejo, California
| | - Elizabeth C Chao
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics Inc, Aliso Viejo, California
- Now, Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California-Irvine
| | - David E Goldgar
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Jill S Dolinsky
- Department of Clinical Diagnostics, Ambry Genetics Inc, Aliso Viejo, California
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Moafi A, Zojaji A, Salehi R, Najafi Dorcheh S, Rahgozar S. The correlation between Pax5 deletion and patients survival in Iranian children with precursor B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2017; 63:19-22. [PMID: 28886309 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.8.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment, children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) still experience drug resistance and relapse. Several gene mutations are involved in the onset of this disease and resistance to therapy. The present study examines the incidence of IKZF1, CDKN2A/B, PAX5, EBF1, ETV6, BTG1, RB1, JAK2, and Xp22.33 gene deletions/duplications associated with pediatric ALL in Iran and investigates the possible effect of these mutations on drug resistance. Three-year disease-free survival (3DFS) was evaluated for children diagnosed with Philadelphia negative precursor-B-cell ALL hospitalized at Sayed-al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan-Iran, from January 2009 until December 2012. DNA was extracted from bone marrow slides, and ALL correlated gene deletions and duplications were measured using Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) method. The correlation between gene mutations and 3DFS was then assessed. Among the nine aforementioned investigated genes, 63% of samples showed at least one gene mutation. At least two concomitant genomic mutations were observed in 42% of samples. Pax5 deletion was the most prevalent gene mutation observed in 45% of cases, and showed significant negative impact on response to treatment. CDKN2A/B (9p21.3) gene deletion, and ETV6 (12p13.2) gene duplication also demonstrated negative effect on patient survival and contributed to a worse prognosis if concomitant with Pax5 gene deletion. ALL patients with one of the gene deletions including Pax5 and CDKN2A/B (9p21.3) or ETV6 (12p13.2) gene duplication are classified as high-risk patients and need more intensified protocols of treatment to improve their chance of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Moafi
- Department of pediatric, school of medicine, Isfahan University of medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - A Zojaji
- Department of genetics, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - R Salehi
- Department of Genetics, school of medicine, Isfahan University of medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - S Najafi Dorcheh
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - S Rahgozar
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
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Liu X, Zhang M, Ying S, Zhang C, Lin R, Zheng J, Zhang G, Tian D, Guo Y, Du C, Chen Y, Chen S, Su X, Ji J, Deng W, Li X, Qiu S, Yan R, Xu Z, Wang Y, Guo Y, Cui J, Zhuang S, Yu H, Zheng Q, Marom M, Sheng S, Zhang G, Hu S, Li R, Su M. Genetic Alterations in Esophageal Tissues From Squamous Dysplasia to Carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:166-177. [PMID: 28365443 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common subtype of esophageal cancer. Little is known about the genetic changes that occur in esophageal cells during the development of ESCC. We performed next-generation sequence analyses of esophageal nontumor, intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN), and ESCC tissues from the same patients to track genetic changes during tumor development. METHODS We performed whole-genome, whole-exome, or targeted sequence analyses of 227 esophageal tissue samples from 70 patients with ESCC undergoing resection at Shantou University Medical College in China from 2012 through 2015 (no patients had received chemotherapy or radiation therapy); we analyzed normal tissues, tissues with simple hyperplasia, dysplastic tissues (IEN), and ESCC tissues collected from different regions of the esophagus at the same time. We also obtained 1191 nontumor esophageal biopsy specimens from the Chaoshan region (a high-risk region for ESCC) of China (a high-risk region for ESCC) and performed immunohistochemical and histologic analyses to detect inflammation. RESULTS IEN and ESCC tissues had similar mutations and copy number alterations, at similar frequencies; these differed from mutations detected in tissues with simple hyperplasia. IEN tissues had mutations associated with apolipoprotein B messenger RNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like-mediated mutagenesis (a DNA damage mutational signature). Genetic analyses indicated that most ESCCs were formed from early stage IEN clones. Trunk mutations (mutations shared by >10% of paired IEN and ESCC tissues) were in genes that regulate DNA repair and cell apoptosis, proliferation and adhesion. Mutations in TP53 and CDKN2A and copy number alterations in 11q (contains CCND1), 3q (contains SOX2), 2q (contains NFE2L2), and 9p (contains CDKN2A) were considered to be trunk variants; these were dominant mutations detected at high frequencies in clones of paired IEN and ESCC samples. In the esophageal biopsy samples from high-risk individuals (residing in the Chaoshan region), 68.9% had an evidence of chronic inflammation; the level of inflammation was correlated with atypical cell structures and markers of DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS We analyzed mutations and gene copy number changes in nontumor, IEN, and ESCC samples, collected from 70 patients. IEN and ESCCs each had similar mutations and markers of genomic instability, including apolipoprotein B messenger RNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like. Genomic changes observed in precancerous lesions might be used to identify patients at risk for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Songmin Ying
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Runhua Lin
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zheng
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongping Tian
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiwen Du
- Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuping Chen
- Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaobin Chen
- Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue Su
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Ji
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanting Deng
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyue Qiu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruijing Yan
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zexin Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanning Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | | | - Shanshan Zhuang
- Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Novogene Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Novogene Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Moshe Marom
- Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sitong Sheng
- HYK High-Throughput Biotechnology Institute, Software Park, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songnian Hu
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Min Su
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
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Cardoso MDFS, Castelletti CHM, Lima-Filho JLD, Martins DBG, Teixeira JAC. Putative biomarkers for cervical cancer: SNVs, methylation and expression profiles. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res 2017; 773:161-173. [PMID: 28927526 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is primarily caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, but other factors such as smoking habits, co-infections and genetic background, can also contribute to its development. Although this cancer is avoidable, it is the fourth most frequent type of cancer in females worldwide and can only be treated with chemotherapy and radical surgery. There is a need for biomarkers that will enable early diagnosis and targeted therapy for this type of cancer. Therefore, a systems biology pipeline was applied in order to identify potential biomarkers for cervical cancer, which show significant reports in three molecular aspects: DNA sequence variants, DNA methylation pattern and alterations in mRNA/protein expression levels. CDH1, CDKN2A, RB1 and TP53 genes were selected as putative biomarkers, being involved in metastasis, cell cycle regulation and tumour suppression. Other ten genes (CDH13, FHIT, PTEN, MLH1, TP73, CDKN1A, CACNA2D2, TERT, WIF1, APC) seemed to play a role in cervical cancer, but the lack of studies prevented their inclusion as possible biomarkers. Our results highlight the importance of these genes. However, further studies should be performed to elucidate the impact of DNA sequence variants and/or epigenetic deregulation and altered expression of these genes in cervical carcinogenesis and their potential as biomarkers for cervical cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Fátima Senra Cardoso
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol), Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Henrique Madeiros Castelletti
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol), Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA), Av. General San Martin 1371, Bongi, Recife - PE, 50761-000, Brazil
| | - José Luiz de Lima-Filho
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Danyelly Bruneska Gondim Martins
- Molecular Prospection and Bioinformatics Group (ProspecMol), Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - José António Couto Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego s/n, Recife - PE, 50670-901, Brazil; Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho (UM), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Pignataro P, Pezone L, Di Gioia G, Franco D, Iaccarino G, Iolascon A, Ciccarelli M, Capasso M. Association Study Between Coronary Artery Disease and rs1333049 Polymorphism at 9p21.3 Locus in Italian Population. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2017. [PMID: 28639227 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-017-9758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we verify the association between the rs1333049 single nucleotide polymorphism (9p21.3) within CDKN2A-CDKN2B and coronary artery disease (CAD) in an Italian population. We replicated rs1333049_G allele association with a significantly reduced risk of CAD (OR = 0.816; 95% confidence interval [0.705-0.945]; p = 0.0065) in 711 CAD patients and 755 normal healthy individuals. This effect is maintained even stratifying patients by gender and by risk factors. A significant association was found with age of CAD onset. Interestingly, we found a protective trend of association between the rs1333049_G allele and peripheral artery disease, a progressive atherosclerotic condition in which plaque builds up in the arteries that carry blood to the head, organs, and limbs (OR = 0.724; 95% CI [0.520-1.007]; p = 0.054). No genotype-phenotype association was found with more severe CAD clinical parameters. If certain genetic factors predispose individuals to adverse outcomes, the knowledge of a patient's genotype may influence clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Pignataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Biotecnologie Avanzate, CEINGE, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Pezone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Biotecnologie Avanzate, CEINGE, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Gioia
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Franco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Achille Iolascon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
- Biotecnologie Avanzate, CEINGE, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Via Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Federico II University, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- Biotecnologie Avanzate, CEINGE, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- IRCCS SDN, Istituto di Ricerca Diagnostica e Nucleare, Via Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy.
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Gutierrez-Camino A, Martin-Guerrero I, Garcia de Andoin N, Sastre A, Carbone Bañeres A, Astigarraga I, Navajas A, Garcia-Orad A. Confirmation of involvement of new variants at CDKN2A/B in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility in the Spanish population. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177421. [PMID: 28481918 PMCID: PMC5421813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The locus CDKN2A/B (9p21.3), which comprises the tumor suppressors genes CDKN2A and CDKN2B and the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) known as ANRIL (or CDKN2B-AS), was associated with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) susceptibility in several genome wide association studies (GWAS). However, the variants associated in the diverse studies were different. Recently, new and independent SNPs deregulating the locus function were also identified in association with ALL risk. This diversity in the results may be explained because different variants in each population could alter CDKN2A/B locus function through diverse mechanisms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the annotated risk variants in the CDKN2A/B locus affect the susceptibility of B cell precursor ALL (B-ALL) in our Spanish population and explore if other SNPs altering additional regulatory mechanisms could be also involved. We analyzed the four SNPs proposed by GWAs and two additional SNPs in miRNA binding sites in 217 pediatric patients with B-ALL and 330 healthy controls. The SNPs rs2811712, rs3731249, rs3217992 and rs2811709 were associated with B-ALL susceptibility in our Spanish population. ALL subtypes analyses showed that rs2811712 was associated with B-hyperdiploid ALL. These results provide evidence for the influence of genetic variants at CDKN2A/B locus with the risk of developing B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Gutierrez-Camino
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Idoia Martin-Guerrero
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Nagore Garcia de Andoin
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- BioDonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ana Sastre
- Department of Oncohematology, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Carbone Bañeres
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Itziar Astigarraga
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Cruces, Barakaldo, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Africa Garcia-Orad
- Department of Genetics, Physic Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
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Lillycrop K, Murray R, Cheong C, Teh AL, Clarke-Harris R, Barton S, Costello P, Garratt E, Cook E, Titcombe P, Shunmuganathan B, Liew SJ, Chua YC, Lin X, Wu Y, Burdge GC, Cooper C, Inskip HM, Karnani N, Hopkins JC, Childs CE, Chavez CP, Calder PC, Yap F, Lee YS, Chong YS, Melton PE, Beilin L, Huang RC, Gluckman PD, Harvey N, Hanson MA, Holbrook JD, Godfrey KM. ANRIL Promoter DNA Methylation: A Perinatal Marker for Later Adiposity. EBioMedicine 2017; 19:60-72. [PMID: 28473239 PMCID: PMC5440605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies show a substantial contribution of early life environment to obesity risk through epigenetic processes. We examined inter-individual DNA methylation differences in human birth tissues associated with child's adiposity. We identified a novel association between the level of CpG methylation at birth within the promoter of the long non-coding RNA ANRIL (encoded at CDKN2A) and childhood adiposity at age 6-years. An association between ANRIL methylation and adiposity was also observed in three additional populations; in birth tissues from ethnically diverse neonates, in peripheral blood from adolescents, and in adipose tissue from adults. Additionally, CpG methylation was associated with ANRIL expression in vivo, and CpG mutagenesis in vitro inhibited ANRIL promoter activity. Furthermore, CpG methylation enhanced binding to an Estrogen Response Element within the ANRIL promoter. Our findings demonstrate that perinatal methylation at loci relevant to gene function may be a robust marker of later adiposity, providing substantial support for epigenetic processes in mediating long-term consequences of early life environment on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lillycrop
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Robert Murray
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Clara Cheong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Ai Ling Teh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Rebecca Clarke-Harris
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sheila Barton
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Paula Costello
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Emma Garratt
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Eloise Cook
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Philip Titcombe
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Bhuvaneshwari Shunmuganathan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Samantha J Liew
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Yong-Cai Chua
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Xinyi Lin
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Yonghui Wu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Graham C Burdge
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Hazel M Inskip
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - James C Hopkins
- Academic Unit of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Caroline E Childs
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Carolina Paras Chavez
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Philip C Calder
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Duke NUS Graduate School of Medicine, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip E Melton
- Centre for Genetics of Health and Disease, University of Western, Australia; Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Australia
| | - Lawrie Beilin
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rae-Chi Huang
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nick Harvey
- Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mark A Hanson
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Joanna D Holbrook
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK; Academic Unit of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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Stein CK, Pawlyn C, Chavan S, Rasche L, Weinhold N, Corken A, Buros A, Sonneveld P, Jackson GH, Landgren O, Mughal T, He J, Barlogie B, Bergsagel PL, Davies FE, Walker BA, Morgan GJ. The varied distribution and impact of RAS codon and other key DNA alterations across the translocation cyclin D subgroups in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:27854-27867. [PMID: 28427158 PMCID: PMC5438613 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined a set of 805 cases that underwent DNA sequencing using the FoundationOne Heme (F1H) targeted sequencing panel and gene expression profiling. Known and likely variant calls from the mutational data were analyzed for significant associations with gene expression defined translocation cyclin D (TC) molecular subgroups. The spectrum of KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF codon mutations varied across subgroups with NRAS mutations at Q61 codon being common in hyperdiploid (HRD) and t(11;14) myeloma while being rare in MMSET and MAF. In addition, the presence of RAS-RAF mutations was inversely associated with NFκB pathway activation in all subgroups excluding MAF. In the MMSET subgroup, cases with low FGFR3 expression frequently had RAS-RAF mutations. Conditional inference tree analysis determined that mutation and homozygous deletion of TP53, CDKN2C, and RB1 were key prognostic factors associated with adverse outcome in a non-relapse clinical setting. In conclusion, this study highlights the heterogeneity in the distribution and clinical outcomes of RAS codon and other mutations in multiple myeloma dependent upon primary molecular subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb K. Stein
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Shweta Chavan
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Leo Rasche
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Niels Weinhold
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Adam Corken
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Amy Buros
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Graham H. Jackson
- Department of Haematology, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Ola Landgren
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tariq Mughal
- FoundationOne Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jie He
- FoundationOne Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bart Barlogie
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | | | - Faith E. Davies
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Brian A. Walker
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Gareth J. Morgan
- The Myeloma Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Abstract
Germline mutations in the CDKN2A gene are associated with an increased risk of malignant melanoma and pancreatic cancer. In order to find out if the behavior pattern in families with a CDKN2A mutation is similar to what we previously have described in families with a BRCA1 mutation, we have studied the uptake of genetic services in probands and their relatives. We describe whether they attend genetic counseling when invited, whether they want a mutation test after being counseled and whether they adhere to recommendations for surveillance. 66 % (95/144) of first-degree relatives to mutation carriers contacted us within the study period. 98 % (126/128) of all relatives who came for genetic counseling decided on genetic testing for their family's mutation, and 93 % (66/71) of all mutation carriers wanted referral to yearly skin examinations. Female relatives had a significantly higher uptake of genetic services compared to males, similar to the findings in families with a BRCA1 mutation. Uptake of genetic services in general in families with a CDKN2A mutation is high. Females seem to have a higher interest in genetic testing than males, regardless of gene mutated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Levin
- Section on Hereditary Cancer, Oslo University Hospital, PB 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Lovise Mæhle
- Section on Hereditary Cancer, Oslo University Hospital, PB 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
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Borroni RG, Manganoni AM, Grassi S, Grasso M, Diegoli M, Giorgianni C, Favalli V, Pavoni L, Cespa M, Arbustini E. Genetic counselling and high-penetrance susceptibility gene analysis reveal the novel CDKN2A p.D84V (c.251A>T) mutation in melanoma-prone families from Italy. Melanoma Res 2017; 27:97-103. [PMID: 28060055 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Genetic susceptibility to primary cutaneous melanoma (PCM) may account for up to 12% of PCMs, presenting as the familial atypical mole/multiple melanoma syndrome (FAMMM), an autosomal dominant condition with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity, characterized by PCM in at least two relatives and/or more than one PCMs in the same patient. To identify individuals at high genetic risk of PCM, from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2015, we offered genetic counselling and molecular analysis of the two high-penetrance FAMMM susceptibility genes, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), to 92 consecutive, unrelated patients with FAMMM. Age at diagnosis and number of PCMs were obtained from medical records; the number of PCMs and affected relatives were recorded for each family. The diagnostic work-up consisted of genetic counselling and cascade genetic testing in patients and further extension to relatives of those identified as mutation carriers. All exons and exon/intron boundaries of CDKN2A and CDK4 genes were screened by direct bidirectional sequencing. We identified CDKN2A mutations in 19 of the 92 unrelated patients (20.6%) and in 14 additional, clinically healthy relatives. Eleven of these latter subsequently underwent excision of dysplastic nevi, but none developed PCM during a median follow-up of 37.3 months. In three patients from unrelated families, the novel CDKN2A p.D84V (c.251A>T) mutation was observed, associated with PCM in each pedigree. Genetic screening of FAMMM patients and their relatives can contribute towards specific primary and secondary prevention programmes for individuals at high genetic risk of PCM. The novel CDKN2A p.D84V (c.251A>T) mutation adds to the known mutations associated with FAMMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo G Borroni
- aLaboratori Sperimentali di Ricerca, Area Trapiantologica bDepartment of Dermatology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo cDepartment of Dermatology dDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia eDepartment of Dermatology, A.O. Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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Elvin JA, Gay LM, Ort R, Shuluk J, Long J, Shelley L, Lee R, Chalmers ZR, Frampton GM, Ali SM, Schrock AB, Miller VA, Stephens PJ, Ross JS, Frank R. Clinical Benefit in Response to Palbociclib Treatment in Refractory Uterine Leiomyosarcomas with a Common CDKN2A Alteration. Oncologist 2017; 22:416-421. [PMID: 28283584 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) responds poorly to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, and personalized therapies have yet to be systematically explored. Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) can identify therapeutic targets and provide insight into the biology of this highly aggressive tumor. We report a case of uLMS treated with the CGP-matched therapy palbociclib, a CDK4/6 inhibitor, with sustained clinical benefit in this rare and deadly malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study analyzed 279 clinically advanced/recurrent uLMS samples. Median patient age was 54 years (range, 23-83 years). DNA was extracted from 40 µm of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections, and CGP was performed on hybridization-captured, adaptor ligation-based libraries for up to 405 cancer-related genes plus introns from up to 31 genes frequently rearranged in cancer. Sequencing data were analyzed for base pair substitutions, insertions/deletions, copy number alterations, and rearrangements. RESULTS CGP shows that 97.1% of uLMS harbor at least one alteration, and approximately 57% harbor alterations in one or more therapeutically targetable pathways. CDKN2A mutations that inactivate p16INK4a were identified in 11% of uLMS. We report the first demonstration of clinical benefit in response to palbociclib treatment for a uLMS patient with a CDKN2A mutation, resulting in disease stabilization and significant symptom reduction. CONCLUSION A patient with uLMS harboring a CDKN2A mutation experienced clinical benefit from treatment with palbociclib, and genomic analysis of 279 uLMS samples revealed that 19% of patients had mutations affecting the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) pathway. These observations provide a rationale for a clinical trial investigating treatment with CDK pathway inhibitors for uLMS harboring relevant genomic alterations. The Oncologist 2017;22:416-421Implications for Practice: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) of individuals with uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) indicates that nearly 20% of patients may harbor a mutation affecting the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) pathway. The case presented demonstrates that a CDK inhibitory drug may provide clinical benefit to such individuals. Given the lack of curative therapies for uLMS, CGP could be performed on all cases of advanced uLMS and a CDK inhibitor could be recommended (preferably as part of a clinical trial) for individuals harboring a mutation in the CDK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Elvin
- Pathology Department, Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laurie M Gay
- Pathology Department, Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rita Ort
- Hematology and Oncology, Norwalk Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA
| | - Joseph Shuluk
- Hematology and Oncology, Norwalk Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jennifer Long
- Hematology and Oncology, Norwalk Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lauren Shelley
- Hematology and Oncology, Norwalk Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ronald Lee
- Radiology, Norwalk Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zachary R Chalmers
- Clinical Genomics, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Garrett M Frampton
- Clinical Genomics, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Siraj M Ali
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexa B Schrock
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vincent A Miller
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philip J Stephens
- Clinical Genomics, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Ross
- Pathology Department, Foundation Medicine Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany
| | - Richard Frank
- Hematology and Oncology, Norwalk Hospital, Western Connecticut Health Network, Norwalk, Connecticut, USA
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Hartwig FP, Loret de Mola C, Davies NM, Victora CG, Relton CL. Breastfeeding effects on DNA methylation in the offspring: A systematic literature review. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173070. [PMID: 28257446 PMCID: PMC5336253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding benefits both infants and mothers. Recent research shows long-term health and human capital benefits among individuals who were breastfed. Epigenetic mechanisms have been suggested as potential mediators of the effects of early-life exposures on later health outcomes. We reviewed the literature on the potential effects of breastfeeding on DNA methylation. METHODS Studies reporting original results and evaluating DNA methylation differences according to breastfeeding/breast milk groups (e.g., ever vs. never comparisons, different categories of breastfeeding duration, etc) were eligible. Six databases were searched simultaneously using Ovid, and the resulting studies were evaluated independently by two reviewers. RESULTS Seven eligible studies were identified. Five were conducted in humans. Studies were heterogeneous regarding sample selection, age, target methylation regions, methylation measurement and breastfeeding categorisation. Collectively, the studies suggest that breastfeeding might be negatively associated with promoter methylation of LEP (which encodes an anorexigenic hormone), CDKN2A (involved in tumour suppression) and Slc2a4 genes (which encodes an insulin-related glucose transporter) and positively with promoter methylation of the Nyp (which encodes an orexigenic neuropeptide) gene, as well as influence global methylation patterns and modulate epigenetic effects of some genetic variants. CONCLUSIONS The findings from our systematic review are far from conclusive due to the small number of studies and their inherent limitations. Further studies are required to understand the actual potential role of epigenetics in the associations of breastfeeding with later health outcomes. Suggestions for future investigations, focusing on epigenome-wide association studies, are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Pires Hartwig
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Neil Martin Davies
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Cesar Gomes Victora
- Postgraduate Programme in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Caroline L. Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom
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Ohnami S, Ohshima K, Nagashima T, Urakami K, Shimoda Y, Saito J, Naruoka A, Hatakeyama K, Mochizuki T, Serizawa M, Ohnami S, Kusuhara M, Yamaguchi K. Comprehensive characterization of genes associated with the TP53 signal transduction pathway in various tumors. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 431:75-85. [PMID: 28258440 PMCID: PMC5487743 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The TP53 signal transduction pathway is an attractive target for cancer treatments. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive molecular evaluation of 907 patients with cancer in Japan to identify genomic alterations in the TP53 pathway. TP53 mutations were frequently detected in many cancers, except melanoma, thymic tumors, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and renal cancers. The frequencies of non-synonymous single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the TP53 family members TP63 and TP73 were relatively low, although genes with increased frequencies of SNVs were as follows: PTEN (11.7%) in breast cancer, CDKN2A (11.1 and 9.6%) in pancreas and head and neck cancers, and ATM (18.0 and 11.1%) in liver and esophageal cancers. MDM2 expression was decreased or increased in patients with mutant or wild-type TP53, respectively. CDKN1A expression was increased with mutant TP53 in head and neck cancers. Moreover, TP63 overexpression was characteristically observed in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, esophagus, and head and neck region. Additionally, overexpression of TP63 and TP73 was frequently observed in thymomas. Our results reveal a spectrum of genomic alterations in the TP53 pathway that is characteristic of many tumor types, and these data may be useful in the trials of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Ohnami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.
| | - Keiichi Ohshima
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagashima
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
- SRL Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Urakami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimoda
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
- SRL Inc, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Saito
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akane Naruoka
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Hatakeyama
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tohru Mochizuki
- Medical Genetics Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masakuni Serizawa
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sumiko Ohnami
- Cancer Diagnostics Research Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kusuhara
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
- Regional Resources Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan
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Stenvinkel P, Luttropp K, McGuinness D, Witasp A, Rashid Qureshi A, Wernerson A, Nordfors L, Schalling M, Ripsweden J, Wennberg L, Söderberg M, Bárány P, Olauson H, Shiels PG. CDKN2A/p16INK4a expression is associated with vascular progeria in chronic kidney disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:494-507. [PMID: 28192277 PMCID: PMC5361677 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) display a progeric vascular phenotype linked to apoptosis, cellular senescence and osteogenic transformation. This has proven intractable to modelling appropriately in model organisms. We have therefore investigated this directly in man, using for the first time validated cellular biomarkers of ageing (CDKN2A/p16INK4a, SA-β-Gal) in arterial biopsies from 61 CKD patients undergoing living donor renal transplantation. We demonstrate that in the uremic milieu, increased arterial expression of CDKN2A/p16INK4a associated with vascular progeria in CKD, independently of chronological age. The arterial expression of CDKN2A/p16INK4a was significantly higher in patients with coronary calcification (p=0.01) and associated cardiovascular disease (CVD) (p=0.004). The correlation between CDKN2A/p16INK4a and media calcification was statistically significant (p=0.0003) after correction for chronological age. We further employed correlate expression of matrix Gla protein (MGP) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) as additional pathognomonic markers. Higher expression of CDKN2A/p16INK4a, RUNX2 and MGP were observed in arteries with severe media calcification. The number of p16INK4a and SA-β-Gal positive cells was higher in biopsies with severe media calcification. A strong inverse correlation was observed between CDKN2A/p16INK4a expression and carboxylated osteocalcin levels. Thus, impaired vitamin K mediated carboxylation may contribute to premature vascular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Luttropp
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dagmara McGuinness
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Witasp
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abdul Rashid Qureshi
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annika Wernerson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Louise Nordfors
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Schalling
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonaz Ripsweden
- Division of Radiology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Wennberg
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Söderberg
- Pathology, Drug Safety and Metabolism, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Peter Bárány
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hannes Olauson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul G Shiels
- Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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48
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Inzelberg R, Flash S, Friedman E, Azizi E. Cutaneous malignant melanoma and Parkinson disease: Common pathways? Ann Neurol 2016; 80:811-820. [PMID: 27761938 DOI: 10.1002/ana.24802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in Parkinson disease (PD) are unclear, but plausibly involve common pathways. 129Ser-phosphorylated α-synuclein, a pathological PD hallmark, is abundantly expressed in CMM, but not in normal skin. In inherited PD, PARK genes harbor germline mutations; the same genes are somatically mutated in CMM, or their encoded proteins are involved in melanomagenesis. Conversely, genes associated with CMM affect PD risk. PD/CMM-targeted cells share neural crest origin and melanogenesis capability. Pigmentation gene variants may underlie their susceptibility. We review putative genetic intersections that may be suggestive of shared pathways in neurodegeneration/melanomagenesis. Ann Neurol 2016;80:811-820.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivka Inzelberg
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
- Center of Advanced Technologies in Rehabilitation, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer
| | - Shira Flash
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Eitan Friedman
- Susanne Levy Gertner Oncogenetics Unit, Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv
| | - Esther Azizi
- Department of Dermatology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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49
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Helgadottir H, Höiom V, Tuominen R, Nielsen K, Jönsson G, Olsson H, Hansson J. Germline CDKN2A Mutation Status and Survival in Familial Melanoma Cases. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djw135. [PMID: 27287845 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in CDKN2A have been associated with increased risk of melanoma and tobacco-related cancers in respiratory and upper digestive tissues. In CDKN2A wild-type (wt) melanoma families, other known high-risk, melanoma-predisposing mutations are rare, and no increased risk has been observed for nonskin cancers in this group. This study is the first to compare survival in germline CDKN2A mutated (mut) and nonmutated melanoma cases. METHODS Melanoma-prone families participating in this study were identified through a nationwide predictive program starting in 1987. Information on cancer diagnoses (types, stages, and dates) and deaths (causes and dates) were obtained through the Swedish Cancer Registry and Cause of Death Registry. Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess survival in CDKN2A(mut) (n = 96) and CDKN2A(wt) (n = 377) familial melanoma cases and in matched sporadic melanoma cases (n = 1042). All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS When comparing CDKN2A(mut) and CDKN2A(wt) melanoma cases, after adjusting for age, sex, and T classification, CDKN2A(mut) had worse survival than melanoma (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.49 to 4.21) and than nonmelanoma cancers (HR = 7.77, 95% CI = 3.65 to 16.51). Compared with matched sporadic cases, CDKN2A(mut) cases had statistically significantly worse survival from both melanoma and nonmelanoma cancers while no differences in survival were seen in CDKN2A(wt) compared with sporadic cases. CONCLUSIONS CDKN2A(mut) cases had statistically significantly worse survival than nonmelanoma cancers and, intriguingly, also from melanoma, compared with melanoma cases with no CDKN2A mutations. Further studies are required to elucidate possible mechanisms behind increased carcinogen susceptibility and the more aggressive melanoma phenotype in CDKN2A mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildur Helgadottir
- Affiliations of authors: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (HH, VH, RT, JH); Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital (GJ, HO); Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital (KN)
| | - Veronica Höiom
- Affiliations of authors: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (HH, VH, RT, JH); Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital (GJ, HO); Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital (KN)
| | - Rainer Tuominen
- Affiliations of authors: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (HH, VH, RT, JH); Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital (GJ, HO); Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital (KN)
| | - Kari Nielsen
- Affiliations of authors: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (HH, VH, RT, JH); Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital (GJ, HO); Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital (KN)
| | - Göran Jönsson
- Affiliations of authors: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (HH, VH, RT, JH); Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital (GJ, HO); Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital (KN)
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Affiliations of authors: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (HH, VH, RT, JH); Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital (GJ, HO); Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital (KN)
| | - Johan Hansson
- Affiliations of authors: Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden (HH, VH, RT, JH); Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital (GJ, HO); Department of Dermatology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University and Helsingborg Hospital (KN)
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50
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Yang XR, Rotunno M, Xiao Y, Ingvar C, Helgadottir H, Pastorino L, van Doorn R, Bennett H, Graham C, Sampson JN, Malasky M, Vogt A, Zhu B, Bianchi-Scarra G, Bruno W, Queirolo P, Fornarini G, Hansson J, Tuominen R, Burdett L, Hicks B, Hutchinson A, Jones K, Yeager M, Chanock SJ, Landi MT, Höiom V, Olsson H, Gruis N, Ghiorzo P, Tucker MA, Goldstein AM. Multiple rare variants in high-risk pancreatic cancer-related genes may increase risk for pancreatic cancer in a subset of patients with and without germline CDKN2A mutations. Hum Genet 2016; 135:1241-1249. [PMID: 27449771 PMCID: PMC5152573 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The risk of pancreatic cancer (PC) is increased in melanoma-prone families but the causal relationship between germline CDKN2A mutations and PC risk is uncertain, suggesting the existence of non-CDKN2A factors. One genetic possibility involves patients having mutations in multiple high-risk PC-related genes; however, no systematic examination has yet been conducted. We used next-generation sequencing data to examine 24 putative PC-related genes in 43 PC patients with and 23 PC patients without germline CDKN2A mutations and 1001 controls. For each gene and the four pathways in which they occurred, we tested whether PC patients (overall or CDKN2A+ and CDKN2A- cases separately) had an increased number of rare nonsynonymous variants. Overall, we identified 35 missense variants in PC patients, 14 in CDKN2A+ and 21 in CDKN2A- PC cases. We found nominally significant associations for mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2) in all PC patients and for ATM, CPA1, and PMS2 in CDKN2A- PC patients. Further, nine CDKN2A+ and four CDKN2A- PC patients had rare potentially deleterious variants in multiple PC-related genes. Loss-of-function variants were only observed in CDKN2A- PC patients, with ATM having the most pathogenic variants. Also, ATM variants (n = 5) were only observed in CDKN2A- PC patients with a family history that included digestive system tumors. Our results suggest that a subset of PC patients may have increased risk because of germline mutations in multiple PC-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong R Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Melissa Rotunno
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Studies, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yanzi Xiao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | - Hildur Helgadottir
- Department of Oncology Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenza Pastorino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Remco van Doorn
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hunter Bennett
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Cole Graham
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Joshua N Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael Malasky
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Aurelie Vogt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Giovanna Bianchi-Scarra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - William Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Johan Hansson
- Department of Oncology Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rainer Tuominen
- Department of Oncology Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurie Burdett
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Belynda Hicks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kristine Jones
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Veronica Höiom
- Department of Oncology Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nelleke Gruis
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Ghiorzo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Genetics of Rare Cancers, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Margaret A Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- , 9609 Medical Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9769, USA.
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